Vitamins (combination of two words: Vital Amines) are the complex organic

substance essential in small quantities to the metabolism (nutrition) in most animals. These
are found in minute quantities in food, in some cases are produced by the body, and are also
produced synthetically. The human body needs them to work properly, so that we can grow
and develop just like we should. Their deficiency results in many serious disorders.

Vitamins are divided into two major groups: the ‘fat-soluble vitamins’ designated as
vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E, and vitamin K, and the ‘water-soluble vitamins’ which
include vitamin C and the group of molecules referred to as the vitamin B complex. Each of
them has its own special role in the development of human body.

Vitamin A

Vitamin A, a fat-soluble vitamin, plays a really big part in eyesight and helps us to see
in dim light and also at night. Vitamin A is also involved in the formation and maintenance of
healthy skin, hair, and mucous membranes. In addition, it is necessary for proper bone
growth, tooth development, reproduction and for the development of epithelial cells (that line
any opening to the body e.g.; nose, throat, lungs, mouth, stomach, intestines and urinary
tract). Vitamin A can be found in eggs, milk, carrots, spinach, sweet potatoes, fish oil, liver
(pork, lamb, chicken, turkey or beef), butter, broccoli, apricots, nectarines, cantaloupe, and
orange or yellow vegetables or fruits. The deficiency of vitamin A can cause two major
disorders like: night blindness and drying of skin.

Vitamin B

Vitamin B itself is a complex of different vitamins like: B1, B2, B6, B12, niacin, folic
acid, biotin and pantothenic acid. These B vitamins are very important in metabolic activity
and in facilitating the red blood cell (which carry oxygen throughout your body). They also
help your body make protein and energy. The sources of vitamin B are leafy green vegetables
seafood, beans, peas, citrus fruits, whole grains (such as wheat and oats), poultry, meats, eggs
and dairy products (like milk and yogurt). Some bacteria in our large intestine also prepare
some type of B-vitamins.

The deficiency of vitamin B can cause the disease “Beri Beri”, cracked lips, weak muscles,
malformation of red blood cells, affects normal growth and disturbs the nervous system.

Vitamin C

Vitamin C or ascorbic acid is a water-soluble, antioxidant vitamin that is vital to the

production of collagen, a protein that gives structure to bones, cartilage, muscle, and blood
vessels. It is important for keeping body tissues, such as gums and muscles in good shape and
it helps in quick healing of wounds. In addition, it helps protecting the fat-soluble vitamins A
and E as well as fatty acids from oxidation. The vitamin C can be found in citrus fruits (like
lemon & orange), cantaloupe, strawberries, tomatoes, broccoli, cabbage and in other fresh
fruits and vegetables. The deficiency of vitamin C affects the healthy skin; poor wound
healing and can lead to a disease called “Scurvy” which causes bleeding in gums, easy
bruising, bumps of coiled hair on the arms and legs, pain in the joints, muscle wasting, and
many other problems.

Vitamin D

Vitamin D is a fat-soluble vitamin that regulates the formation of bone and the
absorption of calcium and phosphorus from the intestine. It helps to control the movement of
calcium between bone and blood, and vice versa. It is this vitamin you need for strong bones
and teeth. In addition it helps your body absorb the amount of calcium it needs. Vitamin D
can be found in fish liver oil, egg yolks, milk and other dairy products fortified with vitamin
D. It is also produced in our body in the presence of ultra violet light and sunlight. The
deficiency of vitamin D can cause weak bones and bowed legs (in children). And its excess
can cause loss of appetite, weight loss, nausea, headache, depression and deposits of calcium
in the kidneys.

Vitamin E

Vitamin E, a fat-soluble vitamin, is essential for the inhibition of oxidation in body

tissues, formation of red blood cells, and also prevents breakdown of body tissues. It
maintains the body tissues and protects the lungs from becoming damaged by polluted air.

This vitamin can be found in whole grains (such as wheat and oat), wheat germ, leafy green
vegetables, sardines, egg yolks, nuts, bread, cereals and seeds.

The deficiency of this vitamin can cause many diseases like cancer, diabetes, heart disease,
and Alzheimer's disease.

question

1. In the class how the Vitamin kah?

Answer: Vitamins are divided into two main groups: 'fat-soluble vitamins' designated
as vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E, and vitamin K, and 'water-soluble vitamins'
which include vitamin C and a group of molecules known as vitamin B complex .
2. Divide into how groups of vitamin B?
Answer: Vitamin B complex itself is different vitamins such as B1, B2, B6, B12,
niacin, folic acid, biotin and pantothenic acid
3. The disease is initiated by a lack of vitamin A?
Answer: Lack of vitamin A can cause two major disorders such as night blindness and
drying of the skin
4. What is the function of Vitamin B?
Answer: in the metabolic activity and facilitate the red blood cells (which carry
oxygen throughout your body)
5. Is the vitamins?
Answer: is a complex organic substances essential in small amounts for metabolism
(nutrition)
6. There is where the Vitamin A?
Answer: Vitamin A can be found in eggs, milk, carrots, spinach, sweet potatoes, fish
oil, liver (pork, lamb, chicken, turkey or beef), butter, broccoli, apricots, nectarines,
melons, and vegetables or fruit- orange or yellow fruits
7. What is another name for vitamin C?
Answer: ascorbic acid
8. As a result of what caused if the deficiency and excess vitamin D?
Answer: Lack of vitamin D can cause weak bones and bowed legs (in children). And
the excess can cause loss of appetite, weight loss, nausea, headache, depression and
deposits of calcium in the kidneys.
9. Do What in the production of vitamin C?
Answer: antioxidant vitamin that is essential for the production of collagen, a protein
that gives structure to bones, cartilage, muscle, and blood vessels.
10. What function of vitamin E?
Answer: to inhibit oxidation in the body tissues, formation of red blood cells, and also
prevents damage to body tissues. It maintains the body's tissues and protect the lungs
from becoming damaged by air pollution.