‫‪Uruk University‬‬ ‫‪Staad Pro‬‬ ‫‪3rd Civil Engineering‬‬

‫‪Ahmed Mahir Mohammed‬‬

‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﺔ ‪:‬‬

‫ﯾﻌﺘﺒﺮ )ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﻧﻈﺎم اﻟﺘﺤﻠﯿﻞ واﻟﺘﺼﻤﯿﻢ اﻻﻧﺸﺎﺋﻲ( ‪ Staad Pro‬ﻣﻦ اﻟﺒﺮاﻣﺞ اﻟﺮاﺋﺪة ﻓﻲ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ و‬
‫ﺗﺼﻤﯿﻢ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄت اﻟﺨﺮﺳﺎﻧﯿﺔ و اﻟﺤﺪﯾﺪﯾﺔ وذﻟﻚ ﻟﻤﺎ ﯾﺘﻤﺘﻊ ﺑﮫ ﻣﻦ ادوات ﻗﻮﯾﺔ وﺳﻤﺎت ﺑﺎرزة ﻓﻲ‬
‫اﻟﻨﻤﺬﺟﺔ و اﻟﺘﺤﻠﯿﻞ و اﻟﺘﺼﻤﯿﻢ واﺳﺘﻌﺮاض اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ واﺧﺮاﺟﮭﺎ ﺑﺼﻔﺔ ﺗﻘﺎرﯾﺮ ﻣﮭﻨﯿﺔ ‪ .‬ﺗﻢ ﺗﺼﻤﯿﻤﮫ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﻗﺒﻞ ﺷﺮﻛﺔ ‪ Research Engineering‬ﻓﻲ ﻧﮭﺎﯾﺔ اﻟﺴﺒﻌﯿﻨﺎت و اﺳﺘﻤﺮت ﻓﻲ ﺗﻄﻮﯾﺮه و ﺗﺤﺴﯿﻨﮫ‬
‫ﺣﺘﻰ اﺻﺒﺢ اﻟﯿﻮم ﻣﻦ اﻛﺜﺮ اﻟﺒﺮاﻣﺞ اﻧﺘﺸﺎرأً و اﺳﺘﺨﺪاﻣﺎ ً ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ اﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎت و اﻟﻤﻜﺎﺗﺐ اﻟﮭﻨﺪﺳﯿﺔ‬
‫ﺣﯿﺚ ﯾﺸﻤﻞ اﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﻋﻠﻲ أداة ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻗﻮﯾﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺒﺎﻧﻲ واﻟﺠﺴﻮر واﻟﻤﻨﺸﺎّت اﻟﮭﯿﻜﻠﯿﺔ اﻟﻤﻌﺪﻧﯿﺔ وﺗﺼﻤﯿﻢ‬
‫ﻟﻠﺠﺪران اﻻﺳﺘﻨﺎدﯾﺔ واﻷﺳﺎﺳﯿﺎت واﻟﺒﻼطﺎت‪.‬‬

‫وﯾﻌﺘﺒﺮ ﻧﺴﺨﺔ ﻣﻄﻮرة ﻣﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ‪ Staad III‬ﺣﯿﺚ ﺗﻢ ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮ اﻟﻜﺜﯿﺮ ﻣﻦ اﻻواﻣﺮ و زﯾﺎدة ﻗﺪرات‬
‫اﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ‪ Staad III‬ﺑﮭﺬا اﻻﺳﻢ ﻟﻠﺘﻤﯿﺰ ﻋﻦ اﻻﺻﺪارﯾﻦ‬
‫ٍ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﻛﺒﯿﺮ ‪ .‬ﺣﯿﺚ ﺟﺎﺋﺖ ﺗﺴﻤﯿﺔ‬
‫اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﯿﻦ ذات اﻟﺘﺴﻤﯿﺔ ‪ .Staad I , Staad II‬اﻣﺎ ﻋﻦ ﺗﺴﻤﯿﺔ اﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﻓﮭﻮ ﻣﺨﺘﺼﺮ‬
‫‪.Structural Analysis And Design By Three Dimensions‬‬

‫ﺗﺸﻤﻞ اﺟﺮاءات اﻟﺘﺤﻠﯿﻞ و اﻟﺘﺼﻤﯿﻢ ﻓﻲ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ‪ Staad Pro‬ﺛﻼث ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ رﺋﯿﺴﯿﺔ ‪:‬‬
‫‪ -1‬اﻧﺸﺎء اﻟﻨﻤﻮذج ) اﻟﻨﻤﺬﺟﺔ (‪.‬‬
‫‪ -2‬ﺣﺴﺎﺑﺎت اﻟﻨﻤﻮذج ) اﻟﺤﻞ (‪.‬‬
‫‪ – 3‬اظﮭﺎر اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ و اﻟﺘﺤﻘﻖ ﻣﻨﮭﺎ ‪.‬‬

‫ﺣﯿﺚ ﺗﻘﺴﻢ طﺮق اﻧﺸﺎء اﻟﻨﻤﻮذج ﻓﻲ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ‪ Staad Pro‬اﻟﻰ طﺮﯾﻘﯿﺘﯿﻦ اﻻوﻟﻰ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﻻواﻣﺮ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻜﺘﻮﺑﺔ ) اﻧﺸﺎء ﻣﻠﻒ اﻻواﻣﺮ ‪ ,( Staad editor‬اﻣﺎ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﯿﺔ ﺗﺘﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل اﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﻟﻮاﺟﮭﺔ‬
‫اﻟﺒﯿﺎﻧﯿﺔ ‪.‬‬

‫ﯾﺘﻀﻤﻦ ﻣﻠﻒ اﻻواﻣﺮ ﻣﻠﻒ ﻧﺼﻮص ﻣﺆﻟﻒ ﻣﻦ ﺳﻠﺴﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻻواﻣﺮ اﻟﻤﻜﺘﻮﺑﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺔ اﻻﻧﻜﻠﯿﺰﯾﺔ‬
‫وﯾﻤﻜﻦ اﻧﺸﺎءه ﻣﺒﺎﺷﺮة ﺑﺎﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎل ﻣﺤﺮر اﻟﻨﺼﻮص ) ‪ (Staad editor‬واﻟﺬي ﯾﻤﻜﻦ اﻧﺸﺎءه ﺑﺸﻜﻞ‬
‫اﻟﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺧﻠﻔﯿﺔ اﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﻋﻨﺪ اﻧﺸﺎء اﻟﻨﻤﻮذج ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﻟﻮاﺟﮭﺔ اﻟﺒﯿﺎﻧﯿﺔ اﻟﺨﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ او‬
‫اﺳﺘﺨﺪام اي ﻣﺤﺮر ﻧﺼﻮص اﺧﺮ ﯾﺨﺰن اﻟﻤﻌﻄﯿﺎت وﻓﻖ ﺗﻨﺴﯿﻖ ﻧﺼﻮص ﻣﺜﻞ ال ‪ Notepad‬او‬
‫‪.WordPad‬‬

‫اﻟﺨﻄﻮات اﻻﺳﺎﺳﯿﺔ اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﻟﻠﻨﻤﺬﺟﺔ ‪:‬‬

‫‪ – 1‬رﺳﻢ اﻟﺸﻜﻞ اﻟﮭﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺸﺄ ﻓﻲ ﻧﺎﻓﺬة اﻟﺮﺳﻢ ‪.‬‬

‫‪ -2‬ﺗﺤﺪﯾﺪ ﻣﻮاﺻﻔﺎت اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ و اﻟﻤﻘﺎطﻊ و اﻟﻤﻮاد ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -3‬ﺗﺤﺪﯾﺪ اﻟﺸﺮوط اﻟﺤﺪﯾﺔ ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -4‬ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -5‬ﺗﺼﻤﯿﻢ ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ ‪.‬‬
‫‪ – 6‬ﻋﺮض ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ اﻟﺘﺤﻠﯿﻞ و اﻟﺘﺼﻤﯿﻢ ﻋﺪدﯾﺎ و ﺑﯿﺎﻧﯿﺎ ً‪.‬‬

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‫‪Uruk University‬‬ ‫‪Staad Pro‬‬ ‫‪3rd Civil Engineering‬‬
‫‪Ahmed Mahir Mohammed‬‬

‫ﺗﻌﺮﯾﻒ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄت ‪:‬‬

‫ﯾﺘﺄﻟﻒ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ اﻻﻧﺸﺎﺋﯿﺔ ﺗﺘﻤﺎﺳﻚ ﻣﻊ ﺑﻌﻀﮭﺎ اﻟﺒﻌﺾ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل ﻧﻘﺎط‬
‫اﻟﻮﺻﻞ ) ‪ , (Joints‬واﻻﻋﻀﺎء اﻟﻤﺘﺼﻠﺔ ﺑﮭﺬه اﻟﻨﻘﺎط ) ‪ . (Members‬ﻟﺘﺆﻟﻒ اﻧﺸﺎءأ ﻣﺘﯿﻨﺎ ً ﻣﻘﺎوم‬
‫‪Translation and‬‬ ‫ﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻒ اﻟﺤﻤﻮﻻت اﻟﺘﻲ ﯾﺘﻌﺮض ﻟﮭﺎ ‪ ,‬وﯾﻤﻜﻦ ﺗﻌﺮﯾﻒ اﻻﻧﻔﻌﺎﻻت )‬
‫‪ (Rotations‬ﻓﻲ ﻧﻘﺎط اﻟﻮﺻﻞ ﻓﻘﻂ و ھﺬا ﻣﺎﯾﺴﻤﯿﺔ ﺑﺪرﺟﺔ اﻟﺤﺮﯾﺔ ﻟﻜﻞ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ او ﻋﻘﺪة ‪ .‬وﯾﺘﻤﻜﻦ‬
‫‪ (Beam Element‬او‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﻣﻦ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ و ﺗﺼﻤﯿﻢ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄت اﻟﻤﺆﻟﻔﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ھﯿﻜﻠﯿﺔ )‬
‫ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﺻﻔﺎﺋﺤﯿﺔ ) ‪ ( Plate Element‬واﺧﯿﺮاً ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﺣﺠﻤﯿﺔ ) ‪. ( Solid Element‬‬

‫أﻧﻮاع اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄت ‪:‬‬

‫‪- ۱‬اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺂت اﻟﺜﻼﺛﯿﺔ اﻻﺑﻊاد )‪ : (Space Structure‬وھﻲ ﻋﺒﺎرة ﻋﻦ ﻣﻨﺸﺄت ھﯿﻜﯿﻠﺔ ﺛﻼﺛﯿﺔ‬
‫اﻻﺑﻌﺎد وﺗﻌﺮف ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮﯾﺎت ‪ X-Y, X-Z , Y-Z‬ﻛﻤﺎ و ﺗﺨﻀﻊ ﻟﻘﻮى و ﻋﺰوم ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ و ﺑﻜﺎﻓﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺘﺴﻮﯾﺎت ﺣﯿﺚ ﺗﺘﻮﻟﺪ ﻓﻲ ﻛﻞ ﻋﻘﺪة ) ‪ (Node‬ﺛﻼث ردود اﻓﻌﺎل و ﺛﻼﺛﺔ ﻋﺰوم ﻛﻤﺎ ﻣﻮﺿﺢ ﻓﻲ‬
‫اﻟﺮﺳﻢ ‪.‬‬

‫‪Y‬‬

‫‪X‬‬

‫‪Space structure‬‬
‫‪MZ‬‬
‫‪MX‬‬
‫‪MY‬‬ ‫‪FZ‬‬
‫‪FX‬‬ ‫‪FY‬‬

‫‪Z‬‬

‫‪ -2‬اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄت اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮﯾﺔ ) ‪ : (Plane Structure‬وھﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄت اﻟﺜﻼﺛﯿﺔ اﻻﺑﻌﺎد‬

‫وﺗﻌﺮف ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮي ) ‪ (X-Y‬و ﺗﺨﻀﻊ ﻻﺣﻤﺎل واﻗﻌﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻧﻔﺲ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮي ﻣﻊ وﺟﻮد ﺷﺮوط ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫اﻻﻧﺘﻘﻼت ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮي ﻧﻔﺴﺔ ‪.‬‬

‫‪Plane structure‬‬
‫‪MZ‬‬ ‫‪Y‬‬
‫‪FX‬‬

‫‪X‬‬
‫‪FY‬‬

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‫‪Uruk University‬‬ ‫‪Staad Pro‬‬ ‫‪3rd Civil Engineering‬‬
‫‪Ahmed Mahir Mohammed‬‬

‫‪ -3‬ﻣﻨﺸﺄت اﻻرﺿﯿﺎت )‪ : (Floor Structure‬ھﻲ ﻋﺒﺎرة ﻋﻦ ﻣﻨﺸﺄت ﺛﻨﺎﺋﯿﺔ او ﺛﻼﺛﯿﺔ اﻻﺑﻌﺎد‬

‫ﻻﺗﺘﻌﺮض ﻟﺤﻤﻮﻻت اﻓﻘﯿﺔ وﻓﻖ اﻟﻤﺤﻮر ‪ X‬او اﻟﻤﺤﻮر ‪ Z‬او اي ﺣﻤﻮﻻت ﯾﻤﻜﻦ ان ﺗﺴﺒﺐ ﺣﺮﻛﺔ‬
‫اﻓﻘﯿﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺸﺄ وﺗﻌﺪ ارﺿﯿﺎت اﻟﻄﻮاﺑﻖ وﺳﻄﻮح اﻻﺑﻨﯿﺔ اﻟﻮاﻗﻌﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮي ‪ X-Z‬ﻧﻤﻮذج ﻋﻠﻰ ذﻟﻚ‬
‫‪.‬‬

‫‪Y‬‬
‫‪Floor structure‬‬
‫‪MZ‬‬
‫‪MX‬‬
‫‪X‬‬

‫‪FY‬‬ ‫‪Z‬‬

‫‪ -4‬ﻣﻨﺸﺄت ﺷﺒﻜﯿﺔ ) ‪) (Truss Structure‬ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﺷﺒﻜﯿﺔ ﺛﻨﺎﺋﯿﺔ اﻟﺒﻌﺪ او ﺛﻼﺛﯿﺔ (‪ :‬وھﻲ‬

‫اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄت اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺨﻀﻊ ﻟﻘﻮى ﻣﺤﻮرﯾﺔ ﻓﻘﻂ ) ﻗﻮى ﺷﺪ وﻗﻮى اﻧﻀﻐﺎط ‪ . (Axial Force‬اي ان‬
‫ھﺬه اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄت ﻻ ﺗﺘﺤﻤﻞ ﻗﻮى ﯾﻨﺘﺞ ﻋﻨﮭﺎ ﺗﻮﻟﺪ ﻋﺰوم اﻧﺤﻨﺎء او اﻟﺘﻮاء ﺑﺤﯿﺚ ﯾﻜﻮن دوران ﻓﻲ ﻧﻘﺎط‬
‫اﻟﺮﺑﻂ)‪ (nodes‬ﻏﯿﺮ اﻟﻤﻘﯿﺪة )اﻟﻌﺰوم ﻣﻌﺪوﻣﺔ(وﻣﻦ اﻣﺜﻠﺘﮭﺎ اﻟﺠﻤﻠﻮن ‪ ,‬وﻓﻲ ﺣﺎل وﺟﻮد ﻣﺜﻞ ھﺬه‬
‫اﻟﻘﻮى ﻻﯾﻤﻜﻦ اﻋﺘﺒﺎر اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ ﺷﺒﻜﻲ ‪.‬‬

‫‪FX‬‬ ‫‪Truss Floor‬‬ ‫‪FX‬‬

‫ﻧﻈﺎم وﺣﺪات ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ‪: Staad Pro‬‬

‫ﯾﺘﻀﻤﻦ اﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﻧﻈﺎﻣﯿﻦ اﺳﺎﺳﯿﻦ ﻟﻀﺒﻂ اﻟﻮﺣﺪات )اﻟﻄﻮل‪ ,‬اﻟﻘﻮة ‪ ,‬درﺟﺔ اﻟﺤﺮارة ‪....‬اﻟﺦ(‪.‬‬
‫ﻛﻤﺎﯾﻤﻜﻦ اﺛﻨﺎء اﻟﻨﻤﺬﺟﺔ اﻟﻤﺴﺄﻟﺔ وادﺧﺎل ﻣﻌﻄﯿﺎﺗﮭﺎ ان ﯾﻨﺘﻘﻞ ﻣﻦ وﺣﺪات اﻟﻰ اﺧﺮى ﻓﯿﻤﻜﻦ ان ﯾﺪﺧﻞ‬
‫اﻻطﻮل ﺑﻮﺣﺪات اﻟﻘﺪم )‪ (foot‬وان ﯾﺪﺧﻞ اﺑﻌﺎد اﻟﻤﻘﻄﻊ ﺑﻮﺣﺪات اﻻﻧﺞ )‪.(inch‬‬

‫وﻧﻈﺎﻣﺎ اﻟﻮﺣﺪات اﻻﺳﺎﺳﯿﻦ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ھﻤﺎ ‪:‬‬

‫‪ -1‬اﻟﻨﻈﺎم اﻻﻧﻜﻠﯿﺰي )ﻗﺪم – ﺑﺎوﻧﺪ – ﺛﺎﻧﯿﺔ ( ‪.‬‬

‫‪ -2‬اﻟﻨﻈﺎم اﻟﻤﺘﺮي )ﻣﺘﺮ – ﻛﯿﻠﻮﻧﯿﻮﺗﻦ – ﺛﺎﻧﯿﺔ ( ‪.‬‬

‫اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﯿﺎت اﻟﺨﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﺘﻌﺮﯾﻒ اﻟﺸﻜﻞ اﻟﮭﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺸﺄ‪:‬‬

‫ﯾﺴﺘﺨﺪم ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ‪ Staad pro‬ﻧﻤﻮذﺟﯿﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺟﻤﻞ اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﯿﺎت ﻟﺘﻌﺮﯾﻒ اﻟﺸﻜﻞ اﻟﮭﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺸﺄ ﻣﻊ‬
‫ﺗﻌﺮﯾﻒ اﻻﺣﻤﺎل اﻟﻤﺴﻠﻄﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ ‪:‬‬

‫‪ -1‬اﻻﺣﺪﺛﯿﺎت اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ) اﻟﺼﺎدي ( ‪:Global Coordinate System‬‬

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‫‪Uruk University‬‬ ‫‪Staad Pro‬‬ ‫‪3rd Civil Engineering‬‬
‫‪Ahmed Mahir Mohammed‬‬

‫ﯾﺴﺘﺨﺪم ﺟﻤﻠﺔ اﻻﺣﺪﺛﯿﺎت اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﻟﺘﺤﺪﯾﺪ و ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻒ اﻟﺸﻜﻞ اﻟﮭﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺸﺄ وﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﻓﻲ ﺗﺤﺪﯾﺪ ﻧﻤﻮذج‬
‫اﻻﺣﻤﺎل اﻟﻤﺴﻠﻂ ﻋﻠﯿﮭﺎ ‪ .‬وھﻨﺎﻟﻚ ﺛﻼث اﻧﻮاع ﻟﻐﺮض رﺳﻢ اﻟﺸﻜﻞ اﻟﮭﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﻣﻦ ﻧﺎﺣﯿﺔ ﺗﻌﺮﯾﻒ‬
‫اﺣﺪاﺛﯿﺎت ﻧﻘﺎط اﻟﻮﺻﻞ )‪ (Joints‬واﺗﺠﺎھﺎت اﻻﺣﻤﺎل اﻟﻤﺴﻠﻄﺔ ‪.‬‬

‫• اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﯿﺎت اﻟﺪﯾﻜﺎرﺗﯿﺔ اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ) ‪Conventional Cartesian Coordinate‬‬

‫‪: (System‬‬

‫ﯾﺴﺘﺨﺪم اﻻﯾﻌﺎز اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ﻟﺘﻌﺮﯾﻒ اﺣﺪاﺛﯿﺎت ﻧﻘﺎط اﻟﻮﺻﻞ ‪ Joint Coordinate‬و اﻟﺘﻲ‬
‫ﺗﻜﻮن ﻣﺘﻌﺎﻣﺪة ﻣﻊ ﺑﻌﻀﮭﺎ‬

‫‪Joint Coordinate‬‬ ‫‪Y‬‬

‫‪1 0 0 0; 2 5 0 0‬‬

‫‪X‬‬
‫‪O‬‬

‫‪Z‬‬

‫• اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﯿﺎت اﻻﺳﻄﻮاﻧﯿﺔ )‪ :(Cylindrical Coordinate System‬ﯾﺴﺘﺨﺪم اﻻﯾﻌﺎز‬

‫اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ﻟﺘﻌﺮﯾﻒ اﺣﺪاﺛﯿﺎت ﻧﻘﺎط اﻟﻮﺻﻞ ‪ Joint Coordinate Cylindrical‬ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ‬
‫ﯾﺤﺘﻮي اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻮاﻗﻊ ﻣﻘﻮﺳﺔ ﺑﺤﯿﺚ ﯾﺘﻢ اﺳﺘﺒﺪال اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻲ ‪ X‬ﺑﻨﺼﻒ اﻟﻘﻄﺮ ‪ R‬و‬
‫اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻲ ‪ Y‬ﺑﺰاوﯾﺔ اﻟﺪوران ‪ Ɵ‬ﻣﻊ ﺑﻘﺎء اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻲ ‪ Z‬وﻣﺜﺎل ذﻟﻚ‬
‫‪Joint Coordinate Cylindrical‬‬
‫‪Y‬‬
‫‪1 4 0 0 ; 2 4 30 0 ; 3 4 60 0 ; 4 4 90 0‬‬
‫‪R‬‬
‫‪Z‬‬ ‫‪Ɵ + ve‬‬
‫‪Node number X Y Z‬‬
‫‪X‬‬
‫‪O‬‬
‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪r‬‬ ‫‪Ɵ z‬‬
‫‪Z‬‬

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‫‪Uruk University‬‬ ‫‪Staad Pro‬‬ ‫‪3rd Civil Engineering‬‬
‫‪Ahmed Mahir Mohammed‬‬

‫‪Joi coo cyl‬‬

‫‪1 7 0 0; 21 7 180 0‬‬
‫ﺣﯿﺚ ان ‪ :1‬ھﻮ رﻗﻢ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ اﻻوﻟﻰ‬
‫‪ :7‬ﻧﺼﻒ ﻗﻄﺮ داﺋﺮة اﻟﻘﻮس‬
‫‪ :0‬ﻣﻘﺪار زاوﯾﺔ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ ﻋﻦ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ اﻟﺪاﺋﺮة‬
‫‪ :0‬اﺣﺪاﺛﯿﺎت اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ ﺑﺎﺗﺠﺎه ‪Z‬‬
‫ﻛﺬﻟﻚ اﻻﻣﺮ ﯾﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل اﺣﺪاﺛﯿﺎت اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ اﻻﺧﯿﺮة ‪ , 21 7 180 0‬ﺣﯿﺚ ان ‪180‬ﺗﻤﺜﻞ زاوﯾﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ ‪.21‬‬

‫• اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﯿﺎت اﻻﺳﻄﻮاﻧﯿﺔ اﻟﻤﻌﻜﻮﺳﺔ ) ‪Reverse Cylindrical Coordinate‬‬

‫‪ : (System‬ﯾﺴﺘﺨﺪم اﻻﯾﻌﺎز اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ﻟﺘﻌﺮﯾﻒ اﺣﺪاﺛﯿﺎت ﻧﻘﺎط اﻟﻮﺻﻞ‬
‫‪ Joint Coordinate Cylindrical Reverse‬ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﯾﺤﺘﻮي اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻮاﻗﻊ‬
‫ﻣﻘﻮﺳﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮي ‪ X-Z‬ﺑﺤﯿﺚ ﯾﺘﻢ اﺳﺘﺒﺪال اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻲ ‪ X‬ﺑﻨﺼﻒ اﻟﻘﻄﺮ ‪ R‬و اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻲ ‪Z‬‬
‫ﺑﺰاوﯾﺔ اﻟﺪوران ‪ Ɵ‬ﻣﻊ ﺑﻘﺎء اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻲ ‪ Y‬وﻣﺜﺎل ذﻟﻚ‬
‫‪Joint Coordinate Cylindrical Reverse‬‬
‫‪1 4 00; 2 4 0 30 ;; 3 4 0 60 ; 4 4 0 90‬‬

‫‪Y‬‬

‫‪Ɵ + ve‬‬ ‫‪Y‬‬

‫‪X‬‬
‫‪O‬‬

‫‪R‬‬
‫‪Z‬‬

‫‪ -2‬اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﯿﺎت اﻟﻤﺤﻠﯿﺔ ‪ :Local Coordinate System‬ھﻲ ﻋﺒﺎرة ﻋﻦ ﻣﺤﺎور ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪم‬

‫ﻟﻐﺮض ﺗﺤﺪﯾﺪ ﻣﻮاﺻﻔﺎت اﺑﻌﺎد ﻣﻨﺸﺄ وﯾﻜﻮن اﻻﺗﺠﺎه ‪ X‬داﺋﻤﺎ ﺑﺎﺗﺠﺎه طﻮل اﻟﻌﻨﺼﺮ اﻣﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ‬
‫ﻟﻼﺣﺪاﺛﯿﯿﻦ ‪ y,z‬ﻓﯿﺘﻢ ﺗﺤﺪﯾﺪ اﺗﺠﺎھﻤﺎ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام ﻗﺎﻋﺪة اﻟﻜﻒ اﻟﯿﻤﻨﻰ ‪.‬‬

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‫‪Uruk University‬‬ ‫‪Staad Pro‬‬ ‫‪3rd Civil Engineering‬‬
‫‪Ahmed Mahir Mohammed‬‬
‫ﯾﺘﻢ ﺗﺸﻐﯿﻞ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ال ‪ Staad Pro‬وﺑﻌﺪھﺎ ﻧﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻰ )‪ (New‬ﺣﯿﺚ ﺳﻨﺒﺪأ ﺑﺎﺧﺘﯿﺎر اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺎ ً‬
‫اﻟﺬي ﻧﺮﯾﺪ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻧﻤﺬﺟﺘﺔ ‪ .‬ﻛﻤﺎ وﯾﻤﻜﻦ ﺗﻐﯿﺮ اﻟﻮﺣﺪات ﻣﻦ – ‪File – configure‬‬
‫‪ configuration program‬وﺑﻌﺪھﺎ ﻧﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ Base Unit‬وﻧﺨﺘﺎر اﻣﺎ ‪ Metric‬او‬
‫‪English .‬‬

‫واﺟﮭﺔ اﻟﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ اﻟﺮﺋﯿﺴﯿﺔ‬

‫ﺑﻌﺪ اﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ next‬ﺗﻈﮭﺮ ﻧﺎﻓﺬه ﺗﺤﺘﻮي ﻋﻠﻰ اﻻواﻣﺮ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﯿﺔ ‪:‬‬

‫‪) Add Beam‬اﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ھﯿﻜﻠﯿﺔ ‪(Member‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬

‫‪ ) Add Plate‬اﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﺻﻔﯿﺤﯿﺔ (‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫‪ ) Add Solid‬اﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﺣﺠﻤﯿﺔ (‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫‪) Open structure wizard‬ﺗﻤﻜﯿﻦ اﻟﺪﺧﻮل اﻟﻰ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ اﻟﻘﻮاﻟﺐ اﻻﻧﺸﺎﺋﯿﺔ اﻟﺠﺎھﺰة ﻓﻲ‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫اﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ (‬
‫‪ ) Open Staad Editior‬ﻣﺤﺮر اﻻواﻣﺮ (‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫‪ ) Edit Job information‬ادﺧﺎل ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ و اﻟﺘﺎرﯾﺦ و اﺳﻢ ﺻﺎﺣﺐ اﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫‪....‬اﻟﺦ(‬

‫ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت ﺣﻮل اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ‪:‬‬

‫‪ -1‬ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ھﯿﻜﻠﯿﺔ ) ‪ : (Beam Element‬ﺗﺘﺎﻟﻒ ھﺬه اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻘﺪﺗﯿﻦ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺒﺪاﯾﺔ وﻧﮭﺎﯾﺔ‬

‫اﻟﻌﻨﺼﺮ ﺣﯿﺚ ﺗﻤﻠﻚ ﻛﻞ ﻋﻘﺪة ﺳﺖ درﺟﺎت ﻣﻦ اﻟﺤﺮﯾﺔ ) ﺛﻼﺛﺔ اﻧﺘﻘﺎﻟﯿﺔ و ﺛﻼﺛﺔ دوراﻧﯿﺔ ( ‪ .‬ﯾﻤﻜﻦ ان‬

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‫‪Uruk University‬‬ ‫‪Staad Pro‬‬ ‫‪3rd Civil Engineering‬‬
‫‪Ahmed Mahir Mohammed‬‬

‫ﺗﻤﺜﻞ ھﺬه اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﺑﻤﻘﺎطﻊ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﻛﺎن ﺗﻜﻮن ﻣﺴﺘﻄﯿﻠﺔ اوﺷﻜﻞ ‪ T‬او ﯾﻤﻜﻦ ﺗﻤﺜﯿﻠﮭﺎ ﺑﻤﻘﺎطﻊ ﻓﻮﻻذ‬
‫ﺟﺎھﺰة وﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ اﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﻟﺘﻤﺜﯿﻞ اﻟﺠﺴﻮر ) ‪ (Beam‬و اﻻﻋﻤﺪة )‪. (Column‬‬

‫‪ -2‬ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﺻﻔﺎﺋﺤﯿﺔ )‪: (Plate Element‬ﯾﻤﻜﻦ ان ﯾﺘﺄﻟﻒ ھﺬا اﻟﻌﻨﺼﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺛﻼث ﻋﻘﺪ )ﻋﻨﺼﺮ‬
‫ﺛﻼﺛﻲ( او ارﺑﻊ ﻋﻘﺪ )ﻋﻨﺼﺮ رﺑﺎﻋﻲ ( ‪ .‬وﯾﻤﻜﻦ ان ﯾﺎﺧﺬ ھﺬا اﻟﻌﻨﺼﺮ ﺳﻤﺎﻛﺎت ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻌﻘﺪ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺗﻤﻠﻚ ﻛﻞ ﻋﻘﺪة ﺳﺖ درﺟﺎت ﺣﺮﯾﺔ )‪) (6 degree of freedom‬ﺛﻼﺛﺔ اﻧﺘﻘﺎﻟﯿﺔ و ﺛﻼﺛﺔ دوراﻧﯿﺔ(‬
‫ﯾﺴﺘﺨﺪم ھﺬا اﻟﻌﻨﺼﺮ ﻟﻨﻤﺬﺟﺔ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄت اﻟﺴﻄﺤﯿﺔ ﻛﺎﻟﺠﺪران واﻟﺴﻘﻮف وارﺿﯿﺎت اﻟﻄﻮاﺑﻖ واﻻﺳﺲ‬
‫اﻟﺤﺼﯿﺮﯾﺔ‪....‬اﻟﺦ‪.‬‬

‫ﻋﻨﺪ ادﺧﺎل ﻋﻘﺪ اﻟﻌﻨﺼﺮ ﯾﺠﺐ ان ﺗﻜﻮن ﺑﺎﺗﺠﺎه واﺣﺪ اﻣﺎ ﺑﺎﺗﺠﺎه ﻋﻘﺎرب اﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ او ﻋﻜﺴﮭﺎ ‪ .‬وﯾﻔﻀﻞ‬
‫ان ﺗﻜﻮن ﻧﺴﺒﺔ اﻟﻄﻮل اﻟﻜﺒﯿﺮ اﻟﻰ اﻟﺼﻐﯿﺮ ﻟﻠﻌﻨﺼﺮ اﻟﻮاﺣﺪ )‪ (1:1‬و ان ﻻ ﺗﺰﯾﺪ ﻋﻦ )‪ (1 :4‬ز‬
‫ﻛﺬﻟﻠﻚ ان ﻻﺗﻜﻮن اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﻣﺸﻮھﮫ اي ﯾﺠﺐ ان ﻻ ﺗﻜﻮن اﻟﺰواﯾﺔ اﻛﺒﺮ ﻣﻦ ‪ 90‬ﻟﺤﺎﻓﺘﻲ ﻋﻨﺼﺮﯾﻦ‬
‫ﻣﺘﺠﺎورﯾﻦ وﯾﺠﺐ ان ﻻ ﺗﺘﻌﺪى ‪ 180‬درﺟﺔ ﺑﺎي ﺣﺎل ﻣﻦ اﻻﺣﻮال ‪.‬‬

‫‪ -3‬اﻟﻌﻨﺼﺮ اﻟﺤﺠﻤﻲ )ٍ‪: (Solid Element‬ﺗﺒﺮز ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺔ ھﺬا اﻟﻌﻨﺼﺮ ﻓﻲ ﺣﻞ اﻟﻤﺴﺎﺋﻞ اﻻﻧﺸﺎﺋﯿﺔ‬
‫اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻜﻮن ﻓﯿﮭﺎ ﺗﻮزﯾﻌﺎت اﻻﺟﮭﺎدات ﺛﻼﺛﯿﺔ اﻻﺑﻌﺎد ‪ .‬ﺣﯿﺚ ﯾﻤﻜﻦ ان ﺗﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﻓﻲ ﺗﻤﺜﯿﻞ اﻟﺴﺪود‬
‫واﻟﺘﺮﺑﺔ و اﻟﻄﺒﻘﺎت اﻟﺼﺨﺮﯾﺔ واﻟﻘﻮاﻋﺪ اﻻﺳﺎﺳﺎت اذ ﯾﻜﻮن اﻟﻌﻨﺼﺮ اﻟﺤﺠﻤﻲ اداة ﻓﻌﺎﻟﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ‬
‫اﻟﺠﮭﺎدات ﻓﻲ ھﺬه اﻟﻤﺴﺎﺋﻞ وﺗﻤﻠﻚ ﻛﻞ ﻋﻘﺪة ﺛﻼث درﺟﺎت ﺣﺮﯾﺔ )‪) (3degree of freedom‬‬
‫ﺛﻼﺛﺔ اﻧﺘﻘﺎﻟﯿﺔ( ‪.‬‬
‫ﯾﺘﻜﻮن اﻟﻌﻨﺼﺮ اﻟﺤﺠﻤﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺛﻤﺎن ﻋﻘﺪ )‪ (8 nodes‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺸﻜﻞ‬
‫ﯾﻤﻜﻦ ان ﺗﻨﻄﺒﻖ ﺑﻌﺾ اﻟﻌﻘﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﻌﻀﮭﺎ )‪(collapsing nodes‬‬
‫ﻣﻮﻟﺪة ﺑﺬﻟﻚ ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﺣﺠﻤﯿﺔ ﻣﻨﺤﺪرة ﻣﺆﻟﻔﺔ ﻣﻦ )‪ 4‬اﻟﻰ ‪ 7‬ﻋﻘﺪ( وﻓﻖ اﻟﺘﻄﺎﺑﻖ اﻟﺤﺎﺻﻞ ﺑﯿﻦ اﻟﻌﻘﺪ‬

‫ﺧﻼﻓﺎ ﻟﻠﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ اﻟﮭﯿﻜﻠﯿﺔ و اﻟﺼﻔﺎﺋﺤﯿﺔ ﻻﯾﺤﺘﺎج اﻟﻌﻨﺼﺮ اﻟﺤﺠﻤﻲ اﻟﻰ ﺗﺤﺪﯾﺪ ﺛﻮاﺑﺖ ھﻨﺪﺳﯿﺔ )اﻟﺴﻤﻚ‬
‫‪,‬اﻟﻤﻘﻄﻊ‪,‬ﻋﺰوم‪ ,‬ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ اﻟﻤﻘﻄﻊ‪....‬اﻟﺦ( وﻟﻜﻨﺔ ﯾﺘﻄﻠﺐ ﺗﺤﺪﯾﺪ ﺧﻮاص ﻓﯿﺰﯾﺎوﯾﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺎدة ﻛﻤﻌﺎﻣﻞ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺮوﻧﺔ و ﻧﺒﺴﺒﺔ ﺑﻮاﺳﻮن و اﻟﻜﺜﺎﻓﺔ ‪.‬‬

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‫‪Uruk University‬‬ ‫‪Staad Pro‬‬ ‫‪3rd Civil Engineering‬‬
‫‪Ahmed Mahir Mohammed‬‬

‫ﻣﺜﺎل ‪/‬‬

‫ﻟﻐﺮض ﺗﻤﺜﯿﻞ ھﺬا اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ ﯾﺠﺐ اﺗﺒﺎع اﻟﻤﺮاﺣﻞ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻌﻤﻞ ‪:‬‬

‫‪ -1‬ﺑﺪء ﺗﺸﻐﯿﻞ‪ ,‬اﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ‬

‫‪ -2‬اﻧﺸﺎء ﻣﻨﺸﺄ ﺟﺪﯾﺪ‬
‫‪ -3‬اﻧﺸﺎء اﻟﻌﻘﺪ واﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ‬
‫‪ -4‬اﻟﺘﺒﺪﯾﻞ ﺑﯿﻦ اظﮭﺎر و اﺧﻔﺎء ارﻗﺎم اﻟﻌﻘﺪ و اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ‬
‫‪ -5‬ﺗﺤﺪﯾﺪ ﺧﻮاص اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ‬
‫‪ -6‬ﺗﺤﺪﯾﺪ ﻣﻮاﺻﻔﺎت ﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ‬
‫‪ -7‬ﺗﺤﺪﯾﺪ اﻟﺸﺮوط اﻟﺤﺪﯾﺔ )اﻟﻤﺴﺎﻧﺪ(‬
‫‪ -8‬ﺗﺤﺪﯾﺪ اﻟﺤﻤﻮﻻت‬
‫‪ -9‬ﺗﺤﺪﯾﺪ ﻧﻮع اﻟﺘﺤﻠﯿﻞ‬
‫‪ -10‬ﺗﺤﺪﯾﺪ اﻻواﻣﺮ اﻟﻤﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ ﺑﻌﺪ اﻟﺘﺤﻠﯿﻞ‬
‫‪ -11‬ﺗﺤﺪﯾﺪ ﻣﺤﺪات اﻟﺘﺼﻤﯿﻢ‬
‫‪ -12‬اﺗﺠﺎز اﻟﺘﺤﻠﯿﻞ و اﻟﺘﺼﻤﯿﻢ‬
‫‪ -13‬ﻋﺮض ﻣﻠﻔﺎت اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ و اﻟﺘﺤﻘﻖ ﻣﻨﮭﺎ ﺑﯿﺎﻧﯿﺎ و ﻋﺪدﯾﺎ‬

‫اﻟﺤﻞ ‪ /‬ﻧﻔﺘﺢ اﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ و ﻧﺨﺘﺎر ‪ new project‬ﺛﻢ ﻧﻘﻮم ﺑﺎﺧﺘﯿﺎر ‪ plane‬ﻣﻦ اﻟﻘﺎﺋﻤﺔ اﻟﺮﺋﯿﺴﯿﺔ ﻛﻤﺎ ﯾﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﯿﺎر‬
‫اﻟﻮﺣﺪات ﺛﻢ ﻧﻀﻐﻂ ‪ next‬و ﺑﻌﺪھﺎ ﻧﺨﺘﺎر اﻻﯾﻌﺎز ‪. Add Beam‬‬

‫‪ -‬ﺳﻮف ﺗﻈﮭﺮ ﻧﺎﻓﺬه ﻋﻠﻰ ﯾﻤﯿﻦ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ )‪ (data area‬ﯾﻮﺟﺪ ‪ , snap node /beam‬ﻧﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ edit‬ﻓﺘﻈﮭﺮ‬
‫ﻋﺪة ﺧﯿﺎرات ﻣﻨﮭﺎ اﺗﺠﺎة اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮي ‪ plane‬ﻛﺄن ﯾﻜﻮن )‪ , (y-z) , (x-z) , (x-y‬اﯾﻀﺎ ﺗﺤﺪﯾﺪ ‪ , grid origin‬ﻛﻤﺎ‬
‫ﯾﻤﻜﻦ ﺗﺤﺪﯾﺪ اﻟﺘﻘﺴﯿﻢ اﻟﻤﻔﺎﺻﻞ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ ) ‪ . (construction line‬ﻣﺜﻼ ﺷﺒﻜﺔ اﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ اﻻﻓﺘﺮاﺿﯿﺔ ﻣﻘﺴﻤﺔ‬
‫‪ 10×10‬ﺑﺎﺗﺠﺎھﯿﻦ ﻣﺤﺪدﯾﻦ ﻣﻦ ‪ plane‬ﺑﻮاﻗﻊ ‪ 1‬ﻣﺘﺮ ﺑﯿﻦ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ و اﺧﺮى ﺣﯿﺚ ﯾﻤﻜﻦ زﯾﺎدﺗﮭﺎ ﻋﺪد ﺗﻘﺴﯿﻤﺎت اﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ‬
‫ﺑﺎﺗﺠﺎه اﻟﯿﻤﯿﻦ او اﻟﯿﺴﺎر اوﺗﻐﯿﺮ اﻟﻤﺴﺎﻓﺔ ‪. spacing‬‬
‫ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺜﺎل اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ﺳﻨﻘﻮم ﺑﺰﯾﺎدة ال ‪ construction line‬اﻟﻰ ‪ 15‬ﺑﺎﺗﺠﺎة اﻟﯿﻤﯿﻦ ﻟﻜﻮن طﻮل اﻟﻌﺘﺒﺔ )‪ (15‬ﺑﺎﺗﺠﺎة‬
‫ﻣﺤﻮر ‪. X‬‬

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‫‪Uruk University‬‬ ‫‪Staad Pro‬‬ ‫‪3rd Civil Engineering‬‬
‫‪Ahmed Mahir Mohammed‬‬
‫ﻧﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻻﻣﺮ ‪ snap node/beam‬وﻧﺒﺪا ﺑﺮﺳﻢ اﻟﺸﻜﻞ اﻟﮭﻨﺪﺳﻲ اﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮب ﻓﻲ ال ‪ grid‬اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮد ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ‬
‫‪.‬او ﻧﻘﻮم ﺑﺎدﺧﺎل اﺣﺪاﺛﯿﺎت اﻟﻌﻘﺪ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻨﺎﻓﺬة ‪ node‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﯾﻤﯿﻦ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ ﺑﻌﺪ ذﻟﻚ ﻧﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻻﯾﻘﻮﻧﺔ ) ‪Add‬‬
‫‪ (beam‬اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮدة ﻓﻲ ﺷﺮﯾﻂ اﻟﻤﮭﺎم وﻧﺨﺘﺎر ‪Geometry – add beam – add beam from point to‬‬
‫‪ point‬او ﻣﻦ ‪ beams‬ﻓﻲ ﯾﻤﯿﻦ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ ﺣﯿﺚ ﻧﺴﺘﻄﯿﻊ اﺧﺘﯿﺎر اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﺑﯿﻦ اﻟﻌﻘﺪ ﻣﺜﻼ اﻟﻤﻘﻄﻊ اﻻول ﺑﯿﻦ اﻟﻌﻘﺪة ‪1‬‬
‫و ‪ 2‬ﻛﺬﻟﻚ اﻟﻤﻘﻄﻊ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ ﻟﻠﻌﺘﺒﺔ ﺑﯿﻦ اﻟﻌﻘﺪ ‪ 2‬و ‪.3‬‬

‫‪ -‬ﺑﻌﺪ رﺳﻢ اﻟﺸﻜﻞ ﻧﻘﻮم ﺑﺘﺤﺪﯾﺪ ‪ member properties‬ﻋﻦ طﺮﯾﻖ ‪Command – member property-‬‬
‫‪ prismatic‬ﺣﯿﺚ ﻧﻘﻮم ﺑﺘﺤﺪﯾﺪ ﻧﻮع اﻟﻤﻘﻄﻊ اﻟﻤﺮاد اﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻟﮫ ‪ .‬ﻣﺜﻼ ﻧﺨﺘﺎر ‪ circle‬وﻧﺤﺪد ‪.YD = 0.6 m‬‬
‫او اذا ﻛﺎن اﻟﻤﻘﻄﻊ ﻣﺮﺑﻊ او ﻣﺴﺘﻄﯿﻞ ﻧﺨﺘﺎر ‪ Rectangular‬وﻧﺪﺧﻞ ‪.YD , ZD‬‬
‫ﯾﻤﻜﻦ ادﺧﺎل ﻧﻮع اﻟﻤﻘﺎطﻊ ﻋﻦ طﺮﯾﻖ اﺧﺘﯿﺎر ‪ general‬وﻣﻦ ﺛﻢ اﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪.define‬‬

‫ﯾﻘﻮم ﺑﺘﺤﺪﯾﺪ اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ اﻟﻤﺆﺷﺮة ﻓﻘﻂ‬ ‫ﯾﻘﻮم اﻟﻤﺎوس ﺑﺘﺤﺪﯾﺪ اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ اﻟﺘﻲ ﻧﺆﺷﺮ ﻋﻠﯿﮭﺎ‬

‫ﺗﺤﺪﯾﺪ ﺟﻤﯿﻊ اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮدة ﺑﺎﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ‬

‫ﯾﻘﻮم ﺑﺘﺤﺪﯾﺪ اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ اﻟﺘﻲ ﯾﻜﺘﺐ ارﻗﺎﻣﮭﺎ‬

‫‪ -‬اﻟﻤﺴﺎﻧﺪ ‪ : Support‬ﯾﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل اﻟﻤﺴﺎﻧﺪ ﻋﻦ طﺮﯾﻖ اﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ support‬ﻓﻲ ﺷﺮﯾﻂ اﻟﻘﻮاﺋﻢ ﯾﺴﺎر اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ ﺗﻈﮭﺮ‬
‫ﻟﻨﺎ ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺔ ﻧﻘﻮم ﻣﻨﮭﺎ اﺧﺘﯿﺎر ‪ Create‬ﺣﯿﺚ ﺗﻮﺟﺪ ﻟﻐﺮض اﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﻣﺴﻨﺪ ﺟﺪﯾﺪ ﻧﻘﻮم ﺑﺎﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻣﺜﻼﻋﻠﻰ ‪fixed‬‬
‫وﻧﻀﻐﻂ ‪ add‬ﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻟﻞ ‪ hinge‬وﻏﯿﺮھﺎ ‪.‬‬

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‫‪Uruk University‬‬ ‫‪Staad Pro‬‬ ‫‪3rd Civil Engineering‬‬
‫‪Ahmed Mahir Mohammed‬‬

‫ھﻨﺎﻟﻚ ﻋﺪة اﻧﻮاع ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺴﺎﻧﺪ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻟﻞ ‪ Fixed‬ﯾﻜﻮن ﻣﻘﯿﺪ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ‪ Fx,Fy,Fz,Mx,My,Mz‬اي اﻧﮫ ﯾﺤﻮي‬
‫ردود اﻓﻌﺎل وﻋﺰوم ‪.‬‬
‫‪ Pinned‬ﯾﻜﻮن ھﺬا اﻟﻤﺴﻨﺪ ﻣﻘﯿﺪ ‪ Fx,Fy,Fz‬اي ان ھﺬا اﻟﻤﺴﻨﺪ ﯾﺤﻮي ردود اﻓﻌﺎل ﻓﻘﻂ واﯾﻀﺎ ﯾﺤﺼﻞ ﻓﯿﺔ دوران‬
‫)‪(rotation‬‬
‫‪ Roller‬ﻓﻲ ھﺬه اﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ ﻓﺎﻧﻨﺎ ﻧﻘﻮم ﺑﺎﺧﺘﯿﺎر ‪ fixed but‬ﺣﯿﺚ ان ﺧﺼﺎﺋﺺ ھﺬا اﻟﻤﺴﻨﺪ اﻣﺎ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺠﺎه اﻟﻌﺎﻣﻮدي او‬
‫اﻻﻓﻘﻲ وﻓﯿﮫ رد ﻓﻌﻞ واﺣﺪ ‪ .‬ﻣﻦ ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺔ ‪ fixed but‬و ﻓﻲ ﺧﺎﻧﺔ ‪ release‬ﻧﻀﻊ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺻﺢ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺮﺑﻊ اﻟﺤﻮار ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫‪ Fx,Fy,Fz‬ﺣﺴﺐ اﺗﺠﺎه اﻟﺤﺮﻛﺔ ﻛﺬﻟﻚ ‪ Mx,My,Mz‬دﻻﻟﮫ ﻋﻠﻰ وﺟﻮد ‪ Rotation‬ﻓﻲ ھﺬه اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ ‪.‬‬
‫‪ : Spring‬ﻓﻲ ھﺬا اﻟﻨﻮع ﯾﺠﺐ ﺗﺜﺒﯿﺖ ﻣﻘﺪار ال ‪ stiffness‬ﺑﻮﺣﺪات ﻗﻮة‪/‬وﺣﺪة طﻮل ﺣﯿﺚ ﺗﺴﻤﺢ ھﺬه اﻟﺮﻛﯿﺰة‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﺪوران اﯾﻀﺎ ‪ .‬ﯾﻤﻜﻦ ﺗﻤﺜﯿﻠﮭﺎ ﻣﻦ اﺧﺘﯿﺎر ‪ Fixed but‬ﻣﻦ ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺔ ال ‪ support‬وﻓﻲ ﺧﺎﻧﺔ ‪ release‬ﻧﻀﻊ ﻣﻮﺷﺮ‬
‫ﺻﺢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺮﺑﻊ اﻟﺤﻮار ‪ Mz‬وﻧﻜﺘﺐ ﻣﻘﺪار ال ‪ stiffness‬ﻓﻲ ﺣﻘﻞ ال ‪). K‬ﻣﻘﺪار اﻟﮭﻄﻮل وﺣﺪة واﺣﺪة ﻟﻜﻞ ﻗﻮة‬
‫ﻣﺴﻠﻄﺔ( ‪.‬ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺜﺎل ﺳﻨﻘﻮم ﺑﺎدﺧﺎل اﻟﻤﺴﺎﻧﺪ ‪fixed‬‬

‫‪ -‬ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻒ و ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﻤﺎل ‪ :member loads‬ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺜﺎل ﻧﻮع اﻻﺣﻤﺎل ھﻮ ﺣﻤﻞ ﻣﻨﺘﺸﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻌﺘﺒﺎت ‪1 , 2‬‬
‫ﻣﻘﺪاره ‪ 10kn‬و اﻟﻌﺘﺒﺔ اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ ﻗﯿﻤﺘﮫ ‪. 5kn‬‬
‫ھﻨﺎﻟﻚ ﻋﺪة اﻧﻮاع ﻣﻦ اﻻﺣﻤﺎل اﻟﻤﺴﻠﻄﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ ‪dead load – live load – wind load – seismic‬‬
‫‪load and snow load‬‬

‫اﻻﺣﻤﺎل اﻟﻤﯿﺘﺔ ) ‪ (dead load‬ﺗﺸﻤﻞ اﻟﻮزن اﻟﺬاﺗﻲ ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺸﺄ ‪ ,‬وزن اﻟﻄﺎﺑﻮق ‪ ,‬وزن اﻟﺠﺪران اﻟﺪاﺧﻠﯿﺔ و اﻟﺨﺎرﺟﯿﺔ ‪,‬‬
‫اوزان اﻻﻧﮭﺎءات ﻣﺜﻞ اﻟﻜﺎﺷﻲ و اﻟﺴﯿﺮاﻣﯿﻚ و اﻟﻤﺮﻣﺮ و اﻟﺘﺮاب و اﻟﺸﺘﺎﻛﯿﺮ و ﻣﻮﻧﺔ اﻻﺳﻤﻨﺖ ‪.....‬اﻟﺦ‬

‫اﻻﺣﻤﺎل اﻟﺤﯿﺔ )‪ (Live load‬ﺗﺸﻤﻞ وزن اﻻﺷﺨﺎص و اﻻﺛﺎث واﻟﺒﻀﺎﺋﻊ و اﻟﻤﻜﺎﺋﻦ ‪ ,‬وزن اﻟﻤﺮور ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺠﺴﻮر‬
‫‪,‬وزن اﻟﻤﺎء اﻟﻤﺴﻠﻂ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺟﺪران اﻟﺨﺰان ‪ ....‬اﻟﺦ‬

‫ﺗﺼﻨﻒ اﻻﺣﻤﺎل اﻟﺤﯿﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺒﻨﺎﯾﺎت ﺣﺴﺐ وظﯿﻔﺘﮭﺎ ‪:‬‬

‫‪ -1‬ﺑﻨﺎﯾﺔ ﺳﻜﻨﯿﺔ )ﺑﯿﻮت ‪ ,‬ﻓﻨﺎدق ‪....‬اﻟﺦ(‬
‫‪ -2‬ﻣﺆﺳﺴﺎت )ﻣﺴﺘﺸﻔﯿﺎت ‪ ,‬وزرات ‪ ,‬دواﺋﺮ ‪......‬اﻟﺦ(‬
‫‪ -3‬ﻣﺠﻤﻌﺎت ) ﻣﺴﺎرح ‪ ,‬ﻗﺎﻋﺎت ‪ .......,‬اﻟﺦ(‬
‫‪ -4‬اﻋﻤﺎل ) ﺑﻨﺎﯾﺔ ‪ ,‬ﻣﻜﺘﺐ(‬
‫‪ -5‬ﻣﺨﺎزن ) ﻣﺴﺘﻮدﻋﺎت(‬

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‫‪Uruk University‬‬ ‫‪Staad Pro‬‬ ‫‪3rd Civil Engineering‬‬
‫‪Ahmed Mahir Mohammed‬‬
‫ﯾﻤﻜﻦ ﺗﺼﻤﯿﻢ وﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺎت ﻟﻼﺣﻤﺎل اﻟﻤﺮﻛﺒﺔ ﺣﺴﺐ اﻟﻜﻮد ‪ ACI 318 2008‬و ‪ASIC 2005‬‬
‫) ‪1- D+L ( for foundation calculations and steel design‬‬
‫) ‪2- 1.2D+1.6L ( for design of R.C columns and beams‬‬
‫) ‪3- 0.9D +1.6W ( for design of R.C columns and beams‬‬
‫) ‪4- 0.9D1+1.0 E (for design of R.C columns and beams‬‬
‫) ‪5- 1.2D +0.1L+ 1.0W (for design of R.C columns and beams‬‬
‫)‪6- 1.2D+1.0L + 1.0E (for design of R.C columns and beams‬‬
‫) ‪7- 0.75 (D+L+W) (for design steel section‬‬
‫)‪8- 0.75 (D+L+E) (for design steel section‬‬
‫‪Where D = dead load , L = Live load , W = wind load , E = earthquake load‬‬
‫ﻟﻐﺮض وﺗﻜﻮﯾﻦ وﺗﺴﻠﯿﻂ اﻻﺣﻤﺎل ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ ﻧﺬھﺐ اﻟﻰ اﻻﻣﺮ ‪ General – load‬او ﻋﻦ طﺮﯾﻖ اﺧﺘﯿﺎر‬
‫‪ , Command – loading‬ﻓﻲ ﺻﻔﺤﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ ﺗﻈﮭﺮ ﻟﻨﺎ اﻟﻨﺎﻓﺬه اﻟﺘﺎﻟﯿﺔ ﺣﯿﺚ ﻧﻘﻮم ﺑﺎﺧﺘﯿﺎر ‪Load case details‬‬
‫ﺛﻢ ﻧﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻻﯾﻌﺎز ‪ add‬ﺣﯿﺚ ﺗﻈﮭﺮ اﻟﻘﺎﺋﻤﺔ )‪ ,(Load Case‬ﻓﻤﺜﻼ ﻧﻀﯿﻒ ‪DL‬او ‪LL‬وھﻜﺬا ﺣﺴﺐ‬
‫اﻟﺤﺎﻻت اﻟﺨﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺤﻤﯿﻞ وﻧﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ Add‬ﺑﻌﺪھﺎ ﺗﻈﮭﺮ ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺔ ‪ Load items‬وﻓﯿﮭﺎ ﻋﺪة اﻧﻮاع ﻣﻦ اﻻﺣﻤﺎل ‪.‬‬
‫وﺣﺴﺐ اﻟﻤﺜﺎل ﻧﻘﻮم ﺑﺎﺧﺘﯿﺎر ‪ member load –uniform force ,‬وﻧﺪﺧﻞ اﻟﻘﯿﻢ اﻟﺘﻲ ﻣﻘﺪارھﺎ ‪ 10 , 5‬ﻓﻲ ﺣﻘﻞ‬
‫‪ force ,‬وﺗﻜﻮن ﻗﯿﻤﺘﮭﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻘﺪار اﻟﺴﺎﻟﺐ اي ‪ -10 , -5‬ﻟﻜﻮن اﺗﺠﺎه اﻟﻘﻮة واﻗﻊ ﺑﺎﺗﺠﺎة ﻣﻌﺎﻛﺲ ﻟﻞ ‪ . GY‬وﺑﻨﻔﺲ‬
‫اﻟﻄﺮﯾﻘﺔ ﺑﻌﺪھﺎ ادﺧﺎل ﻛﻞ ﻗﯿﻤﺔ ﻧﻘﻮم ﺑﺎﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ Add‬ﺛﻢ ﻋﻤﻞ ‪ assign‬ﻟﻜﻞ ﻗﯿﻤﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻌﺘﺒﺎت ‪.‬‬

‫‪ :GY‬ﺗﻌﻨﻲ ان ادﺧﺎل ھﺬه اﻟﻘﯿﻤﺔ ھﻮ ﺑﺎﻻﺣﺪاﺛﯿﺎت اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻮﺟﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﺎﺷﺔ اﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ‪ ,‬اﻣﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎل ﻛﺎن اﻟﻌﻨﺼﺮ ﻣﺎﺋﻼ‬
‫ﯾﺘﻢ اﻟﺘﻌﺒﯿﺮ ﻋﻦ اﺣﺪاﺛﯿﺎت اﺧﺮى وھﻲ ‪Y,X‬ﺑﺪون ‪. G‬‬

‫‪ -‬ﺑﻌﺪ اﻻﻧﺘﮭﺎء ﻣﻦ اﺿﺎﻓﺔ اﻻﺣﻤﺎل ﻧﻘﻮم ﺑﺎﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪Command – analysis- perform analysis-no‬‬
‫‪print‬‬
‫‪ -‬اﺧﯿﺮأ ﻧﻘﻮم ﺑﺎﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻻﯾﻜﻮﻧﺔ ‪analyze- go to post processing mode –ok‬‬
‫ﺣﯿﺚ ﺗﻈﮭﺮ ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ اﻟﺤﻞ اﻟﺨﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺜﺎل ‪.‬‬

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Uruk University Staad Pro 3rd Civil Engineering
Ahmed Mahir Mohammed

‫ اﻟﻌﺰوم ﺣﯿﺚ ﯾﻤﻜﻦ‬bending moment z ‫ واﻟﺼﻮرة اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ب‬, ‫ ﺑﻌﺪاﻻﻧﺘﮭﺎء ﯾﺘﻢ اظﮭﺎر اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ‬-
‫ ﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ اظﮭﺎر ﻗﯿﻢ اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮد ﯾﻤﻜﻦ اﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻰ‬. ‫اظﮭﺎرھﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل اﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻻﯾﻜﻮﻧﺔ‬
‫ وﻛﺬﻟﻚ‬. ‫ ﺑﻌﺪ اﻻﻧﺘﮭﺎء‬annotate ‫ ﺛﻢ ﻧﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻰ‬beam result ‫ وﻧﺨﺘﺎر‬Result – view result -
.reactions ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻻﺟﮭﺪات اﻟﻘﺺ و اردود اﻻﻓﻌﺎل‬

Editor ‫ﺧﻄﻮات اﻟﺤﻞ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام‬

STAAD PLANE
START JOB INFORMATION
ENGINEER DATE 25-Feb-04
END JOB INFORMATION
INPUT WIDTH 79
UNIT METER KN
joi coo
100
250
3 10 0
4 15 0
mem inc
112
223
334
mem pro
1 to 3 pri yd 0.6
con
e con all
sup
1 to 4 pinned
load 1
mem loa
1 2 uni y -10
3 uni y -5
perform analysis
print analysis result
FINISH

12
‫‪Uruk University‬‬ ‫‪Staad Pro‬‬ ‫‪3rd Civil Engineering‬‬
‫‪Ahmed Mahir Mohammed‬‬

‫ﻣﺜﺎل ‪2/‬‬

‫اﻟﺤﻞ ‪ /‬ﻧﻼﺣﻆ اﻟﻔﺮق اﻟﻮﺣﯿﺪ اﻟﺬي ظﮭﺮ ﻋﻦ اﻟﻤﺜﺎل اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ ھﻮ ظﮭﻮر ﻗﻮة ﻣﺮﻛﺰة ﻋﻠﻰ ال ‪ node2‬ودﺧﻮل ﻋﺎﻣﻞ‬
‫ﺟﺪﯾﺪ ‪.(Joi loa). joint load‬‬
‫‪ -1‬ﻧﻘﻮم ﺑﺎدﺧﺎل اﺣﺪاﺛﯿﺎت اﻟﻌﻘﺪ و اﯾﺼﺎل ال ‪ member beams‬ﻋﻦ طﺮﯾﻖ اﻟﻮﺻﻞ ﺑﯿﻦ اﻟﻨﻘﺎط اﻣﺎ ﺑﺎﺧﺘﯿﺎر رﻗﻢ‬
‫اﻟﻌﻨﺼﺮ ﺑﯿﻦ اﻟﻌﻘﺪ او ﻋﻦ طﺮﯾﻖ ‪geometry – add beam – add beam from point to point‬‬

‫‪ -2‬ﺗﺤﺪﯾﺪ ‪ member properties‬ﻋﻦ طﺮﯾﻖ اﺧﺘﯿﺎر – ‪command – member property – prismatic‬‬

‫‪ rectangular‬و ﻧﻘﻮم ﺑﺎدﺧﺎل ‪ YD =0.12 and ZD= 0.6‬ﺛﻢ ﻧﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ add‬وﺑﻌﺪھﺎ ﻧﺨﺘﺎر طﺮﯾﻘﺔ ال‬
‫‪assign‬‬

‫‪ -3‬ﻧﻘﻮم ﺑﺎﻧﺸﺎء اﻟﻤﺴﺎﻧﺪ ﻓﻲ ﻛﻞ طﺮف ﻋﻦ طﺮﯾﻖ ‪ General – support – create‬او ﻋﻦ طﺮﯾﻖ‬

‫‪Command – support specification-pinned‬‬
‫‪ -4‬ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻒ و اﺿﺎﻓﺔ اﻻﺣﻤﺎل ﻋﻦ ﻋﻦ طﺮﯾﻖ اﺧﺘﯿﺎر ‪General – load definition –load case details‬‬
‫او طﺮﯾﻖ ‪ command – loading – primary load‬وھﻨﻨﺎ ﻟﺪﯾﻨﺎ ﺣﺎﻟﺘﯿﻦ اﻻوﻟﻰ ‪ uniform load‬وﻣﻨﮭﺎ‬
‫ﻧﺨﺘﺎر ‪ member load – uniform force‬وﺗﻜﻮن ﻗﯿﻤﺔ ‪ w1 = -50‬اي ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺠﺎه اﻟﻤﻌﺎﻛﺲ ﻟﻠﻤﺤﻮر اﻟﺼﺎدي ‪.‬‬
‫اﻣﺎ اﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﯿﺔ ﻓﻨﺨﺘﺎر ‪.nodal load – fx 30‬‬
‫ﻛﻤﺎ ذﻛﺮ ﺳﺎﺑﻘﺎ ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ادﺧﺎل ھﺬا اﻟﻨﻮع ﻣﻦ اﻻﺣﻤﺎل ﯾﺘﻢ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ اﻻﻣﺮ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺤﺮر اﻟﻨﺼﻮص‬
‫‪joi loa‬‬
‫‪2 fx 30‬‬

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Uruk University Staad Pro 3rd Civil Engineering
Ahmed Mahir Mohammed
‫ ﺣﯿﺚ ان‬CON GY -20 3 ‫ ﻓﺘﺘﻢ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺘﮭﺎ ﻛﺬﻟﻚ‬MEMBER ‫اﻣﺎ اذا ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ھﻨﺎك ﻗﻮة ﻣﺮﻛﺰة ﻣﻮﺟﻮدة ﻓﻲ وﺳﻂ‬
‫ ﯾﻤﺜﻞ ﺑﻌﺪ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ ﻋﻦ اﻟﻌﻨﺼﺮ‬3 ‫اﻟﺮﻗﻢ‬

command – analysis – perform analysis -5

analyze - 6

INPUT WIDTH 79
UNIT METER KN
JOINT COORDINATES
1 0 0 0 ; 2 0 5 0 ; 3 6 5 0 ;4 6 0 0
MEMBER INCIDENCES
1 1 2 ; 2 2 3 ;3 3 4
MEMBER PROPERTY
1 to 3 pris Yd 0.6 ZD 0.12
MATERIAL CONCRETE ALL
SUPPORTS
1 4 PINNED
LOAD 1 LOADTYPE None TITLE load
MEMBER LOAD
2UNI GY -50
JOINT LOAD
2 FX 30
PERFORM ANALYSIS
FINISH

3 /‫ﻣﺜﺎل‬

-----

4/ ‫ﻣﺜﺎل‬

14
Uruk University Staad Pro 3rd Civil Engineering
Ahmed Mahir Mohammed

/‫اﻟﺤﻞ‬
1-snap nodes/beams
2-member
3-command- member properties- prismatic – rectangular - Yd 1 Zd 0.3- add – assign
4-command – support specification – pinned – add – assign
5-command – loading – primary load – add – add new
For uniform load member load – uniform force – W1 = -1.5 - add
For nodal force nodal load - node – Fx 3- add
For concentrated force member load – concentrated force - -2.5 - (local)y –add
6- command – analysis- perform analysis – no print
7- analyze – run analyze – go to post processing mode

Change graphical display unit ‫ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﺗﻐﯿﺮ اﻟﻮﺣﺪات ﺑﻌﺪ اﻟﺤﻞ ﻧﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻻﯾﻜﻮﻧﺔ‬
Axial force ‫ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ اظﮭﺎر ال‬
Result – view value –beam result ‫ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﺗﻐﯿﺮ ﻣﻘﯿﺎس اﻻﺣﻤﺎل‬
Right click-labels – load and result

‫ ﺣﯿﺚ ﯾﺘﻢ اﻋﺘﺒﺎر ﻧﻘﻄﺔ اﻟﺮﻛﯿﺰة‬support ‫ ﯾﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎﻟﮭﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺔ‬: ( inclined support)‫ اﻟﻤﺴﻨﺪ اﻟﻤﺎﺋﻞ‬-
.(reference point) ‫( ورﺑﻄﮭﺎ ﺑﻨﻘﻄﺔ ﻣﺮﺟﻌﯿﺔ‬origin)

(1 , 1 , 0) (-1 , 1 , 0) ‫ ﻟﯿﺘﻢ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻣﯿﻼن اﻟﻤﺴﻨﺪ‬X Y Z ‫ﺣﯿﺚ ﺗﻌﻄﻰ ﻗﯿﻢ ﻟﻼﺣﺪاﺛﯿﺎت‬

(1 , -1 , 0
(-1 , -1 , 0

15
Uruk University Staad Pro 3rd Civil Engineering
Ahmed Mahir Mohammed
‫ ﻓﻲ‬displacement support ‫ ﻋﺪا اﻧﮫ ﯾﻤﻜﻦ ﺗﺴﻠﯿﻂ‬fixed ‫ ﻧﻔﺲ ﺧﺼﺎﺋﺺ اﻟﻤﺴﻨﺪ‬: Enforce ‫اﻟﻤﺴﻨﺪ‬
. ‫ ﻓﻼ ﯾﻤﻜﻦ ﺗﺴﻠﯿﻂ ھﻜﺬا ﻧﻮع ﻣﻦ اﻻﺣﻤﺎل ﻋﻠﯿﮫ‬Fixed ‫اﻣﺎ اﻟﻤﺴﻨﺪ‬Solid plate ‫اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ‬

: Cursor ,‫اﻧﻮاع اﻟﻤﺆﺷﺮات‬

16
‫‪Uruk University‬‬ ‫‪Staad Pro‬‬ ‫‪3rd Civil Engineering‬‬
‫‪Ahmed Mahir Mohammed‬‬

‫ﻣﺜﺎل ‪/5‬‬

‫اﻟﺤﻞ ‪ /‬اﻟﻤﺜﺎل اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ﺳﻨﻘﻮم ﺑﺎﺧﺘﯿﺎر ﻋﺪة اﺣﻤﺎل ﻣﺠﻤﻌﺔ ﻟﻼﺣﻤﺎل اﻟﺤﯿﺔ و اﻟﻤﯿﺘﺔ و اﺣﻤﺎل اﻟﺮﯾﺎح‬

‫);‪1- snap node / beam (joi coo 1 0 0 0; 2 0 7 0; 3 15 7 0; 4 15 0 0‬‬

‫)‪2-add beams ( mem inc 1 1 2; 2 2 3; 3 3 4‬‬
‫‪3- command – member property – prismatic - rectangular – Yd 1.2 Zd 0.4-add –assign‬‬
‫)‪to view ( mem pro 1 to 3 pris YD 1.2 ZD 0.4‬‬
‫‪5-general – support – create – fixed – add- pinned – add – use cursor to assign‬‬
‫) ‪(support 4 fixed 1 pinned‬‬
‫‪6- general – load and definition – load case details‬‬
‫ﻟﻠﺤﻤﻞ اﻟﻤﯿﺖ ادﺧﻞ اول ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺗﺤﻤﯿﻞ و ﻓﻲ ﺧﺎﻧﺔ اﻟﻌﻨﻮان )‪ (dead load‬ﺛﻢ اﺿﻐﻂ ‪add‬‬
‫ﻟﻠﺤﻤﻞ اﻟﺤﻲ ادﺧﻞ ﺛﺎﻧﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺗﺤﻤﯿﻞ و ﻓﻲ ﺧﺎﻧﺔ اﻟﻌﻨﻮان )‪ (live load‬ﺛﻢ اﺿﻐﻂ ‪add‬‬
‫ﻟﻠﺤﻤﻞ اﻟﺮﯾﺎح ادﺧﻞ ﺛﺎﻟﺚ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺗﺤﻤﯿﻞ و ﻓﻲ ﺧﺎﻧﺔ اﻟﻌﻨﻮان )‪ (wind load‬ﺛﻢ اﺿﻐﻂ ‪add‬‬
‫ﻧﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﻮع اﻟﺤﻤﻞ اﻻول ‪add‬وﻧﻘﻮم ﺑﺎﺧﺘﯿﺎر ‪member load- uniform force- -2 –Gy‬‬
‫ﻧﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﻮع اﻟﺤﻤﻞ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ ‪add‬وﻧﻘﻮم ﺑﺎﺧﺘﯿﺎر ‪member load- uniform force- -2.5 –Gy‬‬
‫ﻧﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﻮع اﻟﺤﻤﻞ اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ ‪add‬وﻧﻘﻮم ﺑﺎﺧﺘﯿﺎر ‪nodal load- uniform force- 10 –Fx‬‬
‫ﺑﻌﺪھﺎ ﻧﻘﻮم ﺑﺘﻮزﯾﻊ اﻻﺣﻤﺎل ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻌﺘﺒﺎت و ﺣﻤﻞ اﻟﺮﯾﺎح اﻟﺠﺎﻧﺒﻲ‬
‫ﻣﻦ اﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻌﺔ ‪command – loading – load combination‬‬

‫ﻧﻘﻮم ﺑﺎدﺧﺎل ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ اﻟﺮاﺑﻌﺔ اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻌﺔ وھﻲ ‪DL+LL‬‬

‫ﻧﻘﻮم ﺑﺎدﺧﺎل ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ اﻟﺨﺎﻣﺴﺔ اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻌﺔ وھﻲ ‪DL+WL‬‬
‫ﻧﻘﻮم ﺑﺎدﺧﺎل ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ اﻟﺴﺎدﺳﺔ اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻌﺔ وھﻲ ‪DL+LL+WL‬‬
‫ﺣﯿﺚ ﯾﺘﻢ اﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﻛﻞ ﻧﻮع ﺣﻤﻞ ﻣﻊ اﻻﺧﺮ وﯾﻤﻜﻦ ﺗﻐﯿﺮ ال ‪Factor‬‬
‫ﻛﻤﺜﺎل ‪1.2DL+1.4 LL‬‬

‫‪Load 1‬‬
‫)‪(mem loa 2 uni Gy-2‬‬

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Uruk University Staad Pro 3rd Civil Engineering
Ahmed Mahir Mohammed
Load 2
(mem loa 2 uni Gy -2.5)
Load 3
Joi load 2 fx 10
6- command – analysis- perform analysis – no print
7- analyze – run analyze – go to post processing mode

/6 ‫ﻣﺜﺎل‬

‫ ﻟﺬﻟﻚ ﺳﻨﺎﺧﺬ‬X ‫ ﺗﺎﺧﺬ ﻣﯿﻞ اﻟﻌﺘﺒﺔ ﻋﺎﻣﻮدي ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺤﻮر‬Roller‫اﻟﺮﻛﯿﺰة اﻟﻤﺎﺋﻠﺔ وھﻲ ﻣﻦ ﻧﻮع‬/‫اﻟﺤﻞ‬

.(2:1) ‫ ﺑﻤﻌﻨﻰ‬Y‫ ﺿﻌﻒ ﻟﻞ‬X ‫اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ اﻟﻤﺮﺟﻌﯿﺔ ﺳﯿﻜﻮن ﻟﻞ‬

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