BLOWER POWER

0.5ft3
 Lower pressure air agitation, approximately minute or cfm of air is supplied at
2 lbs.
about per can.
inch2

 Volume flow of air

0.5 cfm 0.5 cfm 100 ft3

= Vair = (number of cans) = (200 cans) =
can can minute

100 ft3
Vair =
minute

 Air power

2 lbs. 144 m2 100ft3

( inch2 )( ft3 )(minute )
Air Power = = 33000ft. *lb = 0.8727 HP
HP*min.

Air Power = 0.8727 HP

 Assuming blown efficiency of 90%

Power output of the blower Air Power

Blown Efficiency = Power input of the blower = Brake Horse Power(BHP) =

0.8727
0.9 = BHP

BHP = 0.9697 HP =
Standard size = 1.5 HP
 Pipe Sizing
Pipe sizing (the internal diameter is schedule 40)

 For suction line

Pipe size = 4’’ = 101.6 mm
 Use 100 mm
 Outer diameter of the pipe = 114.3 mm
 Internal diameter = 102.3 mm

 For discharge line

Pipe size = 3’’ = 76.2mm
 Use 75 mm
 Outer diameter of the pipe = 88.9 mm
 Internal diameter = 77.92 mm

 Liquid line
Pipe size = 2’’ = 50.8mm
 Use 50 mm
 Outer diameter of the pipe = 60.33 mm
 Internal diameter = 52.51 mm
 DESIGN OF COMPRESSOR
Design conditions: (water jacketed compressor)
 QPT = 16.7475 tons of refrigeration (solved) = 58.8843 KW
 Refrigerant = NH3 (ammonia)
 Condenser temperature = 35°C
 Discharge temperature = 103°C (solved)
 Polytrophic constant, (n) = 1.2 for NH3
 Percentage clearance, (c) = 5%
 Bore and stroke ratio = 1.0
 Number of cylinder = 2 cylinder (single acting)

Properties:
NOTE: (from the book of Refrigeration and Air Conditioning by. Stoecker and Jones)

3 2
P2 = 1352.2 KPa

T2

4 P1 = 237.09 KPa 35°C

1

-15°C
H
P-H Diagram
 Conversion factors:

1 bar = 100 KPa

1000 L = 1 m3
1 tons of refrigeration = 3.516 KW

Interpolate:
T1, °C P1, KPa KJ KJ m3
h1 = hg, S1 = S2, V1 = Vg,
kg kg * K kg
-16°C 227.04 1442.6 5.842 0.528257
-15°C 237.09 1443.9 5.8273 0.508013
-14°C 247.14 1445.2 5.8125 0.487769

Pressure:
P2 = 1352.2 KPa
P1 = 237.09 KPa

1443.9KJ
h1 =
kg

S1 = S2 at -15°C

5.8273KJ 5.8273KJ
S1 = = S2 =
kg * K kg * K
 h2 is a function of S2 and pressure at 35°C
(at superheated graph of ammonia)
(OBTAIN FROM THE BOOK AT Fig.A-1, Page 433)

1685KJ
h2 =
kg

h3 = h4 at hf of 35°C

366.072KJ
h3= h4 =
kg

V1 = Vg at temperature -15°C = specific volume

0.508013m 3
V1 = = Vg
kg

Temperature 2 = T2

5.8273KJ
T2 is a function of entropy S1 = S2 = and pressure at 35°C
kg * K

(at superheated graph of ammonnia)

(OBTAIN FROM THE BOOK AT Fig.A-1, Page 433)

T2 = discharge temperature = 103°C

 A. Solve for mass flow rate of refrigerant, MR

QA = MR (h1-h4)

QA= QPT = 16.7475 tons of refrigeration = 58.8843 KW

58.8843KJ
QA second
MR = ( h -h ) = 1443.9KJ 366.072KJ
1 4
-
kg kg

0.0546 kg
MR =
second

B. Solve for heat rejected to compress cooling water, QW

𝑛−1
𝑛 𝑃2 𝑛
QW ={( ) (𝑃1 )(𝑉1 ) [( ) − 1] − [(ℎ2 − ℎ1 )]} {𝑀𝑅 }
𝑛−1 𝑃1

where: n = 1.2

1.2−1
1.2 0.508013𝑚3 1352.2𝐾𝑃𝑎 1.2
QW = {( ) (237.09𝐾𝑃𝑎) ( ) [( ) − 1] − [(1685 −
1.2−1 𝑘𝑔 237.09𝐾𝑃𝑎

𝐾𝐽 0.0546𝑘𝑔
1443.9)] ( )} { }
𝑘𝑔 𝑠𝑒𝑐.

0.1198KJ
QW =
sec.

QW = 0.1198 KW

C. Solve for mass flow rate of water, MW

 QW = MW(H2O)cpH2O≜TH2O

  TH2O = temperature difference between inlet and outlet of water (5°F to 8°F)
 Use 5°F = 5°C (note: it is a change in temperature)`

4.1866KJ
; cpH2O= specific heat of water is ( )
kg * K

0.1198KJ
QW second
MW(H2O) = =
cp H2OΔTH2O 4.1866KJ
(5K)
kg * K

5.7237  103 kg
MW(H2O) =
second

D. Solve for the work of compression, WC

WC = QW + MR(NH3) (h2 – h1)

0.1198KJ 0.0546kg 1685KJ 1443.9KJ
= + ( - )
sec. sec ond kg kg

13.2839KJ
WC =
second
E. Solve for the actual compressor power, Pc
WC
Pc = ; Standard compressor efficiency ranges (75% to 80%)
EC

13.2839KJ
= sec ond
0 .8
= 16.6048KW

Conversion
factor:
1HP = .746 KW

Pc = 16.6048KW= BRAKE POWER = 20.26 HP

AT STANDARD = 20 HP
 COMPRESSOR DIMENSION

; VF = VG at temperature 1 (-5° C)
1
P2 1.2
NVA = 1 + c - c ( )
P1

where; c = 0.05

1352.2KPa 1
= 1+ 0.05 - 0.05( )1.2
237.09KPa
; use 5% as the clearance

NVA = 83.67%

F. Solve for the piston displacement (P.D.)

VF
NVA =
P.D.

VF
P.D.= ; P.D. = piston displacement,
N VA

where VF = (VG at -15°C) (mass flow rate of refrigerant)

VF = (VG ) (MR)

0.508013m3 0.0546kg
( )
kg second
=
0.8367

0.0332m 3
P.D.=
second
G. Solve for the diameter of the bore (D) and stroke (L) of the compressor;
 2 D
P.D.= (D )(L)(number of cylinders)(Nrpm) ; = 1.0 , so D = L
4 L
 3
P.D.= (D )(number of cylinders)( (Nrpm)
4

3 𝑃.𝐷
D= √𝜋(𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑐𝑦𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑑𝑒𝑟𝑠)( 𝑁𝑟𝑝𝑚
4 60 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑
)

𝑃.𝐷
= 3√𝜋 𝑁𝑟𝑝𝑚
(𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑐𝑦𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑑𝑒𝑟𝑠)(
4 60 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑
)

 N = 1200 rpm
 Number of cylinders = 2 cylinders
0.0332m 3
 Piston Displacement (P.D.) =
second

0.0332m 3
D= sec ond
3 1200rev

(2)( min ute )
4 60 sec onds

D = 0.1019m = 101.9mm = 4.0118 inches

D = L = 4.0118 inches; approximately 4 inches