Importance of Capping

Prior to performing compressive strength tests on cylindrical concrete specimens, it’s important to
understand both of the most popular options for preparing the cylinder ends. Proper end preparation
ensures that the ends of concrete test cylinders or cores have smooth, parallel bearing surfaces
perpendicular to the applied axial load to assure uniform distribution of forces during testing. ASTM
C617 is a method using molten sulfur mortar to form bonded caps. ASTM C1231 specifies the
procedure to use unbonded neoprene pads in metal retaining rings. No matter which method you
choose, specific criteria should comply with ASTM C39 specifications for planeness and
perpendicularity of specimens. Be sure to scroll down below the infographic for a brief overview of
each method as well as necessary equipment.

Sulfur Mortar Capping

Overview:
Capping of concrete cylinders and drilled concrete cores with sulfur mortar or other capping
compounds prepares specimens for compressive strength testing. Specifically, this procedure
provides plane surfaces perpendicular to the specimen axis to evenly distribute loading forces. As
noted in ASTM C617, sulfur mortar may be used to test specimens with greater compressive
strengths than its own with user verification. When using this method, it’s important to periodically
check for voids by tapping hardened caps with the edge of a coin and listening. Capped cylinders
must cure for at least two hours prior to testing or for 16 hours if design strength is 5,000psi
(35MPa) or greater.
Neoprene Pads and Metal Retaining Rings
Overview
Neoprene Pads, or Pad Caps are ideal for tests between 1,500 and 7,000psi, but can also be used for
concrete strengths up to 12,000psi with proper verification by the user as noted in ASTM C1231.
These pads spread the compressive force evenly across specimen surfaces. Durometer hardness of
neoprene pads must be matched to the design strength range of the concrete.

Whether you use the sulfur mortar capping method or neoprene pads with metal retainer rings,
proper end preparation guarantees that concrete test cylinder ends or cores have smooth, parallel
bearing surfaces for uniform distribution of forces during testing.

Reference : https://www.globalgilson.com/compressive-strength-testing-sulfur-capping-or-
neoprene-pads