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  • Descripción Microscópica de Drogas Vegetales

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    Diego Zapata
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    This document describes microscopic analysis techniques for identifying plant-based drugs. It outlines how to analyze powdered plant samples by examining their organoleptic properties like color and smell, and their microscopic elements like pollen grains, fibers, or starch grains. Specific plant samples are shown, like boldo leaves, digitalis leaves, and ipecac root. The goal is to establish a diagnostic element to identify each plant and ensure quality control by comparing samples to reference standards.

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    Control Microscopico

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    This document describes microscopic analysis techniques for identifying plant-based drugs. It outlines how to analyze powdered plant samples by examining their organoleptic properties like color and smell, and their microscopic elements like pollen grains, fibers, or starch grains. Specific plant samples are shown, like boldo leaves, digitalis leaves, and ipecac root. The goal is to establish a diagnostic element to identify each plant and ensure quality control by comparing samples to reference standards.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    16 views10 pages

    Descripción Microscópica de Drogas Vegetales

    Uploaded by

    Diego Zapata
    This document describes microscopic analysis techniques for identifying plant-based drugs. It outlines how to analyze powdered plant samples by examining their organoleptic properties like color and smell, and their microscopic elements like pollen grains, fibers, or starch grains. Specific plant samples are shown, like boldo leaves, digitalis leaves, and ipecac root. The goal is to establish a diagnostic element to identify each plant and ensure quality control by comparing samples to reference standards.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 10

    DESCRIPCIÓN

    MICROSCÓPICA DE DROGAS
    VEGETALES
    Pilar E. Luengas Caicedo

    DESCRIPCIÓN MICROSCÓPICA
    DE DROGAS VEGETALES

    ESQUEMAS ACOMPAÑANTES

    FARMACOPEA BRASILERA

    1
    HOJAS DE BOLDO

    HOJAS DE DIGITALIS

    2
    HOJAS DE MARACUYÁ

    HOJAS DE LIMONARIA

    3
    HOJAS DE STEVIA

    HOJAS DE PITANGUEIRA

    4
    HOJAS DE QUEBRA-PEDRA

    TALLOS DE QUEBRA-PEDRA

    5
    RAÍZ DE IPECA

    IDENTIFICACIÓN
    MICROSCÓPICA DE
    DROGAS VEGETALES

    6
    TIPOS DE DROGAS
    HOJA
    HIERBA
    RAÍZ
    TALLO - RIZOMA
    CORTEZA: CORTEX
    Corcho + Endodermis + Periciclo + Floema + Parénquima
    HIERBA
    FLOR – INFLORECENCIA
    FRUTO

    ANÁLISIS DE LA MUESTRA EN POLVO


    1.PROPIEDADES ORGANOLÉPTICAS
    Color
    • Verde: Hoja – Hierba
    • Blanca / Beige: Raíz – rizoma
    • Marrón / Gris: Raíz – Rizoma – Corteza
    Sabor
    • Picante
    • Amargo
    • Dulce
    • Herbáceo
    • Aromático
    Olor
    • Herbáceo
    • Aromático
    • Característico

    7
    ANÁLISIS DE LA MUESTRA EN POLVO
    2. OBSERVACIÓN MICROSCÓPICA:
    ESTABLECER ELEMENTO DIAGNÓSTICO CLAVE
    Abundantes granos de Almidón
    Raíz
    Rizoma
    Fruto
    Fibras con vainas critalíferas
    Sen, cáscara sagrada, etc.
    Fibras aisladas
    Corteza
    Madera

    ANÁLISIS DE LA MUESTRA EN POLVO


    2. OBSERVACIÓN MICROSCÓPICA:
    ESTABLECER ELEMENTO DIAGNÓSTICO
    CLAVE
    Epidermis y Mesófilo
    Hoja
    Hierba
    Aceites – Granos de aleurona
    Semillas
    Frutos
    Abundantes granos de polen
    Flores

    8
    ANÁLISIS DE LA MUESTRA EN POLVO
    2. OBSERVACIÓN MICROSCÓPICA:

    ESTABLECER ELEMENTOS DIAGNÓSTICO


    ESPECÍFICOS

    TEJIDOS PRESENTES
    Morfología
    Características
    Distribución
    INCLUSIONES NO PROTOSPLAMÁTICAS

    CONTROL DE CALIDAD
    COMPARACIÓN FRENTE A:
    MUESTRA PATRÓN
    MONOGRAFÍA
    DESCRIPCIÓN BOTÁNICA

    9
    REFERENCIAS BIBILOGRÁFICAS
    • Farmacopea Brasilera. 4a Edición.
    • Lozano, N.B.; Barrera, E.; Marquinez, X. Anatomía y
    morfología de los órganos vegetativos de las plantas
    superiores. Notas de Clase. Universidad Nacional de
    Colombia. 2007(Reimpresión de 2002).
    • Oliveria F., Akisue M., Akisue G. Farmacongnosia.
    Ateneu. 1998.
    • Salama A. Manual de Farmacognosia. Notas de
    Clase. Universidad Nacional de Colombia. 2005.
    • Wichtl, M. (Ed). Herbal Drugs and
    Phytopharmaceuticals: A Handbook for Practice on a
    Scientific Basis. Medpharm - CRC. 2004.

    10

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