(rie Upurea eles: y3 Questions 5-8 refer to the two tables below. Table 1, Percentage Urban Year Percentage Urban 1790 5.1% 1800 61% 1810 7.3% 820 72% 1830 8.8% 1840 108% 1850 153% 1960 198% \W.Elit Browne, Dynamic of Ascent A Hbtory of the Amica Economy, 1979 Table 2. Shares of Agriculture and Manufacturing in Total ‘8y8t-o08T Labor Force Participation Year Agriculture Manufacturing 1800 82.6% Not Available 1810 83.7% 3.2% 1820 790% Not Available 1830 70.7% Not Available 1840 63.4% 88% 1850 54.8% 145% 1860 532% 137% aul DavieThe Gronth of Real Product nthe United States Before 1840: New Evidence, Contrlled Conjectures! 1987 5. Which region of the US. benefited most from 6, The increase in textile manufacturing, especially the industralization and increase in urbaniza- the construction of large factories devoted to tion reflected in these two tables? textiles, (A) Old Northwest (A) large percentage ofthe labor force engaged (B) New England in manufacturing by 1860 (©) Southwest (B) increase inthe percentage ofthe labor force oe engaged in manufacturing by 1840 (C) increase in the percentage of the labor force engaged in manufacturing between 1840 and 1850 (D) increase in urban percentage be and 1860, een 1850 131 |Part 2 IOs Tein gt 7. Both the increasing use of steamboats on major 8 The great increase in railroad building in the rivets and the boom in canal building ate best United States is mostly directly reflected in the reflected by the (A) substantial increase in the manufacturing (A) sustained growth ofthe urban percentage workforce between 1840 and 1850, between 1820 and 1860 (B) sharp increase in the urban percentage (B)_ increase in manufacturing between 1840 between 1820 and 1830 / nae (©) sharp decline of the agricultural labor force P e (C) increase in the urban percentage between between 1830 and 1840 1s50 and 1860 (D) substantial increase in the urban percent- (D) increase in the agricultural labor force age between 1840 and 1860 between 1800 and 1810 1800-1848 I< | 132Chapter 6 Period 4: 1800-1848 Questions 9 and 10 refer to the excerpt below: “Resolved, That such laws as conflict, in any way, with the true and substantial happiness of woman, are contrary to the great precept of nature, and of no validity; for this is superior in obligation to any other, Resolved, Thiall laws which prevent woman from occupying sudh a station in society as her Zonscience shall dictate, or which place her ina position inferior to that of man, are contrary tothe great precept of nature, and tRerefore of no force or authdbity. . ” Resolved, Tht woman is man's equal-—ws intended to be so by Me Creator, and the highest good of the race demands that she should be recognized as such © « ‘ . Resolved, That the women ofthis country ought to be enlightened in regard to the laws under which they live, that they may no longer publish theif degradation, by declafng themselves satisfied wit their present position, nor their ignorance, by asserting that they have all the rights they want Resolved, That inasmuch as man, while claiming for himself intellectual superiority, does accord to ‘woman moral superiority, it is pre-eminently his duty to encourage her to speak, and teach, as she has an ‘opportunity, in al religious assemblies” Declaration of Rights and Sentiments, Seneca Falls Convention, 1848 9. The main purpose ofthe Seneca Falls Conven- 10. Which ofthe following was NOT a key factor tion was to for women gaining increased civil rights during (A) claim the right to vote for women the Second Great Awakening? {B) advocate for the creation of all-female (A) Institutions for women's higher education, colleges such as Mt. Holyoke and Wesleyan College, were founded (C) assert the rights of women as equals to men ee morally socal, and potcaly (B)_ Women gained social importance as the leaders of reform movements, such a (D) demand that the word “women” be added es orm mss 7 abolitionism. to the Declaration of Independence along. side the word “men (C) Women were elected to political offices, empowering them to advocate for more rights, like suffrage (D) Women became more involved in religion, such as including taking on @ larger role in the church hierarchy, 33 | KK ‘sret-ooatTEST WHAT YOU ALREADY KNOW Chapter 7 rey eau yard Questions 1-3 refer to the cartoon below depicting the secession of southern states, L Which of the following did southern states use to justify seceding from the United States? (A) ‘The Lecompton Constitution (B) The Force Acts (C) ‘The Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions D) The Kansas-Nebraska Act The Compromise of 1850 initially alleviated tension between the North and the South and delayed secession. Which of the following was not included in this Compromise? (A) The admission of California as a free state (B) The creation of the Utah and New Mexico territories (©) Aban on the slave trade in Virginia and Maryland (D) The enactment ofa stricter Fugitive Slave Law Which of the following political events most directly led to the secession of the South? (A) The presidential election of 1860 (B) The Dred Scott v, Sandford case (©) The Kansas-N ska (D) The Tea Percent Plan 137 | I< Ligt-beetPart 2 ee Gece 1844-1877 Questions 4-7 refer to the letter below outlining Lincoln's reasoning for the Emancipation Proclamation, “Tam naturally anti-slavery. If slavery is not wrong, nothing is wrong, ... And yet I have never understood that the Presidency conferred upon me an unrestricted right to act officially upon this judgment and feeling... did understand however, that my oath to preserve the constitution to the best of my abilty, imposed upon me the duty of preserving, by every indispensable means, that government—that nation. ‘of which that constitution was the organic law... was, in my best judgment, driven to the alternative of cither surrendering the Union, and with it, the Constitution, or of laying strong hand upon the colored clement... it shows a gain of quite a hundred and thirty thousand soldiers, seamen, and laborers. These are palpable facts, about which, as facts, there can be no cavilling” Letter from Abraham Lincoln to Albert G, Hodges, April 4, 1864 ‘4 Abraham Lincoln intended purpose in issuing 6. The immediate reaction of many Northerners ‘the Emancipation Proclamation was to after the issuance of the Emancipation (A) establish the preservation of the Union as Proclamation was most similar to the goal for the Civil War (A) Southern reaction to the War of 1812 (B)_ abolish slavery across the United States (B) Northern reaction to the War of 1812 (©) assert the end of slavery as a major (C) Southern reaction to the Mexican- outcome of the Civil War ‘American War (D) advocate for a peaceful era of Reconstruction (D) Northern reaction to the Mexican- American War 5. Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation most directly followed which of the following events? ‘The Emancipation Proclamation benefited the (A) “The Union victory atthe Battle of Antietam Union war effort in which of the fllowing ways? (B) The Union victory at the Battle of (A) The Union gained control of more railroads Gettysburg, and factories, (C) ‘The implementation ofa Union draft (B) European countries decided not to back the Confederacy. (D) ‘The attack on Fort Sumter ae (©) More African Americans joined Union troops. (D) More citizens of border states supported the war, KC | 138Grieg airborne: este, Questions 8-10 refer to the excerpt below. “With malice toward none, with charity forall, with firmness inthe right as God gives us to see the right, Jet us strive on to finish the work we are in, to bind up the nation’s wounds, to care for him who shall have borne the battle and for his widow and his orphan, to do all which may achieve and cherish a just and lasting peace among ourselves and with all nations.” Abraham Lincoln, second inaugural address, 1865, 8. Which of the following groups would most 10. After President Lincoln was assassinated, likely abject to the perspective in this excerpt? President Andrew Johnson was in office from (A) Radical Republicans 1865 to 1869, He faced all of the following issues EXCEPT (B)_ Moderate Republicans (A) the passage of Black Codes in the South (©) Southern Democrats atid “ ; opposition from Republicans in Congress (D) Northern Democrats aa eee a ie (©) impeachment by the Senate 9. Which of the following events officially abolished slavery in the United States? (D) rejection of his Reconstruction plan (A) The Emancipation Proclamation (B) Robert (©) The passage of the Thirteenth Amendment (D) The Civil Rights Act Lee’ surrender at Appomattox ‘The answer key can be found at the end of this chapter. ‘Wondering about what to do next? Refer to your chosen study plan for next steps. Havent chosen your study plan yet? Head over to Chapter 2 to learn more about the perforated study plan page that appears in the front of the book. Bo | 1K LL81-498Les Leena tall avg TIME PERIOD REVIEW THE IMPACTS OF MANIFEST DESTINY Journalist John O'Sullivan coined the phrase “Manifest Destiny" in 1845 to describe the belief that it was God's will for the United States to expand westward. Settlers sought opportunities to spread ‘American values across the trans-Mississippi West, driven by Manifest Destiny, as well as by the ‘market revolution, transportation advancements, and increased nationalism. Settlers Move West By 1840, thousands had moved into what is now Texas, with a few braving the trail to present-day Oregon. Throughout the 1840s, a flood of settlers began traversing the dangerous Oregon Trail Families traveled up to six months in caravans, covering only about 15 miles per day with good weather, While living on the trail, some women began to run prayer meetings and schools to ‘maintain some vestiges of home. Women also began to take on new roles outside of homemaking and childcare, such as repairing wagon wheels and tending to livestock. Expansion and American Indians As American settlers moved west, they encountered American Indian tribes, who had lived in the Great Plains region for centuries. Although there was occasional conflict between American Indians and American settlers, there were no large-scale clashes or battles. The lives of the Plains tribes, however, were dramatically altered by the increasing presence of the Sioux Indians. The Sioux had gradually moved westward since the mid-eighteenth century due to the spread of guns and horses, which they used to fight for territory and hunt buffalo. By the early nineteenth Century, the Sioux had gained control over much of the Great Plains. However, they were unable to maintain their control of the land due to relentless westward expansion by American settlers Trouble with Territories ‘Westward expansion became a major political issue when Martin Van Buren was elected president in 1836. Van Buren’s presidency was matred by an economic depression resulting from the policies of his predecessor, Andrew Jackson. The Panic of 1837, much like the Panic of 1819, was caused by overspeculation on Western lands, faulty loans from “wildcat” Western banks, the absence of a national bank, and Jackson’s Specie Circular, which decreed that all federal land be paid for in gold or silver, These factors placed enormous strain on the economy, and the impact of the depression lasted until the early 1840s. Tippecanoe and Tyler, Too, and New Expansion Van Buren fought for reelection in 1840 against Whig Party candidate William Henry Harrison, hero of the Battle of Tippecanoe. Mudslinging was fierce in the election, with Whigs blaming "Martin Van Ruin’ for the economic crisis and Democrats accusing Harrison of being an alcoholic, The 1 | 140TEST WHAT YOU LEARNED Questions 1 and 2 refer to the excerpt below: (rica Period 5: 1844-1877 “Whereas the President of the United States, in his message of May 11, 1846, has declared that ‘the ‘Mexican Government not only refused to receive him, [the envoy of the United States, or listen to his Propositions, but, after a long-continued series of menaces, has at last invaded our feritory and shed the blood of our fellow-citizens on our own soil And again, in his message of December 8, 1846, that ‘we had ample cause of war against Mexico long before the breaking out of hostilities; but even then we forbore to take redress into our own hands until Mexico herself became the aggressor, by invading ou soil in hostile array, and shedding the blood of our citizens Abraham Lincoln, speech before the U.S. House of Representatives, 1847 1. Lincoln’ speech to Congress challenged (A) America’ justification for declaring war against Mexico (B) Americ claim that the Rio Grande River was the official border between the United States and Mexico (C)_ the idea that Texas should be considered United States territory when it had not yet been officially admitted as a state {D) the authority of the president to declare ‘war on a nonhostile nation Which of the following was a reason the Democratic Party supported the Mexican- American War? (A) The potential to gain territory could help fulfill Manifest Destiny. (B) Additional free territory could counterbal- ance the large slave territory established by the Missouri Compromise. (©) ‘the American public was eager and willing to goto war with a neighboring power, (D) A victory could counteract the United States) humiliating defeat in the War of 1812. qe | 1K L281-pbetUys EU sean lava att 1844-1877 Questions 3-6 refer to the map below. 3. The proportion offre and slaves states shown on the map directly led to (A) the passage of the Northwest Ordinance (B) the formation of the Republican Pacty (C) abacklash against Mani Destiny (D) an increase in nativist sentiment 4, Texas was a source of conflict for all of the following reasons EXCEPT its (A) application for annexation (B) disputed borders (©) rejection of the Compromise of 1850 (D) refusal to abide by Mexican laws 1 | 162 FREEDOM AND SLAVERY The Compromise of 1850 and the Kansas Nebraska Act were (A) asource of increased sectional conflict in the antebellum years (B)_ an example of tensions resolved by the Dred Scott case (©) adirect cause of US, entry into the Mexican American War (D) a catalyst for greater political party unity Opponents of the Kansas-Nebraska Act most likely supported (A) an extension of the Missouri Compromise (B) a free-soil position (©) expansion of slavery (D) annexation of additional territoryQuestions 7-10 refer to the excerpt below. “Disloyalty, of any kind was a punishable offense Gries Period 5: 1844-1877 Ifa newspaper promulgated disloyal sentiments, the paper was suppressed and the editor imprisoned. If clergyman was disloyal in prayer or sermon, or if he filed to utter a prescribed prayer, he was liable to be tzeated in the same manner, and was sometimes so treated. A ledgned and eloquent Lutherarfélergyman came to mépr advice because he had béfn summoned ‘before the provost marshal for saying that nation which incurred a heavy debt in the prosecution of war laid violent Hinds on the harvests of the Mture; but his offense w$ condoned, because it appelKed that he had referred to the “Thisty Years’ War’ and had made no direct reference to the debt ofthe Unied States, and perhaps a better reason—that he fad strong Republican {Mends among his consrewt fa” George WilliMh Brown, Mayor of Baltimde, Baltimore and the NMetcenth of April, 1861: A SMdy ofthe War 7. The situation described inthe excerpt mbst clearly relate to (A)_ Reconstruction plans by Radical Republicans {B) religious tolerance in the mid-nineteenth century (C) Republican support for the Confederate (D) Union concern over the allegiance of the border states 8. The controversy highlighted in the passage above most directly led to {A) widespread civilian protests over religious freedom (B) the issuance of the Emancipation Proclamation (©) theestablishment of martial law in the border states (D) collaboration between Northern Democrats and Republicans All of e following plans for Recofstruction included the requirement ofa loyalty oath EXCEPT (A) the Military Reconstruction Acts (B) Lincoln's Ten Percent Plan (C) the Wade-Davis Bill (D) Johnson's Reconstruction plan |. The excerpt most clearly reflects which of the following themes present throughout the history of the United States? (A) Tensions between liberty and authority, (B)_ Changing relationships among the branches of the federal government (C) Competition for teritory and resources (D) Expansion of religious freedom and toleration 163 | IC Lith