PROTEIN SYNTHESIS

TRANSCRIPTION &
TRANSLATION
• Protein synthesis is a process of
creating protein molecules.

• It involves two processes:

1. Transcription
2. Translation
 1. Transcription
• The information encoded in a specific region
of DNA is transcribed (copied) to produce a
specific molecule of RNA (ribonucleic acid).

2. Translation
• The RNA attaches to a ribosome, where the
information contained in RNA is translated into
a corresponding sequence of amino acids to
form a new protein molecule.
• Transcription occurs in
the nucleus.
• Translation occurs in the
cytoplasm.
 Translation
2. Large and small
ribosomal subunits 3. Anticodon of
1. Initiator join to form a incoming tRNA
tRNA functional pairs with next
attaches to a ribosome and mRNA codon
initiator tRNA fits beside initiator
start codon. into position on tRNA.
the ribosome.

5. tRNA leaves the

6. Protein synthesis ribosome; 4. Amino acid on
stops when the ribosome shifts by initiator tRNA
ribosome reaches one codon; tRNA forms a peptide
stop codon on binds to newly bond with amino
mRNA. exposed codon; acid beside it.
steps 3–5 repeat.
 Protein
elongation
and
termination
of protein
synthesis
during
translation
THANK YOU