HVDC Problems

PSEC 655 – November 2013

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HVDC Problems
Converter Operation - 1

Using provided phase-to ground and line-to-line voltage

plots,, p
p please draw converter line currents,, dc voltage,
g ,
and valve voltage for:

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1. rectifier with α=0, μ=0

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2. rectifier with α =30, μ =15
3. inverter with β=45, μ =15

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Siemens Power Academy TD – NA, Applications for Power Electronics in Transmission Systems (HVDC, FACTS) and Wind 3-1
Power (PETS)
HVDC Problems
Load Flow Problem DC1
1. Case in SAVNW_DS.SAV. Solve the system using activity FNSL with the
default options (Taps locked, all Solution Options disabled, and Var Limits
applied automatically).
automatically)
2. Determine MW power flow along the line between buses 152 and 3004.
Replace this line by the HVDC of the same capacity.
3. To calculate HVDC parameters, assume the following:
 Both rectifier and inverter transformers have two windings and 20% reactance

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 Both rectifier and inverter have one 100 kV bridge on the dc side
 The dc line has a ground return, losses in the dc pole do not exceed 2.25% of

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its rated capacity
 The operating angles of the converters are:
-rectifier: ALFA = 10o
-inverter:
inverter: GAMMA= 15o

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 There is no additional equipment installed to compensate for the reactive
power consumed by converters.

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Siemens Power Academy TD – NA, Applications for Power Electronics in Transmission Systems (HVDC, FACTS) and Wind 3-2
Power (PETS)
Load Flow Problem DC1 (continued)
4. Solve the system using activity FNSL with the
default options. Save the case as
SAVNWHVDC1 SAV
SAVNWHVDC1.SAV

5. Make sure angles ALFA and GAMMA are within the

given
i range. Did HVDC transformer
t f taps
t move??

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6. Find buses with degraded voltage. Why did it
happen? How did the swing bus and HVDC control

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respond to the shortage of reactive power?

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7. At buses 152 and 3004, install install capacitors at
buses 152 and 3004 to increase the HVDC terminal
power factor to unity. Compare voltage profile in
this and base cases. Save the case as

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SAVNWHVDC1_corr.SAV
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Power (PETS)
 Load Flow Problem DC2

1. Case in SAVNW_ds.SAV and solve the system using activity FNSL

with the default options.

2. To find the alternative engineering solution, insert an HVDC back-to-

back of the same capacity as the HVDC from the problem DC1 into
the line between 152 and 3004 at 67% of its lengthg from the bus
152. Install the 80 MVA capacitors in tertiary winding of

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transformers as shown in the attached diagram.

3 To calculate HVDC parameters,

3. parameters assume the short circuit reactance

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between transformer windings as X12=0.3, X13=0.15, X23=0.25 on
the transformer secondary (valve) winding base.

4. Solve the system using activity FNSL with the default options. Save

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the case as SAVNWHVDC2.SAV

5 Check voltage around the system and a power factor of the station.
5. station

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Why is the voltage profile much better than in the previous problem?
Siemens Power Academy TD – NA, Applications for Power Electronics in Transmission Systems (HVDC, FACTS) and Wind 3-4
Power (PETS)
Load Flow Problem DC2

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152

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Siemens Power Academy TD – NA, Applications for Power Electronics in Transmission Systems (HVDC, FACTS) and Wind 3-5
Power (PETS)
Dynamic Problem DC3
1. Prepare the dynamic setup using the converted
SAVNWHVDC1.SAV load flow case. Convert loads in
routine way.

2. Create the all_plusCDC4.dyr dynamic data input file

including all data of the original case supplemented by
data of the CDC4T dynamic model using the datasheet
attached.
attached

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3. Input the dynamic data, save the snapshot as
SAVNWHVDC1.SNP.

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4. Select angles of machines 101 and 211, voltage and angle
at bus 152, inverter DC voltage, DC current, and MW
power at the rectifier side for plotting. You may use the
response file addChannels.idv.
addChannels idv

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5. Increase inertia of machine at bus 3011 to 3000 seconds
and that of machine at bus 206 to 2500 seconds to
increase “stiffness”
stiffness of external systems.
systems

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6. Save the snapshot as SAVNWHVDC1_CHAN.SNP
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Power (PETS)
Dynamic Problem DC3 (continued)
6. After “flat” (no disturbance) run for 0.1 seconds (6 cycles) apply
3-phase fault at bus 154 for 6 cycles. Fault clearing is
accompanied
p byy opening
p g circuit 1 of line 153-154. Run p post-
disturbance to 15 seconds.
7. Note that rectifier loses and gains its ability to control power
because of the low initial ALFA=10.54 degrees. A margin is
needed if HVDC is used to improve the system stability.
stability
8. Modify savnwHVDC1.sav case to change the initial angle to

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ALFA=25 degrees. Save the case as savnwHVDC1-1.sav. Convert
this case and save it as savnwHVDC1-1_conv.sav.
9
9. Si l t the
Simulate th same transient
t i t and d plot
l t the
th same variables.
i bl Make
M k

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sure of the improved rectifier controllability.

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© 2012 Siem
Siemens Power Academy TD – NA, Applications for Power Electronics in Transmission Systems (HVDC, FACTS) and Wind 3-7
Power (PETS)
Dynamic Problem DC4:
Application of the Auxiliary Signal Model

1. Add the HVDCAT general purpose auxiliary signal model to the

savnwHVDC1_chan.snp/savnwHVDC1-1_conv.sav setup using addHVDCAT.dyr.
 The same can be done by means of the dynamic data editor. Use power flow in the line 152-
201-1 as an input.
 Add output channels for auxiliary signal input of the CDC4T and output for HVDCAT. Save
the snapshot as savnw_HVDC1-1_chan.snp.
** HVDCAT ** RECVNG. DEVICE AUX. C O N S S T A T E S V A R S I C O N S

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DEVICE INDEX/NAME SIGNAL
TYPE INDEX

2TermDC 1 1 200-215 66-70 49-51 30-33

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MININ MAXIN K T1 A T2 T3 B
0.0000 600.0000 -10.0000 0.1000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000

T4 T5 C D E F MINOUT MAXOUT
1.0000 1.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 -250.0000 250.0000

INPUT SIGNAL CODE: 2

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BUS 'i' NUMBER: 152
BUS 'j' NUMBER: 202
ICON(I+3): 1

Warning:
g this is a qualitative
q example
p for illustration p
purpose
p only!
y

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Dynamic Problem DC4: Application of the
Auxiliary Signal Model (continued)

2. Simulate the same transient as above. Make sure of the effect of the HVDC power
modulation on the rotor movement.

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