CHEM 4500: Material covered for Exam III

As a general rule, words in bold in the text are important. Know the meanings of these words.

Chapter 7

Section 7.1 Oxygen Binding to Myoglobin and Hemoglobin. Know key features (contains heme, has single
polypeptide chain, heme has Fe (II), etc.) of myoglobin. Be able to sketch an oxygen binding curve for myoglobin.
Know how many and what type of subunits hemoglobin has. Know about structural transitions upon oxygen
binding in very general terms. Be able to sketch an oxygen binding curve for hemoglobin and compare it to a
binding curve for myoglobin. Know in general terms the nature of the events occurring as shown in Fig. 7-8, Fig. 7-
9, and Fig. 7-10. Know what the Bohr effect is and how and why it occurs. Know effects of BPG. Know features of
symmetry and sequential models of allosterism. Be generally familiar with abnormal hemoglobins, noting the
specifics of the aggregation of sickle-cell hemoglobin.

Section 7.2 Muscle Contraction. Do not cover this section.

Section 7.3 Antibodies. Do not cover this section.

Chapter 8

Section 8.1 Monosaccharides. Know ways in which monosaccharides are classified (aldose vs. ketose, no. of
carbons, stereoisomers, etc.). Know structure of D-glucose in Fischer projection and Haworth projection forms.
Know cyclization reaction for glucose (Fig. 8-3). Know what anomers are. Know the different types of sugar
derivatives and specifically know the general form of the reaction of glycoside formation.

Section 8.2 Polysaccharides. Know the ways polysaccharides are classified. Know what lactose and sucrose are
(i.e., which sugars are involved and what type of linkage joins them, but don’t worry about structures). Know
composition of cellulose, amylose, amylopectin, and starch (know types of sugars involved and linkages joining
them). Know characteristics of GAG’s as listed at top of pg. 232.

Section 8.3 Glycoproteins. Know two types of oligosaccharides involved in glycosylated proteins (both way in
which they are attached to protein as well as differences in how they are synthesized).