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    Describing Materials - Definitions

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    Alvaro Catala
    The document defines key material properties including brittle materials that break easily with little deformation like ceramics and glass, malleable materials like gold that can change shape through compression but lose strength, and ductile materials like copper that can be stretched into wires without breaking and deform plastically under tension. Additionally, it defines hard materials like diamond that resist surface indentation, tough materials like copper and rubber that absorb impact, strong materials with high breaking stresses like steel, and stiff materials with high resistance to bending and stretching like steel. Finally, it distinguishes elastic deformation where materials return to their original shape from plastic deformation where materials are permanently deformed.

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    Describing Materials - Definitions

    Uploaded by

    Alvaro Catala
    9 views1 page
    The document defines key material properties including brittle materials that break easily with little deformation like ceramics and glass, malleable materials like gold that can change shape through compression but lose strength, and ductile materials like copper that can be stretched into wires without breaking and deform plastically under tension. Additionally, it defines hard materials like diamond that resist surface indentation, tough materials like copper and rubber that absorb impact, strong materials with high breaking stresses like steel, and stiff materials with high resistance to bending and stretching like steel. Finally, it distinguishes elastic deformation where materials return to their original shape from plastic deformation where materials are permanently deformed.

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    The document defines key material properties including brittle materials that break easily with little deformation like ceramics and glass, malleable materials like gold that can change shape through compression but lose strength, and ductile materials like copper that can be stretched into wires without breaking and deform plastically under tension. Additionally, it defines hard materials like diamond that resist surface indentation, tough materials like copper and rubber that absorb impact, strong materials with high breaking stresses like steel, and stiff materials with high resistance to bending and stretching like steel. Finally, it distinguishes elastic deformation where materials return to their original shape from plastic deformation where materials are permanently deformed.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    9 views1 page

    Describing Materials - Definitions

    Uploaded by

    Alvaro Catala
    The document defines key material properties including brittle materials that break easily with little deformation like ceramics and glass, malleable materials like gold that can change shape through compression but lose strength, and ductile materials like copper that can be stretched into wires without breaking and deform plastically under tension. Additionally, it defines hard materials like diamond that resist surface indentation, tough materials like copper and rubber that absorb impact, strong materials with high breaking stresses like steel, and stiff materials with high resistance to bending and stretching like steel. Finally, it distinguishes elastic deformation where materials return to their original shape from plastic deformation where materials are permanently deformed.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Describing Materials

    Definitions

    You must learn these definitions exactly as are set out below.

    Brittle: A brittle material will break with little or no plastic deformation.


    Examples – ceramics, glass

    Malleable: A malleable material can be made to change shape but may lose its
    strength. Malleable materials show a large plastic deformation under
    compression. Example - Gold

    Ductile: A ductile material can be pulled into wires or threads without losing its
    strength. Ductile materials show plastic deformation before failure under
    tension. Example - Copper

    Hard: A hard material can resist plastic deformation by surface indentation or


    scratching. Example - Diamond

    Tough: A tough material can withstand impact forces and absorb a lot of
    energy before breaking. Large forces produce a moderate deformation.
    Examples – Copper, rubber tyres

    Strong: A strong material has a high breaking stress. Example – Steel

    Stiff: A stiff material will have a very high young modulus which means a high
    resistance to bending and stretching. Example – Steel

    Elastic Deformation: The material will regain its original shape once the
    deforming force is removed.

    Plastic Deformation: The material will not regain its original shape once the
    deforming force is removed.

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