Parte 1
Parte 1
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MANUAL DE PSICOGERIATRIA PARA MEDICOS
Patologia molecular del
envejecimiento cerebral
Generalidades
Existen muchas formas de explicar el envejecimiento. Las teorias mecanicistas se basan en la acumu-
lacion de errores moleculares que disminuyen la capacidad de supervivencia y reparacién celular.
También existen teorias evolutivas, que dan va or alla seleccién natural, en donde es mésimportante
cl Exto reproductivo ala longevidad posterior. En la etapa reproductiva se produce un desgaste y
activacién de genes, los cuales dan lugara la aparicién de enfermedades y porlotanto envejecimiento
Lateoria de ta determinacién genética, indica que envejecimiento est programado en el material
genético, funcionando como un reloj biolégico, pone limite a la vida de cada organismo
Se han encontrado diversos causantes de errores moleculares, sin embargo los radicales libres son
los que tienen mayor soporte experimental. Estos,
lo que lo vuelve inestable, por su capacidad de cami
Son obtenidos en cualquier proceso celular y tra
‘otros mecanismos.
son moléculas de oxigeno con un electrén libre,
ibiar electrones con otras moléculas o elementos.
sformados en moléculas mas estables mediante
Cuando este equilibrio se pierde, el exceso deradicales dafia el ADN, provocando mutaciones.
Los efectos de las especias reactivas de oxigero dafan alas proteinas oxidando las cadenas laterales
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