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Earthing Calculations Machike
Earthing Calculations Machike
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 OBJECTIVE...................................................................................................................... 2
1 OBJECTIVE
This document defines technical basis, parameters and criteria used for calculation of
required number of Earth Pits and Earthing Conductor sizes for Mogas / HSD Enhancement
Project at Machike Terminal.
Unless specifically stated otherwise, the grounding calculations are based on the applicable
parts of the latest revision of the following codes, specifications, standards, regulations and
other documents. In addition, the layouts will comply with any laws or regulations of local
authorities:
3 STUDY OBJECTIVE
The most important objective of this study is to ensure safety. The grounding system is
designed to ensure low resistance path to the ground.
4 DESIGN REQUIREMENTS
4.1 General
The Electrical earthing system shall be suitable to protect the electrical network and assure
personnel and equipment safety in case of earth faults in electrical system, build up of
electrostatic charges and atmospheric discharges.
For earthing of electrical systems, equipment and structures, the earthing system shall have
common earth grid connected to number of earth electrodes. The earth grid shall comprise
of bare stranded hard drawn copper conductor. The above ground connections shall be of
compression type and underground connection shall be thermo weld type.
CLIENT: ATTOCK PETROLEUM LIMITED
PROJECT: MOGAS / HSD ENHANCEMENT PROJECT AT MACHIKE TERMINAL
The earth grid shall be installed throughout the plant site in the form of earth ring with
branch interconnections to the equipment and structures. There shall be independent
earthing for Storage Tanks. Clean earth shall be used for Instrumentation system earthing.
The Generators are grounded through Neutral Grounding Resistor (NGR). The neutral
points of star-connected side of the generators are connected to the earth grid with
impedance intentionally inserted in between. This is implemented to limit the ground fault
currents for the equipment and personnel safety and continuous reliable operation.
As for storage tanks, the number of tanks is directly proportional to the tanks diameter. 4
earth pits are required if the circumference exceeds 80m which in this case is 100.53 for
HSD Tanks. Similarly, 4 pits are required if it exceeds 80 m which in the case of Mogas
tanks is 110m.
2 Earth pits have been proposed for the Pump house to maintain the resistivity of the
structure and the pumps.
- Fence 35 mm2
The electrical resistance between the earth grid and general mass of earth shall not exceed
5 ohm when anyone group of electrodes is disconnected.