Metal matrix composites (MMCs)

 Improve properties including high specific strength, specific modulus, damping capacity, and
good wear resistance compared to unreinforced alloy.

Classification of metal matrix composite

 Composite with metal phase

o Dispersion hardened and particle composite
o Layer composite (laminate)
o Fiber composite
o Infiltration composite

Reinforcement of metal matrix composite have a manifold demand profile such as

 Low density
 Mechanical compatibility
 Thermal stability
 High Young`s modulus
 High compression and tensile strength
 Good process ability
 Economic efficiency

Application

 Partial short fibre reinforce light metal diesel piston

 Cast brake disk particle of reinforce aluminium
 Drive shaft particle of reinforced aluminium for passengers car
 Disk brake calliper

Most important MMCs system

 Aluminium matrix
 Continuous fibers: boron silicon carbide, alumina graphite
 Discontinuous fibers: alumina, alumina-silica
 Whiskers: silicon carbide
 Particulates: silicon carbide, boron carbide
 Magnesium matrix
 Copper matrix

Advantages
High temperature capability
Fire resistance
No moisture absorption
Higher electrical and thermal conductivities
Better radiation resistance
Higher transverse stiffness and strength
Disadvantages
Higher cost of some material systems
Relatively immature technology
Complex fabrication method for fibre
reinforced system
Carbon nanotube (CNT)

Properties

 CNTs have High Electrical Conductivity

 CNTs have Very High Tensile Strength
 CNTs are Very Elastic ~18% elongation to failure
 CNTs have High Thermal Conductivity
 CNTs have a Low Thermal Expansion Coefficient
 CNTs are Good Electron Field Emitters
 CNTs are Highly Flexible- can be bent considerably without damage

Application of carbon nanotube

 Electrical circuit
 CNTs Thermal Conductivity
 CNTs Air & Water Filtration
 CNTs Biomedical Applications
 Molecular Electronics based on CNTs
 CNTs Energy Storage
 CNTs Fibers & Fabrics
 Electrical cable and wires

Graphene

 crystal lattice (another name for a solid's internal, crystalline structure): lots of atoms
arranged in a regular, endlessly repeating, three-dimensional structure a bit like an atomic
climbing frame, only instead of bars there are invisible bonds between the atoms that hold
them together

Properties

 High strength and stiffness

 High electrical conductivity
 Electronic property
 Optical properties: transparency
 High thermal conductivity

Application

 Solar
 LCDs
 Computer chips
 Touchscreen
Piezoelectric material

 Piezoelectricity (also called the piezoelectric effect) is the appearance of an electrical

potential (a voltage, in other words) across the sides of a crystal when you subject it to
mechanical stress (by squeezing it).

Properties

 Physical properties
 Electrical properties

Application

 In Ultrasound equipment
 In microphone
 In a quartz clock or watch
 in spark lighters for gas stoves and barbecues

shape memory alloy