Signals

Data can be analog or digital. An example of a analog data is the human voice. When
someone speaks, an analog wave is created in the air. This can be captured by a
microphone and converted to an analog signal or sampled later and converted to a
digital signal.

An example of a digital data is stored in the memory of a computer in the form of bits. It
can be converted to digital signal when it is transferred from one position to another
inside or outside the computer or modulated into analog signal and then sent through a
transmission medium to another computer via modem.

The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) allows a bandwidth of 10 KHz for

each AM station. AM stations are allowed carrier frequencies anywhere between 530
and 1700 KHz. However, each station’s carrier frequency must be separated from
those on either side of it by at least 10 KHz or one AM station to avoid interference. If
one station uses a carrier frequency of 1100 KHz, the next station’s carrier frequency
cannot be lower than 1110 KHz

Likewise, the FCC allows a bandwidth of 200 KHz for each FM station. FM stations are
allowed carrier frequencies anywhere between 88 and 108 MHz on either side of it to
keep their bandwidths from overlapping.