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ForumIAS CA - P2
Classes by damodaran@forumias.academy
READERS NOTE: It is a supplementary study material for the Classroom program

MULTILATERAL ORGANISATIONS

1. GULF COOPERATION COUNCIL (GCC)


a. It is a political and economic alliance of Kuwait, Oman, Bahrain, Qatar, Saudi Arabia and
UAE.
b. Headquarters: Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

2. ARAB LEAGUE
a. It is a voluntary regional organization of Arab countries with an objective to strengthen
ties among member states, coordinate their policies and direct them towards a common
good.
b. Formed in 1945 with HQ at Cairo, Egypt
c. Founding members: Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Lebanon, Saudi Arabia, and Syria
d. Syria is currently suspended

3. ARCTIC COUNCIL
a. It was established in 1966, as an intergovernmental forum promoting cooperation,
coordination and interaction among the Arctic States.
b. Member states: Canada, the Kingdom of Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, Russia,
Sweden and the United States.
c. India is an observer state

4. ASEAN
a. The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) is a political and economic
organisation of ten Southeast Asian countries
b. Objective: Economic, Political, Security, Educational and Socio-cultural integration
amongst its members and Asian states
c. It was formed on 8 August 1967 by Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, and
Thailand
d. Later the membership has expanded to include Brunei, Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar and
Vietnam.
e. 2018 summit: Singapore
f. "ASEAN Plus Three" includes China, Japan, and South Korea.
g. DELHI DIALOGUE is an an annual forum of ASEAN and India
h. The ASEAN-India Free Trade Area agreement entered into force in 2015
i. ASEAN DEFENCE MINISTERS' MEETING (ADMM) - It is the highest defence consultative
and cooperative mechanism in ASEAN. It comprises ASEAN nations plus Australia, China,
India, Japan, New Zealand, Republic of Korea, Russia, and the United States on a
biannual basis
j. ASEAN-INDIA CENTRE (AIC) - It undertakes policy research, advocacy and networking
activities with organizations and think-tanks in India and ASEAN with the aim to
promote the ASEAN-India Strategic Partnership
k. EXPANDED ASEAN MARITIME FORUM (EAMF) - It is an avenue for track 1.5 diplomacy

5. EAS
a. East Asian Summit with 18 members.
b. The aim is Strategic dialogue and cooperation on key challenges facing the East Asian
region

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c. The membership of EAS consists of ten ASEAN Member States, Australia, China, India,
Japan, New Zealand, Republic of Korea, Russian Federation and the USA
d. EAS is an initiative of ASEAN.
e. India is a member of the forum

6. ARF - ASEAN REGIONAL FORUM


a. It is a dialogue platform between the Foreign Ministers of ASEAN and its full dialogue
partners.
b. The objective is to provide diplomatic solutions to regional problems
c. India participates in the ARF

7. APEC
a. Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation.
b. It is a forum for facilitating growth, cooperation, trade and investment in the Asia Pacific
region.
c. APEC comprises of 21 member countries. They are Australia, Brunei Darussalam,
Canada, China, Chile, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, Mexico, New Zealand,
Papua New Guinea, Peru Philippines, Russia, Singapore, South Korea, Thailand, Taiwan,
Vietnam and United States.
d. India is an Observer in APEC since 2011 and has applied for its membership.
e. HQ : Singapore

8. RCEP (REGIONAL COMPREHENSIVE ECONOMIC PARTNERSHIP)


a. It is a proposed regional trade block among ASEAN plus Six countries, ASEAN, China,
Japan, S Korea, Australia, New Zealand and India.
b. After years of several rounds of negotiations, first RCEP summit held in Manila,
Philippines in Nov, 2017.

9. AMER
a. Asian Ministerial Energy Roundtable (AMER7)(7th meeting)
b. It is a biennial event bringing together Energy Ministers and experts from Asian
countries.
c. Promoted by International Energy Forum (IEF).

10. SHANGHAI COOPERATION ORGANISATION (SCO)


a. The SCO Summit took place in Astana, Kazakhstan on 2017
b. India and Pakistan inducted as full members of the SCO in the Astana Summit in
Kazakhstan
c. Its objective is to jointly preserve and safeguard regional peace, security and stability.
d. Other members are Russia, China, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan
e. Observers: Afghanistan, Belarus, Iran, and Mongolia

11. SHANGRI-LA DIALOGUE


a. It is a Track One inter-governmental security forum held annually in Singapore.
b. It is Asia’s largest security forum, also called as the IISS Asia Security Summit.
c. It is attended by defence ministers, permanent heads of ministries and military chiefs of
28 Asia-Pacific states.
d. It was launched in 2002 by the Singaporean government and London based
International Institute for Strategic Studies (IISS).

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12. QUAD (QUADRILATERAL SECURITY DIALOGUE)


a. It is an informal strategic grouping of 4 countries viz., India, the USA, Japan, Australia
b. Initially conceived in 2007 but revived recently as response to increased Chinese
economic and military assertiveness through Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) and South
China Sea policy
c. Japan chaired the first dialogue which held on the sidelines of the 12th East Asia Summit
in Philippines.

13. BRICS
a. Members - Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa.
b. First summit was held at Yekaterinburg in 2009.
c. South Africa joined in 2010
d. eThekwini Declaration in 2013 declared creation of New Development Bank (NDB),
Contingent Reserve Arrangement (CRA),
e. 2014, Fortaleza declaration, the countries pledged $100 billion seed fund for the NDB
and CRA.
f. 9th BRICS Summit 2017 was held in Xiamen, China
g. Theme: Stronger Partnership for a Brighter Future
h. The10th summit will be held in Johannesburg, South Africa
i. COOPERATION MEMORANDUM RELATING TO CREDIT RATINGS
i. It enables sharing of credit ratings amongst BRICS member banks, based on
request received from another bank.
ii. It serves as ideal mechanism to mitigate credit risks associated with cross-
border financing
iii. It could also serve as precursor to the proposal of having an alternate rating
agency by BRICS nations.
j. INTERBANK LOCAL CURRENCY CREDIT LINE AGREEMENT
i. It is a framework mechanism to extend credit lines in local currencies to the
BRICS’ Interbank Cooperation Mechanism (ICM) members.

14. FORUM FOR INDIA PACIFIC ISLANDS CO-OPERATION (FIPIC)


a. It is a multinational grouping developed in 2014 for cooperation between India and 14
Pacific Islands nations.
b. The first meet of these countries was held in Suva, Fiji in November 2014 and FIPIC-II
summit held in August 2015, in Jaipur, India

15. MEKONG-GANGA COOPERATION (MGC)


a. Recently 8th Mekong Ganga Cooperation Ministerial Meeting was held in Manila,
Philippines
b. The leaders have shared the concept notes on formation of task forces on maritime
connectivity and extension of India-Myanmar-Thailand trilateral highway into
Cambodia, Laos and Vietnam
c. MGC was launched in 2000 at Vientiane, Laos.
d. Members: India, Myanmar, Thailand, Cambodia, Laos and Vietnam.

16. SAARC
a. NATIONAL KNOWLEDGE NETWORK (NKN) - It is a state-of-the-art multi-gigabit pan-
Indian resource sharing network aimed at digitally connecting all national universities,
colleges and research establishments.

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b. This project was launched in 2010 for a period of 10 years.


c. National Informatics Centre (NIC) as the implementing agency.
d. Recently, India has excluded Pakistan from the list of SAARC member countries with
which it will be connecting its National Knowledge Network (NKN)
e. SOUTH ASIA SATELLITE - Launched by India for South Asian Association for Regional
Cooperation (SAARC) region
f. All SAARC countries viz., Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, Afghanistan, Sri Lanka and
Maldives except Pakistan joined to use its services

17. BIMSTEC
a. It is a sub-regional grouping comprising of seven countries of South Asia and South East
Asia
b. Members: Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Myanmar and Thailand.
c. It was established as BIST-EC on 6 June 1997 through the Bangkok Declaration.
d. The 15th edition of Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic
Cooperation (BIMSTEC) ministerial meeting was held in Kathmandu, Nepal
e. BIMSTEC DMEX-2017 - The first BIMSTEC Disaster Management exercise held in New
Delhi, India in October 2017
f. BITFM - The first meeting of BIMSTEC Task Force on Traditional Medicine (BITFM) was
held in New Delhi. It was organized by Union Ministry of AYUSH.
g. BODHI PARVA: BIMSTEC FESTIVAL OF BUDDHIST HERITAGE - It was inaugurated in New
Delhi on December 08, 2017.

18. IBSA
a. 8th IBSA Trilateral ministerial Commission was organized at Durban, South Africa
b. The Ministers of Foreign Affairs of the three countries signed an agreement to renew
and ensure the continuity of their contributions to India, Brazil and South Africa Facility
for Poverty and Hunger Alleviation (IBSA Fund)
c. The fund is managed by the United Nations Office for South-South Cooperation
(UNOSSC)

19. MERCOSUR
a. Mercosur is a sub-regional block of South American countries with an objective to
promote free trade and the fluid movement of goods, people, and currency.
b. HQ: Montevideo (Uruguay).
c. The Mercosur economic bloc has suspended Venezuela for violating the bloc’s
democratic principles and failing to meet its basic standards.
d. Members are Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay

FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS
20. AFRICAN DEVELOPMENT BANK (AFDB)
a. Prime Minister of India has inaugurated the 52nd Annual General Meeting (AGM) of the
African Development Bank (AFDB) in Gandhinagar.
b. This is the first time that India is hosting the annual meetings of the AFDB
c. It is also known as Banque Africaine de Development (BAD)

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d. Mission is to fight poverty and improve living conditions of the people of African
continent by promoting investment in government and private capital in development
projects

21. G-7
a. The Group of Seven (G7) annual meeting took place at Taormina, Italy
b. It is an informal bloc of industrialized democracies - Canada, France, Germany, Italy,
Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States
c. Canada, Russia joined later and Russia was suspended due to Crimean crisis

22. G-20 SUMMIT


a. The annual meeting of G-20 was held in July 7-8, 2017 at Hamburg, Germany.
b. Hamburg Action Plan: It aims to address major global challenges including climate
change, harnessing digitalisation and to contribute to prosperity and well-being
c. It comprises total 19 countries plus the European Union (EU) - Australia, Argentina,
Brazil, Canada, China, India, France, Germany, Indonesia, Italy, Japan, South Korea,
Mexico, Saudi Arabia, Russia, Turkey, South Africa, UK, US and EU.

TRADE, CONNECTIVITY & ENERGY


23. BBIN - BANGLADESH, BHUTAN, INDIA, NEPAL (BBIN) INITIATIVE
a. The aim to facilitate movement of vehicles in each other’s territory
b. Bhutan recently announced that it is unable to proceed with the Motor Vehicles
Agreement with Bangladesh, India and Nepal

24. SOUTH ASIAN SUB-REGIONAL ECONOMIC COOPERATION (SASEC)


a. It comprises 7 countries viz., India, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Maldives, Nepal, Sri Lanka and
Myanmar and formed in 2001
b. It is project-based partnership that aims to promote regional prosperity, improve
economic opportunities, and build a better quality of life for the people of the sub-
region.
c. ADB has been providing technical, advisory, and financial support to it as part of its
assistance to the south Asia sub-regional economic cooperation (SASEC) programme
d. SASEC ROAD CONNECTIVITY INVESTMENT PROGRAM (SRICP)- it is a strategic initiative
that aims to achieve regional integration among the members of the SASEC group by
improving road connectivity

25. TAPI GAS PIPELINE


a. It is a proposed trans-country natural gas pipeline from Caspian Sea, Turkmenistan to
India through Afghanistan and Pakistan
b. It is supported by the Asian Development Bank (ADB).
c. The pipeline begins from Turkmenistan’s Galkynysh field.

26. GLOBAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP SUMMIT 2017 (GES)


a. Held in Hyderabad.
b. Organised by NITI Aayog in partnership with the USA.
c. It provides a link between government and private sector to foster investment and
growth.

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27. EUROPEAN BANK FOR RECONSTRUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT (EBRD)


a. It is an international financial institution founded in 1991.
b. Headquarters –London
c. Recently Union cabinet approved India’s membership for EBRD.
d. Reports - Regional Economic Prospects Update, Transition Report.

NUCLEAR TREATIES

28. WASSENAAR ARRANGEMENT (WA)


a. India admitted as 42nd member of the Wassenaar Arrangement.
b. The Wassenaar Arrangement on Export Controls for Conventional Arms and Dual-Use
Goods and Technologies
c. It is a multilateral export control regime (MECR).
d. It was established in 1996 and Headquartered in Vienna, Austria.
e. All permanent members of UNSC except China are its members.

29. AUSTRALIA GROUP


a. It is multilateral export control regime (MECR) and informal group that works to reduce
the spread of chemical and biological weapons
b. It was established in 1985, in response to use of chemical weapons by Iraq in
c. India became member very recently.
d. China, Pakistan, Iran, North Korea are not its members.

30. NUCLEAR SUPPLIERS GROUP


a. Also called London Club or London Group because of its first meeting in London
b. It is a group of 48 nuclear supplier countries to frame and implements rules for
exporting nuclear equipment, with a view to control the spread of nuclear weapons
c. Formed in response to the nuclear tests of India in 1974
d. Decisions of the group are made on the basis of consensus
e. India, Pakistan are not members of this group while China is a member.

31. MISSILE TECHNOLOGY CONTROL REGIME


a. It is a voluntary and informal partnership among 35 countries
b. Setup in 1987 by the G7 countries to prevent the proliferation of missile and unmanned
aerial vehicle technology capable of carrying above 500kg payload for more than 300 km
c. It does not impose legally binding obligations over its member countries.
d. Decisions of the group are made on the basis of consensus.
e. India is a member of this group but China, Pakistan are not its members.

32. NUCLEAR WEAPON PROHIBITION TREATY (NWPT)


a. The United Nations has adopted a historic global treaty banning nuclear weapons
b. The new treaty outlaws the entire range of activity relating to the production,
stockpiling and use of nuclear weapon
c. The most central provision is Article 1(d) which categorically prohibits the use of nuclear
weapons or a threat to that effect, under all circumstances
d. India and other nuclear-armed nations: the United States, Russia, Britain, China, France,
Pakistan, North Korea and Israel had not participated in the negotiations.

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33. INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY


a. It is an international organization that seeks to promote peaceful use of nuclear energy,
and to inhibit its use for any military purposes, including nuclear weapons
b. It was established as an autonomous organization in 1957through its own international
treaty, the IAEA Statute
c. It is independent of the United Nations but reports to both the United Nations General
Assembly (UNGA) and Security Council (UNSC).

34. CHEMICAL WEAPONS CONVENTION (CWC)


a. Its formal name is Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production,
stockpiling and Use of Chemical Weapons and on their Destruction.
b. t is a multilateral treaty that bans chemical weapons and requires their destruction
within a specified period of time
c. It is alegally binding international Convention.
d. It is implemented by the Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW)
e. Egypt, North Korea, Palestine and Sudan are the only countries that have not signed to
the convention.
f. Israel has signed it but not ratified it.
g. India is a signatory to CWC since 1993.
h. ORGANISATION FOR THE PROHIBITION OF CHEMICAL WEAPONS (OPCW)- The
organisation promotes, administers and verifies the adherence to the CWC. It was
awarded Nobel Peace Prize in 2013

35. URANIUM BANK


a. Recently, International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) has opened a uranium bank for Low
Enriched Uranium (LEU).
b. In Oskemen city of Kazakhstan.
c. Its objectives include, providing last resort source of LEU for IAEA members in case of
emergency, to discourage new nations from enriching the nuclear fuel, peaceful use of
atomic energy etc.

OTHER ORGNISATIONS
36. INTERNATIONAL MARITIME ORGANISATION (IMO)
a. India has been re-elected to the Council of the IMO)
b. IMO is a specialised agency of the United Nations with responsibility for the safety and
security of shipping and the prevention of marine pollution by ships
c. Headquarters: London.

37. PERMANENT STRUCTURED COOPERATION ON DEFENCE (PESCO)


a. European Union adopted the decision to establish a European Union defence pact
named PESCO.
b. Its participation remains voluntary in the sense that integration does not require that all
EU member states participate, decision-making will remain in the hands of participating
Member States.

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38. INDIA-UN DEVELOPMENT PARTNERSHIP FUND


a. The fund was set up as partnership between India and the United Nations Office for
South-South Cooperation (UNOSSC) on 9 June 2017 i.e. on occasion of the World
Oceans Day.
b. It aims to support Southern-owned and led, demand-driven and transformational
sustainable development projects across developing world.
c. It prioritises sustainable development projects reducing poverty and hunger, improving
health, education and equality, and expanding access to clean water, energy and
livelihoods, particularly in Least Developed Countries (LDCs) and Small Island Developing
States.

39. WORLD HERITAGE COMMITTEE (WHC)


a. The 41st session of UNESCO World Heritage Committee held in Krakow, Poland in 2017.
b. It included 3 new natural sites, 18 new cultural sites in the list
c. From India, historic city of Ahmedabad has been included in the cultural list UNESCO
d. It is a specialized agency of the UN, founded on 16 November 1945.
e. Its purpose is to contribute to peace and security by promoting international
collaboration through education, science and culture in order to further universal
respect for justice, the rule of law and human rights along with fundamental freedom.

40. UNITED NATIONS SECURITY COUNCIL (UNSC)


a. The United Nations Security Council (UNSC) is one of the six principal organs of the
United Nations
b. Composition – Total 15 members: 5 permanent members with Veto powers + 10 elected
(by UNGA) non-permanent members with 2 year term.
c. Permanent Five (P5) countries – the USA, the UK, Russia, France, China.

41. INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE (ICJ)


a. Justice Dalveer Bhandari (India) was re-elected as the judge of International Court of
Justice (ICJ).
a. He is the fourth Indian judge to be elected to the ICJ after B.N. Rau, Nagendra Singh and
R.S Pathak
b. This is the first time in the 70-year history of the United Nations that the U.K. has No
representation among the panel of judges of ICJ
c. To get elected the candidate must get majority in both UNGA and UNSC.
d. The ICJ, established in 1945, is the principal judicial organ of the United Nations (UN).
e. The seat of the Court is at the Peace Palace in The Hague (Netherlands).
f. Of the six principal organs of the United Nations, it is the only one not located in New
York (USA).

42. UNESCO
a. Established in1945
b. It is a specialized agency of the United Nations.
c. Its predecessor was International Committee on Intellectual Co-operation (ICIC) which
was created in January 1922.
d. Objective: Contribute to peace and security by promoting international collaboration
through education, science, and culture.

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e. UNESCO World Heritage Sites: UNESCO also encourages the identification, protection,
and preservation of cultural and natural heritage around the world considered to be of
outstanding value to humanity.
f. The USA, Israel withdrew from UNESCO recently.
g. Recently, Sri Ranganathaswamy Temple in Srirangam in Tamil Nadu has won the
UNESCO Asia Pacific Award of Merit 2017 for cultural heritage conservation.
h. Chennai recently included in UNESCO Creative Cities list, which was created in 2004 to
promote cooperation with and among cities that have identified creativity as a strategic
factor for sustainable urban development.

43. UN GLOBAL COMPACT ON MIGRATION


a. Recently, the US has pulled out of UN Global Compact on Migration.
a. It will be first inter-governmentally negotiated agreement, when adopted in 2018, under
auspices of UN to cover all dimensions of international migration in holistic and
comprehensive manner.
b. The genesis of this compact is in New York Declaration for Refugees and Migrants
adopted in September 2016 by UNGA.

44. GLOBAL PLATFORM FOR DISASTER RISK REDUCTION (GPDRR)


a. The 2017 Global Platform for Disaster Risk Reduction (GPDRR) summit was held in
Cancun, Mexico from May 22- 26, 2017
b. GPDRR is a biennial global forum for strategic advice, coordination, partnership
development and review of progress in the implementation of the Sendai Framework
for Disaster Risk Reduction (SFDRR) 2015-2030
a. It will also provide a platform for all stakeholders to galvanize their efforts in sustainable
development and climate change adaptation, sharing of experiences, discussing
innovative solutions, and charting out the course for an integrated approach at the
international, regional, national and local levels

45. SENDAI FRAMEWORK FOR DISASTER RISK REDUCTION (SFDRR) 2015-2030


a. It was adopted during the third UN World Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction held in
Sendai, Japan in March 2015.
b. It is a 15-year non-binding agreement
c. Its adaptation involves adopting integrated and inclusive institutional measures in order
to work towards preventing vulnerability to disaster.
d. It also seeks to increase preparedness for response and recovery and strengthen
resilience in case of disaster.
e. It says that state has the primary role to reduce disaster risk but that responsibility
should be shared with other stakeholders including local government and the private
sector.
f. It is improved version of the existing Hyogo Framework

NGO

46. INTERNATIONAL ROAD FEDERATION (IRF)


a. The IRF is global non-governmental, not-for-profit organization.
b. Mission: To encourage and promote development and maintenance of better, safer
and more sustainable roads and road networks.
c. Motto: Better Roads. Better World.

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47. OXFAM
a. It is an international confederation of charitable organizations focused on the
alleviation of global poverty

48. THE WHITE HELMETS


a. Officially known as Syria Civil Defence is a volunteer organisation that operates in parts
of rebel-controlled Syria and in Turkey.

49. ACTION AID


a. It is an international non-governmental organization whose primary aim is to work
against poverty and injustice worldwide

50. CARE INTERNATIONAL


a. It is a large humanitarian INGO that is committed to fighting poverty. They take a special
interest in empowering poor women because “women have the power to help whole
families and entire communities escape poverty”

51. TRANSPARENCY INTERNATIONAL


a. It is an INGO whose purpose is to take action to combat corruption and prevent criminal
activities arising from corruption

52. FRIENDS OF PEOPLES CLOSE TO NATURE


a. It is a non-governmental human rights organization that works in the field of indigenous
rights

53. MEDICINE SANS FRONTIERS (MSF)


a. Its also known as Doctors without Borders is an international humanitarian NGO best
known for its projects in war torn regions and developing countries affected by endemic
diseases

54. MERCY CORPS


a. Mercy Corps is a global humanitarian aid agency engaged in transitional environments
that have experienced some sort of shock: natural disaster, economic collapse, or
conflict

55. AMNESTY INTERNATIONAL


a. Amnesty International (commonly known as Amnesty and AI) is a non-governmental
organisation focused on human rights
b. The organisation was awarded the 1977 Nobel Peace Prize

56. HUMAN RIGHTS WATCH


a. Human Rights Watch is a nongovernmental human rights organization

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REBEL GROUPS

57. FARC REBELS


a. It is the oldest and largest left wing guerrilla rebel group of Columbia

58. ISIS
a. ISIS, (also known as Daesh, ISIL or simply Islamic State) is a Jihadist militant group in Iraq
and Syria influenced by the wahabism
b. It aims to establish a caliphate, or Islamic state in Sunni majority regions of Iraq and
Syria

59. LONE WOLF TERRORIST


a. A Lone wolf terrorist is someone who prepares and commits violent acts alone, outside
of any command structure and without material assistance from any group

60. SLEEPER CELLS


a. Sleeper cells are underground groups of terrorists who wait to stage attacks in locations
around the world.
b. Members of sleeper cells are trained and ready to act at their leaders' command, but
their coordination with central command units often varies.

61. BOKO HARAM


a. Nigeria's militant Islamist group Boko Haram

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