Biomolecules Worksheet

Name:____________________________________Period:_____Date:__________

PART 1: Organic Chemistry:

A functional group in a molecule gives the molecule its distinctive properties. Find the functional groups in the
following structural formulas. Circle the functional group(s) and write the functional group name(s) on the first
line. Then write the chemical formula on the second line.

1._________________________ 2._________________________

__________________________ ___________________________

3._________________________ 4._________________________

__________________________ ___________________________

IDENTIFY THE FOLLOWING ISOMERS (STRUCTURAL, GEOMETRIC, ENANTIOMERS)

5. Which of the following are STRUCURAL ISOMERS ____________________

1
6. Label the following as structural, geometric, enantiomers, or neither

PART 2: BUILDING A MACROMOLECULE: All living thinks make large molecules, called
macromolecules, from smaller molecules. Macromolecules can be made from a few repeating units, or can be
composed of hundreds or thousands of smaller molecules. Each macromolecule has properties quite different from
the units of which it is composed. Study the diagrams below, which show carbohydrate molecules. Beside each
molecule, write its name followed by whether it’s a mono, di, or poly, saccharide.

1._______________________ 2._________________________

2
3.________________________________

4. What is the function of #1 in our bodies?

5. What is the function of #3 in our bodies?

6. What is the name of the chemical process that joined the disaccharide and the polysaccharide?
______________________________________

7. What is the name of the bond that forms when two monosaccharide’s join? ______________________

PART 3: DEGREE OF SATURATION: Each of the following structural formulas shows a fatty acid
molecule. On the line, identify the fatty acid as saturated, unsaturated, or polyunsaturated.

1. What are the two molecules that form to make a fat molecule?

2. Define a saturated fatty acid.

3. Define an unsaturated fatty acid.

3
 4.______________________

5._____________________

6._____________________

PART 4: SYNTHESIS-ANAYLZING MACROMOLECULES: Study the diagram below and then answer
the following questions.

+ + +

4
1. What are the reactants(Chemical Formulas)?____________________________________

2. What are the products?_____________________________________

3. What chemical process occurred in order to create this protein?_________________

a. How do you know?_______________________________________________

4. Circle the peptide bonds. How many peptide bonds are present?_____

5. How many molecules of water are produced in order to form a single peptide bond?__________

PART 5: SUMMARY:

Biomolecule Carbohydrates Lipids Proteins Nucleic Acids

Monomer

Polymer

Function

Functional
Group(s)

Elements

Examples