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IoT Based Home Security and Automation System: A Review
IoT Based Home Security and Automation System: A Review
information that may be used to improve the service, or be In addition to making support challenges for vendors, this
analysed by marketers to learn regarding consumers' habits could leave devices vulnerable to attack. All of this creates
to create and grow existing relationships. a complex situation from a product liability perspective, as
Much of the information being generated and collected is the device being used at any given point may function very
'personal information' inside the that means of Directive differently to the device the consumer first bought. Since
95/46/EC, and with the overall information Protection many connected devices need an ongoing service
Regulation (GDPR) set to come back into force within the component from the vendor to program, the consumer
EU on twenty five could 2018, any businesses wanting to facing T&Cs associated with a service are one way for
require advantage of those opportunities ought to keep manufacturers to try to limit and exclude liability.
information privacy at the highest of their agendas[5]. Even Those adequacy of this methodology will vary by
if the systems aren't hacked by malicious third parties, users jurisdiction, and the law is probable will venture in with
and customers should be confident that the vendors render exclusions or limitations invalid in jurisdictions with
provision these product and services area unit by a more protective attitude to consumer privileges.
themselves trustworthy. Where the relevant manufacturer has partnered with
Vendors ought to see compliance with information another device manufacturer or platform provider, these
protection laws as a value differentiator when developing kinds of liability issues might be tended in the agreements
their product offerings and selling methods. Vendors that that legislate the commercial relationship.
fail to do this may step by step lose and more and more In large number of cases, where manufacturers simply
information and privacy aware market. In addition, failing follow a distributed standard for device interaction,
clearly to tell customers concerning however their alternately use a recorded government funded API,
information is collected, hold on and processed could liabilities will a chance to be clearly delineated, and
breach the GDPR and end in fines of up to €20m or four vendors will have to proceed on the supposition that they
per cent of world annual turnover, whichever is higher[5]. might bear an significant and only those hazard regardless
of there are outward elements included.
3) Data transformation and integration
Those evolving 'connected home' implies that huge 3. WIRELESS COMMUNICATION
numbers related professions, for example, locksmith, TECHNOLOGIES
heating engineer and electrician, need to consider putting
software at the heart of their businesses and transforming There are other different technologies which are used in the
themselves into digital providers to keep up with the wireless sensor networks .these are : ZigBee , Z-Wave, Wi-
market. Fi , Bluetooth, 6LoWPAN, RFID etc.
These experts still represent key intermediaries for
consumer choices about major installation projects. 1) ZigBee is an IEEE 802.15.4 based communication
Vendors that see this, Furthermore provide software tools protocol for creating small Personal Area Network. The
which can be deployed to interrelate with particular ZigBee technology is simpler and less expensive than other
products, are more likely to profit from the goodwill personal area network technologies such as Bluetooth. It
generated in the professional community. can transmit data for distances to 10-100 meters line-of-
Another aspect to consider is standardization and the ability sight due to its low power consumption. It is normally used
to connect to systems/devices from other manufacturers. in the applications which require low data rate and long
Having APIs or other standards-based connectivity battery life while ensuring secure transmission.
solutions that allow devices to control/be controlled by
other devices can add significantly to the overall value 2) Wi-Fi is a WLAN (Wireless Local Area Network)
proposition to the consumer. technology based on the IEEE 820.11 standards. Wi-Fi uses
This raises the question of which company owns particular radio waves to exchange data amongst things within 100 m
standards for device interconnectivity. Where any range. Wi-Fi enables smart devices to communicate and
partnerships with other device manufacturers, platform exchange information without using a router with some ad
providers or app developers are to be considered, both hoc configurations. Devices that can use Wi-Fi technology
parties should address and carefully document how any include personal computers, smart phones, digital cameras,
newly created intellectual property will be owned at the tablet computers, smart TVs, digital audio players, modern
outset to avoid difficulties down the line[5]. printers etc. Wi-Fi compatible devices can connect to the
Internet via a WLAN and a wireless access point.
4) Liability:
Solutions to smart device problems often come in the form 3) Bluetooth presents a communication technology that
of updates and patches, which aren't continuously totally operates over short distances using short-wavelength radio
dependable. Developers also need to tolerate in mind that to exchange data between devices and with minimized
not all users will download updates as they become power consumption. Bluetooth's standard area network
available, leading to 'version lag' as devices continue to run range is about 10 meters i.e. for indoor applications.
older software. Bluetooth low energy (BLE) a short range radio with a
reduced amount of power consumption to operate for a
longer time (even for years). Its communication range is any authorized entity. Such resources are also protected
range is ten times higher than a classic Bluetooth and against any incident that threatens their availability.
therefore it is very ideal and widely used in IoT 4) Authenticity: the validation that communicating parties
applications. are who they claim they are, and that messages supposedly
sent by them are indeed sent by them.
4) 6LoWPAN stands for IPv6 over Low power Wireless 5) Authorization: the assurance that the access rights of
Personal Area Network. So it is integration of Low power every entity in the system are defined for the purposes of
IEEE 802.15.4 devices into IPv6 networks. It defines set of access control.
protocols to be utilized as a part of integration of sensor 6) Non repudiation: the assurance that undeniable proof
nodes into IPv6 network. The application areas for low will exist to verify the truthfulness of any claim of an
power radio communication includes home automation, entity.
offices and environmental monitoring since they require
wireless internet connectivity at lower data rates. 5. LITERATURE REVIEW
5) RFID is known as radio-frequency identification. It is a Different technologies used to build up a home automation
bidirectional radio frequency identification system, which system will be discussed in this section (Figure 3) along
consists of tags and readers that can be interfaced to with their benefits, features and their applications:
handheld computing devices or personal computers. It
follows the electronic product code (EPC) protocol. It can
coexist with other technologies, such as ¬ZigBee and Wi-
Fi. RFID operates under a wide range of frequency bands,
which vary from 120 kHz - 10 GHz and the detection
distance can vary from 10 cm - 200 m. It can provide the
data rate of up to 4 Mbps. RFID is used in home area
network applications such as lighting control, etc.
The protection afforded to an automated information A ZigBee based low cost and flexible home automation
system in order to attain the applicable objectives of system has been introduced in reference [6]. The
preserving the confidentiality, integrity, availability, controlling and monitoring of the home's low and high date
authenticity, authorization and non repudiation of rate such as multimedia applications was implemented by
information system resources (includes hardware, software, using ZigBee and Wi-Fi standard. A home gateway has
firmware, information/ data, and telecommunications) been developed to provide interoperability between these
networks. The Home Gateway was integrated with a virtual
The smart home security objectives are as follows: home. The home gateway was used to overcome the
1) Confidentiality: the assurance that data will be problem of insufficient network interoperability, identified
disclosed only to authorized individuals or systems. in existing home automation approaches and also it reduces
2) Integrity: the assurance that the accuracy and the inflexibility in the control modes of existing home
consistency of data will be maintained. No unauthorized automation systems. The virtual home was used to prevent
modifications, destruction or losses of data will go any event that may pose a security or safety concern from
undetected. implementation in the home networks.
3) Availability: the assurance that any network resource
(data/ bandwidth/equipment) will always be available for
Communication
ZigBee EM357, GSM IEEE 802.15.4 , ZigBee, RFID ZigBee, Wi-Fi
interface
low cost, low power consumption and flexible and scalable, reduce the system’s complexity
user friendly way of a reliable portable monitoring and Flexible and scalable and Benefits
TABLE 1: ZIGBEE BASED WIRELESS HOME
8 7 6 5 4
Page 6
International Journal of Emerging Trends & Technology in Computer Science (IJETTCS)
Web Site: www.ijettcs.org Email: editor@ijettcs.org, editorijettcs@gmail.com
Volume 7, Issue 2, March - April 2018 ISSN 2278-6856
5.2 GSM BASED HOME AUTOMATION SYSTEM The design and implementation of home security system
based GSM cellular communication network was described
The design and implementation of low cost, low power in reference [18]. The system was used switch, monitoring
consumption and GSM/GPRS based home security system for any interrupt or intrusion. When any interrupt was
was described in reference [14]. The system contains a detected, then it send to the 8051 microcontroller. Then the
GSM/GPRS gateway and three wireless security sensor microcontroller send warning SMS message to the Android
nodes: door security nodes, infrared security nodes and fire phone via GSM network. If user replied immediately in
alarm nodes. The system has used two 8-bit PSoC given or defined time period, a reply SMS is sent back to
(Programmable System on Chip) to process the the remote modem and then the buzzer in the remote place
various sensors and should be triggered alarming about a possible intrusion as
shown in Figure 5 .
GSM/GPRS wireless technology. The system receives
information of sensor nodes and it send to the Another effective digital notice board and a home
microprocessor. If any node alarms, then it display alarm automation system using a GSM SIM900 module was
message on the LCD and sends SMS messages to user. The presented in reference [19]. The system has used 32-bit
low-power consumption remote home security alarm ARM based microcontroller LPC2148, GSM SIM900
system developed by applying WSN and GSM technology module, a motor, an LCD and an android application for
was presented in reference [15]. The system has used user interface with the hardware. The android application
C8051F310 MCU controller to program different sensors was used to monitor and control the home appliances like
such as Gas, Temperature, PIR, Pyroelectric infrared light, fan etc. and the status of the home appliances and
detector, smoke detector and SIMENS TC35 GSM network message can be displayed on the LCD. To control the home
and WSN (Wireless Sensor Network). The sensor node was appliances, the user can sent SMS to the Microcontroller
used to collect the information and send to the via GSM module from any location in the world. The home
microcontroller. If it can detect the theft, leaking of raw gas automation based GSM module using Raspberry Pi has
and fire then it send alarm short message remotely to the been implemented in reference [20]. The Home automation
user. system may contain Raspberry Pi controller to control
Another widely used microcontroller is 8-bit ATmega328 lightning in the house, HAVC( Heating, Ventilation and air
microcontroller board. The model described by [16] was an conditioning),Security locks of gates, doors etc. via SMS
GSM Based home security system primarily equipped with service using GSM communication network. The Smart
Gas detector, Smoke detector, PIR sensor and wireless Home Automation Security and Energy Efficient Wireless
technology GSM. The system was designed to detect System using GSM was developed by [21]. The system has
burglary, leaking of gas, smoke caused due to fire and after used PIC18F452 microcontroller to program the various
detecting suspicious activity it sends a alarm short message sensors like temperature sensor, motion sensor, etc and
to the user's cell phone. The whole process was controlled communication technology GSM . The system control the
by a android cell phone application. The analysis and light, fan etc Moreover, it also control the outside
implementation of the home automation technology using environment such as main door , garage door and irrigation.
Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM) modem If the system detects a motion then send a signal to the
to control home appliances such as light, conditional microcontroller and microcontroller send a SMS message
system, and security system via Short Message Service to the user through GSM module to take a necessary action
(SMS) was presented in reference [17]. The collected like call the police station.
information of sensors was send to the PIC16F887 TABLE 2: GSM BASED HOME AUTOMATION
microcontroller and any suspicious activity was occurred, SYSTEM
then SMS was send to the user via GSM network. The S Use
Commu
users will be able to receive feedback status of any home r. r Appli
nication Control Benefi
appliances under control whether switched on or off N System inte cation
interfac ler ts
remotely from their mobile phones. o rfac s
e
. e
low
A Low
cost,
Cost
low
GSM/G
power
PRS PIR,
Mo consu
Based Temp
GSM/G 8-bit bile mptio
1 Wireles eratur
PRS PSoC pho n,
s e, Fire
ne
Home alarm
Securit
y
Figure 5: Overview of GSM based home security system
System
A light , as
Pyroel
Remote fan well
ectric
Home etc as
infrare
Securit ensure
d
y s
detect
System energ
SIMEN or, Low
Based Mo y
S TC35 C8051F tempe power
on bile consu
2 GSM, 310 rature consu
Wireles pho mptio
GPRS, MCU sensor mptio
s ne n
WSN , n
Sensor manag
smoke
Networ ement
detect
k and Using
or
GSM Raspbe windo
,Gas,
Techno rry Pi w smart,
PIR
logy and Mo sensor econo
low GSM Raspbe bile , mic
7 GSM
cost , Survey rry Pi pho motio and
Design
User on ne n efficie
and
friendl Home detect nt
Implem
y Autom ors
entatio
interfa ation
n of a
ATmeg Gas, ce, Smart
GSM
a328 Smok Small Home ATME
Based And
microc e size, Autom L
3 remote GSM roid
ontrolle detect Very ation AT89S
home app Temp highly
r or, short Securit 52
security eratur -
(8-bit) PIR respon y and microc Mo
and GSM e, flexibl
se Energy ontrolle bile
applian 8 SIM90 Smok e and
time, Efficie r, pho
ce 0 e, cost-
Wide nt PIC18F ne
control Intrusi effecti
area Wireles 452
system on ve
covera s microc
ge System ontrolle
Smart using r
GSM GSM
Mo Light, Maxi
Based
GSM, PIC16F bile Temp mum
4 Home 5.3 WI-FI BASED WIRELESS HOME
SMS 887 pho eratur reliabl
Autom AUTOMATION SYSTEM
ne e e
ation The smart home automation system using Wi-Fi low
System power devices was developed by [22]. The system has used
Androi Tag4M hardware device for security, temperature control
d Monit and smoke detector. The system has also used the
8051
Interfac oring user LabVIEWTM graphical programming environment, which
Microc
e based And the friendl used the NI LabVIEWTM Statechart Module for collecting
ontrolle
5 GSM GSM roid intrusi y, data from different sensors like Temperature, Humidity,
r
Home app on, highly Light, Smoke, Shock, Pressure etc. and it also reduces the
(P89V5
Securit interru robust energy power consumption. When unwanted event
1 RD2)
y pt occurred then specific action takes place. The design and
System implementation of Wi-Fi based home automation system
Monit cheap, home automation system has been presented in reference
GSM
oring quick, [23].The system has used Arduino Microcontroller to
based ARM
and reliabl program the different sensors like Temperature, Humidity,
Smart LPC21 Smoke, Light ant Motion etc. through Wi-Fi
GSM And contro e and
Home 48
6 SIM90 roid lling reduce communication network. The HAS system consists of three
and Microc
0 app home s main modules: the server, the hardware interface module,
Digital ontrolle
applia physic and the software package. Secure Wi-Fi technology was
Notice r
nce al used by server, and hardware interface module to
Board
like effort
Volume 7, Issue 2, March – April 2018 Page 8
International Journal of Emerging Trends & Technology in Computer Science (IJETTCS)
Web Site: www.ijettcs.org Email: editor@ijettcs.org, editorijettcs@gmail.com
Volume 7, Issue 2, March - April 2018 ISSN 2278-6856
Microcontroller through a wireless router via a Wi-Fi The different approach for Home Automation was a Room
interface. The design and implementation of a smart home Temperature Control and Fire Alarm/Suppression IoT
system based on Wi-Fi network was described in reference Service Using Message Queue Telemetry Transportation
[25].The system consists home gateway and IoT devices (MQTT) on Amazon Web Service (AWS) has been
connected via Wi-Fi. Each IoT device can only implemented in reference [28]. The system has used three
communicate with the gateway. Based on user preferences, Arduino, Temperature sensor, Fire alarm flame sensor and
the information from one device can also trigger the sprinkler. Arduino were equipped with Wi-Fi module to
gateway to send a message to another device in order to communicate with MQTT broker. MQTT broker would be
response with appropriate action. The Raspberry Pi Linux installed on AWS. Android Smart phone application was
computer board with Wi-Fi transceiver was used to monitor and control the room temperature, get fire alarm
implement the home gateway. The user can access the message on fire event, check sprinkler status, and active the
gateway via the mobile phone to get the list of events from sprinkler when not in action on fire event. A Low Cost
all devices and setup different response actions for different Home Automation System
devices. Using Wi-Fi Based Wireless Sensor Network has been
developed in reference [29]. The system has used Atmel
Furthermost, IoT based Smart Home Design using Power ATmega microcontroller was equipped with different
and Security Management using Ethernet based INTEL sensors (DHT11 Temperature and Humidity, HC-SR501
GALILEO 2ND generation development board has been PIR motion sensor, Water level sensor, MQ2 LPG Gas
implemented by [26]. The system was used various sensors sensor, ACS-712 Current sensor, M009 Rain sensor,
like temperature sensor and smoke sensor to check for fire Ultrasonic sensor, LM393 IR Flame sensor) used to capture
and PIR sensor for the unwanted event at their home and the readings of temperature, humidity, water level, gas
also monitor and control the real time tracking and leakage and the flame sensing devices making it an
switching of all electrical home appliances through an efficient system for security as well as for monitoring. The
android based mobile app. The smart home system has also Smart phone application has been used to monitor and
an option of controlling appliances by either sending voice control multiple devices of the home. If the reading values
commands or by simple tap-to-touch system. An IoT home exceeds the defined threshold value then user can start the
security and automation system has been presented in alarm. Raspberry Pi based home automation system was
reference [27]. The system has used TI CC3200 Launchpad used to controlling the electrical appliances with remote or
board, and PIR motion detector sensor and Wi-Fi network. a Smartphone and Android for live monitoring to get the
If any intruder was occurred then the signal send to the continuous updates of the home has been described in
microcontroller. The user, who may or may not be present reference [30].The system also developed the Bill
in the home, will be receiving a voice call on mobile phone Calculation System from which one can compare it with the
stating that ’There is an Intruder in the Home’. To turn ON actual one. The system has a few Sensors, Detectors which
the lights and alarm at home so that the intruder will be was embedded with the Raspberry Pi. The user can monitor
warned. Moreover if the user finds that the home was not and control the home electrical home appliances through
safe then user can send an SMS to the concerned authority smart phone from any place in the world. If anyone enters
in police department explaining the situation. in the room motion detectors was send the signals to
raspberry Pi to turn on the lights or fans. If user wants how
much electricity consumption has been occurred, then user
can get the result of every minute Monitored with the graph
of electricity consumed versus time and what was the bill
and can take preventive measures.
sensor,
ACS-
712
Curren
t
sensor,
M009
Rain
sensor,
Ultraso
nic
sensor,
LM39
3 IR
Flame Figure 7: structure of home security application
sensor
Ease
of Another Smart Home System for Disabled People Via
Raspber Tempe Acce Wireless Bluetooth has been presented in reference [33].
ry Pi rature ss to The system has used PIC16F877A microcontroller
Based and handi equipped with various sensors like Temperature, Humidity
Home Humid capp etc. and communication wireless Bluetooth technology.
Automa ity ed The user can monitor and control the home appliances
Sma
tion sensor, peopl using controller via Bluetooth by triggering of relays
Raspber rt
9 Using Wi-Fi Light e, connected to the microcontroller. The input data of the
ry Pi pho
Wi-Fi, sensor, Good humidity and temperature sensors connected to the
ne
IOT & PIR and microcontroller which will be updated periodically on the
Android motion user user interface. Additionally to the system, the IP camera
for Live detecto frien was accessed via Wi-Fi to the Internet where user can
Monitor r dly control and monitor the condition of the home in real time.
ing sensor envir A low-cost Smart home system, which uses Android based
onme User Interface for control of home appliances has been
nt presented in reference [34].The system has used Arduino
Ethernet as main controller which consist Arduino Mega
5.4 BLUETOOTH BASED HOME AUTOMATION 2560 and Arduino Ethernet Shield with other hardware
SYSTEM such as the nRF24L01+ radio module, siren which was
used to communicate the other sensor nodes within the
The design and implementation of a low cost, flexible and home environment and the Bluetooth module The Android
secure cell phone based home automation system has been based smart home app was designed using the
described in reference [31]. The system has used Arduino Massachusetts Institute of Technology App Inventor that
BT board and the home appliances were equipped with this was provided by Google. For Bluetooth connection,
board via relays. The communication between the Cell selecting the device and entering a password was required
phone and the Arduino BT board was wireless. Password whereas for internet connectivity, the user has to enter the
protection was being used to only allow authorized users IP address and a password. If entered details was correct
from accessing the appliances at home. Exploiting then it grant the access and if the entered details was
Bluetooth on Android Mobile Devices for Home Security incorrect then appropriate messages were displayed on the
Application has been described in reference [32]. The user app. The system also supports voice activation for all
system has used Arduino Mega2560 microcontroller and a switching functionalities by using the Google Speech
BlueSmirf gold Bluetooth wireless technology as shown Recognizer. On the other hand, the sensor nodes deployed
in Figure7. The Arduino board was equipped with door and in the home environment monitor the status of the
window and their position was determined by using appliances and if there was a change in the status or
magnetic switch. In addition to using the Android device to fire/intrusion was detected, it sends the signal to the main
lock or unlock the door, a switch that used a physical key controller via the RF link. Once data was received, the
was installed in the door jamb along with status lights of status was updated by the micro-web server and if the data
the system. So the system can check the status of the door was that of fire or intrusion the siren was turned on and an
and window on the mobile phone. email notification will be sent to the user.
Techn handi Figure 8. It can also monitor and control the real time home
ology cappe appliances through an mobile phone and Internet or Speech
d and Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) was used for speech
peopl recognition. To improve the security of home, a password
e, based door lock system was developed. If three repeated
reduc wrong attempts occur then the system sends SMS to the
e user through the default GSM number.
huma
n Another home automation approach based on voice
labor command using Android was implemented by [40].
and Initially, it had 3 main components: Arduino UNO
save controller, Bluetooth module and Smartphone for Android
energ user application. It can monitor and control the home
y electrical appliances through voice command using android
via smart phone. Bluetooth module in the Smartphone
5.5 VOICE OR SPEECH RECOGNITION BASED transmits the command from android to the Arduino Uno to
HOME AUTOMATION SYSTEM process the home appliances. Another ZigBee based voice
Voice controlled home automation systems have drawn controlled home automation system was presented in [41].
considerable attention in the recent years. Initially, home Automatic speech recognition (ASR) system can be used as
automation systems were designed for the people seeking computer driven transcription of spoken language that
luxury and sophisticated home. But, there was always a allows a computer to identify the spoken words captured
need to develop home automation system for the people from a microphone and convert it into written texts and it
with special needs like the elderly and the disabled. send to the specified application address via ZigBee
According to a report published by the World Health wireless communication protocol. The status of each device
Organization (WHO) around 785 million people of 15 was monitored by toggle circuit. LabView software has
years and older live with disability [37]. Of these, the been used to support human-computer interactions to
World Health Survey reports that 110 million people have realize multiple functions. Intelligent Interface Based
significant difficulties in functioning. Another report Speech Recognition for Home Automation using Android
published by the Population Division of United Nations Application was described by [42].The system has used
show that about 10% of the World’s population is older microcontroller board to program various sensors like Light
than 60 years and it is estimated that this figure will reach sensor, Current sensor and communication technology like
up to 21% by 2050 [38]. In order to assist the old people General packet radio service (GPRS). By using the voice
and the people with disability home automation commands, the home automation system allows controlling
technologies are adopting voice control or voice of home appliances by recognizing speech and speech
recognition techniques. The main idea is to control and recognition was done by Support Vector Machine (SVM).
monitor home appliances by using voice command. The The system was controlled and monitored from the remote
motivation behind this work is also the same. location using Android Smart Phone. The voice command
function to control any home electrical appliances using
Raspberry Pi has been presented in reference [43].The
system has three different way to control electrical devices :
automatic control system using a schedule, manual button
click on its web interface and, voice commands. Cloud-
based API and Wolfram Alpha was deployed to record
voice command which was converted it into text to be
processed by Raspberry Pi. Speech based home automation
uses voice command to monitor and control the electrical
appliances in the home has been introduced in reference
[44]. The system has used ARM11 Raspberry Pi
microcontroller board, PIR sensor and communication
technologies such as HC-05 Bluetooth , SIM 900
GSM/GPRS a shown in Figure 9. It was used two schemes
Figure 8: Overview of the Voice recognition based HAS
for home automation and control i.e. Bluetooth technology
and GSM/GPRS technology was used for controlling
electrical appliances. Google "Speech to text app" was
The design and implementation of home automation system deployed to record voice command which was converted it
where a GSM (Global System for Mobile Communication), into text to be processed by Raspberry Pi. PIR sensor was
internet and speech have been used in reference [39]. The used to detect the human intrusion in the home and if any
system has used PIC16F876, temperature sensor and intrusion occurred. the GSM modem alerts through SMS to
motion sensor and RF communication standard as shown in user.
d ation,
Suppo
rt to
elderl
y and
disabl
ed
people
at
home
access
ibility
Figure 9: structure of HAS using Raspberry Pi for
the
Another effective real time system using Gesture and Voice
deaf
recognition to Control the home automation system was
and
implemented in reference [45]. The system has used ARM
hard
Cortex-A8 processor and wireless connection technology
Zigbee of
ZigBee. With gesture and voice as input signals, the system
Based hearin
processes the control commands and transfers them into the
Voice g,
actuators via wireless connection Dynamic Time Wrapping low
Control Zigbee Xbee cost
(DTW) was use for voice recognition and to recognize Com cost
led RF and reduct
gesture by counting the number of fingers. 3 pute and
Wireles Module Arduin ion
r low
s s o throu
TABLE 2: VOICE OR SPEECH RECOGNITION power
Smart gh
BASED HOME AUTOMATION SYSTEM
Home autom
System ation,
S
Commu cost
r. User Appli
nication Control Benefi reduct
N System inter cation
interfac ler ts ion
o face s
e throu
.
gh
Temp
autom
eratur
ation
A e and
GSM, Motio Low Intellig
Internet n cost, ent
and detect power Interfac
Low
e Based
Speech ion, ful cost,
Speech
Control Door and Reduc
Mob Recogn
led status, user es the
GSM, PIC16F ile ition Sma
1 Wireles Light friendl microc Light, wiring
SMS 876 phon for rt
s level y way 4 GPRS ontrolle Curre by
e Home phon
Interact ,Vide of r nt using
ive o real- Autom e
wirele
Home monit time ation
ss
Autom oring, monit using
netwo
ation Contr oring Androi
rks.
d
System olling
Applica
applia
nces tion
Voice User- Schedu Cloud
Control Contr friendl ler and - Low
of Sma olling y Voice web- based price
Sma
Recogn based API and
Home Bluetoo Arduin rt electri interfa Raspbe rt
2 5 ition on data & small
Applia th o Uno phon cal ce and rry Pi phon
nces e applia ease Home server Wolfr size
e
using nces of Autom am compu
Androi install ation Alpha ters
Control used
System for person occurred, SMS send to the user and it also triggers
record alarm in the home.
ing
voice Another door lock system using Handwriting Pattern
comm Recognition technology was described in reference [48].
and Arduino was the main controller and Wi-Fi as a
Acces communication technology. The system has two phases:
sibilit First, the user must input the username and password on a
y, smart phone and Second, the user must use a handwritten
Implem way, to write the text or pattern of previous settings on
PIR , Comf
entatio smart phones. Users entered a handwriting pattern on the
Contr ort,
n of phone , if pattern identity recognition was successfully
ol & Energ
Speech HC-05 confirmed, then the login will be able to command the
monit y
based Bluetoo electronic door open or closed. Access Control of Door and
ARM1 Sma oring efficie
Home th and Home Security using Raspberry Pi Through Internet has
1 rt of ncy,
6 Autom SIM been presented in reference [49]. The system has used
Raspbe phon applia Useful
ation 900 minicomputer Raspberry Pi was equipped with Wi-Fi
rry Pi e nces, for
System GSM/G dongle. PIR sensor was used to detection of human motion.
Securi elderl
using PRS If any thief tries to entered into the house PIR sensor will
ty y and
Bluetoo identify the human motion and it triggers the alarm. The
survei physic
th and wireless camera was used to capture an image of the visitor
llance ally
GSM or any thief and then after receiving the image Raspberry Pi
handic
apped sends a mail to user.
people
Gesture Contr
and olling
Pc
Voice applia very
ARM or
Control nces high
7 Zigbee Cortex- Com
of using accura
A8 pute
Internet gestur cy
r
of e&
Things voice
5.6 SMART DIGITAL DOOR LOCK FOR THE
HOME AUTOMATION
A smart digital door lock system for home automation has
been implemented in reference [46].The smart digital door
Figure 10: Structure of Door and Home Security
lock system can be divided into five parts: the control
system
module, the motor module, the sensor module, the
communication module and the I/O module. The control Another effective the design and implementation of a GSM
module was the brain of the system and the locking based digital door lock security system using PIC platform
operation is controlled by the motor module. The was described in reference [50].The system has used
communication between devices and the control module microcontroller PIC 16F877A, GSM module, 16x2 LCD
was done by communication module. The user can access display, Gear motor and buzzer .The system was used a 5-
to the door lock system through I/O modules such as RFID digit password to lock or unlock the door by using a gear
reader, dial pad. etc. The user or person was authenticated motor. Three repeated unsuccessful attempts in entering the
through password or RFID tag, the door lock was opened correct password results in sending a warning message, was
and the LCD displays the status of different home sent to preset mobile numbers, as a means of detecting
appliances. On detecting the emergency situation by sensor unauthorized intrusion. The digital door lock system have
node, the door lock sends the SMS to the user notifying been widely used in households and offices was described
about the situation and also triggers the alarm. The design in reference [51].The system has used Arduino
of remote monitoring intelligent system based on microcontroller, different sensors such as ultrasonic sensor,
fingerprint lock has been implemented in reference [47]. impact detection sensor, camera and Bluetooth as a
The system has used PIC18LF45 microcontroller, Tactile communication technology. The system has two main
sensor and communication technology such as PSTN and feature : First, impact detection sensor was used to detect
GSM. The module uses advanced fingerprint recognition an intruder who tries to invade by applying physical force
algorithm and a powerful ARM9 chip S3C2410. to the lock. Second , it has an image transfer function i.e.
Fingerprint recognition algorithm, as well as control attacker who does not know the password will make a
programs stored in the chip. The system was used variety of attempts. Therefore, if an attacker mistypes the
fingerprint to open door lock and if any unauthorized
password more than a given number of times, the system Fire require
obtains images of the intruder and send them to the mobile ment
device via Bluetooth. The design and development of a of any
home security system based on human face recognition infrast
technology and remotely monitoring technology to control ructure
door accessibility has been reported in reference [52]. The s
system has used two components: First wireless control effecti
units (WCU) and a second wireless information unit Remote ve,
(WIU). The system has used Raspberry Pi microcontroller Monito high
to processing the unit of WIU. Face detection and ring accura
recognition algorithms, as well as a wireless interface Intellig cy,
(WIU) are used to detect and identify visitors and send an ent Mob securit
email or an alert message about the home status via GSM GSM Tactil
System PIC18 ile y and
network automatically to the user's mobile phone and the 2 and e
Based LF45 pho ease of
user then sent mail to WIU for controlling action. If the PSTN sensor
on ne use to
existence system was satisfied safety and security then Fingerp meet
WIU forward the controlling command to WCU wirelessly rint the
to perform switching action. Door target
Lock require
ment
Home Sma
Safety rt Contr For
Handw pho olling elderly
riting Arduin ne the or
3 Wi-Fi
Pattern o or home disable
Recogn Tabl securi d
ition et ty people
System PC
Access
Control
of
Figure 11: Door Lock system overview Door
and
Furthermore, the design and implementation of an Home Com cost
Raspbe
interactive home security system using biometric with IoT 4 Securit Wi-Fi pute PIR effecti
rry Pi
Server has been presented in reference [53]. The system has y by r ve
use ARM11 Raspberry Pi microcontroller to program Raspbe
various sensors like Vibration sensor, Fire sensor, rry Pi
Temperature sensor Gas sensor and buzzer. Finger print Throug
sensor was used to recognize the authorized user. The h
sensors send the signal to the processor during harmful Internet
situations. When unauthorized persons try to open the door Stable
then buzzer will ring and sent a message to the user. &
TABLE 3: SMART DIGITAL DOOR LOCK FOR Emer
THE HOME AUTOMATION ging
produ
S Comm GSM ct in
r. unicati User Appli Based field High
Control Benefi
N System on inter cation Digital Mob of securit
ler ts PIC
o interfac face s Door ile securi y and
. e 5 GSM 16F877
Lock pho ty cost
Smart Temp Cheap, A
Microc Securit ne syste effecti
Digital eratur Flexibl y ms for ve
ontrolle
Door Mob e, e, System both
ZigBee r
Lock ile Gas Easily reside
1 , RFID, (Door
for the pho leakag install ntial
SMS Lock
Home ne e, ed and
controll
Autom Burgl withou comm
er)
ation ary, t ercial
Volume 7, Issue 2, March – April 2018 Page 16
International Journal of Emerging Trends & Technology in Computer Science (IJETTCS)
Web Site: www.ijettcs.org Email: editor@ijettcs.org, editorijettcs@gmail.com
Volume 7, Issue 2, March - April 2018 ISSN 2278-6856
Securit camera then it report to the cloud and notify to the user via
y and SMS. When user confirms it was a real intrusion, Stealthily
Usabili alert neighbours, who are also using our home automation
ty system, using SMS, email or by playing low sound alarms
Improv Ultras in their home or inform the local police station. The system
ement onic, Enhan developed a Home Automation system that employs the
on a Impac cing integration of multi-touch mobile devices, cloud
HC-06 Mob
Digital t the networking, wireless communication, and power-line
6 Blueto ile
Door detect securit communication to provide the user with remote control of
oth Arduin app
Lock ion, y various lights and appliances within their home has been
o
System Came system presented in reference [55].The system was used a
based ra consolidation of a mobile phone application, handheld
on wireless remote, and PC based program to provide a means
Internet of user interface to the consumer. The home gateway
of controller interfaces Pachube cloud with in-home
Things equipment. The Arduino controller was used for the main
Web- communication between several components, i.e. internet
Based connection, wireless and power line communication. The
Online system allows the user to control appliances and lights in
Sma their home from an iPad and PC from anywhere in the
Embed
rt Contr low world through an internet connection.
ded
pho olling cost,
Door
ne , and robust Another design and implementation of a home security
Access
ARM1 PC monit and system to detect an intruder at home when nobody was
Control
GSM/ 176JZF or oring easily present has been described in reference [56]. The system
and
7 GPRS, -S Pc the operab has used ARM7 LPC2148 Microcontroller to program the
Home
Zigbee Raspbe or enviro le various sensors such as Pyroelectric Infrared (PIR) module
Securit
rry Pi PC nment system and a Infrared (IR) sensor, GSM modem, LCD, Buzzer.
y
or condit , easy The commands and messages was displayed on the LCD.
System
com ion of to Presence of intrusion was detected when the system senses
Based
pute home install the signal generated by many sensors. The system sends a
on
r message to the user through GSM modem after detecting
Face
Recogn the presence of unauthorized person. if the intrusion was
ition real then user sends the reply SMS as which will ON the
Design buzzer in home or inform to the neighbour or police station.
and Vibrat A cloud based low cost home automation system has been
Implem ion cost implemented in reference [57] using the Digilent chip KIT
entatio sensor effecti Uno32 and Arduino Uno. The system has Arduino UNO
n of , Fire ve, R3 was based on an Atmel ATMega328 microcontroller
PC and various sensors such as LMT84LP Temperature,
Door sensor provid
ARM1 or Proximity/motion sensor, HC-SR04 Ultrasonic range
Access IoT , es
8 1 Com sensor etc. and these sensors was connected to the chip KIT
Control server Temp high
Raspbe pute Uno32 are communicating values to the cloud and the
and eratur securit
rry Pi r readings were published to the Exposited server for remote
Securit e y with
y sensor less monitoring. The collected data of the sensor node was sent
System , Gas cost to the cloud. The cloud has control switches to turn off/on
Based sensor the appliances at home, to open/close the garage door etc.
on IoT
5.7 CLOUD BASED HOME AUTOMATION SYSTEM TABLE 4: CLOUD BASED HOME AUTOMATION
The design and implementation of a cloud connected adhoc SYSTEM
wireless home automation system with en suite intrusion
detection and burglary prevention stratagems has been S
Commu
presented in reference [54]. Cloud refers to the online r. User
Syste nication Contro Applica Benef
services provided over the Internet together with the N interf
m interfac ller tions its
hardware and software resources of the servers that offer o ace
e
those services. The home appliances was equipped with .
microcontroller board through relays. A SMS modem Clou Cloud Microc mobi Motion
Low
connected to the cloud server was used to notify the users, 1 d server, ontroll le detectio
cost
in case of intrusion events. If any intrusion detected by Contr SMS er devic n
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