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Sludge Treatment - Sludge Disposal
Sludge Treatment - Sludge Disposal
Sludge Treatment - Sludge Disposal
(Sludge Disposal)
Dr. Eng. Joni
Aldilla Fajri
Sludge Disposal
Options:
Land disposal - cheapest
Landfill
Incineration - most expensive
Influent Effluent
Wastewater Treatment
Raw sludge
Sludge Treatment ?
Large catalog of
available technology
Processed
Sludge Disposal
sludge • Land application
• Landfill
• Incineration
3
Influent Effluent
Wastewater Treatment
(Septage?)
Raw sludge,
grit, screenings
Sludge Treatment
4
Influent Effluent
Wastewater Treatment
(Septage?)
Sludge Treatment
• Gravity thickening
• Gravity belt filter
• Vacuum filter Sludge Disposal
• Filter press
• Land application
• Anaerobic digestion
• Landfill
• Aerobic digestion
• Incineration
• Heat treatment
• Alkaline stabilization
• Composting
• Irradiation
5
Thermal Treatment
6
Land Application of Sludge
1. Composting
• In-vessel or static aerated pile ≥ 55°C for 3 days
• Windrow ≥ 55°C for 15 days (min 5 turns)
2. Heat Drying - ≥ 50°C for 30 minutes
dryness ≥ 75% total solids
(no unstabilized biosolids)
3. Alkaline Stabilization
pH > 12 for 72 hours and temp > 50°C for 12 hr
dryness > 50% total solids
Disposal Methods - Nonbeneficial Use
4. Surface Disposal
• Monofill
• Dedicated surface application site
piles or mounds on POTW site
impoundments or lagoons
5. Incineration
• Emission limits: Total hydrocarbon < 100 ppm
(monthly average, corrected to 0% H2O and 7% O2)
• NESHAPs (National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants) for
Be and Hg; limits on Pb, As, Cd, Cr, and Ni
Septage
N a 2000(NO-3 + f v NH+4 + f n N o )
lb N % as
% as NO-3 % as NH+4
ton yr organic N
fv = volitilization factor
1.0 for injected sludge
0.5 for surface application
fn = mineralization factor
(refers to availability of organic nitrogen
applied in previous years)
N Available from Mineralization of
Organic N Applied in Previous Years
N ap 2000(f n1 N o1 + f n 2 N o2 + f n3 N o3 + ... + f n n N on )
Wisconsin NR 204.07(8)
Allowable Annual
Sludge Application Rate
Ton dry solids Crop uptake of N
R n
acre yr N a + N ap
Land requirement
Total sludge production
A (acres)
Design sludge loading rate