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Handouts of The Presentations - Seminar On Introduction To New Guidelines For Seismic Design of Road Bridges
Handouts of The Presentations - Seminar On Introduction To New Guidelines For Seismic Design of Road Bridges
Handouts of The Presentations - Seminar On Introduction To New Guidelines For Seismic Design of Road Bridges
Seminar on
Introduction to New Guidelines for Seismic
Design of Road Bridges (IRC:SP:114-2018)
23rd June 2018
PHD House, New Delhi
Mageba Bridge Products Resistoflex Dynamics Pvt Ltd Sanfield (India) Ltd
Pvt. Ltd
Supporting Organization
Chapters 2 to Chapter 5 :
15:20 to 15:55 Introduction, Conceptual Design, Seismic
4 Mr Aditya Sharma
(35 Minutes) Induced forces & Site Conditions, Seismic
Analysis Methods,
Chapter 6, 7 & 10 :
Dr Lakshmy 15:55 to 16:25
5 General Design Provisions, Seismic Design
Parameswaran (30 Minutes)
Methods& Seismic Isolation Devices
Chapter 8 & 9 :
16:25 to 16:45
6 Mr Alok Bhowmick Design of Bridge Components & Ductile
(20 Minutes)
Detailing of Structures
17:15 to 17:35
8 Q&A Question & Answer Session
(20 Minutes)
17:35 to 17:45
9 Mr Alok Bhowmick Vote of Thanks
(10 Minutes)
HANDOUTS OF THE PRESENTATIONS
Prof. S. K. Thakkar
Former Professor, Earthquake Engineering and
Railway Chair Professor, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee
6/26/2018
This Presentation
• Indian Seismic codes on Bridges
An Overview of Indian Seismic Codes on Bridges: • Comparative features
Challenges and Issues for Developments • Challenges and Issues for Development
Dr. S.K.Thakkar
Former Professor of Earthquake Engineering and Railway
Bridge Chair Professor, IIT Roorkee
1
6/26/2018
Controlling Factors
Lessons learnt
• Seismic Hazard: Ground shaking, landslides, • Do not repeat past mistakes
Tsunami, Liquefaction, Near Field effects
• Curtailment of steel along the height of tall
• Response Spectrum: ZPA, PGA, EPGA
piers
• Design Earthquakes: DBE, MCE
• Site Specific Spectrum: DSHA, PSHA
• Ductility detailing
• Historical Earthquake data • Seismic detailing of bearings
• Time histories • Behavior depending on structural type,
• Design Philosophy foundation type, soil type, bearing type
2
6/26/2018
Conclusions
• Update of analysis methods: Non-linear time
history method: Benefit-Uncertainties of R-
factors can be overcome
• Update of design methods: Performance Thanks for your kind attention
based design: Benefit- Better behavior, less
damage, Minimize post earthquake repairs,
FBD with displacement check
• Ultimate Goal: No damage in Earthquakes–
Adopt most recent and proven technology
3
Mr. A. K. Banerjee
Former Member (Technical), NHAI and
Convenor, B-2 Committee of IRC
6/26/2018
Principles of Capacity Design approach adopted for design to ensure that damage
Terminology of DBE and MCE explained and applicability of guideline for is controllable i.e. plastic hinges occur only where designer intends;
seismic design of bridges with design service life of 100 years considering Response Reduction Factor for superstructure deleted and only a note for R factor
Design Basis Earthquake (DBE); for steel superstructure mentioned;
Hydrodynamic force for bridge pier and foundation added with worked out
Bridges with design service life more than 100 years is outside scope;
example;
Adopted seismic map and spectral acceleration graphs as specified in IS: 1893 Procedure for Time History Method introduced;
Part I – 2016; Provision of minimum design horizontal seismic force introduced;
Adopts method given in IS: 1893 Part I -2016 for evaluation of liquefaction Requirement of type of seismic analysis for various types of bridges elaborated
potential; depending on terrain and seismicity;
Ductile detailing of concrete and steel and steel composite members adequately
For estimation of seismic forces, Elastic Seismic Acceleration Method, Elastic
covered;
Response Spectrum Method and Time History Method have been specified;
Emphasis given to prevent dislodgement of superstructure and suitable provisions
Describes various types of special investigations to be done for bridges to be made accordingly in the Guidelines;
constructed in near field zones, skew and curved bridges etc. and Table added
to indicate the special studies / analysis required for specific cases.
1
6/26/2018
Procedure for force based design, capacity design, over strength factor, Guidelines comprise ten chapters and five informative appendices:
potential location of plastic hinges, ductility and capacity demand etc. Chapter1: Preface
explained and elaborated; Chapter 2: Introduction
Emphasis given to prevent dislodgement of superstructure and suitable Chapter 3: Conceptual Design
provisions made accordingly in the Guidelines; Chapter 4: Seismic Induced Forces and Site Condition
Chapter 5: Seismic Analysis Method
Potentially liquefiable soil and procedure for calculating liquefaction
Chapter 6: General Design Provision
potential introduced;
Chapter 7: Seismic Design Methods
Use of different types of bearings and specific mention of use of Chapter 8: Design of Bridge Components
elastomeric bearings introduced; Chapter 9: Ductile Detailing of Structures
Chapter 10: Seismic Isolation Devices
Chapter 1 – Preface – defines history of provisions for seismic Site selection for bridges in terms of seismic vulnerability;
design of bridges in IRC codes
Structural system and configuration with Table indicating
Chapter 2 – Introduction covers the following:
seismically preferred and not preferred structural configurations;
• Scope
• Seismic effects on bridges Guidelines for design of bearings and expansion joints;
• General principles of earthquake resistant design of bridges Structural ductility and energy dissipation;
• Design philosophy for use of DBE or MCE in design Types of seismic devices
• Special investigations and detailed studies for different types og
bridges
• Definitions and symbols
Horizontal (both transverse and longitudinal) and vertical ground Elastic Seismic Acceleration method (Seismic Coefficient method;
motions, their components and combination of component motions;
Provision for vertical seismic component; Elastic Response Spectrum method;
Seismic zone map (as in IS 1893: Part I – 2016), zone factors and Two different Spectra proposed as in IS: 1893 Part I – 2016;
importance factors;
Geotechnical aspects to determine spectra and three types of soil
Damping coefficient of 5% specified for both steel and concrete
structures; classification for supporting the structure;
General principle of soil structure interaction and seismic effect on live Linear Time History method elaborated;
load;
Guidance provided to select appropriate analytical method;
Computation of dynamic component of earth pressure and
hydrodynamic forces on bridge piers and foundations. Minimum design Horizontal Seismic Acceleration Coefficient
specified to determine minimum horizontal seismic force in design
2
6/26/2018
Weak column and strong beam concept followed; Detail coverage of force based approach, capacity design principles
Plastic hinges allowed to form in bridge piers at predetermined and capacity design steps to be followed and structural components
locations as decided by designer; to be protected;
Procedure and advantages of capacity design principle following
Strength based design approach amalgamating force based approach
and capacity design principle has been prescribed. Euro Code Annexure – G explained;
How plastic hinge regions are to be designed and special confining
reinforcement for plastic hinge region and design of portion of pier
in between plastic hinge and the connections;
Minimum shear force to be considered for either flexural or shear
mode of failure.
Provision for seismic design of superstructure, piers, abutments and Additional provisions for ductile detailing in concrete piers included
foundations; in the Guidelines over and above the provisions in IRC: 112 like
Identification of potentially liquefiable soils emphasized; percentage of reinforcement, minimum concrete grade etc.;
Ductile detailing of steel structures covers the following:
Provision of seismic design of bearings, seismic connections
including STUs and expansion joints elaborated; Ductile behaviour of framed structure likely to be in plastic range;
Provision of reaction blocks, restrainers, rigid links or tie bars etc. Ensure adequate strength, stability and ductility to resist severe
essentially to prevent dislodgement of superstructure. earthquakes in all seismic zones;
Ensure minimum level of curvature / rotation, ductility at plastic hinges
and ductility of tension braces designed as per IRC: 22 and IRC: 24
Design of bridges incorporating seismic isolation devices like; Appendix A-1 – Illustration of elastic seismic acceleration method;
• Hydraulic Viscous Damper; Appendix A-2 – Illustration of elastic response spectrum method;
• Elastomeric Bearing Damper (Low Damping Elastomer); Appendix A-3 – Illustration of capacity design procedure;
• High damping Elastomeric Bearing Damper; Appendix A -4 – Illustration of hydrodynamic pressure on piers;
• Lead – Rubber Bearing Damper; Appendix A-5 – Illustration of liquefaction of soil.
• Friction Dumper
3
Mr Aditya Sharma
Director –Highway & Structures, Ramboll India and
Member Secretary, B-2 Committee of IRC
CONTENTS OF GUIDELINES –MAIN CHAPTERS
Indian Association of Structural Engineers
(IAStructE) • Chapter – 1 Preface
• Chapter – 2 Introduction
CHAPTER 1 -PREFACE
CONTENTS OF GUIDELINES -APPENDICES
Need for comprehensive seismic guidelines for design of seismic
resistant Bridges :-
• Appendix A-1 – Illustration of elastic seismic acceleration method
• Till the year 2011, the bridges were being designed based on working stress
• Appendix A-2 – Illustration of elastic response spectrum method approach. Meanwhile there had been rapid developments in state-of-the-art in
the area of seismic resistant design of bridges, like capacity design approach,
• Appendix A-3 – Illustration of capacity design procedure which have been incorporated in many international standards of countries like
Japan, USA, New Zealand and Eurocode. Similarly, the bridge design codes in
• Appendix A-4 – Illustration of hydrodynamic Pressure on Bridge Piers India also witnessed a major change with the introduction of Limit State
Design approach for design in IRC: 6, IRC: 112, IRC: 24 and IRC: 22
• Appendix A-5 – Illustration of Liquefaction of soil
• During the year 2010, the need was felt to prepare a comprehensive
“Guidelines for Seismic Design of Road bridges”, to cater to the requirements
of Limit State Design approach, following the NDMA guidelines to follow IS
1893, as mandated to B-2 Committee.
• Broad seismic effect on bridges, • estimation of seismic forces can be adopted for seismic evaluation of
existing bridges and retrofitting of existing
• Design philosophy for use of DBE or MCE in design of bridges
• Seismic design of the bridges with seismic isolation devices. Ductile
• Special investigation & detailed studies detailing is included in guidelines
• Definitions & Symbols • Bridges having complex geometry and situated at locations requiring
special investigations & detailed studies
1
CHAPTER 2—CONTD – GENERAL PRINCIPLE & CHAPTER 2—CONTD – SPECIAL INVESTIGATIONS
SEISMIC EFFECTS. AND DETAILED STUDIES
• The bridge should be designed for DBE according to the design
philosophy specified in the guidelines, using limit state design Bridges with individual span length more than 150m
procedure employing Force Based Method of seismic design and
Bridges with pier height more than 30m in zone IV and V
response reduction factors.
Cable supported bridges, such as extradosed, cable stayed and
• Use of Site Specific Spectra and Code Response Spectrum
suspension bridges
• Scour Consideration during seismic Design
Arch bridges having more than 50m span
• The earthquake accelerations should be applied to full mass in case of
Bridges using innovative structural arrangements and materials.
submerged structures and not on buoyant mass
Where bridge is located in the near field that is the bridge site is within
• The seismic force on live load in bridges should not be considered in
longitudinal direction. The seismic force on live load should be
10km of known active tectonic fault
considered on reduced live load in transverse direction Geological discontinuity exists at the site
• Seismic Effects,-The seismic effects on bridges can be classified as Site with loose sand or poorly graded sands with little or no fines,
• Seismic displacements, Pier failure
liquefiable soil
•Expansion Joint failure Special types of bridges: Bascule Bridge, Horizontally Curved Girder
Bridge having ≤ 100 m radius, Bridge with high skew- ≥ 30degree,
•bearing failure
seismically isolated bridges, Bridges with Passive Dissipating Devices
•Abutment slumping and (PED), Bridges with Shock Transmission Unit (STU), Bridges with
Innovative Designs
•foundation failure, Partial and complete collapse of bridges due to soil liquefaction
CHAPTER 2—CONTD –DETAILED SEISMIC STUDIES CHAPTER 2—CONTD –DETAILED SEISMIC STUDIES
S Cases in which additional special Special studies/analysis
r Cases in which additional special
studies/analysis is required Sr
Special studies/analysis
studies/analysis is required
1 Bridges with individual span length Use of Site specific response spectrum of the
more than 150 m and/or pier height bridge including geometrical nonlinearity, P- In zone IV and V, if the soil
is more than 30 m in zone IV and V. delta effect and soil-structure interaction is condition is poor, consisting of
needed. Dynamic analysis may be done to marine clay or loose sand with
Site specific spectrum shall be
Cable supported bridges, such as ascertain the energy dissipation 4
little or no fines (e.g., where the
extradosed, cable stayed and characteristics of ductile members. obtained.
soil up to 30m depth has average
suspension bridges SPT N value equal to or less than
20)
Arch bridges having more than 50m
span Site with loose sand or poorly
2 Continuous bridge of length between 5
graded sands with little or no Liquefaction analysis is required
expansion joint larger than 600 m in
Spatial variation of ground motion shall be
fines, liquefiable soil in all seismic (Details given Appendix A5).
all seismic zones. Geological zones.
considered.
discontinuities or marked
Carry out three dimensional Modelling
topographical features are present
3 Bridge site close to a fault (< 10 km) The information about the active faults including substructure and
which may be active in all seismic should be sought by bridge authorities for foundations of bridge considering
zones. projects situated within 100 km of known skew angle. Torsional motions of the
Horizontally Curved Bridge having
epicenters as a part of preliminary bridge about a vertical axis under
investigations at the project preparation ≤ 100 m radius, Bridge with high
6
seismic action shall be considered.
stage skew- ≥ 30degree in all seismic
Possibility of unseating of bridge deck
Help from geological / seismological expert zones
about acute corner to be checked and
with enough experience will be required to
calculate fault movement. ruled out. In single span bridges
4 Bearings shall be designed to resist
5
6 torsional effects
.
• Seismic Devices.
In case these are not possible to be adhered to,
mitigating measures are to be taken. The bridges in Zones
IV and V should be founded preferably on rock, firm
alluvium or stable soil layers
2
CHAPTER 3- CONTD –PREFERRED STRUCTURAL CHAPTER 3- CONTD –PREFERRED STRUCTURAL
CONFIGURATION CONFIGURATION
Seismically preferred Seismically not preferred
Substructure
Superstructure
1. Suspended Spans
resting on Cantilever 1. Multiple column bent for substructure 1. Plate Type Piers (Very large
Integral Bridges. (Helps to avoid unseating of the arms (Connection is are preferable because their redundancy difference in stiffness in two
superstructure from support and also improves subjected to large and ability to produce ductile behaviour orthogonal directions)
seismic response due to high redundancy ) unpredicted
displacement and 2. Adjacent Piers of near equal heights and
rotations) near equal stiffness (i,e. Variation in
Right Bridges or Bridges with mild curvature, small stiffness ≤ 25%). (Stiffness irregularities 2. PCC and Masonry Piers in Seismic
skews (i.e. radius of Curvature ≥ 100 m & Skew ≤ cause concentration of seismic shear zone IV and V
o
30 ). (Right Bridges provides a direct load path with forces in the shorter columns, which may
predictable response under seismic loads. Bridges cause brittle shear failure)
2. Superstructure with
with sharp curvature and large skew angles 3.Piers with such shapes, where
high seismic mass. 3. Piers of such shapes where plastic hinge
experience larger and unpredictable deformations, plastic hinge is likely to form at
will form at the top of foundation (Helps to
which in turn, results in larger ductility demands and intermediate height. (Causes large
restrict the damage to inspectable portion
also imparts torsional effects); shear force in substructure for
above ground only, during a seismic event)
formation of plastic hinge)
4. Piles extended up to pier cap
Continuous Bridges (Helps to avoid unseating of the
without pile cap & without
superstructure from support in longitudinal direction)
reduction in pile size above ground
Lighter Superstructure with low seismic mass 5. Piers with flares near top and
(Reduces the seismic demand for substructure and bottom in case of portal structure
foundation design)
5. Use Seismic devices (like STU‘s, Viscous While the Rigid bearings specified in a) and b) above can be
Dampers, LRB‘s to improve seismic performance
of Bridges (As it reduces seismic demand)
used under any circumstances, following the provisions of
Foundations
relevant IRC codes, :
1. Foundation type preferred which adds to
flexibility to the system and increases time
period.
II. On all or individual supports, with the same function as in (i) above, combined with • Various methods to enhance time periods of piers may be explored
seismic links / seismic stoppers which are designed to resist seismic actions. such as using framed substructure, cantilever piers with near equal
stiffness in two principal directions and use of seismic isolation
III. On all supports to resist both seismic as well as non-seismic actions. In this case
bearings.
the seismic response of substructure and Superstructure shalll remain essentially
elastic and therefore response reduction factor for design shall be considered as 1.
In case of Elastomeric Bearing use with arrangements as in (i) and (ii) above, the normal
• For computing time period, due consideration shall be given to the
low damping elastomeric bearings (i.e. damping ratio less than 0.06 can be used). flexibility available to the bridge from pile/well foundation due to
soil structure interaction for maximum & no scour condition. The
In case of elastomeric bearings used with arrangements as in (iii), these bearings shall consideration of flexibility leads to longer period of vibration of
be designed as ‘isolation bearings. Low damping bearing can also be used as isolation
bearing for which reference can be made to IRC: - 83. For use of high damping bearing
substructure resulting in reduced seismic demand.
reference to Chapter 8 shall be made.
3
CHAPTER 3- CONTD –STRUCTURAL DUCTILITY CHAPTER 3- CONTD – USE OF SEISMIC DEVICES
AND ENERGY DISSIPATION
Special devices such as Shock Transmission Units (STU’s), seismic
• Seismic design of bridge is generally achieved by providing isolation bearings and viscous dampers offer feasible solutions for
adequate strength and ductility of substructure. The energy seismic resistant design of bridges.
dissipation takes place due to inelastic behaviour of pier. The
location of plastic hinge should be predetermined and the Multi span bridges, with continuous superstructure, are generally
required flexural strength of the plastic hinge shall be obtained provided with fixed bearing over one pier or abutment. In order to
using capacity-based design approach. distribute the seismic force generated by superstructure to other
piers/abutments STU’s may be used between superstructure and
• RCC/PSC substructure shall be designed as under reinforced other piers/ abutments where free bearings are used.
and adequately detailed to avoid premature failure due to shear
and bond. Plastic hinge regions shall be provided with close Seismic isolation devices/ bearings are provided in multi span
spaced transverse stirrups to confine the compressed concrete continuous bridges which are rigid or stiff with time period less than
within the core region and to prevent buckling of longitudinal 1.0 seconds, founded on firm soil strata, to reduce the seismic
reinforcement. demand by enhancing the time period and increasing the damping.
• In steel substructure, the compression zones require detailing to Viscous dampers are used to connect the structural members both
avoid premature buckling and joints require proper detailing to in longitudinal and transverse direction. They help in dissipating the
ensure overall ductile behaviour of the structure. seismic energy and thereby reduce the displacement.
• In zones IV and V the effects of vertical components When vertical seismic forces are also considered, the design seismic force resultants
shall be considered for all elements of the bridge. at any cross section of a bridge component shall be combined as below:
However, the effect of vertical component may be
a) ±r1±0.3r2±0.3r3
omitted for all elements in zone II and III, except for
b) ±0.3r1±r2±0.3r3
prestressed concrete superstructure, bearings and c) ±0.3r1± 0.3r2±r3
linkages, horizontal cantilever structural elements,
for stability checks and bridges located in the near Where,
field regions r1 and r2 are as defined above and r3 is the force resultant due to full design
seismic force along the vertical direction.
Note: The earthquake motion have been combined for all cases irrespective of whether
structure is orthogonal/skew/curved/irregular.
4
CHAPTER 4 –VERTICAL COMPONENT OF SEISMIC CHAPTER 4 –RESPONSE REDUCTION FACTOR
ACTION Table 4.1 Response Reduction Factors (R)
Analysis for vertical seismic action requires time period of superstructure in vertical 'R' WITHOUT
direction. Time period for the superstructure has to be worked out separately using the DUCTILE
'R' WITH DUCTILE
BRIDGE COMPONENT DETAILING
property of the superstructure, in order to estimate the seismic acceleration coefficient DETAILING
(for Bridges in Zone
II only)
(Sa/g) for vertical acceleration. It can be obtained by free vibration analysis of
Substructure
superstructure using standard structural analysis software. However, for simply supported
(i) Masonry / PCC Piers, Abutments 1.0 1.0
superstructure with nearly uniform flexural rigidity, the fundamental time period Tv, for (ii) RCC Wall piers and abutments transverse
1.0 1.0
vertical motion can be estimated using the expression: direction (where plastic hinge cannot develop)
(iii) RCC Wall piers and abutments in
longitudinal direction (where hinges can 3.0 2.5
develop)
Eq. 4.1 (iv) RCC Single Column 3.0 2.5
l is the span metres, m is the mass per unit length (N-m), and EI is the (vii) Steel Cantilever Pier 1.5 1.0
flexural rigidity of the superstructure in N-m2. Bearings and Connections (see note(V) also) 1.0 1.0
Stoppers (Reaction Blocks)
EI may be estimated for simply supported span as (l /48 ▲), where ▲is
3 Those restraining dislodgement or drifting 1.0 1.0
away of bridge elements.
deflection of span due unit point load applied on it.
5
CHAPTER 4 –HYDRODYNAMIC FORCES ON BRIDGE CHAPTER 4 –HYDRODYNAMIC FORCES ON BRIDGE
PIERS AND FOUNDATIONS PIERS AND FOUNDATIONS
• The hydrodynamic action on bridge piers can be • When the earthquake occurs, hydrodynamic forces shall be
computed by any of the following procedures: considered acting on all submerged parts of structures
such as piers, well caps, wells, pile caps, piles and the
• Total hydrodynamic force and pressure distribution connected beams between the two wells if existing, over
along the height of submerged piers following the the submerged height up to scour level in addition to the
method of cylinder analogy shall be adopted. This seismic force calculated on the mass of the respective part
method is suitable when Seismic Coefficient Method of the structure. This force shall be considered to act in
of analysis is employed. the horizontal direction corresponding to the direction of
earthquake motion. The total horizontal force shall be
• Computing ‗Added Mass‘ of water contained in
evaluated by 2
enveloping cylinder and adding this mass with the
inertial mass of pier. This method is suitable when
dynamic analysis such as Response Spectrum Method
or Time History method is employed. Method of • Ce = A coefficient given in Table 4.4 as a function of ratio of height of submerged
computing added mass of water is explained in portion of pier (H) to Radius of enveloping cylinder Re
Appendix A-4
• αh = Design horizontal seismic coefficient
• Two different Spectra are proposed as per latest IS: 1893- • Elastic Seismic Acceleration Method (Seismic Coefficient
Part-I-2016; Method)
• Geotechnical Aspects in determining spectra and the type • Elastic Response Spectrum Method
of soil on which the structure is placed shall be identified
by three types of Soil classification; • Time history Method
Z = Zone factor Sa/g= Design acceleration coefficient for different soil types, normalized
with peak ground acceleration, corresponding to natural period T of structure (considering
soil-structure interaction, if required). It shall be as taken corresponding to 5 percent
damping,
6
CHAPTER 5 –SEISMIC ANALYSIS METHODS CHAPTER 5 –SEISMIC ANALYSIS METHODS
Elastic Seismic Acceleration Method: Elastic Seismic Acceleration Method:
This method is not applicable for arch bridge of span more than
30m, cable supported bridges, suspension bridges and other
innovative bridge. This method is illustrated in Appendix A-1
i) a) Well graded gravel (GW) or well graded sand (SW) both with
• Formulation of an appropriate mathematical model consisting of lumped
I less than 5 percent passing 75 µm sieve (Fines)
mass system using 2D/3D beam elements. The mathematical model should Rock or b) Well graded gravel-sand mixtures with or without fines (GW-
suitably represent dynamic characteristic of superstructure, bearings, sub- Hard soils SW)
structure, and foundation and soil/ rock spring. In rock and very stiff soil c)Stiff to hard clays having N above 30, where N is standard
fixed base may be assumed. penetration test value
d) Poorly graded sand (SP) or clayey sand (SC), all having N
above 30
• Determination of natural frequency and mode shapes following a standard ii) a) Poorly graded sands or poorly graded sands with gravel (SP)
transfer matrix, stiffness matrix, finite element method or any other II with little or no fines having N between 10 and 30
Medium or b) Stiff to medium stiff fine-grained soils, like silts of low
approach. Stiff soils compressibility (ML) or clays of low compressibility (CL) having N
between 10 and 30
• Determine total response by combining responses in various modes by iii) a) All soft soils other than SP with N<10. The various possible
mode combination procedure such as Square root of the sum of the III soils are:
Soft soils b) a) Silts of intermediate compressibility (MI);
squares (SRSS), complete quadratic combination (CQC) etc. b) Silts of high compressibility (MH);
c) Clays of intermediate compressibility (CI);
• Calculate the base shear values computed at (3). d) Clays of high compressibility (CH);
e) Silts and clays of intermediate to high compressibility (MI-
MH or CI-CH);
f) Silt with clay of intermediate compressibility (Ml-CI); and
g) Silt with clay of high compressibility (MH-CH).
7
CHAPTER 5 –SEISMIC ANALYSIS METHODS CHAPTER 5 –SEISMIC ANALYSIS METHODS
Time History Method Minimum Design Horizontal Seismic Force
• In bridges where pier height are high Bridges and its components shall be designed and constructed to resist
• bridge has abrupt or unusual changes in mass, stiffness or the effects of design Horizontal Seismic force specified above.
geometry along its span and has large differences in these
parameters between adjacent supports, But regardless of horizontal seismic acceleration coefficient Ah arrived
• special seismic devices such as dampers, isolator shock at by applying appropriate seismic analysis methods., bridges shall
transmission unit etc are provided and have lateral load resisting system capable of resisting horizontal
• Where the large spatial variation need to considered seismic acceleration coefficient not less than Ah- Min given below
Simply Supported Up to 30m ESAM ERSM Bridge With Skew Angle >30 ◦ All heights ERSM ERSM*
60 to 150m
individual span Above 30 m ERSM ERSM
#site Specific
Up to 30m ESAM ERSM Cable Stay,
Main Span Spectrum for
Individual Span > 150m Suspension & All heights ERSM* ERSM#
Above 30 m ERSM ERSM <600m zone IV & V
Extradosed span
preferable
<150m
between All heights ERSM ERSM Evaluation of
exp. joints. liquefaction
Bridges founded on site with sand or
Continuous/Integral potential shall
Spatial Variation poorly graded sand with little or no fines All heights ERSM ERSM
Bridges >150m be carried out
of ground or in liquefiable soil in all seismic zones
between All heights ERSM ERSM* as given in
motion to be
exp. joints Appendix A2
considered
Bridges Located on From following analysis methods higher order analysis should be performed wherever bridge is falling under more than
Geological All Spans All heights ERSM* ERSM* Refer Note 3 one category
discontinuity ESAM - Elastic Seismic Acceleration Method
Major Bridges in
"Near field or Bridges
ERSM – Elastic Response Spectrum Method
on soils consisting of ERSM*- Elastic Response Spectrum Method & Time History Method
#site Specific
marine clay or loose
All Spans All heights ERSM* ERSM# Spectrum ERSM#- Elastic Response Spectrum and Time History Method with Site specific studies
sand ( eg where soil
preferable • Bridges having 0 to 15m span and overall length is less than 60m falls in seismic zone II and III no seismic check
up to 30m depth has
an avg SPT need to consider.
value≤10) • Geological discontinuity is a plane or surface that marks a change in physical or chemical characteristics in a soil
Filled up or rock mass. A discontinuity can be in the form of a bedding plane, joint, cleavage, fracture, fissure, crack, or fault
- ESAM ESAM
Arch plane
Arch Bridges
All other • The adjacent pier do not differ in stiffness by more than 25 %. Percentage of difference shall be calculated based on
- ERSM ERSM
Arch lesser of the two stiffness
THANK YOU
8
Dr. Lakshmy Parameswaran
Chief Scientist Bridges & Structures Division, CSIR-CRRI and
Member, B-2 Committee of IRC
6/26/2018
• Strength, Ductility and Energy Dissipation • Force Demands for essentially essential components
• Energy dissipation in the structure due to inelastic adjacent to ductile components should be determined by
action the in plastic hinge capacity –design principle, i.e., joint-force equilibrium, by
multiplying plastic hinge capacity at hinge location by
• Reduce Seismic Demand on structure by provision overstrength factor.
of Seismic isolation devices or seismic protection
devices (Chapter 10) • Don’t use overstrength factor for those components where
plastic hinge is not likely to Form.
• Capacity protected regions of substructure/ Pile
• In the hierarchy of failure modes, priority is given to ductile
foundation can be designed elastically without
failure mode
ductile detailing.
1
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• The Overstrength factor is a multiplying factor to • The global displacement capacity should not be
plastic moment capacity at hinge location. less than estimated displacement demands under a
• This represents various sources of overstrength, e.g., design earthquake and local displacement capacity
-unintentional increase in material properties, of individual Members.
-post-yield strain hardening, • The ductility capacity should be more than ductility
-rounding off dimension of members and demand
-providing excess reinforcement than
required.
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3
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Potential Locations of Plastic Hinges in Potential Location of Plastic Hinge in Frame Type
Cantilever Pier Pier
4
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Overstrength factor
5
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32
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45
8
Mr Alok Bhowmick
Managing Director, B&S Engineering Consultants Pvt Ltd and
Member, B-2 Committee of IRC
26‐06‐2018
IRC:SP:114-2018
IRC:SP:114-2018 GUIDELINES FOR SEISMIC DESIGN OF ROAD BRIDGES
GUIDELINES FOR SEISMIC CONTENT OF CHAPTER 8 CONTENT OF CHAPTER 9
DESIGN OF ROAD BRIDGES (DESIGN OF BRIDGE COMPONENTS) (DUCTILE DETAILING OF STRUCTURES)
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Pier
1.5000
Normalised Axial Force, k
is new and a marked change from current practice.
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1. FREE POT/PTFE /
SPHERICAL BEARINGS TO
TAKE VERTICAL LOADS
2. SEPARATE SEISMIC
REACTION BLOCKS TO
TAKE LATERAL LOADS
3. REACTION BLOCKS TO BE
DESIGNED FOR CAPACITY
DESIGN FORCES
Structural bearings are fixed, guided or moveable in all directions
(WITH HLMR BEARINGS) :
FREE BEARING FREE BEARING
FIXED BEARING FIXED BEARING
GUIDED BEARING
GUIDED BEARING
PIN BEARING
PIN BEARING
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= 40 cm
TD
REACTION
BLOCKS
TB TC
4
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Semi-compact
Cross section in which extreme fibre in compression can 2. Unanticipated over strength in the ductile element can lead to
reach yield stress, but can not develop the plastic moment of
resistance non-ductile behaviour. Therefore steel with low value of yield ratio
Slender (Fy/Fu) are preferable for ductile elements.
Cross section in which elements buckle locally even before
reaching yield stress.
3. High strength steels are generally less ductile (lower elongations)
y u Rotation
and generally have a higher yield ratio. High strength steels are
generally undesirable for ductile elements
Section Classification based on Moment-Rotation Characteristics
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Cross Girder at Mid‐Depth Crossed Girder also supporting the slab
Open Section Bracing : Cross girder connected to Bracing : Diagonals, four box stiffeners
Bracing : Top & Bottom Chords, diagonals, vertical web stiffeners
vertical stiffeners to main beam
Closed Section
Bracing : Diagonals, four box stiffeners
Typical
Open Section Typical Braced Moment Frames in
Bracing : Top & Bottom Chords, diagonals,
vertical stiffeners to main beam & Frames in Bridges Bridges
provision for bearing replacement Cross Bracing with deep beam
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FOR BUILDINGS FOR BRIDGES
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sense, at each end of the beam. The shear strength need not exceed the 2. The individual thickness of the column webs
plate
value corresponding to additional load combinations. and doubler plates, shall exceed (dp+bp)/90.
4. All beam-to-column connections shall be rigid and designed to withstand dp
3. Continuity plates (stiffener plates) shall be
at least 1.2 times Mp of the connected beam. When a reduced beam
section is used, its minimum flexural strength shall be at least equal to
provided in all strong axis welded bp
0.8 times the full plastic moment of the unreduced section. connections except in end plate connection 58
10
Mr. Rajiv Ahuja
Independent Consultant-Bridges & Highway and
Member of B-2 Committee of IRC
6/26/2018
Guideline for Seismic Design of Bridges Guideline for Seismic Design of Bridges
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6/26/2018
Guideline for Seismic Design of Bridges Guideline for Seismic Design of Bridges
Guideline for Seismic Design of Bridges Guideline for Seismic Design of Bridges
Where,
M1 = Contributory mass of Super Structure on Pier Pn = 8000 kN
Guideline for Seismic Design of Bridges Guideline for Seismic Design of Bridges
Piles (U) 6 piles of 1.2 m A = 0.85 m2, I xx = I yy Cracked, Actual ‘n’ piles to be
dia. = 0.076 m4 modelled as per user (project)
• To find Time Period in Transverse Direction, force to be applied (F in kN) at Node ‘6’
for 1 mm deflection at Node ‘4’.
• The stiffness of soil springs is to be calculated in accordance with provisions of
IS:2911 (Part 1/ Sec 2) or any specialist literature.
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6/26/2018
Guideline for Seismic Design of Bridges Guideline for Seismic Design of Bridges
Illustration: Design Horizontal Seismic Acceleration Coefficient (Ah ) as per Clause 5.2 :
Force required for 1 mm deflection at Node ‘6’ (F) = 7.4 kN
Design acceleration coefficient for rocky or hard soil type, normalized = 1.00/T
Dead Load Reaction of Superstructure including SIDL & SSDL & Appropriate Live Load =11500 kN
With peak ground acceleration, corresponding to natural period T of = 1.00/2.602
Time Period (T) using Simplified formula (Annex D of IRC:6-2017) = 2.49 sec.
Structure & 5 percent damping (S a /g) = 0.38
Time Period (T) computed by authenticated commercial software = 2.60 sec.
Seismic Zone = Zone IV
Scour Level below Ground Level = 5.00 m Zone Factor (Z) = 0.24
Founding Level = 40.0 m below GL
Importance factor (I) = 1.2
Depth of Superstructure = 1.8 m
CG of Superstructure above top of bearing level = 1.2 m
Response reduction factor (R) = 3.0
Thickness of Surfacing (SSDL) = 100 mm
CG of SSDL above top of bearing level = 1.85 m
A h = (Z/2) x (I/R) x (S a /g) = 0.01843
CG of SIDL above top of bearing level = 2.4 m
CG of Live Load above top of bearing level = 3.1 m
Minimum Ah as per Table 5.2 f Guidelines =0.025
Guideline for Seismic Design of Bridges Guideline for Seismic Design of Bridges
Calculation of Base Shear: Case 3 Two Span Continuous Superstructure with Integral Pier
Sr. No. Component Seismic Seismic Remark
Acceleration Force
Coefficient (kN)
(Ah )
1 Live Load (20%)=300 KN 0.025 7.5
4 Pi (above
Pier ( b GL) 2340 KN
GL)=2340 0 025
0.025 58 5
58.5
Guideline for Seismic Design of Bridges Guideline for Seismic Design of Bridges
Where,
M1 = Contributory mass of Super Structure on Pier Pn = 12150 kN
M2 = Contributory
y mass of SIDL on Pier Pn = 3000 kN
M3 = Contributory mass of SSDL on Pier Pn = 2400 kN
MP = Contributory Mass of Pier Pn = 6000 kN
SSDL = Surfacing
118
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6/26/2018
APPENDIX A-2
ILLUSTRATION OF ELASTIC RESPONSE SPECTRUM METHOD The pier is considered as hollow and is divided into 3 sections of 15m height each.
Self weight of Superstructure + SIDL = 9810.0 kN Properties of the pier section are as below:
Self weight of Pier cap = 1177.2 kN
Live Load on superstructure = 1471.5 kN 1.0 Area of Pier section @ top = 8 m2 m3
Seismic Zone = V I longitudinal @ top = 4.17 m4
Zone Factor Z = 0.36 = 39.17 m4
I transverse @ top
Importance Factor I = 1.5 15m
Response Reduction Factor R = 2.5 10.347 m2
2.0 Area of Pier section @ m2 =
I longitudinal @ m2 = 13.15 m4
Elastic Modulus of Concrete E = 3.2+07 kN/sqm
= 53.727 m4
I transverse @ m2
Pier Cross Section m2
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Average properties for member 1, 2 & 3 are provided as given in4the table below:
Member I (m4) I (m4) I (m ) Area (m2)
longitudinal transverse z
1 26.62 75.56 76.99 13.87
2 17.64 61.01 51.62 11.52
Step 8
Step-8 Determination of Modal Mass for each Mode,
Mode Mk
3 8.66 46.45 26.70 9.17
Modal Contribution of each mode
Load calculation: Mode-1=M1/M, Mode-2=M2/M and Mode-3=M3/M where M is total mass of all masses
Transvaerse seismic load
Total Seismic load at m3 [DL + SIDL +20% LL+ wt. of pier(7.5m height)] = 12969 kN
Total Seismic load at m2 [Wt. of pier(15m height)] = 3806 kN
Total Seismic load at m1 [Wt. of pier(15m height)] = 4670 kN
Longitudinal seismic load
Total Seismic load at m3 [DL + SIDL + wt. of pier(7.5m height)] = 12675 kN
Total Seismic load at m2 [Wt. of pier(15m height)] = 3806 kN
Total Sesimic load at m1 [Wt. of pier(15m height)] = 4670 kN
Step-9 Determination of Lateral Forces at each Strorey level for each Mode, Qik MODAL BASE ACTIONS:
Step-10 Determination of Storey Shear in each Mode,Vik BASE SHEAR IN KN BY SRSS: 1496.85 kNm
BASE MOMENT BY SRSS: 50970 kNm
Mode Frequen cy Time Modal Contribution % MODE PERIOD Shear (in KN) MOMENTS (kN-M)
(Hz) Period FX FY FZ MX MY MZ
(sec) 1 0.877 2145.78 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -89888.58
2 0.095 868.38 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -10466.48
1 0.651 1.536 78.896 3 0.034 148.80 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -1105.86
2 5.442 0.184 15.563 BASE SHEAR
3 15.506 0.064 5.541 AND MOMENT 2319.61 0 0 0 0 90502.64
Eigenvectors-Normalised
LONGITUDINAL DIRECTION displacements
Mode‐1 Mode ‐ 2 Mode ‐ 3
Mode Shapes‐Longitudinal Direction
φ31 1.00 φ32 ‐0.17 φ33 ‐0.05
φ21 0.47 φ22 1.00 φ23 0.67
1.00 ‐0.17
‐0.05
φ11 0.13 φ12 0.57 φ13 ‐1.00
Calculation of Modal Mass
Modal mass is calculated as per the definition of IS-1893-
0.47 1.00 Part-1 2016 Refer: CL: 7.7.5.4 a
0.67
M1 = 16687 kN W3 = 12675 kN
M2 = 3287 kN W2 = 3806 kN
M3 = 1172 kN W1 = 4670 kN
Total (M)= 21150 kN
0.57 Modal Contribution of various Modes
0.13 ‐1.00
Mode Participation Factors
Mode participation factors are calculated as per the definition of IS-1893-Part-1 2016
P1 = 1.11
P2 = 0.76
P3 = ‐0.43
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6/26/2018
M1 = 17218 kN W3 = 12969 kN
M2 = 3322 kN W2 = 3806 kN
M3 = 916 kN W1 = 4670 kN
0.50 1.00 0.78
Total (M)= 21445 kN
Modal Mass Participation Factors
0.14 0.67 ‐1.00
Mode 1= 100.M1/M = 80.29 %
Mode 2= 100.M2/M =
2= 100 M2/M = 15.49
15 49 %
Mode 3= 100.M3/M = 4.27 %
Mode Participation Factors
Base Moments
Storey Mode‐1 Mode‐2 Mode‐3 SRSS
Mode Mode‐1 Mode‐2 Mode‐3 SRSS
Shear
V3 1769 kN ‐446 kN 50 kN 1825 kN Moment 88814 10523 1105 89442
V2 2031 kN 277 kN ‐125 kN 2054 kN Kn‐M kNm
V1 2120 kN 870 kN 149 kN 2297 kN
( 88814 = 1769 x45 + 262 x 30 + 89 x 15 )
( 10523 = -446 x45 + 723 x 30 + 593 x 15 )
( 1105 = 50 x45 + -175 x 30 + 274 x 15 )
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APPENDIX –A-3
CAPACITY DESIGN METHOD FOR MEMBERS WITH DUCTILE BEHAVIOUR
¾ Design of Section with IRC:112 for Load Combinations of IRC:6 by Limit State Method
¾ Design of Plastic Hinge including its location, height and ductile detailing as specified in Clause
7.5.2 & 7.5.4 of Guidelines
¾ Determination of MRd, Design Flexural Strength of section in Longitudinal and Transverse directions
at location of plastic hinge for reinforcement and dimensions provided
¾ Computation of Over Strength Moment Mo by multiplying MRd with Over Strength Factor ԃo
¾ Computation of Capacity design Moment, Mc and Shear Vc for the member sections outside the
plastic hinge
¾ Design of Section outside plastic hinge for Mc & Vc in accordance with Clause 7.5.3
¾ Capacity Design Effects shall be treated as Ultimate loads Fig.1 Typical Pier in Transverse Direction
1. Material Properties:
Grade of concrete for Substructure fck = 45 N/mm2
Grade of concrete for Pile foundation fck = 35 N/mm2
Grade of steel reinforcement for Substructure and f y = 500 N/mm2
Pile foundation
Clear Cover to reinforcement for Pile foundation c = 75 mm
Clear Cover to reinforcement for Substructure c = 40 mm
Gross Area of Pier section A c = 3570000 mm2
T bl 2:
Table 2 Braking
B ki forces
f att the
th base
b off Pier
Pi
Superstructure Mass for longitudinal seismic (DL + SIDL) =18043 KN
Sr. Description P HL (kN) HT M L (kNm) M T (kNm)
Superstructure Mass for transverse seismic (DL+SIDL+0.2 x LL) = 9441 KN No. (kN) (kN)
1 Braking Force under seismic Combination , Fb
T, Time Period of the system along Longitudinal Direction = 1.18 sec i P max(LL) 0 284 0 4067 0
ii Max M T (LL) 0 208 0 2976 0
T, Time Period of the system along Transverse Direction = 0.75 sec
iii Max ML (LL) 0 284 0 4067 0
Taking
Zone factor =0.24
Importance factor =1.2
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6/26/2018
Table 3: Summary of forces at the base of Pier ULS Seismic with R=3 3. Design of Section:
Sl. Description P HL HT ML MT The reinforcement detailing of the Pier section at the base and at the curtailment level is
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
No shown in Figure 3. Curtailment level is assumed to be 6m above the ground level.
1 Earthquake along Longitudinal Direction
a 1.35(DL+SIDL-F) + 1.75(SIDL-V) + 0.2(Q 1 ) + 0.2(F b ) + 1.5F eq 14682 1528 387 16251 6331
b 1.35(DL +SIDL-F) + 1.75(SIDL-V) +0.2(Q 2 ) + 0.2(F b ) + 1.5F eq 14547 1512 383 16005 6508
c 1.35(DL +SIDL-F) + 1.75(SIDL-V) +0.2(Q 3 ) + 0.2(F b ) +1.5F eq 14548 1528 383 16415 6050
b 1.35(DL +SIDL-F) + 1.75(SIDL-V) + 0.2(Q 2 ) + 0.2(F b ) +1.5F eq 14501 483 1275 5263 17565
c 1.35(DL +SIDL-F) +1.75(SIDL-V) + 0.2(Q 3 ) + 0.2(F b ) +1.5F eq 14502 498 1276 5673 17108
‘K’ if the value of normalized axial force ‘ηk’ is greater than 0.08.
Ultimate axial force, NED (At the base of Pier) = 14682 kN
Design Flexural Strength along Longitudinal Direction, M Rd,L = 27660 kNm Where, η k = NED /A c f ck = (14682 x 1000) / (3570000 x 45) = 0.091 > 0.08
Design Flexural Strength along Transverse Direction, M Rd,T = 29390 kNm Since the value of normalized axial force, η k, is more than 0.08, the over-strength factor requires
Distance between ground level to the top of Pier Cap, h = 10.25 m modification as below:
Moment due to Live Load (Longitudinal Direction) = 0.2 x 238 = 48 kNm
Moment due to Live Load (Transverse Direction) = 0.2 x 3164 = 634 kNm K=(1+2 ( η k-0.08)^2)=1.0002
Maximum Braking Force = 0.2 x 284 = 57 kN
Thus γo =1.0002 x1.35=1.35
The Capacity Moment diagram is shown in Fig.4. below
Factored Moments (ULS) due to permanent actions, i.e. live load and braking force :-
Along Longitudinal Direction = 48 + 57 x 10.25 = 632 kNm
The procedure to calculate the capacity moment and shear is applied separately for each of the two
horizontal components of the design seismic action. As per clause 7.3.4.2 (a) the over-strength
moment of the sections due to plastic mechanism is obtained by multiplying the design flexural strength
of the section with appropriate over-strength factors.
As per clause 7.3.4.2 (b) of this Guideline, the over strength factor has to be multiplied with a factor
The over-strength factor to be considered for Pier section = 1.35 Capacity moment at curtailed section along Longitudinal Direction, = 15483 kNm
Over strength moment at the base of Pier along = 37341 kNm <22840 kNm (MRd long)
M c,L, curtailed = 37341 x (10.25-6)/10.25
Longitudinal Direction, M o,L = 1.35 x 27660
Capacity moment at curtailed section along Transverse Direction, = 17420 kNm
Over strength moment at the base of Pier along Transverse = 39677 kNm
M c,T, curtailed = 39677 x (10.25-6)/10.25 <25980 kNm (MRd trans)
Direction, M o,T = 1.35 x 29390
6.Capacity Design: Hence, the design flexural strength of the section at curtailed level is more than the
6.1 For Capacity Design Moment Mc: capacity moment at the same level.
Curtailment of longitudinal bars, if any, should be done at
¾ Within members having
gpplastic hinges,
g , the Mc at the vicinity
y of hinge
g shall not
such a level that the design flexural strength of the section
be taken greater than MRd of the hinge -Clause 73.4.2(d) of Guidelines.
at the curtailed level (M Rd,curtailed ) should be greater than the
capacity moment (M c ) at the curtailed level (Figure ). 6.2 For Capacity Design Shear Vc in Pier
Ultimate axial force, N ED (At curtailment level) = 13893 kN
As per section 7.8 of this Guideline, the increase of moments of plastic hinges, ΔM, is
= 22840 kNm obtained by deducting the moment due to permanent actions, i.e. live load and braking
Design Flexural Strength at curtailed level along Longitudinal
Direction, M Rd,L, curtailed (From Figure 3 (b) force (considering appropriate load factors) from the over-strength moment of the section
Design Flexural Strength at curtailed level along Transverse = 25980 kNm along both the directions. The increase in moment of plastic hinge is:-
Direction, M Rd,T, curtailed (From Figure 3 (b)
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6/26/2018
The foundation is capacity protected by designing it for Over strength Moment Maximum moment on a pile is observed to be
Mo and Capacity Design Shear Vc in both the directions separately. Along Longitudinal Direction = 910 x 9/2x 0.8 = 3276 kNm
The summary of forces acting at the base of pile cap for the considered maximum vertical Along Transverse Direction = 934 x 9/2x 0.8= 3362 kNm
load case in Longitudinal and Transverse is given in Table 4. The number of piles is
considered as 4 at a spacing of 4.5m in both directions. The pile diameter is assumed to be 1.2m and the corresponding reinforcement assumed is 19 numbers
of (32+20mm) bundled bars. For the above said pile, the capacity at the minimum axial load i.e. -724
Table 4: Summary of forces at the base of Pile cap kN and -968 kN along longitudinal and transverse direction respectively is found out to be 3575 kNm
P HL HT ML MT Reactions on Pile in kN and 3484 kNm respectively.
respectively The capacity of the Pile for longitudinal and transverse seismic case is
Hor. Load on
Description Pile, more than the maximum moment on the pile.
kN kN kN kNm kNm P1 P2 P3 P4 kN
Longitudinal
Seismic 17218 3639 0 37341 634 9192 9333 -583 -724 910
Case
Transverse
Seismic 17157 57 3735 48 39677 -932 9546 9510 -968 934
Case
The depth of fixity is assumed to be 9 m from the pile cap bottom. The reduction factor for fixed head
pile is assumed to be 0.8 as per Fig. 5 of IS 2911(Part 1/Sec 2).
Column reinforcement details at Base
Section Properties for complete section ...
Overall dimensions height = 2.1 m
Appendix-A3 width = 1.7 m
Centroid coordinates x = 850.0 mm
y = 1050.0 mm
Loads for Analysis of section Cross section area = 3570000.0 mm²
Surface area = 7600.0 mm²/mm
At Base
Applied Obtained
@2.1m face 21 No 32 Dia Both Face +
Case P (kN) ML (kN.m) MT (kN.m) Loads Capacity (kN.m) 21 No 20 Dia Both Face +
@1.7m face 15 No 25 Dia Both Face
Seismic Long 14682 16251 6331 V & MT 25377 in Long. Dir. Total = 616.944 cm2
Seismic Trans 14636 5509 17557 V & ML 27445 in Trans. Dir. % Ast = 1.73 %
At Curtailment Point
Seismic Long for Capacity Design 13893 15483 634 V & MT 22344 in Long. Dir.
Seismic Trans for Capacity Design 13893 289 17420 V & ML 26067 in Trans. Dir. Column reinforcement details at Curtailment Point
Section Properties for complete section ...
Column Dimenion details Overall dimensions height = 2.1 m
M45 Grade Conc. width = 1.7 m
Centroid coordinates x = 850.0 mm
Traffic y = 1050.0 mm
2100
Cross section area = 3570000.0 mm²
Surface area = 7600.0 mm²/mm
@2.1m face 21 No 25 Dia Both Face +
21 No 20 Dia Both Face +
@1.7m face 15 No 25 Dia Both Face
1700 Total = 485.484 cm2
% Ast = 1.36 %
9
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• Strong global network with 15 subsidiar- • dŚƌŽƵŐŚ ƚŚĞ ĂĐƋƵŝƐŝƟŽŶ ĂŶĚ ŝŶƚĞŐƌĂƟŽŶ
ŵĂŐĞďĂ͛Ɛ ĞŵƉůŽLJĞĞƐ ĂƌĞ ƚŚĞ ĨŽƵŶĚĂƟŽŶ ŽĨƚŚĞZt^ŽůůŝŶŐĞƌ,ƺƩĞ'ŵď,ŐƌŽƵƉŽĨ
ies, 7 licensees, and agents in more than
on which the success of the company ĐŽŵƉĂŶŝĞƐŝŶϮϬϭϰ͕ŵĂŐĞďĂĐŽŶƟŶƵĞƐƚŽ
50 countries.
ƌĞƐƚƐ͘ tĞ ĂƌĞ ƉƌŽƵĚ ƚŽ ŚĂǀĞ ŵĂŶLJ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ŐƌŽǁŝŶƚĞƌŶĂƟŽŶĂůůLJ͘
industry’s most knowledgeable and capa- ͻ ĚŝƐƟŶĐƚ ƐƉŝƌŝƚ ŽĨ ƉŝŽŶĞĞƌŝŶŐ ĂŶĚ ŝŶŶŽ-
• tŝƚŚƚŚĞĂĐƋƵŝƌĞĚďƵƐŝŶĞƐƐŽƉĞƌĂƟŽŶƐŽĨ
ďůĞŝŶĚŝǀŝĚƵĂůƐŝŶŽƵƌƚĞĂŵ͘dŚĞLJĞdžƉĞƌƚůLJ ǀĂƟŽŶ͕ ůŽŶŐͲƚĞƌŵ ĞdžƉĞƌŝĞŶĐĞ͕ ĂŶĚ ĐŽŶ-
Ludowici Engineered Rubber Products by
ƐĞƌǀĞŽƵƌĐƵƐƚŽŵĞƌƐ͛ŽŌĞŶǀĞƌLJƉĂƌƟĐƵůĂƌ ƟŶƵĂůŝŵƉƌŽǀĞŵĞŶƚŽĨƉƌŽĚƵĐƚƐĂŶĚƐĞƌ-
mageba (Australia) in 2015, mageba can
needs, and ensure that the quality of our ǀŝĐĞƐŵĂŬĞŵĂŐĞďĂĂƚĞĐŚŶŽůŽŐŝĐĂůůĞĂĚĞƌ
ŶŽǁŽīĞƌƚŚĞĨƵůůƌĂŶŐĞŽĨƉƌŽĚƵĐƚƐĂŶĚ
ƉƌŽĚƵĐƚƐĂŶĚƐĞƌǀŝĐĞƐƌĞŵĂŝŶƐĂƚƚŚĞŚŝŐŚ worldwide.
ƐĞƌǀŝĐĞƐ Ăƚ ĐŽŵƉĞƟƟǀĞ ƉƌŝĐŝŶŐ ƚŚƌŽƵŐ-
ůĞǀĞůĞdžƉĞĐƚĞĚ͘ • Honoured in 2009 with an award for hout Australia and New Zealand.
ƐƵƐƚĂŝŶĂďŝůŝƚLJ͕ ƌĞŇĞĐƟŶŐ ŽƵƚƐƚĂŶĚŝŶŐ ƉĞƌ-
formance under the headings Economy,
Ecology, and Social.
3
^ƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĂůďĞĂƌŝŶŐƐ
tŝĚĞƌĂŶŐĞŽĨŚŝŐŚͲƋƵĂůŝƚLJďĞĂƌŝŶŐƐ
ŵĂŐĞďĂ ŽīĞƌƐ ŵĂŶLJ ƚLJƉĞƐ ŽĨ ďĞĂƌŝŶŐ ƚŽ
ƐĂƟƐĨLJ ďƌŝĚŐĞͲƐƉĞĐŝĮĐ ƌĞƋƵŝƌĞŵĞŶƚƐ͗ WŽƚ
bearings, spherical bearings, elastomeric
2 bearings, horizontal force bearings, linear
Incremental launch
ƌŽĐŬĞƌ ďĞĂƌŝŶŐƐ͕ ůŝŌŝŶŐ ĂŶĚ ŵĞĂƐƵƌŝŶŐ Linear rocker bearing (ILM) bearing
bearings, pendulum bearings, incremental
launch bearings and seismic bearings. In
ƚŚĞƉƌŽĚƵĐƟŽŶŽĨƚŚĞƐĞďĞĂƌŝŶŐƐ͕ŽŶůLJŚŝŐŚͲ
quality materials are used. These include
ROBO®SLIDE, a sliding material with excep-
ƟŽŶĂůƋƵĂůŝƟĞƐ͕ĂŶĚƚŚĞWKDƐĞĂůŝŶŐĐŚĂŝŶ
ǁŚŝĐŚŚĂƐƉƌŽǀĞŶŝƚƐǁŽƌƚŚŽǀĞƌƐĞǀĞƌĂůĚĞĐ-
ades in sealing the elastomeric pad at the
heart of a pot bearing.
3
,ŝŐŚƋƵĂůŝƚLJĂƐƐƚĂŶĚĂƌĚ
Bearings are manufactured in accordance
,ŝŐŚůŝŐŚƚƐͲŵĂŐĞďĂďƌŝĚŐĞďĞĂƌŝŶŐƐ
ǁŝƚŚ Eϭϯϯϳ ƵŶůĞƐƐ ŽƚŚĞƌǁŝƐĞ ƐƉĞĐŝĮĞĚ͘
• RESTON®POT bearings are among
The CE-label declares conformity with the
ŵĂŐĞďĂ͛Ɛ ĐŽƌĞ ƉƌŽĚƵĐƚƐ͕ ǁŝƚŚ ŽǀĞƌ
standard’s requirements.
ϱϬ͕ϬϬϬ ĚĞůŝǀĞƌĞĚ ƚŽ ĚĂƚĞ͘ KŶĞ ŽĨ
these set a new world record in 2007
with its ability to carry 21,000 tonnes.
• RESTON®SPHERICAL is a spherical
bearing which, especially together
ǁŝƚŚ ZKKΠ^>/͕ ŽīĞƌƐ ĞdžĐĞƉƟŽŶĂů
ĚƵƌĂďŝůŝƚLJ͘/ƚŝƐƉĂƌƟĐƵůĂƌůLJƐƵŝƚĂďůĞĨŽƌ
4
ůĂƌŐĞƌŽƚĂƟŽŶƐĂŶĚůŽǁƚĞŵƉĞƌĂƚƵƌĞƐ͘
• LASTO®BLOCK is an elastomeric bear-
1 Assembly of a RESTON®SPHERICAL bearing.
ing which, when using CR elastomer,
Ϯ Ƶƚ ǀŝĞǁ ŽĨ Ă ĨƌĞĞͲƐůŝĚŝŶŐ Z^dKEΠWKd ďĞĂƌŝŶŐ͘ is highly resistant to ageing, UV light
and ozone.
ϯ ZĞĂĚŝŶŐŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƌĐĞĂĐƟŶŐŽŶĂZ^dKEΠWKd • RESTON®POT LIFT-CONTROL is a pot
>/&dͲKEdZK>ůŝŌŝŶŐĂŶĚŵĞĂƐƵƌŝŶŐďĞĂƌŝŶŐ͕ƵƐŝŶŐ
bearing which allows the load from a
ĂƉŽƌƚĂďůĞĚĞǀŝĐĞ͘
structure to be monitored. It can also
4 RESTON®POT LIFT-CONTROL bearings perma- ďĞƵƐĞĚĂƐĂũĂĐŬƚŽůŝŌƚŚĞƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞŝĨ
ŶĞŶƚůLJĚŝƐƉůĂLJůŽĂĚƐĂŶĚĐĂŶĂůƐŽďĞƵƐĞĚƚŽůŝŌƚŚĞ necessary.
structure.
4
/ŶƐƚĂůůĂƟŽŶŽĨĂZ^dKEΠ&KZŚŽƌŝnjŽŶƚĂůĨŽƌĐĞďĞĂƌŝŶŐ͘
&ŝŶĂůĂƐƐĞŵďůLJǁŽƌŬƐďĞĨŽƌĞŝŶƐƚĂůůĂƟŽŶŽĨĂůĂƌŐĞ
TENSA®MODULAR expansion joint.
džƉĂŶƐŝŽŶũŽŝŶƚƐ
2
tŝĚĞĂŶĚǁĞůůͲƉƌŽǀĞŶƌĂŶŐĞ
mageba supplies a wide range of expan- Mat joint Flexible plug joint
sion joint types, including single gap joints,
ŵŽĚƵůĂƌ ũŽŝŶƚƐ͕ ĐĂŶƟůĞǀĞƌ ũŽŝŶƚƐ ĂŶĚ ƐůŝĚ-
ŝŶŐĮŶŐĞƌũŽŝŶƚƐ͕ŵĂƚũŽŝŶƚƐ͕ƌĂŝůǁĂLJũŽŝŶƚƐ͕
sliding plate joints ĂŶĚŇĞdžŝďůĞƉůƵŐũŽŝŶƚƐ͘
tŽƌƚŚLJŽĨƐƉĞĐŝĂůŵĞŶƟŽŶŝƐƚŚĞŵŽĚƵůĂƌ
ĞdžƉĂŶƐŝŽŶ ũŽŝŶƚ͕ ǁŚŝĐŚ ǁĂƐ ŝŶǀĞŶƚĞĚ ďLJ
ŵĂŐĞďĂƐĞǀĞƌĂůĚĞĐĂĚĞƐĂŐŽĂŶĚŚĂƐďĞĞŶ
ĐŽŶƟŶƵĂůůLJĚĞǀĞůŽƉĞĚĞǀĞƌƐŝŶĐĞ͘dŚŝƐĞdž-
ĐĞƉƟŽŶĂů ƚLJƉĞ ŽĨ ũŽŝŶƚ ŚĂƐ ďĞĞŶ ŝŶƐƚĂůůĞĚ
ŽŶŽǀĞƌϱ͕ϬϬϬďƌŝĚŐĞƐĂƌŽƵŶĚƚŚĞǁŽƌůĚ͘ 3
,ŝŐŚůŝŐŚƚƐʹŵĂŐĞďĂĞdžƉĂŶƐŝŽŶũŽŝŶƚƐ
• TENSA®MODULAR (Type LR) is an ex-
ĐĞƉƟŽŶĂůůLJŇĞdžŝďůĞĂŶĚĚƵƌĂďůĞũŽŝŶƚ
ǁŝƚŚŽƉƟŽŶĂůĨĞĂƚƵƌĞƐƐƵĐŚĂƐŶŽŝƐĞͲ
reducing surface plates, special slid-
ŝŶŐ ŵĂƚĞƌŝĂů͕ ĂŶƟͲƐŬŝĚ ĐŽĂƟŶŐ ĂŶĚ
ĞĂƌƚŚƋƵĂŬĞƉƌŽƚĞĐƟŽŶ͘
1 A TENSA®MODULAR joint (type LR24, with
ͻ dE^Π&/E'Z;dLJƉĞZ^&ͿŝƐĂĐĂŶ- ϭ͕ϵϮϬŵŵŵŽǀĞŵĞŶƚĐĂƉĂĐŝƚLJͿĚƵƌŝŶŐŝŶƐƚĂůůĂƟŽŶ͘
ƟůĞǀĞƌ ĮŶŐĞƌ ũŽŝŶƚ ǁŚŝĐŚ ŽīĞƌƐ ŚŝŐŚ
2 ZĞŵŽǀĂů ŽĨ ĂƐƉŚĂůƚ ĂŶĚ ĐƵƫŶŐ ŽĨ ƐƵƉ- 4
ĚƌŝǀŝŶŐĐŽŵĨŽƌƚ͘
ƉŽƌƚ ƌŝďƐ ŝŶ ƉƌĞƉĂƌĂƟŽŶ ĨŽƌ ƚŚĞ ŝŶƐƚĂůůĂƟŽŶ ŽĨ Ă
• WK>z&>yΠsEWhŝƐĂŇĞdžŝďůĞ
POLYFELX®ADVANCED PU expansion joint.
ƉůƵŐ ũŽŝŶƚ ƐLJƐƚĞŵ͕ ďĂƐĞĚ ŽŶ ĞůĂƐƟĐ
ƉŽůLJŵĞƌƐ͘ /ƚƐ ŬĞLJ ďĞŶĞĮƚƐ ŝŶĐůƵĚĞ ϯ /ŶƐƚĂůůĂƟŽŶŽĨĂdE^Π&>y;dLJƉĞZͿƐůŝĚŝŶŐ
ĚƌŝǀĞƌ ĐŽŵĨŽƌƚ͕ ŶŽ ĂĚĚŝƟŽŶĂů ŶŽŝƐĞ ĮŶŐĞƌũŽŝŶƚ͘dŚĞŵŽĚƵůĂƌŶĂƚƵƌĞŽĨƚŚĞũŽŝŶƚĂůůŽǁƐ
ĞŵŝƐƐŝŽŶƐĂŶĚǁĂƚĞƌƟŐŚƚŶĞƐƐ͘ ŝŶƐƚĂůůĂƟŽŶǁŝƚŚŵŝŶŝŵĂůŝŵƉĂĐƚŽŶƚƌĂĸĐ͘
• TENSA®CRETE (Type RE) is a single
4 The TENSA®CRETE SILENT (Type RE-LS) joint
ŐĂƉũŽŝŶƚĐŽŶƐŝƐƟŶŐŽĨƐƚĞĞůĞĚŐĞƉƌŽ- ŝƐƉĂƌƟĐƵůĂƌůLJƐƵŝƚĞĚƚŽƌĞƉůĂĐĞŵĞŶƚŽĨŽůĚũŽŝŶƚƐŝŶ
ĮůĞƐĂŶĐŚŽƌĞĚŝŶŚŝŐŚͲƐƚƌĞŶŐƚŚƉŽůLJ- busy roads. It normally requires no breaking out of
mer concrete. concrete and its special polymer concrete cures in
only a few hours.
7
^ĞŝƐŵŝĐƉƌŽƚĞĐƟŽŶ
ŵĂŐĞďĂƐĞŝƐŵŝĐĚĞǀŝĐĞƐʹ
ĚĂŵƉŝŶŐ͕ĂďƐŽƌďŝŶŐĂŶĚƉƌŽƚĞĐƟŶŐ
'ƌŽǁŝŶŐĚĞŵĂŶĚĨŽƌƐĞŝƐŵŝĐƉƌŽƚĞĐƟŽŶ ƵƐƚŽŵŝƐĞĚƐŽůƵƟŽŶƐ
1
Bridges and other structures can be sub- mageba is also pleased to assist in the de-
ũĞĐƚĞĚ ƚŽ ĞdžƚƌĞŵĞ ŵŽǀĞŵĞŶƚƐ ĂŶĚ ǀŝďƌĂ- ǀĞůŽƉŵĞŶƚŽĨƐƉĞĐŝĂůŝƐĞĚƐŽůƵƟŽŶƐĨŽƌĂŶLJ
ƟŽŶƐĚƵƌŝŶŐĂŶĞĂƌƚŚƋƵĂŬĞ͘dŚŝƐĐĂŶĐĂƵƐĞ ƉĂƌƟĐƵůĂƌƐĞƚŽĨƌĞƋƵŝƌĞŵĞŶƚƐ͕ĂŶĚŽĨƐƵƐ-
ĂƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞƚŽĨĂŝůŝĨƐƵŝƚĂďůĞƉƌŽƚĞĐƟŽŶŚĂƐ ƚĂŝŶĂďůĞ ƐŽůƵƟŽŶƐ ǁŝƚŚ ĐŽŶƐŝĚĞƌĂƟŽŶ ŽĨ
not been detailed. The demand for seismic durability, long life and future needs.
ƉƌŽƚĞĐƟŽŶĨĞĂƚƵƌĞƐ͕ĞƐƉĞĐŝĂůůLJĨŽƌŬĞLJďƵŝůĚ-
ŝŶŐƐĂŶĚƚƌĂŶƐƉŽƌƚĂƟŽŶƌŽƵƚĞƐ͕ĐŽŶƟŶƵĞƐƚŽ
grow strongly.
STUs Hydraulic dampers
WƌŽƚĞĐƟŶŐďƌŝĚŐĞƐĂŶĚďƵŝůĚŝŶŐƐ
/ŶĂĚĚŝƟŽŶƚŽƐƵƉƉůLJŝŶŐ infrastructure and
building products, mageba also specialises 2
,ŝŐŚůŝŐŚƚƐʹŵĂŐĞďĂƐĞŝƐŵŝĐĚĞǀŝĐĞƐ
• Hydraulic dampers, Shock Transmis-
sion Units (STU) and preloaded spring
dampers absorb and dissipate exces-
ƐŝǀĞ ĞŶĞƌŐLJ ĚƵƌŝŶŐ ĚLJŶĂŵŝĐ ĞǀĞŶƚƐ
such as earthquakes.
• ^ƉƌŝŶŐ ĚŝƐĐ ĚĂŵƉĞƌƐ ĂƌĞ ƉĂƌƟĐƵůĂƌůLJ
ǀĂůƵĞĚĨŽƌƚŚĞŝƌƌĞůŝĂďŝůŝƚLJ͕ƚŽƉͲƋƵĂůŝƚLJ 1 RESTON® hydraulic dampers. mageba damp-
materials, and durability. ĞƌƐ ŽīĞƌ ĂŶ ĞĐŽŶŽŵŝĐĂů ŵĞĂŶƐ ŽĨ ƐƚƌĞŶŐƚŚĞŶŝŶŐ
Ă ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞ͘ dŚĞLJ ĐĂŶ ďĞ ĞdžƉĞĐƚĞĚ ƚŽ ĨƵŶĐƟŽŶ ĨŽƌ 4
ͻ>ĞĂĚ ZƵďďĞƌ ĞĂƌŝŶŐƐ ;>ZͿ ĐŽŶƐƟ-
ǁĞůůŽǀĞƌϱϬLJĞĂƌƐ͘
tute the world’s most widespread
ƐŽůƵƟŽŶĨŽƌƚŚĞƉƌŽƚĞĐƟŽŶŽĨďƌŝĚŐĞƐ Ϯ dŚŽƌŽƵŐŚ ƚĞƐƟŶŐ ŽĨ Ă ƐƉƌŝŶŐ ĚŝƐĐ ĚĂŵƉĞƌ Ăƚ
and buildings during earthquakes. ƚŚĞŝŶĚĞƉĞŶĚĞŶƚƚĞƐƟŶŐůĂďŽƌĂƚŽƌLJDW;^ǁŝƚnjĞƌ-
• Fuse-Box – The Fuse-Box feature en- land).
sures that a modular joint will dis-
ϯ >ĞĂĚ ZƵďďĞƌ ĞĂƌŝŶŐƐ ŚĂǀĞ ƉƌŽǀĞŶ ƚŚĞŝƌ
connect from the main structure in a
worth in many earthquakes around the world.
controlled way during an earthquake.
dŚŝƐ ƉƌĞǀĞŶƚƐ ŵĂũŽƌ ĚĂŵĂŐĞ ƚŽ ƚŚĞ 4 A modular expansion joint featuring Fuse-Box
bridge or expansion joint. ƐĞŝƐŵŝĐƉƌŽƚĞĐƟŽŶ;ŽŶƚŚĞůĞŌͿ͕ďĞĨŽƌĞŝŶƐƚĂůůĂƟŽŶ
on a bridge.
8
/ŶƐƚĂůůĂƟŽŶŽĨĂZ^dKEΠWEh>hDƵƌǀĞĚ^ƵƌĨĂĐĞ^ůŝĚĞƌ͘
ROBO®CONTROL sensor for measurement of forces in cables.
DŽŶŝƚŽƌŝŶŐΘ^ĞƌǀŝĐĞƐ
ŵĂŐĞďĂŵŽŶŝƚŽƌŝŶŐΘƐĞƌǀŝĐĞƐʹ
ĐŽŶƚƌŽůĂŶĚƐĂĨĞƚLJĂƚĂůůƟŵĞƐ
dŚĞŝŶĐƌĞĂƐŝŶŐŶĞĞĚĨŽƌĐŽŶƚƌŽů “Smart” expansion
1 joints &ƵŶĐƟŽŶĂůŝƚLJƚĞƐƚ
The ability of engineers to design, con-
struct and maintain structures has greatly
ŝŵƉƌŽǀĞĚ ŝŶ ƌĞĐĞŶƚ ĚĞĐĂĚĞƐ͘ dŚĞ ŶĞĞĚ
for structural health monitoring has also
grown accordingly.
,ŝŐŚůŝŐŚƚƐʹŵĂŐĞďĂŵŽŶŝƚŽƌŝŶŐΘ
ƐĞƌǀŝĐĞƐ
ͻZKKΠKEdZK>ʹĂŵŽĚĞƌŶĂŶĚŇĞdžŝ-
4
ďůĞƐLJƐƚĞŵǁŚŝĐŚŽīĞƌƐƋƵŝĐŬ͕ĞĸĐŝĞŶƚ
ϭ ŵĂŐĞďĂ ŚĂƐ Žǀer 50 years of experience in
ĂŶĚ ŝŶĞdžƉĞŶƐŝǀĞ ŚĞĂůƚŚ ĐŚĞĐŬŝŶŐ ŽĨ
ƚŚĞĐŽŶǀĞŶƟŽŶĂůŝŶƐƉĞĐƟŽŶŽĨƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞƐ͘
any type of structure.
2 ROBO®CONTROL is a fully automated moni- ͻ/ŶƐƉĞĐƟŽŶƐ ʹ Ă ǀŝƚĂů ƉĂƌƚ ŽĨ ĂŶLJ
ƚŽƌŝŶŐƐLJƐƚĞŵƚŚĂƚŵĂŬĞƐŵĞĂƐƵƌĞĚĚĂƚĂĂǀĂŝůĂďůĞ structure’s maintenance plan. Done
ǀŝĂƚŚĞ/ŶƚĞƌŶĞƚ͘ properly and professionally, they can
ensure that possible problems are
3 A ROBO®CONTROL Box – the heart of
mageba‘s structural health monitoring system. ŝĚĞŶƟĮĞĚŝŶŐŽŽĚƟŵĞ͘
ͻŵĂŐĞďĂĐĂŶƉƌŽǀŝĚĞĐŽŵƉůĞƚĞƚĞƐƟŶŐ
4 Low energy systems enable ROBO®CONTROL of any bridge product.
ƚŽďĞŝŶƐƚĂůůĞĚŝŶĞǀĞŶƚŚĞŵŽƐƚƌĞŵŽƚĞůŽĐĂƟŽŶƐ͘
11
ƵŝůĚŝŶŐƉƌŽĚƵĐƚƐ
3
,ŝŐŚůŝŐŚƚƐʹŵĂŐĞďĂďƵŝůĚŝŶŐƉƌŽĚƵĐƚƐ
• LASTO®STRIP linear strip bearings ac-
ĐŽŵŵŽĚĂƚĞ ĨŽƌĐĞƐ͕ ŵŽǀĞŵĞŶƚƐ ĂŶĚ
ƌŽƚĂƟŽŶƐ͕ ƉƌĞǀĞŶƟŶŐ ĚĂŵĂŐĞ ĂŶĚ
thus extending the life of the building.
• TENSA®COMPRESS A expansion joints
ĨĂĐŝůŝƚĂƚĞ ůŽŶŐŝƚƵĚŝŶĂů͕ ǀĞƌƟĐĂů ĂŶĚ
ƚƌĂŶƐǀĞƌƐĞ ŵŽǀĞŵĞŶƚƐ ŽĨ ŽŶĞ ƉĂƌƚ
ŽĨĂďƵŝůĚŝŶŐƌĞůĂƟǀĞƚŽĂŶŽƚŚĞƌ͘dŚĞ 1 mageba building products are continually
ƌĞǀŝĞǁĞĚ ĂŶĚ ĨƵƌƚŚĞƌ ĚĞǀĞůŽƉĞĚ͘ dŚĞ ĚŝĂŐƌĂŵ
joint’s inner ribbing ensures that it re-
ƐŚŽǁƐƚŚĞĐƵƌƌĞŶƚŵĞĂƐƵƌĞĚǀĂůƵĞƐŽĨƚŚĞĚLJŶĂ-
tains its form in any state of compres- mic stiffness of VIBRAX®BLOCK B bearings.
sion.
4
• VIBRAX®STAIR stair bearings are used 2 LASTO®STRIP linear strip bearings are easy
ƚŽĚĂŵƉĞŶǀŝďƌĂƟŽŶƐĨƌŽŵĨŽŽƚƚƌĂĸĐ ƚŽ ŝŶƐƚĂůů͕ ĂŶĚ ĐĂŶ ďĞ ƉƌŽǀŝĚĞĚ ǁŝƚŚ Ă Wd& ƐƚƌŝƉ͕
sliding sheet and silicone grease to facilitate sliding
ŽŶƐƚĂŝƌƐ͕ƐŝŐŶŝĮĐĂŶƚůLJƌĞĚƵĐŝŶŐƚŚĞƌĞ- ŵŽǀĞŵĞŶƚ͘
ƐƵůƟŶŐŶŽŝƐĞ͘
ͻdE^Π^ ŝƐ Ă ƐƚƌŽŶŐ ĂŶĚ ǀĞƌLJ 3 TENSA®COMPRESS A expansion joints are
elegant expansion joint for use both ƐŝŵƉůĞĂŶĚƋƵŝĐŬƚŽŝŶƐƚĂůů͕ŵĂŬŝŶŐƚŚĞŵĂƩƌĂĐƟǀĞ
for many building purposes.
internally and externally. It is water-
ƉƌŽŽĨ͕ĂŶĚŝƚƐƐƵƌĨĂĐĞƉƌŽĮůĞƐŽīĞƌĞdž- ϰ &ŝŶĂů ŝŶƐƚĂůůĂƟŽŶ ŽĨ s/ZyΠDW >ͬDͬ,
ĐĞůůĞŶƚŽǀĞƌͲƌŽůůŝŶŐĐŽŵĨŽƌƚǁŚŝůĞĂůƐŽ and VIBRAX®SCREED H. Placed under machines in
reducing noise to a minimum. ŝŶĚƵƐƚƌŝĂůŽƌƌĞƐŝĚĞŶƟĂůďƵŝůĚŝŶŐƐ͕ƚŚŝƐŐƌĞĂƚůLJƌĞĚƵ-
ĐĞƐǀŝďƌĂƟŽŶƐĂŶĚŶŽŝƐĞ͘
12
WŽƐŝƟŽŶŝŶŐŽĨƉƌĞͲĐĂƐƚĐŽŶĐƌĞƚĞĞůĞŵĞŶƚƐŽŶƚŚĞƉƌĞƉĂƌĞĚ
s/ZyΠ>K<ǀŝďƌĂƟŽŶďĞĂƌŝŶŐƐĂƚDWŝŶƺďĞŶĚŽƌĨ͘
mageba quality and know-how –
ĨŽƌůĂƐƟŶŐĂŶĚƌĞůŝĂďůĞƉƌŽĚƵĐƚƐ
^LJƐƚĞŵĂƟĐYƵĂůŝƚLJDĂŶĂŐĞŵĞŶƚ ͻ&ŝƌƐƚĐŽŵƉĂŶLJŝŶŝƚƐĮĞůĚƚŽŚĂǀĞŝƚƐƋƵĂů- ĚĞǀĞůŽƉŝŶŐ ĂŶĚ ŝŵƉƌŽǀŝŶŐ ƋƵĂůŝƚLJ ƐLJƐ-
ŝƚLJĂƐƐƵƌĂŶĐĞƐLJƐƚĞŵĐĞƌƟĮĞĚŝŶĂĐĐŽƌĚ- tem.
ance with ISO 9001 (in 1991). ͻWƌŽĚƵĐƚƚĞƐƟŶŐĂƚĞdžƚĞƌŶĂů͕ŝŶĚĞƉĞŶĚĞŶƚ
ͻdžƚĞŶƐŝǀĞĞdžƉĞƌŝĞŶĐĞŝŶƋƵĂůŝƚLJŵĂŶĂŐĞ- ŝŶƐƟƚƵƟŽŶƐƐƵĐŚĂƐƵŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƟĞƐĂŶĚŵĂ-
ment and assurance. Experienced quality ƚĞƌŝĂůƚĞƐƟŶŐďŽĚŝĞƐ͘
ƐƉĞĐŝĂůŝƐƚƐĂŶĚǁĞůĚŝŶŐĞŶŐŝŶĞĞƌƐ;/tͬ ͻůŽƐĞ ĐŽŽƉĞƌĂƟŽŶ ŝŶ ƚŚĞ ĮĞůĚƐ ŽĨ Ğdž-
t/Ϳ͕ĂŶĚĐĞƌƟĮĞĚŝŶƐƉĞĐƚŽƌƐŝŶĂůůŵĂŶ- ternal quality control and research and
ƵĨĂĐƚƵƌŝŶŐĨĂĐŝůŝƟĞƐ͘ ĚĞǀĞůŽƉŵĞŶƚ ǁŝƚŚ ƚŚĞ hŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƟĞƐ ŽĨ
ͻ^LJƐƚĞŵĂƟĐ ĐŽŶƚƌŽů ŽĨ Ăůů ďƵƐŝŶĞƐƐ ƉƌŽ- ^ƚƵƩŐĂƌƚ ĂŶĚ <ĂƌůƐƌƵŚĞ ;'ĞƌŵĂŶLJͿ ĂŶĚ
cesses ensured by mageba’s constantly Innsbruck (Austria).
14
mageba –
ǁŽƌůĚǁŝĚĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨŽƌŽǀĞƌϱϬLJĞĂƌƐ
&ƵƌƚŚĞƌ
ƌĞĨĞƌĞŶĐĞƐ
ĂƌĞĂǀĂŝůĂďůĞ
ŽŶůŝŶĞ͘
15
ĞŶŐŝŶĞĞƌŝŶŐĐŽŶŶĞĐƟŽŶƐΠʹƐŝŶĐĞϭϵϲϯ
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AUSTRALIA AUSTRIA AUSTRIA Eͬ>d/EDZ/
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Switzerland www.mageba.ch
Version 2015.09
collaboration partners in India
COMPANY PROFILE
COMPANY PROFILE
Founded in 1947, RESISTOFLEX has been a pioneer in several world class technologies and
introduced the same in India in the following Chronological manner:
1947 - VIBRATION, SHOCK AND NOISE CONTROL comprising of Isolators and Flexible Joints.
1992 - SPRING MOUNTS and VISCOUS DAMPERS in collaboration with Christie & Grey, U.K. along
with advanced computer programs for optimized selection.
1995 – developed FAIL-SAFE SILICON RUBBER ISOLATORS for protecting avionics in Satellite
Launch Vehicles in collaboration with Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre, India.
1997 - AIR SUSPENSION SYSTEMS for Road and Rail vehicles in collaboration with Contitech-
Continental, Germany.
2005 - SEISMIC BASE ISOLATION of Buildings developed in technical co-operation with Department
of Earthquake Engineering, IIT Roorkee.
2015 - collaborated with HIRUN to offer Seismic Isolation Systems for Buildings & Bridges in India.
HIRUN is the subsidiary of China Shipbuilding Industry Corporation (CSIC), a FORTUNE 500
enterprise.
He was the Chairman of CEN TC 167, the European Standardization Committee for Structural
Bearing that issued EN 1337 Standard and member of CEN TC 340, for Anti-Seismic Devices that
issued the EN 15129 Standard.
HIRUN offers advanced solutions in civil engineering supporting structural and architectural
designers in many countries around the world based on 40 years of their experience.
254 nos. of Friction Pendulum Isolators were designed and tested as per EN 15129 and other agreed
specification for an IT / ITES project in Gurgaon.
Resistoflex is a very active industry partner for Govt. of India's initiative for indigenous development
of Base Isolation Systems for Earthquake mitigation and setting up of national level test facilities at
MNIT Jaipur.
A collaborative project with Indian Institute of Technology (IIT Delhi) for Seismic Base Isolated
showcase building has been instituted. The clear objective for this landmark project is to objectively
demonstrate Base Isolation Technology and its techno economic advantages. It will also house a
Technical Centre to promote and support this emerging technology to project authorities, structural
engineers, architects, students, etc.
THE STRATEGY
Design, produce, test to EN/ASCE/IRC/IS codes and provide technical support on several different
times of Structural Bearings, Anti Seismic Devices and Expansion Joints to achieve the most efficient
protection against earthquakes for any kind of bridge / infrastructure / building and guarantee the
following performances:
« Carry horizontal loads
« Allow / restrict movements and rotations
« Increase the period of the structure
« Increase the damping coefficient
The reduction of the seismic response of a structure may be achieved by one the following strategies
or by a combination of them:
All the devices can be customized following the peculiar feature of any design considering:
« Sliding path
« Fuses
« Performance requirements
« In service / seismic condition
« Any combination of devices
« Installation procedure and replacement
The performances of devices are validated by in-house high load capacity and high velocity at high
stroke tests on isolators and dampers, a facility unique with HIRUN.
NOTE: Preliminary evaluation is always followed by a summarized table showing all the design
parameters and technical performances at any requested design condition (including UPPER and
LOWER BOUND)
As conclusion of the above Dynamic Analysis, the main designer can perform the final analysis of the
structure (model with software as SAP2000 or ETABS) still using the response spectrum or the
accelerograms.
During this phase the designer shall confirm that our preliminary assumptions are correct to make the
proper modifications.
We are at full disposal for any suggestion or question the designer may need to define the isolators in
the proper way inside the software and in order to generally optimize the design.
After Design Freeze, the machining design of the seismic isolators will be completed to
confirm/obtain the final properties:
ª DYNAMIC FRICTION
ª EFFECTIVE RADIUS
ª Damping ratio
ª Effective stiffness
ª Displacement
ª Vertical load
HIPOT-High Speed Railway HIPOT- High Speed Railway (China) HITUNED-HZM bridge HIFLUID-Lanzhou-Hekou bridge (China)
HIFLOW-140MN Spherical Bearing HIJOINT-finger joint HISLIDE-Padma bridge (Bangladesh) HIDAMP-Temburong bridge (Brunei)
HISLIDE- IT SEZ, Gurugram (India) HISLIDE- Resistoflex, Noida (India) HIFLUID-Jinmen bridge (China) HICLAMP-Halogaland bridge (Norway)
collaboration partners in India
Mission:
To emerge as a single source solution for all the construction
related needs of the Civil Engineering Projects
¾ Started as 100% family owned
¾ about 50% domestic market share of Joints & Bearings
¾ 1270 Million INR (19.5 M US$)+ turnover for F.Y. 17-18
¾ export, 10-15% of total turnover and increasing ……
¾ Production Area approx. 15,000 m2
¾ Centralized Production plant located in Bhopal
¾ Marketing offices in Delhi, Mumbai, Bangalore, Chennai, Hyderabad
¾ Agents & Distributors all over the country and abroad.
¾ Rubber Bearings:
……. approx. 1000 Nos. Bearings per month,
(avg. size 400 x 300 x 42mm, vol. wise approx. 4.5 m3 / month)
¾ Movement Joints:
……. approx. 5000 RM of Single Seal and 500 RM of Modular
Joint per month
BENCH MARKS OF SANFIELD INDIA LIMITED :-
Having exports business to Europe, Middle East, Far East and Asia Pacific
Countries.
First ISO 9001:2015 company in India in the field of Joints and Bearings
practicing strict Quality Control in the designing and manufacturing thus certifying
the quality and performance of products.
Executed over 300,000 RM of Expansion Joints & 75,000 units of Bearings on
various Prestigious Bridges, Highways and Expressways across the country and
abroad.
CE Certification for production of MSM Spherical Bearings and Pot / Pot-cum-
PTFE Bearings.
Fully Equipped Testing facilities capable of testing finished Bearings up to 16,000
kN Vertical and 2,000 kN Horizontal Loading with simultaneous application.
TECHNICAL ACCREDITATION - Third Party Control
SMERA RATING SE 2A
Contact…….
Sanfield (India) Limited.
Head office:
13 - A, D - Sector,
Industrial Area,
Govindpura,
Bhopal – 462 023, India.
GOVERNING COUNCIL OF IAStructE Managing Director, Mahendra Raj Consultants Pvt Ltd.
Mr Manoj Mittal has graduated in Civil Engineering Prof. Mahesh Tandon (2014-2016)
from BITS Pilani in 1985. He also earned his M.Sc. & SECRETARIAT
MS degrees from the same Institute. He is practicing
as Consulting Civil & Structural Engineer and has an Managing Director, Tandon Consultants Pvt Ltd. Prof. K-69A, Basement,
experience of over 30 years in the field of Civil & Tandon is an international expert in the field of structur- Kalkaji, New Delhi 110019.
Structural engineering Consulting. He also has al engineering. Many of the structures designed by him
expertise in structural retrofitting and rehabilitation have been widely acclaimed and have received Tel/Fax : 011-45794829
of structures in distress. He has keen interest in the recognition in India as well as internationally. He has E-mail: iastructe@gmail.com
field of green & sustainable design of built environment. He is member of received several awards by many institutions for his
several professional bodies e.g. IEI (I), IAStructE, ICI, CEAI, CDC, ACCE contribution in the structural engineering fraternity. He Website: www.iastructe.co.in
(I), ACI-India Chapter, IBC and IOV. He is member of various BIS commit- is the President, Indian Society of Wind Engineering,
tees e.g. CED-29, and CED-54 & CED-46: P4, P11 & P19. Presently he is India.
also affiliated with SPA-New Delhi as visiting faculty.
ABOUT IAStructE BENEFITS OF JOINING IAStructE HOW TO BE A MEMBER ?
Indian Association of Structural Engineers (IAStructE) is Membership of IAStructE is a sought after professional IAStructE membership is restricted to professionals of proven
national apex body of structural engineers in India established competence and credibility. Depending upon age,
accreditation. Your membership of IAStructE can help
with the objective to cater to the overall professional needs of qualifications and experience, IAStructE members are
you enhance your intellectual, academic, technical and classified into following categories:
structural engineers. The association has become the source
of expertise and information concerning all issues that involve professional status. It provides inter connectivity to the Grade Eligibility
structural engineering and public safety within the built fellow professional and the fraternity. Some of the benefits − Fellow Civil Engineering Graduate with age over 42+
environment. It has no commercial objective. IAStructE has of membership is provided below: years and minimum 20 years experience
signed an MoU with IStructE (Institution of Structural − Member Civil Engineering Graduate with age 32+
Engineers) of UK & JJSI (Japan Society of Seismic Isolation) a. Complimentary magazine subscription: All members years and minimum experience of 10 years
for exchange of information and promotion of Structural − Associate Civil Engineering Graduate with Age 22+ years.
(except Student Members) receive a complimentary
Engineering profession. − Student 3rd and 4th year Undergraduate Civil Engineering
subscription to the Institution’s flagship publication Students.
IAStructE is purely a professional learned society with the
prime objective of supporting and protecting the profession of “STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING DIGEST’ (SED). Every applicant for election to membership in any grade
Published quarterly, each issue allows members to remain shall pay the Processing Fee along with his/her application
structural engineering by upholding professional standards and
form. Once the application is accepted by the Governing
acting as a mouthpiece for structural engineers in India. connected to the association through the provision of Council, the applicant has to pay the Admission Fee (one
IAStructE endeavors to ensure that it’s members develop the technical papers, Industry and Institution News, time) and Annual Subscription Fee (Annually) for retaining
necessary skill in structural engineering and work to the highest Featured articles, Professional Guidance on everyday the membership. The Members in Fellow or Member grade
standards by maintaining a commitment to professional ethics can opt for compounding their annual subscription for Life
matters affecting the practicing structural engineers.
and standards within structural engineering. by paying a onetime Life Membership Fee. Transfer Fee
shall be payable with application for transfer from Member
IAStructE strives for continued technical excellence; advancing b. Access to all Technical Lectures, organized every month, at
to Fellow, from Associate Member to Member and from
safety and innovation across the built environment. It also no charge.
strives to make available to the Government, Public Sector and Student Member to Associate Member. The Fees as
Private Sector - a credible source of well qualified and applicable currently are as follows :
c. Access to Technical Discussions held regularly
experienced Structural Engineers. A nationwide database of − Processing Fee : Rs. 750.00 (For F/M/AM)
Structural Engineers has been compiled and is being d. Access to the association’s library (Including e-library) : Rs. 100.00 (Students)
constantly updated. − Transfer Fee : Rs. 750.00
e. Discounts in attending Seminars and Workshops organized
The association provides opportunity for all the members to − Admission Fee : Rs. 750.00 (NIL for Students)
by the association
develop skills in structural engineering and helps members to − Annual Subscription :
be at the forefront of structural engineering practice. Towards f. Full on-line access to the current volume and entire e- − Fellow Rs. 1500/-
achievement of its aims and objectives, IAStructE is engaged in
archive of journal “Structural Engineering Digest (SED)”, − Member Rs. 1200/-
organizing the following:
Refresher Course Materials, Technical Lectures, E- − Associate Member Rs. 750/-
CPD Courses for Professionals − Student Rs. Nil
Newsletters and other Technical Resources of the
Refresher Courses for young engineers
association. − Life Membership Fee for ‘Member ’ and ‘Fellow’ Grade
Student’s orientation program
− Age 60(+) yrs & Above 5 times annual subscription
Seminars/Workshops g. Opportunity to network with professional − Age 50(+) yrs to 60 yrs 10 times annual subscription
Technical Lectures & Technical Discussions
structural engineers of eminence and to meet potential − Age 44(+) yrs to 50 yrs 15 times annual subscription
IAStructE is currently operating from four regional / state − Age upto 44 yrs 20 times annual subscription
employers in the association.
centres. These regional centres are located in the Eastern, Governing Council has the authority to fix and revise
Western, Northern and Southern parts of the country h. Opportunities for professional development the amount of Annual Subscription and other Fees payable
residing/practicing all over the country as they may consider fit from time to time.
Indian Association of Structural Engineers Please paste passport
K-69A, Basement, Kalkaji, New Delhi 110019 size Photograph
Tel. 91-11-45794829; E-mail: iastructe@gmail.com, Web. http://www.iastructe.org here with signature
across
B. Academic Qualifications
Degree College / University Year
1 ___________________________________________________________________________________
2 ___________________________________________________________________________________
3 ___________________________________________________________________________________
2 ____________________________________________________________________________________________
3 ___________________________________________________________________________________________
{
E. Declaration
I hereby declare that I have read the Byelaws & agree to abide by all rules/regulations and decisions of Governing
Council of IAStructE as framed from time to time. I further certify that all details provided in my application form are
true to the best of my knowledge and in case any detail is found to be incorrect, my membership may be cancelled at
any time.
1 ___________________________________________________________________________________
2 ___________________________________________________________________________________
3 ___________________________________________________________________________________
Received on_____________________
H. Remarks
• Membership Grade
I. Application Recommended by IAStructE member: (To be filled in case the form is being filled
by the applicant based on recommendation from an IAStructE Member)
NOTE : Please read carefully all the instructions given in the guidelines for filling of Form before submitting
the application. All the fields of the form are mandatory & to be filled in properly.
Page 2 of 2
J. GUIDELINES FOR FILLING OF FORM: (Not required to be attached with Application)
12. Fees
Processing Fee Rs. 750/- (Rs. 100/- for Student Member) (to be sent with application)
Admission Fee Rs. 750/-
Transfer Fee Rs. 750/- (Transfer Fee shall only be applicable with application for
transfer from Member to Fellow grade and from Associate
Member to Member grade)
13. Annual Subscription (as per grades)
Fellow : Rs. 1500/-
Member : Rs. 1200/-
Associate Member : Rs. 750/-
Student : Rs. Nil
Admission fee and Annual Subscription shall be payable on approval of membership by Governing
Council.
New Members shall need to pay membership subscription depending upon the joining date. Following
fee component shall be payable on joining:
a) For members joining between April- September: 100% annual subscription as applicable.
b) For members joining between October- March: 2/3rd of the annual subscription as applicable.
2. For Life Members in ‘Member’ grade wishing to apply for transfer to Fellow grade, one has to pay
the transfer fee plus difference in the conversion fees to life membership grade as applicable for
Fellow and Members.
ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA
Grades of Membership
There shall be four grades of membership in the Association, termed respectively
• FELLOW
• MEMBER
• ASSOCIATE MEMBER
• STUDENT MEMBER
Fellow
Fellow of the Association shall be elected as such on fulfillment of the following requirements:
* Age not less than 42 years;
• Engaged in the profession of Structural Engineering;
• Posses a degree in civil engineering/structural engineering or degree in some other engineering
discipline recognized by AICTE and/or accepted by the Governing Council as equivalent
qualification;
• Have experience of not less than 20 years of which at least 10 years shall be in a position of
responsibility for the design of important structural engineering works or a minimum of 10
years in teaching / R&D work in structural engineering in recognized technical
educational/research institutions and
• Has acquired considerable recognition as a structural engineer.
Member
Member of the Association shall be elected as such on fulfillment of the following requirements:
* Age not less than 32 years;
• Engaged in the profession of Structural Engineering;
• Posses a degree in civil engineering/structural engineering or degree in some other engineering
discipline recognized by AICTE and accepted by the Governing Council as equivalent
qualification;
• Have experience of not less than 10 years of which at least 5 years shall be in a position of
responsibility for the design of important structural engineering works or a minimum of 5
years in teaching / R&D work in structural engineering in recognized technical
educational/research institutions and
• Out of the total experience of 10 years, at least 5 years shall be in a position of responsibility.
Associate Member
Associate Member of the Association shall be elected as such on fulfillment of the following
requirements:
* Age not less than 22 years;
• Posses a degree in civil engineering/structural engineering or degree in some other
engineering discipline recognized by AICTE and/or have equivalent qualification accepted by
the Governing Council
• Engaged in design of structural engineering works.
Student Member
Student Member of the Association shall be elected as such on fulfillment of the following
requirements:
* Age not less than 20 years;
• Completed at least 2 years of a civil/structural engineering degree course recognized by AICTE
Corporate Members
Fellows and Members of the Association shall be designated Corporate Members of the Association.
Life Members
Corporate Members may opt for Life Membership of respective grade
ELECTION OF MEMBERS
Approval
No person shall be elected to membership in any grade unless his/her application has been approved by the
Governing Council as hereinafter provided. The Governing Council alone shall have the power to decide
conclusively regarding each person seeking election to any grade of membership of the Association whether
he/she has or has not fulfilled the requirements applicable to his/her case.
Application for Membership
Every candidate for election to any grade of membership, except that of Honorary Fellow shall fill in and sign
the appropriate application form prescribed by the Governing Council and containing a declaration that he/she
has read the Bye-laws & the Code of Ethics/Conduct and shall abide by these;
Supporters
Every form of application shall be supported by requisite number of Corporate Members of the Association as
specified below:
Application For Supporters
• Fellow…………………….….3 Fellows of the Association
• Member………………….......1 Fellow & 2 Corporate Members of the Association
• Associate Member………….3 Corporate Members of the Association
• Student Member.………. Bonafied Student certificate from authorized University's/Institute’s Officials
• In exceptional cases only, where an applicant is not personally acquainted with the requisite number of
Corporate Members, the Governing Council may accept the application form signed by Members of a
professional society of good standing approved by the Governing Council.
Each application shall be accompanied by requisite Processing fees.
Admission fee and annual subscription shall be payable on approval of membership by Governing
Council.
Processing of Applications
• Completed application forms shall be scrutinized by the committee appointed by the Governing Council
and placed before the Governing Council with appropriate recommendations;
• The Governing Council may approve or keep pending any application for making further enquiries;
• The Governing Council may not approve a candidate whom they consider undesirable without assigning
any reason or explanation;
• The Governing Council may require any candidate to attend an interview and/or written test in order to
better satisfy themselves that he/she possesses the requisite qualifications and experience;
• A candidate whose application is duly approved by the Governing Council shall be admitted as a
Fellow, Member, Associate Member or Student Member, as the case may be, on payment of such Fee
as may be prescribed.
Annual Subscription
The quantum of Annual Subscription for Fellows, Members, Associate Members and Student Members varies
and will be as decided by the GC from time to time and included in the guidelines for Filling up Forms.
• Annual subscriptions shall be payable in full on 1st April every year and must be paid in advance. Any
member in arrears of subscription for more than 3 months shall not be entitled to the rights & privileges
of the Association.
• On the expiry of three months, a notice shall be issued to all members in arrears of subscription to pay the
due amount within 1 month. If such subscription remains unpaid after expiry of this 1 month notice, the
member concerned shall forthwith cease to be a member, but without prejudice to his obligation to pay
the arrears.
New Members shall need to pay membership subscription depending upon the joining date. Following fee
component shall be payable on joining:
a) For members joining between April- September: 100% annual subscription as applicable.
b) For members joining between October- March: 2/3rd of the annual subscription as applicable.
The Governing Council may terminate membership of any member of the Association or require his/her
resignation, upon being satisfied that he/she has willfully acted in contravention of the requirements set by the
Bye-laws 6.1, and is therefore unfit to belong to the Association.
REINSTATEMENT
Any member whose name has been removed from the membership of the Association for non-payment of the
subscription may apply for reinstatement. The Governing Council may, at their discretion, allow his/her name
to be reinstated subject to his/her clearing all his/her past dues to the Association at current rates of
subscription. If the member fails to clear his dues to the Association his reinstatement may be considered by
the Association only as life member and on payment of the compounding fees corresponding to his
membership grade.