UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA

FAKULTI KEJURUTERAAN KIMIA

PROCESS SIMULATION LABORATORY
(CPE613)

NAME :
STUDENT I.D :
EXPERIMENT : SEPARATION OF AMMONIA AND WATER
DATE : 15 MARCH 2016
SEMESTER :
GROUP : EH241
PROGRAM : EH241
SUBMIT TO :

No. Title Allocated Marks (%) Marks

1 Procedure 20
2 Process Flow Diagram (PFD) 20
3 Workbook 30
4 Questions & Discussions 30
TOTAL MARKS 100

Remarks:

Checked by: Rechecked by:

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( ) ( )
Date: Date:
PROCEDURE

1. First, a new ICON project is started by selecting New Project button.

2. Then, a property packaged window will appear:
 All Property Package from the Chemical System Categories is shown at the
window
 Then, the Advanced Peng-Robinson property package for the
Thermodynamic Model is selected.
 Then the selected property packaged is being applied.
3. Then, the Components tab is being clicked to add the component needed for the
reaction.
 The chemical compound used for the reaction is being listed in the system
which consists of Ammonia and Water.
 The applied button was clicked.
4. Then, all the equipment involved in the separation of Ammonia and Water is being
placed correctly before the information given being keyed- in.
5. All the data given is being keyed-in:
 Feed
Pressure : 1724 kPa
Temperature : 143.6 0C
Mass fraction of water : 0.2
Mass fraction of Ammonia : 0.8
Molar flowrate : 4536 kgmole/hr
 Condenser
Outlet heat removed, Q : 1700 Kw
 Valve
Outlet pressure : 1034 kPa
6. The simulation is run by clicking the run button and the value and result for the
system is being automatically calculated.
7. The result obtained is being used for answering the question given.
8. The steps 2-7 are being repeated using Wilson and UNIQUAC model.
PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM

S4-VAPOR_OUT

S1-FEED S2-OUTLET1 S3-OUTLET2

Vlv-1
E-1-CONDENSER

V-1

S5-LIQUID_OUT
WORKBOOK
Streams Summary

Name S1-FEED S2-OUTLET1 S3-OUTLET2 S4-VAPOR_OUT

Description
Upstream Op E-1-CONDENSER.Out Vlv-1.Out V-1.Vap
Downstream Op E-1-CONDENSER.In Vlv-1.In V-1.In
VapFrac 1.00 0.96916 0.97879 1.00
T [C] 143.6 137.5 122.0 122.0
P [kPa] 1724.00 1724.00 1034.00 1034.00
Mole Flow [kmol/h] 4536.00 4536.00 4536.00 4439.80
MassFlow/Composition Fraction kg/h Fraction kg/h Fraction kg/h Fraction kg/h
AMMONIA 0.8000 62483.57 0.8000 62483.57 0.8000 62483.57 0.81416 62192.09
WATER 0.2000 15620.89 0.2000 15620.89 0.2000 15620.89 0.18584 14196.07
Total 1.00 78104.46 1.00 78104.46 1.00 78104.46 1.00 76388.16
Volume Flow [m3/h] 8439.308 8040.314 13380.449 13378.464
Std Liq Volume Flow [m3/h] 117.134 117.134 117.134 115.234
Std Gas Volume Flow [Sm3/d] 2.579E+6 2.579E+6 2.579E+6 2.5243E+6
Energy [W] 1.725E+7 1.555E+7 1.555E+7 1.621E+7
H [kJ/kmol] 13691.4 12342.2 12342.2 13143.3
S [kJ/kmol-K] 182.451 179.186 183.084 184.929
MW 17.22 17.22 17.22 17.21
Mass Density [kg/m3] 9.2548 9.7141 5.8372 5.7098
Cp [kJ/kmol-K] 41.584 43.115 40.913 39.895
Thermal Conductivity [W/m-K] 0.0399 0.0552 0.0479 0.0364
Viscosity [Pa-s] 1.4343E-5 1.5511E-5 1.4571E-5 1.3542E-5
Molar Volume [m3/kmol] 1.861 1.773 2.950 3.013
Z Factor 0.9298 0.8991 0.9310 0.9510
Surface Tension
Speed of Sound
Name S5-LIQUID_OUT
Description
Upstream Op V-1.Liq0
Downstream Op
VapFrac 0.00
T [C] 122.0
P [kPa] 1034.00
Mole Flow [kmol/h] 96.20
MassFlow/Composition Fraction kg/h
AMMONIA 0.16983 291.48
WATER 0.83017 1424.82
Total 1.00 1716.30
Volume Flow [m3/h] 1.985
Std Liq Volume Flow [m3/h] 1.900
Std Gas Volume Flow [Sm3/d] 5.4699E+4
Energy [W] -6.581E+5
H [kJ/kmol] -24627.5
S [kJ/kmol-K] 97.947
MW 17.84
Mass Density [kg/m3] 864.6381
Cp [kJ/kmol-K] 87.876
Thermal Conductivity [W/m-K] 0.5581
Viscosity [Pa-s] 1.6602E-4
Molar Volume [m3/kmol] 0.021
Z Factor 0.0077
Surface Tension
Speed of Sound
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

1) What is the temperature of the outlet stream of the condenser?

Advanced Peng-Robinson : 137.5 oC

2) What are the mass fractions for ammonia and water in the vapor and liquid stream of
the separator?
Advanced Peng-Robinson

Vapor Liquid

Water 0.18584 0.83017

Ammonia 0.81416 0.16983

3) Determine the mass flow rate for each outlet stream of the separator.

Vapor (kg/hr) Liquid(kg/hr)

Advanced Peng-Robinson 76388.16 1716.30

DISCUSSION

The laboratory assessment shows that the separation of ammonia and water by using iCON
simulation software. Advanced Peng-Robinson was used as the Thermodynamic Model for
this simulation. The purpose of this experiment is that to understand the function of
condenser and the valve used for the process, and the separation process as well.

Firstly, the process began after mixture of ammonia and water fed to a condenser at
temperature of 143.6 0C and pressure of 1724 kPa. The flowrate it passing through the
condenser is 4536 kgmole/hr and contain 80 wt% ammonnia and 20 wt% water. then, 1700
kW of heat was removed by using a coller. After that, the pressure of the mixture of the
process was reduced to 1034 kPa by using a controlling valve. The mixture is then fed to a
flash vessel to separate the mixture of ammonia and water.

There are different types of thermodynamics model and it is widely used in industry
especially in processing plant. The thermodynamic models are also known as equation of
state described state of matter in a specific physical condition. Different types of the models
give different types of results as it based on the usage on every different system. The
selection for the suitable thermodynamic model is fundamental to process modelling. The
suitable selection of models will give more accurate results.

Advanced Peng-Robinson is developed from the Peng-Robinson equation of state and it

introduced a flexible attractive temperature dependent term for accurate PVT and saturation
property related to polar compound. From this assessment, the result of the output
temperature and pressure is 122 0C and 1034 kPa. Due to the mixture passing through the
cooler, the temperature dropped from 143.6 0C to 137.5 0C and the pressure reduced from
1724 kPa to 1034 kPa, from the passing through controlling valve. The product is expected
to contains more water than ammonia in liquid stream and vice versa for vapor stream. The
mass fraction of water and ammonia in the output vapour stream is 0.18594 and 0.81416
respectively in outlet vapor stream.
CONCLUSION

As a conclusion, it can be conclude that based on this laboratory assesment, the Advanced
Peng-Robinson model produce highly above moderate of the composition of ammonia and
water in outlet vapor stream. Certain changes can be made to increase the composition of
the separation in between of those two mixtures. The composition for ammonia in outlet
vapor stream for Advanced Peng-Robinson is 0.88251. The controlling valve is used in this
simulation to reduced the pressure and the condenser is used to remove heat and decrease
the temperature of the whole system. The objective of the simulation is completely achieved.