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1. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan satu sel tumbuhan.

Diagram below shows a plant cell.

R
Q

Apakah P, Q dan R?
What are P, Q and R?

P Q R
A Jalinan endoplasma kasar Kloroplas Jalinan endoplasma licin
Rough endoplasmic Smooth endoplasmic
Chloroplast
reticulum reticulum
B Jasad Golgi Kloroplas Jalinan endoplasma licin
Smooth endoplasmic
Golgi apparatus Chloroplast
reticulum
C Jalinan endoplasma licin Mitokondrion Jasad Golgi
Smooth endoplasmic
Mitochondrion Golgi apparatus
reticulum
D Jalinan endoplasma kasar Mitokondrion Jasad Golgi
Rough endoplasmic Mitochondrion
Golgi apparatus
reticulum

5. Rajah menunjukkan organel yang terdapat di dalam suatu sel.


Diagram shows an organelle of a cell.

Antara proses berikut, yang manakah berlaku dalam W?


Which of the following processes occurs in W?

A Fotosintesis B Pengangkutan enzim


Photosynthesis Transport enzim
C Sintesis protein D Penjanaan tenaga
Synthesis of protein Generation of energy
8. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan satu sel tumbuhan yang direndam dalam air suling
selama 10 minit.
Kemudian sel itu dipindahkan dan direndam di dalam 10 larutan sukrosa selama 5
minit.
Diagram below shows a plant cell immersed in distilled water for 10 minutes.
Then the cell is removed and immersed in a 10% sucrose solution for 5 minutes.

Sel tumbuhan dalam air suling


Plant cell in distilled water

Sel tumbuhan dalam 10% larutan sukrosa


Plant cell in 10% sucrose solution

Jika sel tumbuhan direndam semula dalam air suling selama 10 minit, apakah keadaan
sel tersebut?
If the plant cell is immersed in distilled water for another 10 minutes, what is the
condition of the cell?

10. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan struktur membran plasma.


Diagram below shows a structure of a plasma membrane.
P

Apakah P?
What is P?

A Karbohidrat B Kolesterol
Carbohydrate Cholesterol
C Protein pembawa D Fosolipid
Carrier protein Phospholipid

11. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan pergerakan molekul P merentasi membran plasma.


Diagram below shows the movement of molecule P across the plasma membrane.
P

Apakah P?
What is P?

A Glikogen B Glukosa
Glycogen Glucose
C Vitamin B D Vitamin D
Vitamin B Vitamin D

12. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan pergerakan molekul P merentasi membran plasma


melalui proses X.
Diagram below shows the movement of molecules P across the plasma membrane into
a cell through process X.
Molecule P
Molecule P

Protein pembawa
Carrier Protein

Apakah proses X?
What is process X?

A Osmosis
Osmosis
B Pengangkutan aktif
Active transport
C Resapan ringkas
Simple diffusion
D Resapan berbantu
Facilitated diffusion

13. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan urutan rendaman satu jalur batang bayam di dalam dua
larutan berlainan, 1.0 M larutan sukrosa dan air suling.
Diagram below shows a sequence of a strip of mustard green stem that is immersed in
two different solutions, 1.0 M sucrose solution and distilled water.
Proses X
Process X Proses Y
Process Y

Epidermis luar
Outer epidermis

Apakah proses X dan Y?


What are processes X and Y?

X Y
A Plasmolisis Deplasmolisis
Plasmolysis Deplasmolysis
B Deplasmolisis Plasmolisis
Deplasmolysis Plasmolysis
C Krenasi Plasmolisis
Crenation Plasmolysis
D Plasmolisis Hemolisis
Plasmolysis Haemolysis

14. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan penguraian tiga jenis molekul organik.


Diagram below shows the breakdown of three types of organic molecules.

X Y Y

Apakah X, Y dan Z?
What are X, Y and Z?

X Y Z
A Karbohidrat Lemak Protein
Carbohydrate Fat Protein
B Karbohidrat Protein Lemak
Carbohydrate Protein Fat
C Protein Karbohidrat Lemak
Protein Carbohydrate Fat
D Protein Lemak Karbohidrat
Protein Fat Carbohydrate

15. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan tindakan satu enzim ke atas satu molekul substrat.
Diagram below shows the action of an enzyme on a substrate molecule.
R
S
P Q
Apakah S jika P ialah laktase, Q ialah laktosa dan R ialah glukosa?
What is S if P is lactase, Q is lactose and R is glucose?

A Maltosa
Maltose
B Glukosa
Glucose
C Fruktosa
Fructose
D Galaktosa
Galactose

16. Seorang suri rumah menggunakan beberapa keping hirisan buah betik muda untuk
melembutkan daging yang dimasak untuk makan malam.
Yang manakah antara berikut urutan yang betul?
A housewife uses a few slices of unripe papaya to tenderize the meat she is cooking for
dinner.
Which of the following sequences is correct?

P Tambahkan hirisan betik muda


Add the raw papaya slices
Q Rebus daging itu
Boil the meat
R Biarkan daging tersebut selama satu jam setengah
Leave the meat for one and a half hour
S Potong daging kepada hirisan kecil
Cut the meat into small pieces

A Q→R→S→P
B S→P→R→Q
C P→Q→R→S
D R→S→Q→P

17. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan tiga struktur protein.


Diagram below shows three structure of protein.
P

Q R

Apakah struktur P,Q dan R?


What are structure P, Q and R?

P Q R
Primer Sekunder Kuartener
A
Primary Secondary Quaternary
Kuartener Primer Sekunder
B
Quaternary Primary Secondary
Kuartener Sekunder Primer
C
Quaternary Secondary Primary
Sekunder Primer Kuartener
D
Secondary Primary Quaternary

18. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan struktur asas DNA.


Diagram below shows the basic DNA structure.
P

R
Apakah P, R dan S?
What are P, R and S?

P R S
A Nucleotida Fosfat Gula deoksiribosa
Nukleotide Phosphate Deoxyribose sugar
B Fosfat Gula deoksiribosa Bes bernitrogen
Phosphate Deoxyribose sugar Nitrogenous base
C Fosfat Nucleotida Bes bernitrogen
Phosphate Nukleotide Nitrogenous base
D Bes bernitrogen Fosfat Nucleotida
Nitrogenous base Phosphate Nukleotide
19.
X
Asid amino + Asid amino dipeptida + air
Amino acid + Amino acid dipeptide +
water
Y

Apakah X dan Y?
What is process X and Y?

X Y
Hidrolisis Kondensasi
A
Hydrolysis Condensation
Kondensasi Hidrolisis
B
Condensation Hydrolysis
Hidrolisis Hidrolisis
C
Hydrolysis Hydrolysis
Kondensasi Kondensasi
D
Condensation Condensation

20. Manakah di antara berikut, bukan ciri mitosis?


Which of the following is not a characteristic of mitosis?

A Ia menghasilkan variasi genetik.


It results in genetic variation.
B Sel baru yang terbentuk digunakan untuk pertumbuhan dalam organisma multisel.
New cells produced are used for growth of multicellular organisms.
C Mitosis penting untuk menggantikan sel yang mati.
Mitosis is important for replacing dead cell.
D Sel yang tercedera boleh digantikan dengan penghasilan sel baru yang serupa.
Damaged cells can be replaced by production of identical new cells.

21. Antara peringkat pembahagian sel berikut, yang manakah menunjukkan peringkat
pembahagian meiosis?
Which of the following cell division stages show a stage in meiosis I?

I III

II IV

A I dan II
I and II
B III dan IV
III and IV
C I, II dan IV
I, II and IV
D II, III dan IV
II, III and IV

22. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan satu sel haiwan sedang mengalami meiosis I.
Diagram below shows an animal cell is undergoing meiosis I.

Berapakah bilangan kromosom dalam gamet haiwan ini?


How many chromosomes are there in the gamete of this animal?

A 2 B 4
C 6 D 8

23. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan satu fasa semasa meiosis.


Diagram below shows a phase during meiosis.

Apakah kepentingan fasa tersebut?


What is the significance of the phase shown?

A Menghasilkan sel anak yang mempunyai bilangan kromosom yang sama dengan
sel induk.
Produce daughter cell with equal number of chromosome as the parent cell.
B Menyebabkan pindah silang berlaku antara kromosom homolog.
Cause crossing over occurs between homologous chromosomes.
C Bilangan kromosom dalam sel anak menjadi separuh.
Halved the number of chromosome in each daughter cell.
D Menghasilkan variasi pada gamet.
Produce variation in gamete.

24.6 Rajah di bawah menunjukkan fasa-fasa satu kitar sel.


Diagram below shows the phases in a cell cycle.
Fasa X
Phase X

U Q
R
Fasa Y
Phase Y

Apakah fasa yang diwakili oleh V?


What phase is represented by V?

A Mitosis
Mitosis
B Sitokinesis
Cytokinesis
C Peringkat S
Stage S
D Peringkat G1
Stage G1

26. Rajah menunjukkan satu peringkat dalam proses pembahagian sel. Yang manakah di
antara sel berikut adalah hasil daripada pembahagian sel ini?
Diagram shows a stage of cell division process. Which of the following human cell is
a product of this cell division?

A Sel otot B Sel saraf


Muscle cell Nerves cell
C Sel sperma D Sel epitelium
Sperm cell Epithelial cell

27. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan beberapa peringkat meiosis dalam suatu sel.
Diagram below shows some stages of meiosis in a cell.
I III

II IV

Antara berikut, yang manakah merupakan urutan yang benar bagi peringkat-peringkat
itu?
Which of the following is the most correct sequence of the stages?

A I, III , IV, II
B II, III, I, IV
C II, I, III, IV
D IV, I, III, II

28. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan satu peringkat meoisis dalam satu sel sejenis haiwan.
Diagram below shows a stage of meiosis in a cell of an animal.

Apakah nombor diploid bagi kromosom di dalam setiap sel somatik haiwan itu?
What is the diploid number of chromosomes in each somatic cell of the animal?

A 2 B 4
C 4 D 16

29. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan beberapa peringkat dalam meiosis.


Diagram below shows some of the stages of meiosis.
P Q

R S
Manakah antara berikut adalah peringkat dalam meiosis mengikut urutan yang betul?
Pertama → akhir
Which of the following has the stages of meiosis in the correct sequence?
First → last

A S, R, Q, P B R, S, P, Q
C P, S ,Q, R D Q, R, P, S

30. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan satu sel pada satu peringkat mitosis.
Diagram below shows a cell at one particular stage of mitosis.

Sel yang mana satukah yang terhasil dari pembahagian sel tersebut?
Which cell is produced by the cell division?

A B

C D
31. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan sebahagian sistem pencernaan.
Diagram below shows part of the digestive system.

Y
X

Manakah struktur yang menghasilkan bahan yang terlibat dalam pencernaan lemak?
Which structures produce substances involved in fat digestion?

A X sahaja B Y sahaja
X only Y only
C X dan Z sahaja D X,Y dan Z
X and Z only X, Y and Z

32. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan sebahagian daripada sistem pencernaan manusia.


Diagram below shows a part of the human digestive system.

Organ X
Organ X
Proses yang manakah akan terjejas apabila organ X gagal berfungsi?
Which process is affected when organ X fails to function?

A Pencernaan sukrosa B Pengemulsian lipid


Digestion of sucrose Emulsification of lipids
C Perembesan enzim pepsin D Penukaran glikogen kepada glukosa
Secretion of enzyme pepsin Conversion of glycogen to glucose

33. Rajah menunjukkan struktur kloroplas dilihat di bawah mikroskop elektron.


Diagram shows the structure of a chloroplast as seen under an electron microscope.

X
Antara berikut, yang manakah diperlukan untuk tindakbalas dalam X dan Y?
Which of the following are required for the reactions in X and Y?

X Y
A Karbon dioksida Cahaya
Carbon dioxide Light
B Karbon dioksida Klorofil
Carbon dioxide Chlorophyll
C Water Karbon dioksida
Air Carbon dioxide
D Ion hidrogen Water
Hydrogen ions Air

34. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan keratan memanjang satu vilus.


Diagram below shows a longitudinal section of a villus.

Nutrien yang manakah terdapat dalam W?


Which nutrient can be found in W?

A Vitamin C
Vitamin C
B Asid amino
Amino acids
C Vitamin E
Vitamin E
D Glukosa
Glucose

35. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan aras pelbagai kelas makanan dalam piramid makanan.
Diagram below shows the level of various food classes in a food pyramid.

Antara pernyataan berikut yang manakah menunjukkan aras kelas makanan yang betul
dalam piramid makanan?
Which of the following shows the correct classes of food in the food pyramid?

1 2 3 4
A Vitamin dan
Karbohidrat
Lemak Protein garam mineral
Carbohydrates
Fats Proteins Vitamins and
minerals
B Vitamin dan
Karbohidrat
garam mineral Protein Lemak
Carbohydrates
Vitamins and Proteins Fats
minerals
C Vitamin dan
Karbohidrat
Protein Lemak garam mineral
Carbohydrates
Proteins Fats Vitamins and
minerals
D Vitamin dan
Karbohidrat
Lemak garam mineral Protein
Carbohydrates
Fats Vitamins and Proteins
minerals

36. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan organisma P, Q dan R.


Diagram below shows organisms P, Q and R.

P
Batang pokok
mati
Dead trunk

Apakah jenis nutrisi organisma P, Q dan R?


What are the type of nutrition for organisms P, Q and R?

P Q R
A Saprofitik Autotrofik Parasitik
Saprophytic Autotrophic Parasitic
B Autotrofik Heterotrofik Parasitik
Autotrophic Heterotrophic Parasitic
C Autotrofik Saprofitik Autotrofik
Autotrophic Saprophytic Autotrophic
D Saprofitik Parasitik Autotrofik
Saprophytic Parasitic Autotrophic

37. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan sistem pencernaan rodensia.


Diagram below shows the digestive system of a rodent.

Antara bahagian berlabel A, B, C dan D yang manakah mengandungi mikrob yang


membantu perncernaan selulosa?
Which of the part labelled A, B, C and D contains microbes that help cellulose
digestion?

38. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan seorang kanak-kanak yang mengalami penyakit riket.
Diagram below shows a child with rickets.

Apakah vitamin yang dia kekurangan?


Which vitamin is he lacking?

A Vitamin B
B Vitamin C
C Vitamin D
D Vitamin E

39. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan sistem pencernaan manusia.


Diagram below shows the human digestive system.
A
C

B D

Yang manakah antara bahagian berlabel A, B, C dan D merupakan tempat berlakunya


deaminasi?
Which of the part labelled A, B, C and D is the site where deamination takes place?

40. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan carta bar menggambarkan keperluan tenaga bagi
individu P, Q dan R.
Diagram below is a bar chart which illustrates the energy requirements of individuals
P, Q and R.
Keperluan tenaga
Energy requirements

Individu
P Q R Individual
Individu yang manakah yang digambarkan oleh P, Q dan R?
Which individuals are represented by P, Q and R?

P Q R
A Kerani Buruh binaan Ibu susuan
Clerk Construction worker Breast feeding mother
B Buruh binaan Kerani Ibu susuan
Construction worker Clerk Breast feeding mother
C Ibu susuan Buruh binaan Kerani
Breast feeding mother Construction worker Clerk
D Ibu susuan Kerani Buruh binaan
Breast feeding mother Clerk Construction worker

41. Yang manakah betul bagi respirasi aerobik berbanding respirasi anaerobik?
Which are correct about aerobic respiration as compared to anaerobic respiration?

I Berlaku dalam sitoplasma


Occurs in cytoplasm
II Pengoksidaan glukosa lengkap
Complete oxidation of glucose
III Tenaga yang dihasilkan per molekul glukosa tinggi
High energy released per glucose molecule
IV Hasil respirasi ialah asid laktik dan tenaga
Products of respiration are lactic acids and energy

A I dan Il sahaja B Il dan III sahaja


I and Il only lI and III only
C I dan IV sahaja D III dan IV sahaja
I and IV only III and IV only

42. Manakah yang berikut menunjukkan persamaan yang betul bagi respirasi di dalam sel
otot? SEMASA AKTIVITI CERGAS
Which of the following is the correct equation for the respiration in muscle cells?

A Glukosa → asid laktik + tenaga


Glucose → lactic acid + energy
B Glukosa → karbon dioksida + etanol + tenaga
Glucose → carbon dioxide + ethanol + energy
C Glukosa + oksigen → karbon dioksida + etanol + tenaga
Glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + ethanol + energy
D Glukosa + oksigen → karbon dioksida + air + etanol + tenaga
Glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water + ethanol + energy

43. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan sistem trakea bagi seekor serangga.


Diagram below shows the trachea system of an insect.

J K

Bahagian manakah tempat berlakunya pertukaran gas?


Which part does the gaseous exchange occur?

A J B K
C L D M

44. Persamaan perkataan mewakili tindakbalas kimia untuk respirasi anaerobik oleh yis.
The equation represents a chemical reaction for anaerobic respiration by yeast.

Yis
Glukosa Yeast Tenaga
P + Q + Energy
Glucose Enzim zimase
Zymase enzyme

Apakah P dan Q?
What are P and Q?
P Q
A Etanol Karbon dioksida
Ethanol Carbon dioxide
B Etanol Oksigen
Ethanol Oxygen
C Asid Laktik Karbon dioksida
Lactic acid Carbon dioxide
D Asid Laktik Oksigen
Lactic acid Oxygen

45. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan mekanisma menarik nafas dan menghembus nafas bagi
seekor ikan.
Diagram below shows inhalation and exhalation mechanisms of a fish.
Rongga mulut
Bucal cavity

Insang
Gill

Rongga operkulum
Opercular cavity

Aliran air
Water flows

Yang manakah pernyataan berikut adalah benar tentang kedua-dua proses di atas?
Which of the following statement is correct between the two processes?

Menarik nafas Menghembus nafas


Inhalation Exhalation
A Lantai mulut diangkat Lantai mulut diturunkan
The of bucal cavity is lowered floor of The floor
bucal cavity is raised
B Rongga mulut menjadi lebih besar Rongga mulut menjadi lebih kecil
The opercular cavity becomes larger The opercular cavity becomes smaller
C Otot interkostal luar mengecut Otot interkostal luar mengendur
The external intercostal muscle The external intercostal muscle relax
contract
D Tekanan di dalam rongga mulut lebih Tekanan di dalam rongga mulut lebih
tinggi daripada tekanan di luar rendah daripada tekanan di luar
The pressure in the bucal cavity is The pressure in the bucal cavity is
higher than the pressure outside lower than the pressure outside
46. Organisma manakah adalah komensalISME?
Which organism is a commensal?

A B

C D

47. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan profil hutan paya bakau.


Diagram below shows a profile of a mangrove swamp.
Air pasang
High tide
Air surut
Low tide

Tebang lumpur
tanpa tumbuh-
tumbuhan Zon 1 Zon 2 Zon 3
Zone 1 Zone 2 Zone 3
Muddy shore
without plant

Apakah spesies dominan yang terdapat di setiap zon ini?


What are the dominant species found in each zone?

Zon 1 Zon 2 Zon 3


Zone 1 Zone 2 Zone 3
A Avicennia sp and
Rhizophora sp Bruguiera sp
Sonneratia sp
B Avicennia sp and
Bruguiera sp Rhizophora sp
Sonneratia sp
C Avicennia sp and
Rhizophora sp Bruguiera sp
Sonneratia sp
D Avicennia sp and
Bruguiera sp Rhizophora sp
Sonneratia sp

48. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan satu ekosistem sebuah kolam yang ditinggalkan yang
mengalami proses pengkolorian dan sesaran.
Diagram below shows an ecosystem of an abandoned pond which undergoes
colonization and succession process.
N P
O

Yang manakah antara M, N, O dan P merupakan spesies perintis?


Which of M, N, O and P is the pioneer species?

A M
B N
C O
D P

49. Jadual di bawah menunjukkan keputusan satu eksperimen untuk mengkaji populasi
belalang di satu kawasan.
Table below shows the result of an experiment to study the population of grasshoppers
in an area.

Bilangan belalang
Bilangan tangkapan Number of grasshoppers
Number of captured Bertanda Tidak bertanda
Marked Unmarked
Tangkapan pertama
180 -
First capture
Tangkapan kedua
45 100
Second capture

Apakah anggaran saiz populasi belalang di kawasan tersebut?


What is the estimated population size of the grasshoppers in the area?

A 7
B 180
C 261
D 580

51. Jadual di bawah menunjukkan bilangan tumbuhan P dalam 10 kuadrat yang berlainan
setiap satu berukuran 1m x 1m.
Table below shows the number of plant P present in 10 different quadrants, each
measuring 1m x 1m.

Nombor kuadrat Bilangan tumbuhan P


Quadrat number Number of plant P
I 14
II 10
III 0
IV 22
V 18
VI 16
VII 12
VIII 0
IX 15
X 13

Hitung kepadatan P.
Calculate the density of P.

A 8 m-2
B 12 m-2
C 15 m-2
D 120 m-2

52. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan lapan kuadrat yang digunakan untuk menganggar
populasi Mimosa pudica di padang sekolah. Litupan setiap kuadrat direkodkan.
Diagram below shows eight similar quadrates that are used to estimate the population
of Mimosa pudica in a school field. The coverage of each quadrate is recorded.

1m

1m

2 2 2 2
Q1=0.5m Q2=0.8m Q3=0.5m Q4=0.5m

2 2 2 2
Q5=1.0m Q6=0.6m Q7=0 m Q8=0.1m

Apakah peratus litupan Mimosa pudica di padang sekolah ini?


What is the percentage coverage of Mimosa pudica in this schhol field?

A 39%
B 49%
C 67%
D 77%

53. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan satu aktiviti manusia.


Diagram below shows a human activity.
Apakah kesan aktiviti ini?
What is the effect of this activity?

A Hujan asid
Acid rain
B Tanah runtuh
Landslides
C Eutrofikasi
Eutrophication
D Penipisan lapisan ozon
Ozone depletion

54. Peningkatan kepekatan nitrat dan fosfat di dalam kolam akan meningkatkan
pertumbuhan alga. Manakah di antara kejadian berikut merujuk kepada pernyataan di
atas?
The increase in nitrates and phosphate concentration in pond will increase the growth
of algae. Which of the following occurrence refers to the statement?

A Keperluan oksigen biokimia B Eutrofikasi


Biochemical oxygen demand Eutrophication
C Hujan asid D Pemanasan global
Acid rain Global warming

55. Antara gas berikut, yang manakah memusnahkan lapisan ozon?


Which of the following gases destroys the ozone layer?

A Karbon dioksida
Carbon dioxide
B Kloroflurokarbon
Chloroflurokarbon
C Metana
Methane
D Nitrus oksida
Nitrous oxide

56. Rajah menunjukkan pengeluaran pelbagai jenis gas dari kilang kimia dalam suatu
kawasan per industrian.
Diagram shows the emission of various gases by a chemical factory in an industrial
area.

NO SO 2 NO

Antara fenomena di bawah, yang manakah lebih kerap berlaku?


Which of the following phenomenon is the most likely to occur?

A Hujan asid
Acid rain
B Pemanasan global
Global warning
C Kesan rumah hijau
Green house effect
D Penipisan lapisan ozon
Thinning of ozone

57. Maklumat berikut adalah satu dapatan yang diperoleh daripada kajian ke atas sungai
X.
The following information is a finding obtained from a study on a river X.

Nilai keperluan oksigen biokimia (B.O.D) adalah rendah.


Biochemical oxygen demand (B.O.D) value is low.

Pernyataan manakah yang betul mengenai sungai X?


Which statement is correct about river X?

A Sungai itu tercemar.


The river is polluted.
B Kandungan oksigen terlarut adalah tinggi.
The content of dissolved oxygen is high.
C Sungai itu mengandungi kuantiti bakteria aerobik yang banyak.
The river contains high quantity of aerobic bacteria.
D Aktiviti penguraian oleh mikroorganisma adalah rendah.
The decomposition activity by microorganisms is low.

58. Antara berikut yang manakah adalah kesan penipisan ozon?


Which of the following are the effects of ozone depletion?

I Melanoma
Melanoma
II Rebut salji
Snow storms
III Fitoplankton mati
Phytoplankton is killed
IV Kadar fotosintesis meningkat
The rate of photosynthesis increases

A I dan II B I dan III


I and II I and III
C II dan IV D III dan IV
II and IV III and IV

59. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan satu keadaan stomata.


Diagram below shows a condition of a stomata.

Antara faktor yang berikut, yang manakah menyebabkan stomata berada dalam
keadaan seperti rajah di atas?
Which of the following factors causes the stomata to be in the condition as in diagram
below?

I Keamatan cahaya yang tinggi.


High intensity of light.
II Kelembapan relatif yang tinggi.
High relative humidity.
III Suhu persekitaran yang tinggi.
High temperature of the surroundings.

IV Kepekatan oksigen yang tinggi dalam atmosfera.


High concentration of oxygen in the atmosphere.

A I sahaja.
I only.
B I dan III sahaja.
I and III only.
C II dan III sahaja.
II and III only.
D II dan IV sahaja.
II and IV only.

60. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan sejenis tisu tumbuhan.


Diagram below shows a type of plant tissue.

Apakah kepentingan S?
What is the importance of S?

A Untuk mengangkut hasil fotosintesis


To transport photosynthetic products
B Untuk mengangkut air dan garam mineral
To transport water and mineral salts
C Untuk memberikan kesegahan kepada tisu tumbuhan
To give turgidity to the tissue
D Untuk memberikan kekuatan dan sokongan mekanikal
To give strength and mechanical support

61. Jadual di bawah menunjukkan ciri-ciri darah dalam salur darah X pada manusia.
Table below shows the characteristics of blood in blood vessel X of human.

Tekanan Kepekatan oksigen Kepekatan karbon dioksida


Pressure Oxygen concentration Carbon dioxide concentration
Tinggi Rendah Tinggi
High Low High

Apakah salur darah X?


What is blood vessel X?

A Aorta B Vena kava


Aorta Vena cava
C Vena pulmonari D Arteri pulmonari
Pulmonary vein Pulmonary artery

62. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan sistem limfa.


Diagram below shows the lymphatic system.
Struktur X
Structure X

Antara berikut manakah merupakan fungsi struktur X?


Which of the following are functions of structure X?

I Ia menapis keluar partikel asing.


It filters out foreign particles.
II Makrofaj di X mengepung dan memusnahkan bakteria.
Macrophages in X engulf and destroy bacteria.
III Limfosit X di X menghasilkan antibodi untuk memusnahkan antigen.
Lymphocytes in X produce antibodies to destroy antigens.
IV Ia menghalang pengumpulan cecair tsiu.
It prevents accumulation of tissue fluid.

A I dan III sahaja


I and III only
B I, II dan IV
I, II and III
C I, II dan IV
I, II and IV
D I, II, III dan IV
I, II,III and IV

63. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan sistem peredaran darah tertutup dan tunggal dalam suatu
organisma.
Diagram below shows a closed and single circulatory system in an organism.

Kapilari darah
Blood capillary
Organ J
Organ J

Ventikel
Ventricle

Atrium
Atrium

Organ K
Organ K
Kapilari darah
Blood capillary

Apakah organ J dan K?


What are organs J and K?
J K
A Insang Tisu badan
Gills Body tissue
B Peparu Tisu badan
Lungs Body tissue
C Tisu badan Tisu badan
Body tissue Body tissue
D Tisu badan Peparu
Body tissue Lung

64. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan sebahagian daripada sistem peredaran darah.


Diagram below shows a parts of blood circulatory system.

Kapilari darah Sel-sel badan


Blood capillary Body cells

Manakah bahan yang tidak terkandung dalam X?


What is the substance does not contain in X?

A Glukosa B Hormon
Glucose Hormones
C Protein plasma SAIZ BESAR D Leukosit
Plasma protein Leucocytes

65. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan mekanisma pembekaun darah.


Diagram below shows the mechanism of blood clotting.
Gumpalan platlet
Clumped platelets

Sel-sel tercedera
P
Damaged cells
Ion kalsium Vitamin K
Calcium ions Vitamin K
Faktor pembeku
Clotting factors Q R

Fibrinogen Fibrin
Fibrinogen Fibrin

Apakah P, Q dan R?
What are P, Q and R?
P Q R
A Tromboplastin Trombin Protrombin
Thromboplastin Thrombin Prothrombin
B Trombin Protrombin Tromboplastin
Thrombin Prothrombin Thromboplastin
C Tromboplastin Protrombin Trombin
Thromboplastin Prothrombin Thrombin
D Protrombin Tromboplastin Trombin
Prothrombin Thromboplastin Thrombin

67. Rajah menunjukkan struktur jantung dan salur darah yang berkaitan.
Diagram shows a structure of the heart and its associated blood vessels.

C
B

Yang manakah dari berikut A, B, C dan D membekalkan nutrien ke jantung?


Which of the following A, B, C and D supply nutrients to the heart?

68. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan keratan rentas jantung manusia.


Diagram below shows the cross section of a human heart.

C A
D B

Antara struktur berlabel A,B,C dan D yang manakah membawa darah beroksigen ke
seluruh sel badan?
Which of the following structure labelled A, B, C and D carries oxygenated blood to
all body cells?

69. Apakah jenis keimunan yang akan diperolehi dengan menyuntik vaksin ke dalam
badan?
Which type of immunity is obtained by injection vaccine in to the body?

A Keimunan aktif buatan


Artificial acquired active immunity
B Keimunan pasif buatan
Artificial acquired passive immunity
C Keimunan aktif semulajadi
Naturally acquired active immunity
D Keimunan pasif semulajadi
Naturally acquired passive immunity

70. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan urutan satu proses yang dilakukan oleh leukosit.
Diagram below shows the sequence in a process carried out by leucocyte.
Pathogen

Apakah proses ini?


What is the process?

A Lisis
Lysis
B Fagositosis
Phagocytosis
C Aglutinin
Agglutination
D Neutralisasi
Neutralisation

71. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan keratan menegak jantung manusia.


Diagram below shows a vertical section through the human heart.

Nodus sino-atrium
Sino-antrial node

Nodus atrium-ventrikel
Atrio-ventricular node

Serabut purkinje
Purkinje fibres

Manakah yang berikut adalah fungsi sino-atrium (SAN)?


Which of the following is the function of sino-atrial node (SAN)?

A Mengawal pengecutan ventrikel.


Control the ventricular contraction.
B Menghantar impuls ke dinding ventrikel.
Transmit the impulse to the ventricular walls.
C Mengawal pembukaan injap separa bulat.
Control the opening of semilunar valves.
D Berperanan sebagai perentak yang memulakan denyutan jantung.
Act as pacemaker which initiates the heart beat.

72. Rajah menunjukkan kepekatan antibodi dalam darah selepas dua suntikan antiserum.
Diagram shows the concentration of antibodies in the blood after two antiserum
injections.

Kepekatan antibodi dalam darah


Concentration of antibodiesin blood

Aras keimunan
Level of
immunity

Masa / minggu
Suntikan Suntikan Time / weeks
pertama kedua
First Second
injection injection

Apakah jenis keimunan yang ditunjukkan?


What is the type of immunity shown?

A Keimunan aktif buatan


Artificially acquired active immunity
B Keimunan pasif buatan
Artificially acquired passive immunity
C Keimunan aktif semulajadi
Naturally acquired active immunity
D Keimunan pasif semulajadi
Naturally acquired passive immunity

76. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan anggota hadapan manusia.


Diagram below shows human forearm limb.
M
K

L
N

Antara berikut yang manakah mewakili K, L, M dan N?


Which of the following represent K, L, M and N?
K L M N
A Ligamen Otot bisep Skapula Otot trisep
Ligament Biceps muscle Scapula Triceps muscle
B Ligamen Otot trisep Skapula Otot bisep
Ligament Triceps muscle Scapula Biceps muscle
C TENDON Otot trisep Skapula Otot bisep
Tendon Triceps muscle Scapula Biceps muscle
D TENDON Otot bisep Skapula Otot trisep
Tendon Biceps muscle Scapula Triceps muscle

77. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan tulang manusia.


Diagram below shows human bones.

P Q

R S

Antara berikut, tulang yang manakah sebahagian daripada rangka apendaj?


Which bones are parts of the appendicular skeleton?

A P dan S B Q dan R
P and S Q and R
C P, Q dan R D Q, R dan S
P, Q and R Q, R and S

78. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan satu vertebra lumbar manusia.


Diagram below shows a human lumbar vertebra.
X

Apakah fungsi X dan Y?


What is the function of X and Y?

A Perlindungan bagi saraf tunjang


Protection for spinal cord
B Permukaan untuk perlekatan neuron
Surfaces for neurone placement
C Permukaan untuk perlekatan otot
Surfaces for muscle attachment
D Permukaan untuk persendian dengan tulang rusuk
Surfaces for rib articulation

80. Rajah menunjukkan turus vetebra manusia.


Diagram shows the human vertebrae.

Yang manakah merupakan tulang pada P, Q dan R?


Which are the bones at P, Q and R?

P Q R
A

82. Apakah fungsi-fungsi rangka manusia?


What are the functions of the human skeleton?

I Menyokong badan
Supports the body
II Untuk pergerakan
For locomotion
III Menghasilkan sel darah
Produces blood cells
IV Melindungi organ dalaman seperti jantung dan peparu
Protects the internal organs such as heart and lungs

A I dan II sahaja
I and II only
B III dan IV sahaja
III and IV only
C I, II dan IV sahaja
I, II and IV only
D I, II, III dan IV
I, II, III and IV

83. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan sepasang otot pektoralis pada dua ekor burung. Otot
pektoralis major pada burung P adalah normal manakala otot pektoralis major pada
burung Q adalah abnormal.
Diagram below shows a pair of pectoralis muscles of two birds. The major pectoralis
muscle of bird P is normal while the major pectoral muscle of bird Q is abnormal.

Sternum
Sternum Otot pektoralis
minor
Minor pectoralis
Burung P muscles
Bird P

Sternum
Sternum Otot pektoralis
minor
Minor pectoralis
muscles
Burung Q
Bird Q

Apakah kesan daripada keabnormalan itu pada burung Q?


What is the effect of the abnormality on bird Q?

A Ia boleh terbang tinggi.


It can fly higher.
B Pergerakan sayap ke atas menjadi lemah.
The upward movement of the wings is weaker.
C Pergerakan sayap ke bawah menjadi lemah.
The downward movement of the wing is weaker.
D Pergerakan ke atas dan ke bawah sayap menjadi lebih cepat ketikaterbang.
The upward and downward movements of the wings are more rapid while flying.

85. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan satu sendi.


Diagram below shows a joint.

A
B

D
Antara bahagian A, B, C atau D yang manakah kuat dan elastik strukturnya?
Which part of A, B, C or D is structurally tough and elastic?

86. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan bahagian otak manusia.


Diagram below shows parts of the human brain.

Apakah fungsi Q?
What is the function of Q?

A Mengawal pemikiran
Controls thinking
B Mengawal degupan jantung
Controls rate of heart beat
C Mengawal keseimbangan badan
Controls balancing of body
D Mengawal pergerakan peristalsis
Controls peristalsis movement

87. Rajah menunjukkan laluan dalam arka reflex.


Diagram shows the pathway of an impulse in a reflex arc.

M Jarum
L Needle

K N

Pernyataan yang manakah betul dalam rajah?


Which statement is true in the diagram?

A N menyebabkan jari bertindak.


N causes the finger to react.
B Kadar pemindahan impuls melalui K bertambah.
The rate of impulse transmission through K increases.
C J menerima impuls dan membawanya kepada N.
J receives an impulse direct from L and caries it to N.
D L memindahkan impuls kepada M daripada sistem saraf pusat.
L transmits the impulse to M from the central nervous system.

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