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    Emd166 Slide Tension Pneumothorax PDF

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    1. A pneumothorax is a collection of air in the pleural space between the lung and chest wall, which can occur spontaneously due to a tear in the lung, due to trauma, or as a complication of medical procedures. 2. A tension pneumothorax occurs when air continues to leak into the pleural space under pressure, causing the lung to collapse and mediastinal structures to shift away from the affected side, which can compromise circulation. 3. Symptoms of a pneumothorax include chest pain, dyspnea, cyanosis, decreased or absent breath sounds on the affected side, and tracheal/heart deviation towards the unaffected side. Diagnosis is made through chest

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    Emd166 Slide Tension Pneumothorax PDF

    Uploaded by

    tehgokil
    6 views14 pages
    1. A pneumothorax is a collection of air in the pleural space between the lung and chest wall, which can occur spontaneously due to a tear in the lung, due to trauma, or as a complication of medical procedures. 2. A tension pneumothorax occurs when air continues to leak into the pleural space under pressure, causing the lung to collapse and mediastinal structures to shift away from the affected side, which can compromise circulation. 3. Symptoms of a pneumothorax include chest pain, dyspnea, cyanosis, decreased or absent breath sounds on the affected side, and tracheal/heart deviation towards the unaffected side. Diagnosis is made through chest

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    1. A pneumothorax is a collection of air in the pleural space between the lung and chest wall, which can occur spontaneously due to a tear in the lung, due to trauma, or as a complication of medical procedures. 2. A tension pneumothorax occurs when air continues to leak into the pleural space under pressure, causing the lung to collapse and mediastinal structures to shift away from the affected side, which can compromise circulation. 3. Symptoms of a pneumothorax include chest pain, dyspnea, cyanosis, decreased or absent breath sounds on the affected side, and tracheal/heart deviation towards the unaffected side. Diagnosis is made through chest

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    6 views14 pages

    Emd166 Slide Tension Pneumothorax PDF

    Uploaded by

    tehgokil
    1. A pneumothorax is a collection of air in the pleural space between the lung and chest wall, which can occur spontaneously due to a tear in the lung, due to trauma, or as a complication of medical procedures. 2. A tension pneumothorax occurs when air continues to leak into the pleural space under pressure, causing the lung to collapse and mediastinal structures to shift away from the affected side, which can compromise circulation. 3. Symptoms of a pneumothorax include chest pain, dyspnea, cyanosis, decreased or absent breath sounds on the affected side, and tracheal/heart deviation towards the unaffected side. Diagnosis is made through chest

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    1

    TENSION PNEUMOTHORAX
    Pediatric Respirology Division

    Helmi Lubis, dr, SpAK


    Ridwan M. Daulay, dr, SpAK
    Wisman Dalimunthe, dr, SpA
    Rini S. Daulay, dr, M.Ked(Ped), SpA
    2

    Pneumothorax
    • Accumulation of extra pulmonary air
    within the chest
    • Uncommon during childhood
    • Result from leakage of air from within the
    lung
    • Air leaks:
    ▫ Spontaneous
    ▫ Traumatic
    ▫ Iatrogenic
    ▫ Catamenial
    3

    Spontaneous Pneumothorax
    • Primary occurs without trauma or
    underlying lung disease
    • Secondary complication of underlying
    lung disorder but without trauma:
    ▫ Pneumonia
    ▫ Pulmonary abscess
    ▫ Gangrene
    ▫ Infarct
    ▫ Asthma
    ▫ Foreign body in the lung
    4

    Traumatic Pneumothorax
    • External chest / abdominal blunt /
    penetrating trauma  tear a bronchus or
    abdominal viscus  leakage air into
    pleural space
    5

    Iatrogenic Pneumothorax
    • Complicate of:
    ▫ Tracheostomy
    ▫ Thoracentesis
    ▫ Transbronchial byopsi
    ▫ Acupunture treatment
    6

    Catamenial Pneumothorax
    • Unusual condition
    • Associated with menses
    • Result from passage of intra abdominal
    air through diaphragmatic defect
    7

    Clinical Manifestations
    • Pain
    • Dyspnea
    • Cyanosis
    • Involved lung:
    ▫ Decreased breath sounds
    ▫ Percussion: tympanitic
    • Larynx, trachea and heart  shifted
    toward unaffected side
    • Gurgling sounds synchronous with
    respiration  open fistula connecting
    with air containing tissues
    8

    Diagnosis
    • Radiographic examination
    9

    Tension Pneumothorax ???


    10

    Evidence of tension:
    • Shift of mediastinal structure away from
    the side of air leak
    • Basis of evidence of:
    ▫ Circulatory compromise
    ▫ Hearing a”hiss” or rapid exit of the air with
    the insertion of thoracostomy tube
    11

    Tension Pneuothorax causes:


    • Limit expansion of contralateral lung
    • May compromise venous return
    12

    Definitive Treatment
    • Closed thoracotomy:
    ▫ Drainage trapped air through a catheter
    ▫ External opening in a dependent position
    under water  adequate to re-expand the
    lung
    • Open thoracotomy:
    ▫ Plication of blebs
    ▫ Closure of fistula
    ▫ Stripping of the pleura  apical lung
    • Thoracoscopy
    13

    • Chemical pleurodesis:
    ▫ Talc
    ▫ Tetracycline
    ▫ Silver Nitrate

    • Pleural pain  analgetic treatment:


    ▫ Codeine
    ▫ Morphine
    14

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