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MAYO uD o, WIT ang SUIBNIOS Jo Bio} SHU! : yxOd =6 07240} FOB sug nef 3nq uoRANIos ssutoUD 9141 SNA (a9) Satsnas 9910 O=h YOUaHO A Fad) (#4) saifsu0s Fl auis 3a eur Jo YORNjos O91 (WH © xX TO cone yOu kG) SF oxce = Ow ugianjoe qaeusb Pxo =F ad out saysitos |~a2- Ro your MOUS FX (we) wEx4 yes dy= O => Y= Inixl+e YlO)=O % NO saUtION since it is NOt defined at x=O = nonexistence of a solution Ex® ylsavg 3 Ny Sore Vyg=x+e 3 eae’ yl©)=0 3 C=O 3 Yy=x2, y=O Snot a unque Solution EXISTENCE -8 UNIQUENESS OF SOLUTIONS Assume thot £14) and its partial derivative Dyf buy) ore. continuous on some rectangle R in the xy-plane thot contains the point (ab) in is interior Then , for gome open interval I containing the point @ the INOL Value Problem gY = fixiy)) yla)=b has one and Only ONE solution on L ox Ge Exh: fluy)=+ and fy INP has infinitely many Solutions x OD - dy, ylo)=b Aes io) 4 NP has no solution if oFO xdu-oy, yla)=b dx Cees # A+0 = uN.SOL 2° 0-0-0. 5 inf many sol * A=0,5+0 > no 6OL¢ wg 49 WOH ¥ é Xan é uly agers eda S asauyr MO}}O4 (or oay.n<6 Dt KA = An Woy & = (AR oes Seca xpnnfe (anpy : xe a=3P Puxot pfiraaiB huxy n= (Anys ¥ * Nn=AWn +Bn a=xp J+ fips © wn al es 4038Uly aqoiades wows? =QQn=4 (Amgen € Bps0 ei 2 : Hf N= *X(onuthpws ) NUE BAW (URN FN ea Ac : xO w= pp ou tfews ar & W=FH R Berns FighEn A) anne wa NE OWNER u- a (ABE AXHN Fal FN =A Jt NA, HED AP LEOD oe FIN +R H = (FH) aed Regn : o=xp Pal FocAnon ublan=FoontG oe es ee xeny =FeWl po} yw! a xpooneFo fin GON = Reon ap fomnnisans a“ ®oin Wann ae NTI x (fm = AB - 3G VEAGzO ISyEX: Seve ylay=e%, yo)=A hinéar 46t order 3 Ry! 2py= He = (Hy)! (Hy)'= HYy'+ Hy = Hy!-apy = Hl=-2h 9 ee 3 INH= ~ax = He e-2% (e-2ky iis eax ek 3 e-My = (eMay » etxye-Le Me Sys. $ eX; ce2x a a BX YO=4 5 4=-4tC Sca4ln 3 Ue oe os +e Ex: 6244) ge + 3xXy=6xX Lin. Ist order yle 2k y- 6X > He 07+1)92 5 y=arcuty 22 X44 X44 ie y a) Ex: byes) dit = 4 x 5 ig ee" 2 Ie Chin tet ord) 3 (hx)! = BxI- Mx = Hye 5 (Ux)!= Bx Hx = HX BX He-H a dit = -dy 4 Int=-g 3 Heed (e9x)' = ya e¥x= fyoy=Lyrte 3 x= Lyret+ced THEOREM: If Mix) and Nod are cont on the open int I containing the point Xo, then the IvP $8 + Muxdy =NO 1 Yu) =Yo hae a unique Solution ytx) on I given by Yo): eh [ (weak dx +c| for an appropriate Value of c.| Ex Se = -2xy 1 ylo)=2 — (sep.d.e) oY = ax cx 3 inlyl=-x4¢ . -K 2 Yl0)= 290 near x=0 3 In g2-*4e 3 yse* Le ays ace%* ye Cox yl22 3 224e% 5 Az2e ys2e%" Suppose that y(0)=-2 Then ysO near x=0 3 bnvy)=x2+e 3 -ys eX 3 Be Bers YlO)e-2% -22-Ae® 5 Azra = ys -2e% ay. S224 (Zen, de) ax 3y2-8 (32.5) dy = (42x) dx 3 yo-5y = 4y-x4c Limp -sol) lz YU) 23 3 D-B=A-de 929 y YRBYy=Avvrd Ex: ov se =c057y, Yu) (sep. de) dy ox 3 tany= VX+C gen Sol. Cimpl SOL.) costy aK aA a ylu) sry > tapettia) -Aitse 4 cat 3 tongs Vaee part sol Ex, ey2s du gy -ie=xte 3 y= -tL gen bot eel y UE aro a aed X40 Sec) Y=0 3 O=0 a Y=0:8IM9-8 (- 240 for any choice of c)= In(v242) = Lnixlt+Lne 3 V242= Clxi ey 3 a D= CIX) 3 Yyr+ax2=207x3 (xL0 5 c20, x>0 9.670) x Ex: x au = Yt VY? | Ulxe) 201 Xo>0 aa. ee 4~ (94% hom.eq 3 Bev, Yexv Vexvis v4 Ji-v2 3 xveVIN? = dY = dx Nevo Sinttvs Inxec 3 sin einare YOe) =O % O= Inxo+e 5 c= -Inx0 3 sist = Inx-Inxo aya x Y= X sin (ln) Bx: JY. XY-' gone tne de by finding hand k 50 that OX X+0+3 the substitutions x=uth Y =V4+k transform it into the nom. eq PY - UV , du~ ua Gv 2 Uaneveeet evel Aco) 7 pnd oiyeciss du Uthyevtk +3 Uusveheead ” hzk+320 j ke-B sg yev-z dv ~ IHvlu) M=i%3 VeuU2 dup ari) | ow 2 a 4-23-97 442 da 2 du ote 5 ple 12 23 = 4 _ d2= A+ 44% 42” 4-03-32 = (ya) 4 pln |493-24= Inlulsine 3h.aa-24)= 4 a) age ee ay xa Gant 2 0a)®Ex: 2x yy!= 4x24 3y2 3 Blox sg¥ 4 Yat ye 2xy! Bernal ax g x Nak xs 3 oo den) yy? = = Au _ 6 yr = Gnm)yP= ays ay ou Gy? = 4x Vey =y? 2 Vin bv = bx (unear Ast order) vl & v= 4px a (Py)'=Hvl4Hive pvl- BH ees Sue etl or =-6 eXeo i bela aca 6InxX 3 Hex OV bx Fy ehyx-8 9 Uxey)'s bed 6 ve-xHHC Va-K24 Cx6 zy y2=-X24.0x6 ER X90 + 6y= 3xy' s dd +6y = 3yt® | Bem. eq N=4/3a-n=-I2 Hn) yne— 4 yt Ha ld Com ge § Gar 5g yay 24 Ve yhns yal eyes mea (ist ord. Lin) fa zhv=-4 = (Hy)'= Bv'+HV = Dx (Mv) Bis -2 3 ae -2dx 3 InHs Inx® 5 fee re Dy OPPN) = = XR x2yect4e 9 vex+ex? 3 ye = x+ex2. 9 Y= (x4ex2)-9Ex: y2dxs Sxyrdy=o0 (+) M=ye , N= xy? 3 My=Sy7=Nx lexact de) Mes fy=4> , N= fy= 3xy? a fig) = xyP+hly) > Sxy24 hy) = xy? 3 hiy)=0 3 hly)ee ee xy>4c 3 xy8-¢ 3 ys kx? Pay attention : YOX+Sxdy=O0 Not exact (divide Oe) by Yy?) Ex: Céxy-y3) dx+ (4y+ 3x2 3xy2) dy =O = code ie =N My= 6x-dy2, Nx= 6x-3y> 3 My=Nx (exact de) M= fxs 6xy-y> , Nefy = 4y +3x2-3xy2 9 fOuy) = 3x2y-yOx + nly) F 4Y4 3x2. Bxy2 = OK-By2x +h'ly) a hly)= 2240 = flu) = Sx y-Y2x+ Ay? = e((Ard=d 5 (md 2d be SH 4ep10 39) : ‘ba inp S20 4s a o=( gp eid Aya & a=(.d'dixyt & fie xp fp _ XP xO x ap d= Ap ao + ap ch © aps Bad Ge =P © O5=fed OF (RAIA) a= RR IDS Bugs x SIGOHOR epTSCapa aissiw ft SqDIIDN LBP f = OF GRA AMS ‘eg dscquo GgNooss sagndzEx: xy"+2y'=6x 3 y 1s missing pzyl= $2 3 pee 1 px) x ge + 2p=6x (linear. 1st order) x d 2p- ' 2p= CHpy = helt Be My es Es a = dx 3 ines 2lnx =lnx*3 Hex? y2p's 2x p= 6x2 (x2p)!<6x% 3 fdtx?p) =f6x%dx 3 Pp Wry > #99 2 2x94 afay= {lao 3) dx aye 0-2 +O Ex yy"=(y))? = x is missing pzyl ait = yi de - ge du =p 4% , py) J Inp=Inyt+inc, 3 p=a-Y y>0, p>o) yp ab = pra y SB =p a SP = St cop de) ou =ay 3 a. a dx 3 INY = Gx4Ca ay: elX*C2 = eCik ola _, yskeX ¥Note: Even if k4O (y20) the de 1S still satisfied