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Important Formulas - Calendar

1. Odd Days

Number of days more than the complete weeks are called odd days in a given period.

2. Leap Year

A leap year has 366 days.

In a leap year, the month of February has 29 days.

Every year divisible by 4 is a leap year, if it is not a century.

Examples:
1952, 2008, 1680 etc. are leap years.
1991, 2003 etc. are not leap years

Every 4th century is a leap year and no other century is a leap year.

Examples:
400, 800, 1200 etc. are leap years.
100, 200, 1900 etc. are not leap years

3. Ordinary Year

The year which is not a leap year is an ordinary year.

An ordinary year has 365 days

4. Counting odd days and calculating day of any particular date

1 ordinary year ≡ 365 days ≡ (52 weeks + 1 day)

Hence number of odd days in 1 ordinary year= 1.

1 leap year ≡ 366 days ≡ (52 weeks + 2 days)

Hence number of odd days in 1 leap year= 2.

100 years ≡ (76 ordinary years + 24 leap years )

≡ (76 x 1 + 24 x 2) odd days
≡ 124 odd days.
≡ (17 weeks + 5 days)
≡ 5 odd days.

Hence number of odd days in 100 years = 5.

Number of odd days in 200 years = (5 x 2) = 10 ≡ 3 odd days

Number of odd days in 300 years = (5 x 3) = 15 ≡ 1 odd days

Number of odd days in 400 years = (5 x 4 + 1) = 21 ≡ 0 odd days

Similarly, the number of odd days in all 4th centuries (400, 800, 1200 etc.) = 0

Mapping of the number of odd day to the day of the week

Number of
Day of the week
odd days

0 Sunday

1 Monday

2 Tuesday

3 Wednesday

4 Thursday

5 Friday

6 Saturday

5. Additional Notes

Last day of a century cannot be Tuesday or Thursday or Saturday.

For the calendars of two different years to be the same, the following conditions must be
satisfied.

(1)Both years must be of the same type. i.e., both years must be ordinary years or both
years must be leap years.

(2)1 st January of both the years must be the same day of the week.

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showing 1-10 of 70 comments, sorted newest to the oldest

vinay verma 8 months ago

proof:-
last day of century cannot be Tuesday or Thursday or Saturday.
because 100 century consist 5 odd days, means Friday is the last day.
200 century consists 3 odd days, means Wednesday is the last day.
300 century consists 1 odd day, means Monday is the last day.
400 century doesn't consist any odd day.
cycle continues , hence proof.
(1) (0) Reply

Paras Dua 4 months ago

There should be 1 century instead of 100 century.

(0) (0) Reply

Pooja 10 months ago

100 year contain 24 leap years but how? Please explain it?
(0) (0) Reply

bishal 5 months ago

total number that are divisible by 4 upto 100 is 24 like

4,8,12,...,40,44,48,...,80,84,88,92,96. So this makes 24 leap years and the rest 100-24
as the ordinary years

(0) (0) Reply

Jay 10 months ago

Leap years are 4,8,12,...96 (remember 100 is not a leap year)

Number of terms in the sequence 4,8,12,...96

= (96-4)/4 + 1 = 24

Therefore 24 leap years

(0) (0) Reply

Usman 5 months ago

why 100 is not a leap year, while 100 is divided by 4 ?

(0) (0) Reply

Raj (Senior Maths Expert, careerbless.com) 5 months ago

For the background of these rules, suggested to read

scienceworld.wolfram.com/astronomy/LeapYear.html
http://www.wwu.edu/skywise/leapyear.html
(0) (0) Reply
 neena 10 months ago

You would expect 25 leap years , since 25x4=100. But years ending with 00 are not
considered to be leap years unless they are divisible by 400 also.

(0) (0) Reply

vick!! 8 months ago

4th century is leap year

(0) (0) Reply

Arup Saha 10 months ago

As given in the instructions, every century year not divisible by 4 is not a leap year. So
100th year is considered to be a non-leap year. While you divide 100/4 =25. But 25-
1=24 (for the century year which is non leap year)

(0) (0) Reply

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