Refer to this version of the passage to answer the questions that follow. Birthi Order demonstrated a correlation between birth order and a ronan banavi, and some psychologists believe that birth order of personality. Psychologist Alfred Adler was a pioneer in ete ye oven birth order and personally. A Key point in hs research De Ee eareeais ten natiaraenel based on it was that it was not the actual numerical 7 _— > — Aconsiderable Body aspects such as temperament ant significantly affec Sit it fed personality; instead, it was the similar responses in large numbers otis to. cident coolio birth order positions that had an effect. For example, first- bors, who have their parents to themselves initially and.do not have to deal with siblings in the first part of their lives, tend to have their first socialization experiences with adults and therefore tend to find the process of peer socialization more difficult. In contrast, later-born children have to deal with siblings from the first moment of their lives and therefore tend to have stronger socialization skills. D> __ Numerous studies since Adler's have been conducted on the effect of birth order and personality. Thése-studies have tenided to classify binh ofder type: Sie Eategories: first-born, second-born and/or middle, last, and only child. Studies have consistently shown that first-born children tend to exhibit similar positive and negative personality fraits, First-borns have consistently been linked with academic achieverient in various studies; in one study, the number of National Merit scholarship winners who are first-borns was found to be equal to the number of second- ! Ba Hote sie a] Inferior to the older child or children because it is difficult fe them to comprehend that their | lower level of achievement is a function of age rather than ability, rethay eae ty to succeed ota oes than those in wich their older sibling or siblings I. More trusting, Sécepting, and focused on others than the more sattcontred frst-boms, and they tend to have a comparatively higher level or success in eats han do frst-boms or ony children, who more often extel in individual sports. El] hiss say cld isthe one who tends to be the eternal baby of the family and thusQuestions +4. The word “Baan paragraph 1 could best be replaced bi ® corpse © amount © organization © skeleton 2, What Is stated in paragraph 1 about Adler? ® He was one of the fist to study the tffect of birth order on personality. @ He believed that it was the actual bith order that affected personality ‘© He had found that the responses by family members had ite to do with personality. @ He was the only one to study birth order. 8 paragraph 2 in order to ® announce what ideas will be presented in the following paragraphs ® show how other studies differed from ‘Adler's © explain how Adler classified his work © describe the various ways that different studies have categorized birth order groups 4. The word “ffi” in paragraph 3 Is closest in meaning to @ stresses © marks © characteristics © fears 316 MINL-TEST 2: Reading ‘5. Which of tho sentences below best expresses the essential Information in the highlighted sentence in paragraph 3? Incorrect choices change the meaning in Important ways or leave out essential information. @® Inspite of cortain characteristics that first-borns possess, many of them become leaders. © An Interesting fact that is difficult to ‘explain is that many first-borns have served in high government positions. © Because first-borns tend to be very ‘assertive, they are uncomfortable serving in government positions. © Several examples support the idea that first-borns have characteristics that make them leaders. 6. The word “EESEpTG" In paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to @ tolerant © affectionate © admissible © respectable Look at the four squares [Bl] that indicate where the following sentence could be added to paragraph 4. ‘Thus, second-borns tend to be better at soccer, football, volleyball, and baseball than at tennis, diving, gymnastics, or archery. Where would the sentence best fit? Click on a square [Bl] to add the sentence to the passage. Which of the following is NOT true, according to the passage? @ First-borns tend to do well in individual ‘sports. @® Middle children tend to have a preference for team sports. © Last-borns tend to prefer games with fierce competition. © Only children tend to prefer individual cover team sports.‘RATTAIATOATOTEATE in 10. Which ofthe otowing would be most tkaly © Toeorenh eo ceseinmeaing 0 tha a sucessful exer bt ow cs directly involved bo © mor fcised on acromplshments @ Asecond-bomn a leaders @ Amiddle child rer skiaslaos @ Amit Omen can @ Anonly child SE first-borns . ‘second-borns and . middle children . last-borns Answer Choices (choose 7 to complete the table): (1) Tendency to feel secure and to achieve social success (@) Tendency to concentrate on others rather than self (3) Tendency to bear responsibility better than others. (4) Tendency to do well in school and as leaders (©) Tendency to do poorly academically while exceling at individual sports (6) Tendency not to be highly competitive (Tendency to withdraw from others because of fealings of inferiority (8) Tendency to feel stressed (9) Tendency to feel inferior to siblings Turn to pages 554-557 to diagnose your errors and record your results: MINETEST 2: Reading 317