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PBPAM Bismillah Gerry Filter
PBPAM Bismillah Gerry Filter
II
Prosentase Removal (%)
No Proses Pengolahan
Turbidity Fe
1 Prasedimentasi 80 -
2 Roughing Filter 80 15
3 Flash Mix - Slow Mix - -
4 Filtrasi 67 67
5 Disinfeksi - -
6 Aerasi 15 80-90
Sumber Visscher, J.T.Slow Sand Filtration for Community Water Supply, planning d
Prosentase Removal (%)
No Proses Pengolahan
Turbidity Fe
1 Slow Sand Filter 90 80-90
Karakteristik Air
Parameter Baku Mutu Intake Aerasi
Baku
Removal (%) Hasil Akhir Removal (%)
Kekeruhan 550 5 0% 550 15%
Fe 1.4 0.3 0% 1.4 85%
Karakteristik Air
Parameter Baku Mutu Intake Oksidasi Ozon
Baku
Removal (%) Hasil Akhir Removal (%)
Kekeruhan 550 5 0% 550 0%
Fe 1.4 0.3 0% 1.4 94%
Unit Pengolahan
Oksidasi Ozon Prasedimentasi Koagulasi-Flokulasi Sedimentasi
Hasil Akhir Removal (%) Hasil Akhir Removal (%) Hasil Akhir Removal (%) Hasil Akhir
550 80% 110 0% 110 95% 5.5
0.084 0% 0.084 0% 0.084 0% 0.084
Slow Sand Filter Disinfeksi Reservoir Effluen
Removal (%) Hasil Akhir Removal (%) Hasil Akhir Removal (%) Hasil Akhir
90% 0.4675 0% 0.4675 0% 0.4675 0.4675
85% 0.0315 0% 0.0315 0% 0.0315 0.0315
pretreatment
Kelebihan Kekurangan
pengendapan cepta butuh lahan yang besar
prasedimentasi
o & m mudah
effluen lebih jernih o & m mahal
roughing filter tidak bisa mengatasi beban
organik tinggi
koagulasi
Kelebihan Kekurangan
kebutuhan energi sedikit butuh lahan luas
hidrolis
o & m mudah rentan scouring
debit dapat bervariasi o & m mahal
mekanis
gradient kecepatan kecil butuh energi listrik
flokulasi
Kelebihan Kekurangan
sederhana rentan aliran turbulen
hidrolis
o & m mudah
pengadukan efektif sesuai
mekanis kebutuhan o & m mahal
gradient kecepatan kecil instalasi rumit
filter
kriteria
kecepatan ukuran bed kedalaman
lebih cepat kecil 30-45 cm kerikil
RSF
4-21 m/jam 40-400 m2 60-70 cm pasir
lebih lambat besar 30 cm kerikil
SSF
0.1-0.4 m/ jam 2000 m2 90-110 cm pasir
disinfeksi
Kelebihan Kekurangan
sederhana rentan aliran turbulen
gas
murah
daya larut tinggi o & m mahal
liquid
liquid
gradient kecepatan kecil instalasi rumit
oksidasi ozon
Kelebihan Kekurangan
efektifitas tinggi o & m mahal
mudah larut dalam air perlu energi listrik
dapat membunuh bakteri dan
virus
penghilang Fe
Kelebihan Kekurangan
efektifitas cukup tinggi mahal
aerasi
pemompaan
jumlah pompa = 1 buah cadangan 1
Q pompa = 249.01 L/s
= 0.24901 m³/s
Q tiap pompa = 0.24901 m³/s 249.01
Head Loss pompa ( for 1 pump)
head statis = 10 m
Panjang pipa discharge (L) = 903.5 m ditambbah kedalaman sumur
Mayor losses
Hf Discharge = 3.446373956 m
Hf mayor losses = 3.446373956 m
Minor Losses
Head velocity = 0.115 m
Hfm belokan (2 buah) = 0.183 m
Hfm valve (1 buah) = 0.034 m n*k*head velocity
Hf minor losses = 0.218 m n*k*head velocity
Hf total = 14 m
Power Pompa
densitas = 1000 kg/m3
Power Pompa = 33659 watt
efisiensi pompa = 60%
= 56098 watt
Tipe Pompa
Q tiap pompa = 7.47 m³/menit
= 448 m³/jam
Hf Total = 14 m
kriteria pompa 50Hz-4p n = 1450
Q tiap pompa = 250 m³/jam
banyak pompa = 3 buah kroteria
cm
n*k*head velocity
n*k*head velocity
Prasedimentasi
1 Q air = 249.01 L/s
= 0.24901 m³/s
2 Jumlah bak = 6 buah
3 Q tiap bak = 41.5016666667 L/s
= 0.0415016667 m³/s
4 suhu = 30 °
5µ = 0.0000008004 N s/m2
6ʋ = 0.0000008039 m/s
7ρ = 995.68 kg/m³
8g = 9.81 m/s²
9 Grafik performance good performance (80%)
10 Kedalaman coloum test = 4m
11 waktu tes (td) = 2 jam
= 7200 detik
12 t/td (dari grafik) = Vo(Q/A)
= 2.1 jam
13 Vo = 0.00056 m/s
13 efisiensi = 1-((1+(Vs/(Q/A)))^-(1/n))
80% = 1-((1+(1/3*Vs/(0.041501/74.70)))^-(1/1/3))
Vs = 0.001193
14 Jari-jari hidrolis (R) = (bx H) / (b + 2H)
= 1.40 m
15 Nre = (VH x R) : ʋ
= 4190 > 2000
16 Nfr = VH2 : (g x H)
= 0.000000147 < 10^-5
Zona Inlet
A Saluran Pembawa
II Jumlah saluran pembawa = 2 buah
Q air = 0.24901 m/det
Q tiap saluran = 0.124505 m/det
V rencana = 0.6 m/det
lebar : kedalaman = 1:1
slope = 0.0001
Panjang = 1.5 m
Koefisien Gesek = 0.015
Kedalaman (h) = 0.5566004283 m
= 1m
Lebar (w) = 1m
Free board = 0.25 m
B saluran pembagi
1 Q air = 249.01 L/s
0.24901 m³/s
2v = 0.60 m/s
3 jumlah bak = 6
4 Q saluran pembagi = 0.04150 m³/s
5 panjang saluran (l) = 2.00 m
6 lebar : kedalaman = 1 :1
7 Luas (A) = Q/v
= 0.069 m²
8 lebar (b) = A/l
= 0.03 m
9 kedalaman (h) = 0.03 m
10 Headloss:
2 1
v= 1 bxh 3
hf 2
L
n b 2h
Mayor losses = (((Kecepatan*0,015)/(((Lebar*Kedalaman)/(Lebar+(2*Kedalam
= 0.0622058 m
slope = Mayor losses/Panjang saluran
V2
Head kecepatan (hv) = (Kecepatan^2)/(2*9,81)
2g
C Inlet
1 Q saluran pembagi = 0.04150 m³/s
41.5016666667 L/s
2v = 0.60 m/s
3 lebar inlet = lebar zona pengendapan
4.3 m
4 kedalaman inlet = kedalaman zona pengendapan
= 4.0 m
5 Luas total baffle (A) = Q/v
= 0.069 m²
6 jumlah baffle = 8.811
= 9.000 buah
6 panjang (l) = 0.02 m
0)))^-(1/1/3))
Ok
ok Nre partikel
= 0.0311029
= 0.0183486
= 0.080554 m
Pintu Air
Lebar Pintu 0.75 m
Q pintu Air=Q tiap bak 0.04 m³/s
Tinggi Pintu air 0.099174 m
0.4 m
Head Loss Pintu Air 0.001188 m
diameter baffle 10 cm
0.1 m
% x Konsentrasi SS
% x Konsentrasi SS
persegi
= 0.1666666667 m³/dt
= P1
L1
L2
pengurasan seminggu sekali
P2
W = n x s + (n - 1) x s + 6t
rumus pabow
m³/detik
fb 0.1 m rasio b dan h kalo bisa hampir sama (persegi) lebar gutter 0.3 , kedalaman 0.3.
r 0.3 , kedalaman 0.3. >> memenuhi
Koagulasi mekanis
td = 30 detik (10-30 s) suhu
G = 900 /s (700-1000/s) 30 °
G td = ≤ 6 x 10^4
N = 60 rpm (20-150 rpm)
= 1 rps
jenis impeller = 4 blades pompa bahan kimia
rasio d/w = 6
KL = 49
KT = 2.75
Dimensi Unit Pengaduk persegi
Q = 249.01 L/s
= 0.24901 m³/s
jumlah bak = 4 buah
Q tiap bak = 62.2525 L/s
= 0.0622525 m³/s
Volume = Q x td
= 1.867575 m³
kedalaman = 2m
0.9337875 = L²
L = 1.0 m
panjang = 1.0 m
lebar = 1.0 m
kedalaman +fb = 2.5 m
Power yang dibutuhkan
P = G² V µ
= 1211 Watt
= 1.21 Kw
efisiensi motor = 90%
P' = P/ef
= 1345 Watt N m/s
= 1.3 Kw
Ukuran Impeller dan kecepatan rotasi
diameter blades = 0.3865307232 m
n = 1.4870847101 rps
n = 89.225082604 rpm
Nre cek = 185858 > 10000OK
=
=
Perencanaan inlet = outlet
Q = 62.2525 L/s
= 0.0622525 m³/s
lebar : kedalaman = 2 :1
panjang saluran = 5m
Q = 1,375 x L x h^3/2 =
L = 2h
2h x h^3/2 = 0.05 m
h^5/2 = 0.023 m
kedalaman (h) = 0.22 m
lebar (I) = 0.4 m 0.2785
Kecepatan (V) = Q/A 130
= 0.64 m/s
Headloss mendekati 1 m/s OK
Mayor Losses (hf)
V = 1/n R^2/3 S^1/2
n (kekasaran) = 0.015
R (jarijari hidrolis) = (lebar x H) / (lebar + 2H)
= 0.110 m
slope = Hf/L
= 0.00178
Hf = slope*L
= 0.00888 m
Head kecepatan = V²/2g
= 0.02118 m
Headloss total = Hf + hv
= 0.03006 m
Q = 62.2525 L/s
= 0.0622525 m³/s
Kebutuhan Koagulan
dosis tawas optimum = 30 mg/L
densitas tawas = 980 kg/m³
jumlah bak = 4 buah
Q = 0.24901 m³/s
Q tiap bak = 0.0622525 m³/s
kadar air dalam larutan = 95%
kadar tawas dalam larutan = 5%
kadar tawas = 60%
Kebutuhan Koagulan = 161.35848 kg/hari
Kebutuhan Koagulan kadar 60 % = 268.9308 kg/hari
Volume koagulan = Kebutuhan tawas/densitas
= 0.274 m³/hari
Volume air pelarut = 5.21 m³/hari
Volume larutan total = 5.488 m³/hari
Bak Pelarut Koagulan
periode pelarutan tawas = 4 jam/sekali
dimesi panjang : lebar = 1: 1
kedalaman bak = 1.5 m
Volume bak = 1.3721 m³
=
luas = Vol/h
= 0.91 m²
0.91 = L²
L = 1.0 m
panjang = 1.0 m
lebar = 1.0 m
kedalaman +fb = 1.8 m
Debit koagulan yang diinjeksikan = 0.00006 m³/s
= 0.06 L/s
pipa pembubuh koagulan gravitasi
Kecepatan (v) = 1.5 m/s
panjang pipa = 3m
c = 130
Q koagulan = 0.00006 m³/s
= 0.06 L/s
Diameter pipa pembubuh
Luas = Q/V
= 0.00004 m²
Diameter pipa = 0.007 m
= 7 mm
diameter dipakai = 10 mm
V cek = 0.81 m/s OK
Mayor losses
Hf = 0.00000100 m
Minor Losses
Head velocity = 0.033 m
Hfm belokan (1 buah) = 0.013 m k = 0.4 n*k*head velocity
Hfm valve (1 buah) = 0.010 m k = 0.3
Hf minor losses = 0.023 m
Hf total = 0.023 m
µ = 0.8004 x 10^3 N s/m2 = 0.0008004 N s/m2
ʋ = 0.8039 x 10^6 m/s = 0.0000008039 m/s
ρ = 995.68 kg/m³
g = 9.81 m/s²
ad velocity
Flokulasi Around Baffle Channel
jarak antar sekat = > 45 cm
jarak ujung baffle dan dinding = > 60 cm
kedalaman air = >1m
td = 15-30 menit
Kompartemen 1
G = 50 /s
td = 10 menit
= 600 detik
Kompartemen 2
G = 20 /s
td = 10 menit
= 600 detik
Kompartemen 3
G = 10 /s
td = 10 menit
= 600 detik
jumlah flokulator = 4 buah
Q = 249.01 L/s
0.24901 m³/s
Q tiap bak = 62.2525 L/s
= 0.0622525 m³/s
kedalaman = 2m
f (koefisien gesek) = 0.3
Dimensi bak
td total = td komp 1 + td komp 2 + td komp 3
= 1800 detik
Volume total bak = Q x td total
= 112.0545 m³
Luas penampang total = Vol total/h
= 56.02725 m²
panjang : lebar = 2: 1
56.02725 = 2L²
L² = 28.013625 m
L = 5m
panjang = 11 m
lebar tiap kompartemen = 2m
lebar = 5m
kedalaman = 2m
kedalaman + fb = 2.3 m
kompartemen 1
jarak antar ujung baffle dan dinding bak (d) = 0.75 m
jumlah baffle (n) = 54 buah
jarak baffle (bl) = L bak/(n+1)
= 0.2 m
kecepatan saluran lurus (VL) = Q/(bl x h)
= 0.16 m/s
Headloss saluran lurus (HL) = 0.07 m
=
kecepatan belokan (Vb) = 0.042 m/s
=
R (jari-jari hidrolis) = A/P
= (bl x h)/(bl + 2h)
= 0.09 m
Headloss akibat gesekan (Hg)
panjang saluran = L-d
= 1.0 m
Headloss gesekan = 0.008 m
kompartemen 2
jarak antar ujung baffle dan dinding bak (d) = 0.75 m
jumlah baffle (n) = 29 buah
mba isti
p 2 + td komp 3
0.082740952837220
FILTER DUAL MEDIA antrasit dan silika media tersusun terstratifikasi
I Kriteria Desain
1 Q instalasi = 832 L/s
= 0.832 m³/s
2 kecepatan penyaringan = 6 m/jam
= 0.0017 m/s
3 v di manifold (vm) = < 0,35 m/s
4 v di lateral (vl) = < 0,2 m/s
5 headloss = 0,3 -2 m
6 media pasir silika
tebal = 300 - 600 mm
ukuran butir = 0,5 - 2 mm
ukuran media ES = 0,3 - 0,7 mm
ukuran media UC = 1,2 - 1,4
specific grafity (Sg) = 2,5 - 2,65 kg/L
7 media antrasit
tebal = 400 - 500 mm
ukuran butir = 0,5 - 1,1 cm
ukuran media ES = 1,2 - 1,8 mm
ukuran media UC = 1.5
specific grafity (Sg) = 1.35 kg/L
II Dimensi bangunan
1 luas bangunan (Atotal) = Q/v
= 499.2 m²
2 jumlah bak (N) = 2,7 Q^0,5 Q dalam MGD
= 9.1138013188 unit konversi L/dt ke MGD
= 10 unit 1 MGD
3 luas setiap unit (A) = Atotal/jumlah unit 0.043813 m3/s
= 49.92 m² 43.813 L/s
4 panjang : lebar = 2 :1
49.92 = 2 b²
b = 5.0 m 5.0 m
l = 10.0 m
5 A cek = 49.9 m²
6 Q tiap bak = Q total/jumlah unit
= 83.20 L/s
= 0.0832 m³/s
7 v filtrasi = Q/A
= 0.0017 m/s
= 6.00 m/jam OK 5 - 15 m/jam
III cek apabila 1 bak dicuci
1 jumlah unit = 9 unit
2 Q tiap bak = Q total/jumlah unit
= 92.44 L/s
= 0.092 m³/s
3 v filtrasi = Q/A
= 0.0019 m/s
= 6.67 m/jam OK 5 - 15 m/jam
Media Filter
headloss media pasir silika
ES = 0.6
US = 1.4
ukuran butir (d) = 0,5 - 2 mm
tebal media pasir (l) = 60 cm
= 0.6 m
specific grafity (Sg) = 2.65
porositas media (f) = 0.4
ɸ = 0.75
suhu 30 °
µ = 7.98E-04 kg.m/det
ʋ = 8.00E-07 m2/det
ρ = 995.7 kg/m³
g = 9.81 m/s²
hf/L = 5*((ʋ/981)*(kecepatan penyaringan)*(((1-porositas media (f))^2)/(porositas media (f)^3))*((6/ɸ)^2
= 0.37 m
hf = = 0.22 m
Intermixing
menggunakan diameter yang terkecil
Vs^1,4 = = 14.80 cm/s
Vs pasir = 6.85 cm/s
= 0.07 m/s
menggunakan diameter yang terbesar
Vs^1,4 = = 13.12 cm/s
Vs antrasit = 6.288 cm/s
= 0.063 m/s
Vs antrasit < Vs pasir silika OK
Vs ^1,4 = 279.23 cm/s
Vs penyangga = 55.861 cm/s
= 0.559 m/s
Ekspansi Backwash
1 V up = Vs*f^4,5
= 0.4392 cm/s
= 0.0044 m/s
wash through
1 Q tiap bak = 83.20 L/s
= 0.0832 m³/s
2 panjang pelimpah/gutter = 0.5 m
3 tinggi ekspansi total = 148.1 cm = 1.48 m
4 h air diatas media = f total ketika filter beroperasi = 1.1 m
5 tinggi gutter = tebal media penyangga+tinggi ekspansi total+angka aman (20 cm)
= 1.98 m
1.98 > 1.1 OK
6 lebar gutter = 0.08 m
7 Headloss di gutter = 0.03 m
Sistem Underdrain
I pipa manifold
1 Volume air backwash = 131.56 m³
2 waktu backwash = 10 menit
= 600 s
3 Vm = 2.5 m/s
4 jarak ujung manifold dan dinding = 20 cm
= 0.2 m
5 Q backwash = V/t backwash
= 0.22 m³/s
6 A pipa manifold = Q/V
= 0.088 m²
7 diameter pipa manifold = ((4*A)/3,14)^0,5
= 0.334 m
= 334.3 mm 1.85
Q
2.63
xL
8 diameter pipa manifold dipakai = 350 mm 0.2785 . C . D
9 V cek = 2.28 m/s OK di cek sama apaan w gatau
10 L manifold = L +2m = 12.0 m
II pipa lateral
1 jarak antar pipa lateral = 25 cm
= 0.25 m
2 jarak antar ujung lateral dengan dinding = 20 cm
= 0.2 m
3 diameter pipa lateral (d) = 20 cm
= 0.2 m
4 jumlah pipa lateral =
= 26 buah
5 Q tiap pipa lateral = Qmanifold/n
= 0.008 m³/s
6 Luas pipa lateral = 1/4*3,14*(d pipa lateral)^2
= 0.0314 m²
7 kecepatan aliran pipa lateral = Q/A
= 0.268 m/s OK ini juga ok drmna bandingannya w gtau
8 Panjang pipa lateral = 1/2Lebar bak+2m = 4.4979991994 m
9 Luas penampang total pipa lateral (Atotal) = n*A tiap pipa
= 0.8 m2
Luas total pipa lateral = nxA
0.82 m2
m²
III Orifice
1 diameter orifice = 1.5 cm
= 0.015 m
2 luas orifice : luas bak filter = 0.005 : 1
3 luas lubang orifice = 0.00017 m²
= 1.70 cm²
4 luas total orifice = luas bak filter x 0,005
= 0.2496 m²
= 2496 cm²
Atotal .orifice
5 jumlah total orifice tiap filter =
A lub ang .tiap.orifice
= 1472 buah
6 jumlah orifice tiap lateral = total .orifice
pipa .lateral
= 56 buah
7 jarak tiap orifice = Panjang . pipa.lateral ( dxjumlah.orifice)
Jumlah.orifice 1
= 0.064 m
= 6.4 cm
Untuk memenuhi baku mutu sesuai dengan sheet alternatif pengolahan, maka unit filtrasi di pasang secara seri 2x sehingga jumlah total unit filtr
II pipa lateral
1 Jumlah pipa lateral = 26 buah
2 D pipa lateral = 0.2 m
3 L pipa lateral = 4.4979991994 m
4 A pipa lateral = 0.0314 m2
5 Q tiap lateral = Qpipa.manifold
n
= 0.0031885548 m3/dt
6 V lateral saat filtrasi = Q/A
= 0.1015463305 m/dt
2
1 L V
7 Hf lateral = fx x
3 D 2 xg
= 0.000118200 m
= 0.000056520 m3/dt
C = 0.6
V orifice saat filtrasi = Q
AxC
= 0.2 m/dt
Hf pada orifice =
V2
2 xg
= 0.002038736 m
Hf underdrain saat filtrasi = Hf manifold+Hf lateral+Hf orifice
= 0.80752 m
II pipa lateral
1 Jumlah pipa lateral = 26 buah
2 D pipa lateral = 0.2 m
3 L pipa lateral = 4m
4 A pipa lateral = 0.0314 m2
5 Q tiap lateral = Qpipa.manifold
n
= 0.0035428386 m3/dt
6 V lateral saat backwash = Q/A
= 0.1128292561 m/dt
2
1 L V
fx x
3 D 2 xg
2
1 L V
7 Hf lateral = fx x
3 D 2 xg
= 0.000145926 m
= 0.000062800 m3/dt
C = 0.6
V orifice saat backwash = Q
AxC
= 0.2222222222 m/dt
Hf pada orifice =
V2
2 xg
= 0.002516958 m
Hf underdrain saat backwash = Hf manifold+Hf lateral+Hf orifice
= 0.99694 m
Bak Pengumpul
1 Jumlah bak = 2 buah
2 Rasio p:l = 2
4 Saluran dari beton (n) = 0.015
5 Tebal dinding = 25 cm
6 Qmasing-masing sumur = 832 l/dt = 0.832 m3/detik
7 td 2 menit = 120 detik
8 Volume sumur = Q masing-masing sumur*td = 99.84 m3
9 H = 2m
10 A = 49.92 m2
11 (Asurface/rasio P:L)^0,5
Lebar = = 4.9959983987 m
= 3m
12 Panjang = Rasio p:l*L = 9.9919967974 m
= 6m
13 Tebal dinding = 25 cm = 0.25 m
14 Dimensi sumur pengumpul
Panjang total = p+(2*dinding beton) = 6.5 m
Lebar total = l+(2*dinding beton) = 3.5 m
Freeboard = 0.3 m
Kedalaman = h+f = 2.3 m
15 v dalam bak = V pd outlet Sedimentasi = 0.0025 m/det
16 Headloss:
2 1
v= 1 b x h 3 hf 2
n b 2 h L
Mayor losses = (((Kecepatan*0,015)/(((Lebar*Kedalaman)/(Lebar+(2*Kedalaman)))^(2/3)))^2)*Panjang saluran
= 0.00000001 m
slope 2 = Mayor losses/Panjang saluran = 0.000000002
V
Head kecepatan (hv) = (Kecepatan^2)/(2*9,81) = 0.0000003 m
2g
Head total = Mayor losses+Head kecepatan (hv) = 0.0000003 m
L
n b 2h
L
n b 2h
Mayor losses = (((Kecepatan*0,015)/(((Lebar*Kedalaman)/(Lebar+(2*Kedalaman)))^(2/3)))^2)*Panjang pintu air
= 0.0020 m
slope = Mayor losses/Panjang pintu air = 0.0080
V2
Head kecepatan (hv) = (Kecepatan^2)/(2*9,81) = 0.0510 m
2g
Head total = Mayor losses+Head kecepatan (hv) = 0.0530 m
Pintu air
1 lebar pintu air = 0.2 m
2 Debit pada pintu air = 0.0091 m3/det
3 V melalui saluran = Vair pada outlet = 1 m/det
4 A = Q/v = 0.0091363016 m2
5 Panjang pintu air = Lebar saluran sumur pengumpul = 0.3 m
6 Tinggi muka air sebelum pintu (y) = A/lebar saluran m = 0.04 m
7 Bukaan pintu air = 0.0719 m
Q = C.L.H ((2gy)^0,5)
C (konstanta pintu air) = 0.6
g = 9.81
y = 0.04
5 Headloss:
2 1
v= 1 bxh 3
hf 2
L
n b 2h
Mayor losses = (((Kecepatan*0,015)/(((Lebar*Kedalaman)/(Lebar+(2*Kedalaman)))^(2/3)))^2)*Panjang pintu air
= 0.0039 m
slope = Mayor losses/Panjang pintu air = 0.0155
V2
Head kecepatan (hv) = (Kecepatan^2)/(2*9,81) = 0.0510 m
2g
V2
2g
Head total = Mayor losses+Head kecepatan (hv) = 0.0548 m
1 L/s
0.0228242759 MGD
499.2 L/s dipunya mbak uwik diisi 1000, ku bingung kalo 1000 brrt nantoi jumlah bak gada hubungannya sama Q kita
11.393878529 MGD
m
media pasir silika
ES 0.6
US Sieve Number
UC 1.4
40 – 30
D60% 0.84 30 – 20
20 – 18
18 – 16
16 – 12
12 – 8
Marsono,2000
hL
1
2
6
2
hf f
k * *V f * *
l g f
3
=
=
k
=
ν =
Vf =
f =
g =
Ψ =
Pi =
di =
media antrasit
US Sieve Number
40 – 30
ES 1.2 30 – 20
UC 1.5 20 – 18
18 - 16
D60% 1.8
0.26
no intermixing
media penyangga
di (cm)
0.34
0.773
1.55
2.69
4.9
0.06 6.85
0.065 7.51
0.084 10.07
0.11 13.70
0.142 18.34
0.2 27.13
Marsono,2000
Marsono,2000
1.85
Q
2.63
x L
0. 2785 . C . D
1.85
Q
2.63
x L
0.2785 . C . D
1.85
m
Q
0.00155 . C . D 2.63 x L
1.85
Q
0.00155 . C . D 2.63 x L
Q
1.85
0.00155 . C . D 2.63 x L 2.63
x L
xL 0. 2785 . C . D
2.63
0.2785 . C . D
200 mm
1.85
Q
2.63
xL
a bandingannya w gtau 0.2785 . C . D
1.85
Q m
0.00155 . C . D 2.63 x L
1.85
Q
2.63
x L
0. 2785 . C . D
1.85
Q
2.63
x L
0. 2785 . C . D
)))^(2/3)))^2)*Panjang saluran
)))^(2/3)))^2)*Panjang pintu air
1
2
5 - 15 m/jam 120-360 m3/m2.hari 3
5 m/jam
15 m/jam
1
2
6
2
f Pi
* * * 2
* L
f di
3
konstanta (k = 5)
viskositas kinematis (cm2/det)
kecepatan filtrasi (cm/det)
porositas media
kecepatan gavitasi (cm/det2)
shape factor (faktor baentuk)
fraksi berat
diameter geometri media
Diameter
rata-rata Fraksi Berat Pi /di2
(mm) Pi (%)
1.2 10 6.944444444 10
1.8 50 15.43 60
1.9 30 8.31 90
2 10 2.50 100
Ʃ 33.18679252
0.01
Pi (%) Pi/di2
10 0.8651
15 0.2510
20 0.0832
25 0.0345
30 0.0125
Ʃ 1.2464
fe pi pi/(1-fe) Nre
Minimum 5 bak -
6-12 12-33
Tanpa/dengan blower & atau suTanpa/dengan blower & atau surface wash
36 – 50 72 – 198
10 – 15 -
18 – 24 -
30 - 50 30 – 50
80 – 100 -
2 -- 5 -
80 – 100 -
5 – 10 -
80 – 100 -
10 – 15 -
80 – 150 -
15 – 30 -
Gravitasi Bertekanan
120 – 360 m /m .hari
3 2
Dalam
iya Iya
optional Iya
iya Tidak
Tinggi Medium
Tinggi Tinggi
90 – 99 %
Diperlukan
suhu
30 ° µ = 7.98E-04 kg.m/det
ʋ = 8.00E-07 m2/det
ρ = 995.7 kg/m³
g = 9.81 m/s²