AS5850 : FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS

PROJECT REPORT

Name : Chinmay Tambat

Roll No : ME15B069
2-D FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS

Problem Statement:
For the steel culvert shown in fig, determine maximum principal stresses and
their locations and maximum displacements. Let E = 210 GPa and v = 0.30.

Reference answer is given as 8.1 MPa

Steps involved in finding solutions:

1) Formation of mesh using CASCA
2) Preprocessing (Problem type, fixity, materials properties, loads, B.Cs) using FRANC
2D
3) Analysis using FRANC 2D
4) Postprocessing using FRANC 2D. Postprocessing is presented in following steps:
• Deformed mesh
• Eff. Stress contour
• U displacement contour
• V displacement contour
5) Similar steps are repeated for a mesh with higher h-refinement i.e, with more no. of
elements.
MESH GENERATION (CASCA)

Files : 2D_a.inp (CASCA), 2D_a.wdb (FRANC 2D), 2D_a.rsp (FRANC 2D)

DEFORMED MESH

STRESS CONTOUR

As we can see in contour plot, maximum stress is found out to be 6.62 MPa at centre of upper side
U and V displacement respectively

U displacement is maximum just above center of vertical sides and is in the range of 50 micrometer.

V displacement is maximum just at the center of upper side and is in the range of 0.1 mm.
MESH GENERATION (CASCA) (with more no of elements)

Files : 2D_b.inp (CASCA), 2D_b.wdb (FRANC 2D), 2D_b.rsp (FRANC 2D)

DEFORMED MESH

STRESS CONTOUR

As we can see in contour plot, maximum stress is found out to be 7.555 MPa at centre of upper side
and inner upper corners. Thus, as no. of elements are increased answer gets closer to reference
solution which is 8.1 Mpa
Contour plot for U and V displacement respectively

U displacement is maximum just above center of vertical sides and is in the range of 0.5 mm.

V displacement is maximum just at the center of upper side and is in the range of 1.4 mm.

As no. of elements are increased displacement is also increasing.

1-D FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS
PROBLEM STATEMENT:
Use Euler-Bernoulli Beam elements to analyse the given problem.

Reference solution:
U3 = 8.3131E-4, U4 = -2.8546E-4, U5 = 1.0654E-3, U6 = -5.51195E5

Input file: 1D.inp

Output file: 1_D.txt
INPUT
1-D: Euler-Bernoulli Beam

3 0 0 MODEL, NTYPE, ITEM

0 3 IELEM, NEM

0 1 ICONT, NPRNT

4 NNM

1 2 5.0 NOD(1,J), GLX(1)

0.0 0.0 AX0, AX1 | Data for

5.0E7 0.0 BX0=EI, BX1 | Element 1

0.0 0.0 CX0, CX1 |

0.0 100.0 0.0 FX0=q0,FX1,FX2

2 3 5.0 NOD(2,J), GLX(2)

0.0 0.0 AX0, AX1 | Data for

5.0E7 0.0 BX0, BX1 | Element 2

0.0 0.0 CX0, CX1 |

0.0 0.0 0.0 FX0,FX1,FX2 |

3 4 5.0 NOD(3,J), GLX(3)

0.0 0.0 AX0, AX1 | Data for

5.0E7 0.0 BX0, BX1 | Element 3

0.0 0.0 CX0, CX1 |

0.0 0.0 0.0 FX0,FX1,FX2 |

1 NSPV

1 1 0.0 ISPV(1,1), ISPV(1,2), VSPV(1)

4 1 0.0 ISPV(1,1), ISPV(1,2), VSPV(1)

1 NSSV

3 1 1.0E3 ISSV(1,1), ISSV(1,2), VSSV(1)

OUTPUT
*** ECHO OF THE INPUT DATA STARTS ***

1-D: Euler-Bernoulli Beam

3 0 0 MODEL, NTYPE, ITEM

0 2 IELEM, NEM

0 1 ICONT, NPRNT

3 NNM

1 2 4.0 NOD(1,J), GLX(1)

0.0 0.0 AX0, AX1 | Data for

10.0E7 0.0 BX0=EI, BX1 | Element 1

0.0 0.0 CX0, CX1 |

1000.0 0.0 0.0 FX0=q0,FX1,FX2

2 3 4.0 NOD(2,J), GLX(2)

0.0 0.0 AX0, AX1 | Data for

5.0E7 0.0 BX0, BX1 | Element 2

0.0 0.0 CX0, CX1 |

0.0 0.0 0.0 FX0,FX1,FX2 |

2 NSPV

1 1 0.0 ISPV(1,1), ISPV(1,2), VSPV(1)

1 2 0.0 ISPV(1,1), ISPV(1,2), VSPV(1)

2 NSSV

2 1 5.0E3 ISSV(1,1), ISSV(1,2), VSSV(1)

2 2 -2.5E3 ISSV(2,1), ISSV(2,2), VSSV(2)

1 NNBC (with transv. spring)

3 1 1.0E6 0.0 INBC(1,1),INBC(1,2),VNBC(1)=k,UREF(

0 NMPC
 **** ECHO OF THE INPUT DATA ENDS ****

_______________________________________________________

OUTPUT from program FEM1D by J N REDDY

_______________________________________________________

1-D: Euler-Bernoulli Beam

*** ANALYSIS OF MODEL 3, AND TYPE 0 PROBLEM ***

(see the code below)

MODEL=1,NTYPE=0: A problem described by MODEL EQ. 1

MODEL=1,NTYPE=1: A circular DISK (PLANE STRESS)

MODEL=1,NTYPE>1: A circular DISK (PLANE STRAIN)

MODEL=2,NTYPE=0: A Timoshenko BEAM (RIE) problem

MODEL=2,NTYPE=1: A Timoshenko PLATE (RIE) problem

MODEL=2,NTYPE=2: A Timoshenko BEAM (CIE) problem

MODEL=2,NTYPE>2: A Timoshenko PLATE (CIE) problem

MODEL=3,NTYPE=0: A Euler-Bernoulli BEAM problem

MODEL=3,NTYPE>0: A Euler-Bernoulli Circular plate

MODEL=4,NTYPE=0: A plane TRUSS problem

MODEL=4,NTYPE=1: A Euler-Bernoulli FRAME problem

MODEL=4,NTYPE=2: A Timoshenko (CIE) FRAME problem

Element type (0, Hermite,>0, Lagrange)..= 0

No. of deg. of freedom per node, NDF....= 2

No. of elements in the mesh, NEM........= 2

No. of total DOF in the model, NEQ......= 6

Half bandwidth of matrix [GLK], NHBW ...= 4

 No. of specified primary DOF, NSPV......= 2

No. of specified secondary DOF, NSSV....= 2

No. of specified Newton B. C.: NNBC.....= 1

No. of speci. multi-pt. cond.: NMPC.....= 0

Boundary information on primary variables:

1 1 0.00000E+00

1 2 0.00000E+00

Boundary information on secondary variables:

2 1 0.50000E+04

2 2 -0.25000E+04

Boundary information on mixed boundary cond.:

3 1 0.10000E+07 0.00000E+00

Properties of Element = 1

Element length, H ....... = 0.4000E+01

AX0 = 0.0000E+00 AX1 = 0.0000E+00

BX0 = 0.1000E+09 BX1 = 0.0000E+00

CX0 = 0.0000E+00 CX1 = 0.0000E+00

FX0 = 0.1000E+04 FX1 = 0.0000E+00 FX2 = 0.0000E+00

Properties of Element = 2

Element length, H ....... = 0.4000E+01

AX0 = 0.0000E+00 AX1 = 0.0000E+00

BX0 = 0.5000E+08 BX1 = 0.0000E+00

CX0 = 0.0000E+00 CX1 = 0.0000E+00

FX0 = 0.0000E+00 FX1 = 0.0000E+00 FX2 = 0.0000E+00

Element coefficient matrix, [ELK]:

0.18750E+08 -0.37500E+08 -0.18750E+08 -0.37500E+08

-0.37500E+08 0.10000E+09 0.37500E+08 0.50000E+08

-0.18750E+08 0.37500E+08 0.18750E+08 0.37500E+08

-0.37500E+08 0.50000E+08 0.37500E+08 0.10000E+09

Element source vector, {ELF}:

0.20000E+04 -0.13333E+04 0.20000E+04 0.13333E+04

Element coefficient matrix, [ELK]:

0.93750E+07 -0.18750E+08 -0.93750E+07 -0.18750E+08

-0.18750E+08 0.50000E+08 0.18750E+08 0.25000E+08

-0.93750E+07 0.18750E+08 0.93750E+07 0.18750E+08

-0.18750E+08 0.25000E+08 0.18750E+08 0.50000E+08

Element source vector, {ELF}:

0.00000E+00 0.00000E+00 0.00000E+00 0.00000E+00

SOLUTION (values of PVs) at the NODES:

0.00000E+00 0.00000E+00 0.85364E-03 -0.27680E-03 0.13744E-02

-0.56895E-04

______________________________________________________________________________

x is the global coord. if ICONT=1 and it is the local coord. if ICONT=0

x Deflect. Rotation B. Moment Shear Force

______________________________________________________________________________

0.00000E+00 0.00000E+00 0.00000E+00 -0.18171E+05 0.56256E+04

0.50000E+00 0.21542E-04 -0.83824E-04 -0.15358E+05 0.56256E+04

0.10000E+01 0.81480E-04 -0.15358E-03 -0.12546E+05 0.56256E+04

0.15000E+01 0.17278E-03 -0.20928E-03 -0.97329E+04 0.56256E+04

0.20000E+01 0.28842E-03 -0.25091E-03 -0.69201E+04 0.56256E+04

0.25000E+01 0.42135E-03 -0.27848E-03 -0.41073E+04 0.56256E+04

0.30000E+01 0.56455E-03 -0.29199E-03 -0.12945E+04 0.56256E+04

0.35000E+01 0.71099E-03 -0.29143E-03 0.15183E+04 0.56256E+04

0.40000E+01 0.85364E-03 -0.27680E-03 0.43311E+04 0.56256E+04

0.00000E+00 0.85364E-03 -0.27680E-03 0.54977E+04 -0.13744E+04

0.50000E+00 0.97887E-03 -0.22526E-03 0.48105E+04 -0.13744E+04

0.10000E+01 0.10800E-02 -0.18059E-03 0.41233E+04 -0.13744E+04

0.15000E+01 0.11606E-02 -0.14280E-03 0.34361E+04 -0.13744E+04

0.20000E+01 0.12240E-02 -0.11187E-03 0.27489E+04 -0.13744E+04

0.25000E+01 0.12736E-02 -0.87820E-04 0.20616E+04 -0.13744E+04

0.30000E+01 0.13130E-02 -0.70639E-04 0.13744E+04 -0.13744E+04

0.35000E+01 0.13454E-02 -0.60331E-04 0.68721E+03 -0.13744E+04

0.40000E+01 0.13744E-02 -0.56895E-04 0.41163E-05 -0.13744E+04

______________________________________ ________________________________________

Stop - Program terminated.

Reference solution is U3 = 8.3131E-4, U4 = -2.8546E-4, U5 = 1.0654E-3, U6 = -5.51195E5

Solution from FEM1D is U3 = 8.5364E-04, U4= -2.7680E-04, U5 = 1.3744E-03, U6 = -5.6895E-04