By Authority Of

THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Legally Binding Document
By the Authority Vested By Part 5 of the United States Code § 552(a) and
Part 1 of the Code of Regulations § 51 the attached document has been duly
INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE and shall be considered legally
binding upon all citizens and residents of the United States of America.
HEED THIS NOTICE: Criminal penalties may apply for noncompliance.

e
Document Name: ASTM A307: Carbon Steel Bolts and Studs, 60,000
PSI Tensile Strength
CFR Section(s): 46 CFR 56.25-20(b)

Standards Body: American Society for Testing and Materials

Official Incorporator:
THE EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR
OFFICE OF THE FEDERAL REGISTER
WASHINGTON, D.C.
 Standard Specification for
CARBON STEEL EXTERNALLY THREADED STANDARD
FASTENERS1
This standard is issued under the flxed designation A 307; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year oflast revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year oflast
reapproval.

'NOTE-Table 3, which was incorrectly retained at last revision, was editorially deleted and Table 4 renumbered to Table 3
in November 1979.

1. Scope NOTE-The values stated in inch-pound units are

1.1 This specification2 covers the chemical
and mechanical requirements of two grades of
carbon steel externally threaded standard fas-
teners, in sizes 1/4 in. (6.35 mm) through 4 in.
(104 mm). This specification does not cover
requirements for externally threaded fas-
teners having heads with slotted or recessed
drives or for mechanical expansion anchors.
The fasteners covered by this specification are
frequently used for the following applications:
1.1.1 Grade A Bolts, for general applica-
tions, and
1.1.2 Grade B Bolts, for flanged joints in
piping systems where one or both flanges are
cast iron.
1.2 If no grade is specified in the inquiry,
contract, or order, Grade A bolts shall be
furnished. . Screws
1.3 NQnheaded anchor bolts, either straight
or bent, to be used for structural anchorage
purposes, shall conform to the requirements
of Specification A 36 with tension tests to be
made on the bolt body or on the bar stock
used for making the anchor bolts.
1.4 Suitable nuts are covered in Specifica-
tion A 563. Unless otherwise specified, the
grade and style of nut for each grade of
fastener, of all surface finishes, shall be as
follows:
Fastener Grade and 'Size Nut Grade and Style"
A, '/. to l'lz in. A, hex
to be regarded as the standard.
2. Applicable Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A 36 Specification for Structural SteeP
A 153 Specification for Zinc Coating (Hot-
Dip) on Iron and Steel Hardware 4
A 370 Methods and Definitions for Me-
chanical Testing of Steel Products7
A 563 Specification for Carbon and Alloy
Steel Nuts 5
B 454 Specification for Mechanically De-
posited Coatings of Cadmium and Zinc
on Ferrous Metals 6
2.2 American National Standards: 8
ANSI B1.1 Unified Screw Threads
ANSI BI8.2.1 Square and Hex Bolts and
3. Materials and Manufacture
3.1 Steel for bolts shall be made by the
open-hearth, basic-oxygen, or electric-furnace.
process.
, This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM
Committee F-16 on Fasteners, and is the direct responsi-
bility of Subcommittee F 16.02 on Steel Bolting.
Current edition approved Oct. 27, 1978. Published
December 1978. Originally published as A 307 - 47 T.
Last previous edition A 307 - 76 b.
2 For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applica-
tions see related Specification SA-307 in Section II of that
Code.
:l Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Part 4.
4 Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Part 3.

A, over l'lz to 4 in. A, heavy hex 5 Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Parts 1 and 4.

B, '/. to 4 in. A, heavy hex
" Nuts of other grades and styles having specified proof
load stresses (Specification A 563, Table 3) greater than
the specified grade and style of nut are also suitable.
"Annual Book ofASTM Standards, Parts 4 and 9.
1 Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Parts 1, 2, 3,4,5,
and 10.
B May be obtained from American National Standards
Institute, Inc., 1430 Broadway, New York, N. Y.10018.

261
 A 307.

3.2 Bolts may be produced by hot or cold" the baIt makes' full-siz~testii1g imprattical,
forging of the heads or machining from bar machined sp'ecimens shall be tested and 'shall
stock. conform to the requirements shown below:
3.3 Bolt threads may be rolled or cut. Elonga-
Tensile
3.4 When specified, galvanjzed bolts shall tion in 2
Strength, ksi in. or 50
be hot-dip zinc coated in accordance with the (MPa)
mm,%
requirements of Class C of Specification Gra~e A,a.nd Gr;fdeBbolts 60 (4;15} min 18 min
A 153. When specified by the purchaser to be GradeB bolts only 100 (690) mme
mech~niCally galvari:izM,boIts~,o'yered by this
In the event that baits are tested'by both full
specification shall be mechanically zinc coated
size and by machine test specimen methods,
and the coating and coated fasteners shall
the full-size test shall govern if a controversy
conform to the requirements for Class 50 of
between the two methods e.xists ..
,'$pecification B 454.!<?{,tO th~ poafingtpick- .•
SAPoi' Jjolts'oft'which'both hardness and
ness, adherence, and quality requirements for
tension tests are performed, acceptance based
Class C pf Specifica69~ A 153; . on,tensile ;requirements shall'take precedence
4. Chemical Requiremeuts in the event that there is contrbversy bverlbW
readings of hardness tests.
4.1 Steel shall conform to the following
cheinicalreqJifenients:' 6. Dimensions
Grade A Grade B 6.1 Unless otherwise specified, threads
Bolts Bolts shall be the Coarse Thread Series as specified
Phosphorus, max, % . 0.06 0.. 04 in the latest issue of ANSI B 1.1, having a
Sulfur, max, %.. ,', 0.15' 0.05 Class 2A tolerance. '
4.2 Resulfurized material is not subject to ',. ~'.2 Unless otherwise specifi~d, G~ade A
rejection bas'ed onprodilct analysis for sulfur. bolts shall be hex bolts with dimensions' as
4.3 Bolts are customarily furnished from gtven in theiatestissue 'of ANSI B 18.2.1.
stock, in which.case, individual heats of steel Unless otherwise specified, Grade B boits
cannot be identified. shall be heavy hex bolts with 'dimensions as
4.4 Application of heats of steel to which given in the latestissue of ANSI B 18.2~1.
bismuth, selenium, tellurium, or lead has 6.3 Unless otherwise specified, bolts to be
beendntentionally added shall not be permit- used with nuts or tapped holes which have
ted for Grade B bolts. been. tapped oversize, 111 accordance ,with
SpeCification A 563, shall have Class 2A
5. Mechanical Requirements threads before hot dip or mechanical gaIYan-
"'5.1 Bolts'shall not' exceed the maximum izing. After galvanizing, th6 ma~imum limit
hardness required in Table 1. Bolts ress than of pitch and major diameter may exceed the
three diameters in lepgth, or bolts with drilled Class 2A limit by th~ following amount:
or undersize heads shall have hardness values Diameter, in. Oversize Umit, in. (mm)A
riot less tllan.themiriimuriJ nbr'more than the Up to 7/16, inc! 0.016 (0.41)
maximum hardness limits required in Table 1, Over 7/16 to 1, inc! 0.021 (0.53)
Oved 0.031 (0.79)
as hardness is the only requirement.
,\ These values are the' same as the minimum' overtap-
5.2 Bolts Pis ip.. in diall).eter or less, ~ther ping required for galvanizedi riutsIn Specification A 563.
than those excepted in 4,.1 , shall be tested full
to
size and shall conform the reCjuireinentsf'or 6.4 The gaging limit for b.olts shall ;be
tensile strength specified in Table 2. verified during manufacture or ,us~ by assem-
5.3 Bolts larger than Pis in. iIi diameter, ,bly. of a nut tapp!:d as. nearly. as Prflctical to
other than those excepted in 4,1 ,shall pref- the amount oversize shown above. In case,pf
erably be tested full ~ize and when so tested, dispute, a calibrated thread ring .gage of that
shall conform to the requirements for tensile same size (Class X tolerance, gage tolerance
strength specified in :Table 2. When equip- plus), shall be used. Asserhblyof the gage, or
ment of sufficient capacIty,for fuH-size bolt the nut described above, must be possible
testing is not available, or when the l~ngth of . }Vith hand effort followipg application of l,ight

262
 ~~r~
machine oil to prevent galling and damage to
the gage. These inspections, when performed
to resolve disputes, shall be performed at the
frequency and quality described in Table 3.
7. Test Methods
7.1 The material shall be tested in accord-
ance with Supplement III of Methods and
A 370.
7.2 Standard square and hexagon bolts
only shall be tested by the wedge tension
method. Fracture shall be in the body or
threads of the bolt without any fracture at the
junction of the head and body. Other headed
boIts shall be tested by the axial tension
method.
7.3 Speed of testing as determined with a
free running crosshead shall be a maximum of
1 in. (25.4 mm )/min for the tensile strength
tests of bolts.
8. Number of Tests and Retests
8.1 The requirements of this specification
shall be met in continuous mass production
for stock, and the manufacturer shall make
sample inspections to ensure that the product
conforms to the specified requirements. Ad-
ditional tests of individual shipments of mate-
rial are not ordinarily contemplated. Individ-
ual heats of steel are not identified in the
finished product.
8.2 When specified in the order, the m~lO­
ufacturer shall furnish a test report certified
to be the last completed set of mechanical
tests for each stock size in each shipment.
8.3 When additional tests are specified on
the purchase order, a lot, for purposes of
selecting test samples, shall consist of all
material offered for inspection at one time
that has the following common characteristics:
8.J.l One type of item.
8.3.2 One nominal size, and
8.3.3 One nominal length of bolts.
8.4 From each lot, the number of tests for
each requirement shall be as follows:
263
A 307
Number of Pieces in Lot Number of Samples
800 and under 1
801 to 8 000 2
8 001 to 22 000 3
Over 22 000 5
8.5 If any machined test specimen shows
defective machining it may be discarded and
another specimen substituted.
8.6 Should any sample fail to meet the
requirements of a specified test, double the
number of samples from the same lot shall be
tested, in wiJich case all of the additional
samples shall meet the specification.
9. Marking
9.1 Bolt heads shall be marked (by raised
or depressed mark at the option of the manu-
facturer) to identify the manufacturer. The
manufacturer may use additional marking for
his own use.
10. Inspection
10.1 If the inspection described in 10.2 is
required by the purchaser it shall be specified
in the inquiry, order, or contract.
10.2 The inspector representing the pur-
chaser shall have free entry., at all times while
work on the contract of the purchaser is being
performed, to all parts of the manufacturer's
works that concern the manufacture of the
material ordered. The manufacturer shall af-
ford the inspector all reasonable facilities,
without charge, to satisfy him that the mate-
rial is being furnished in accordance with this
specification. All tests (except product analy-
sis) and inspection shall be made at the place
of manufacture prior to shipment, unless oth-
erwise specified, and shall be so conducted as
not to interfere unnecessarily with the opera-
tion of the works.
11. Rejection
11.1 Unless otherwise specified, any rejec-
tion based on tests specified herein shall be
reported to the manufacturer within 30 work-
ing days from the receipt of samples by the
purchaser ..
 A 307

TABLE 1 Hardness Requirements for Bolts TABLJi: 3 sample S.izes and Acceptance Num!lers for
Inspe,\jion of Hot Dip or l,\1echanically Galvanized Thr~.l!ds
Hardness
Bolt Size, Grade Brinell RockweIlB Lot Siz~ S,ample SizeA, B Acceptance
in. !,!umi:>er A
min max min max 2 to 90 13 i
121 241A 69 100 A 91 to 150 20 2
All A
B 121 ' :212 69 95 151 to 280 32 3
281 to 500 50 5
A Except when te~ted by wedge terision test. Salta i 200 80 7
1 201 to 3 200 125 10
3 201 to 10 000 200 14
T4BLE 2 TensiI.e Req!lirements for FuU-Size Bolts 10 001 and over 315 21
Tensile Strength, IbfB A Sample sizes of acceptance numbers are extracted
Bolt Threads Stress from "Single sampling ;Plan for Normal Inspection" Table
Size, AreaA , (}tade~ Grade; IIA" MJL-STD-105D.
in. per inch in. 2 AandB, Bo,,:, B Inspect ,all bolts in the lot if the lot size is less than the
minc rna sample size ..
1/4 20 0.0318 1900 3 180
sit. 18 0.0524 3 100 5 240
3/8 t"6 0.0775 4 650 7 750
71i. 14 0.1063 6'350 10 630

liz 13 0.1419 8 500 14 190

·It.
5/8
12
11
0.182
0.226
11 000
J3,.5S0
18 200
?2 600
3/4 10 0.334 20 050 33 400
7/S \I . ,0.462 27 700 46200

8 0.606 36 350 60 600

1'/8 7. 0.'763 45 800 76 300
1'/4 7 0.969 '58 150 <)6 900
1'/8 6 Ll-55 ' 69 300 115 500

1 liz 6 1.405 84 300 140 500

1'/4 5 1.90 114 000 ' 190 000
2 4112 : ,2.50, 150'000 250 000
21t4, ' 4 1/,; ,,3,25 195 000, ' 325 000

2 11z 4'"
" 4.00 240 000 ' 400 000
23 /4 " ..
'4;:· ,';;'4.93' 295800: 493 000
3 ,4!' 5,97, :j ,358 200 597 000
3i;~" , ,4 7.10 426 000 710 '000

3 1/z' ' 4 8.33 499'800 ; '833 000

, ,33/4 'i" ,'4
"
JM6 ;579.liOO I' 966 000
4 ,,.4- }1.Q~
"
661aoo J 108 000
,:A 'Area ;caiculated frorn the formula: "
As = 0.7854 [D - (O.9743/n)]' '
. " ~ .' 1

where:
As = stress are~,
D == .noiniriaHliifme\er of'l:iolt; aild ' : I ) , .' ~ i

;d'!: I =; ,thr,elld~ ~,r jnch.; /' 1 ' i ' " " II' II ;!ff;()j;
, HLlbf=4.,448N.",', "', ""'1,,"',
.; c'~ase~lb'ri'66'1¥(41'4\MPa)':','"
P;: 'l"Baseildil:100,ksi (689'MPa)'.;,J
:'r d1 'r ). . ~ I!. ! i ~ r: '. '(
The American Society for Testing and Materials takes no position respecting the validity of any patent righ;; 'a~~erted in
connection with any item mentioned in this standard. Users of this standard are expressly adVised that determination of the
validity of any such patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, is entirely their own responsibility.

This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responSible technical committee and must be reviewed every five
years and if not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or
for additional standards and should be addressed to ASTM Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration
at a meeting of the responsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received
a fair hearing you should make your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, 1916 Race St., Philadelphia, Pa.
19103, which will schedule a further hearing regarding your comments. Failing satisfaction there, you may appeal to the
ASTM Board of Directors.

264