ARCHITECTURAL STYLES AND APPROACHES

Contemporary architecture is the architecture of the 21st century. No single style is dominant;
contemporary architects are working in a dozen different styles, from postmodernism and high-
tech architecture to highly conceptual and expressive styles, resembling sculpture on an
enormous scale. The different styles and approaches have in common the use of very
advanced technology and modern building materials, such as Tube structure which allows
construction of the buildings that are taller, lighter and stronger than those in the 20th century,
and the use of new techniques of computer-aided design, which allow buildings to be designed
and modeled on computers in three dimensions, and constructed with more precision and
speed.
The Tallest Buildings in
the World
 The Tallest Buildings in the World (For Now)

MAY 23, 2016

21. Jin Mao Tower, Shanghai (1,380 feet)

Shanghai boasts three towers on this list. The Jin Mao Tower features retail and office space and
hosts the Grand Hyatt Shanghai on floors 53 to 87 (it’s not even the highest hotel in Shanghai; we’ll
get to that later in the slideshow). Cool fact? The building boasts the world’s longest laundry chute.

20. Trump International Hotel and Tower, Chicago (1,389 feet)

We will not go into politics here. We’ll just discuss the building. The Trump Tower is a recent
addition to the Chicago skyline and enjoys a prime riverfront location right on ritzy Michigan
Avenue. The mostly residential and hotel-dedicated skyscraper offers amazing views and, before
plans were scaled back, was at one point slotted to become the world’s tallest building.
Roberto Machado Noa/LightRocket via Getty Images

19. 432 Park Avenue, New York City (1,397 feet)

This building actually has the highest roof in New York City, but it doesn’t have a spire like the
Empire State Building and One World Trade Center do. The whitish tower has 88 above -ground
floors, 104 condominium units, and the title of “tallest residential buildin g in the world.” We’re
assuming it’s not a walkup.

18. Marina 101, Dubai (1,399 feet)

Sorry, 432 Park, your run as tallest residential building will be short-lived, as Dubai’s Marina
101(of the two tallest buildings in this shot, it's the one on the left still under construction) will take
over once people actually move in (although NYC will get the title back once the Central Park
Tower is completed). It’s been topped out; the 30-plus-story Hard Rock Hotel and luxury residences
are being installed now.
© Adrian Smith + Gordon Gill Architecture

17. Wuhan Center, Wuhan, China (1,437 feet)

Like Marina 101, Wuhan Center is topped out but not yet occupied. Set near both a lake and the
Yangzhi River, it is inspired by and resembles a sailing vessel. Its sustainable design signals a growing
focus on reducing pollution in China.

Getty Images/AWL Images RM

16. Guangzhou International Finance Center, Guangzhou, China (1,440 feet)

The third-largest city in China has its own version of twin towers, with this stunner being the
shorter of the two. As you might guess from its name, it serves primarily as an office building,
though it houses a high-in-the-sky Four Seasons. Like Wuhan Center, it’s got a sleek, rounded look.
15. KK100, Shenzhen, China (1,449 feet)

Kinda kool name, huh? The title is an abbreviation of owner and developer Kingkey Real Estate,
which topped out the skyscraper in 2011. The slim, rounded design keeps up the Chinese trend.
A St. Regis Hotel occupies the upper floors of this otherwise commercial building.

Getty Images/AWL Images RM

14. Willis Tower, Chicago (1,451 feet)

The Big Willie, as locals call it, was for years the tallest building in the world and known as the
Sears Tower. No more, but it’s still the second-tallest in America and an icon of Chicago’s epic
skyline. It’s little brother, the Hancock Tower, shares the pitchfork-top design associated with the
Windy City.
13. Zifeng Tower, Nanjing (1,476 feet)

This spired tower was built specifically to withstand strong earthquakes. It has what resemble
sections and looks a bit like some Tetris pieces stacked together. The tower is home to
the InterContinental Nanjing.

11. (tie). Petronas Towers, Kuala Lumpur (1,483 feet)

The tallest set of twin towers in the world was actually the pair of the tallest buildings period from
1998 until 2004. The majestic skyscrapers ooze a distinctly Malaysian design and are connected by
a two-story skybridge a full 558 feet above the ground. The towers provide office space and
feature a large shopping mall below them.
Getty Images

10. International Commerce Centre, Hong Kong (1,588 feet)

The tallest building in one of the world’s most stunning skylines, the ICC has towered over Hong
Kong since 2010. It’s far more than an office building: It hosts a shopping mall, a 101st -floor
restaurant, and the highest hotel in the world: Ritz-Carlton Hong Kong (which has a bar and
swimming pool on floor 118, making them both the highest of their kind as well).

JOHANNES EISELE/AFP/Getty Images

9. Shanghai World Financial Center, Shanghai (1,614 feet)

Or as we like to call it, The Bottle Opener—though it wasn’t constructed to look like one.
According to The Skyscraper Center, the tower was “shaped by the intersection of two sweeping
arcs and a square prism—shapes representing ancient Chinese symbols of heaven and earth,
respectively.” So that explains the unique design. The tower also hosts the world’s second -highest
hotel, the Park Hyatt Shanghai.
LightRocket via Getty Images

8. Taipei 101, Taipei (1,670 feet)

This Taiwanese tower looks like a supertall pagoda and was the tallest building in the world upon its
completion in 2004. Taipei 101 and the surrounding area put on a dazzling display every New Year,
and it is the tallest building green building in the world (meaning it received LEED Platinum
Certification).

Getty Images

7. CTF Finance Centre, Guangzhou, China (1,740 feet)

The taller and younger of Guangzhou’s twin towers, the CTF Finance Centre is set to house the new
highest hotel in the world when Rosewood opens a facility on the top 16 floors in 2017. It and its
“twin” are not identical; this design has more edges and rectangular themes than its counterpart.
Getty Images

6. One World Trade Center, New York City (1,776 feet)

The number 1,776 is no coincidence; built to symbolize freedom and resilience, One World Trade
Center even stands at a patriotic height. With its spire, it stands as the tallest building in the Western
Hemisphere, and it rises up over New York’s 9/11 Memorial and is just across the street from
Travel + Leisure’s headquarters.

5. Lotte World Tower, Seoul (1,823 feet)

This brand new skyscraper towers high over South Korea’s capital and hosts a wide variety of
tenants ranging from movie theaters to an “officetel,” a mixed residential and commercial zone
where people can both work and live. Like many newer skyscrapers, its design features a sleek
focus on glass and metal.
Getty Images

4. Ping An Finance Centre, Shenzhen, China (1,965 feet)

This new stainless steel beauty evokes the classic streamlined-and-spired skyscraper look. It gives
Shenzhen the second-tallest building in China. A smaller adjacent tower is currently under
construction and will be connected to by a bridge.

Getty Images/arabianEye

3. Abraj Al-Bait Clock Tower, Mecca (1,971 feet)

Also known as the Makkah Royal Clock Tower, this majestic work of architecture rises up in
Islam’s holy city of Mecca, within walking distance of the Grand Mosque. The Abraj Al -Bait
complex features several towers to house the thousands of pilgrims who flock to the city. The clock
tower is the highest of them and displays the four largest and highest clock facades in the world.
2. Shanghai Tower, Shanghai (2,073 feet)

The second-tallest building in the world and the second to break the incredible 2,000-foot barrier.
It’s a smooth, swirly, eco-friendly building—a sort of green Twizzler, you might say—and
completes a trio of Shanghai towers on this list. It’s been called a “vertical city,” complete with
“neighborhoods” and indoor gardens in addition to its variety of commercial, retail and hotel space.

Getty Images/iStockphoto

1. Burj Khalifa, Dubai (2,717 feet)

And here we are at last, the tallest building in the world. Almost 700 feet taller than its closest
competitor, the Burj Khalifa pierces the clouds and incorporates design influenced by the desert
flower Hymenocallis and Islamic architecture. It houses the world’s highest nightclub, the world’s
highest restaurant, and the world’s highest observation deck. And it is, for now at least, the tallest
structure ever built.

Source: http://www.travelandleisure.com/culture-design/architecture-design/tallest-buildings-in-the-world
FAMOUS WORKS OF GLOBAL ARCHITECTS AFTER WORLD WAR II

Frank Lloyd Wright

(born Frank Lincoln Wright, June 8, 1867 – April 9, 1959) was an American architect, interior
designer, writer and educator, who designed more than 1,000 structures, 532 of which were
completed. Wright believed in designing structures that were in harmony with humanity and its
environment, a philosophy he called organic architecture. This philosophy was best exemplified
by Fallingwater (1935), which has been called "the best all-time work of American
architecture".[1] His creative period spanned more than 70 years.

GUGGENHEIM, NEW YORK. FALLINGWATER,

PENNSYLVANIA
FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT HOME, ILLINOIS UNITY TEMPLE, ILLINOIS

HOLLYLOCK HOUSE, CALIFORNIA ENNIS HOUSE,

CALIFORNIA

PRICE TOWER OKLAHOMA SC JOHNSON RESEARCH TOWER, WISCONSIN

JACOBS HOUSE, WISCONSIN TALIESIN, WISCONSIN

MARIN COUNTY CIVIC CENTER, CALIFORNIA ANNUNCIATION GREEK ORTHODOX CHURCH,
WISCONSIN

LEWIS HOUSE, CALIFORNIA IMPERIAL HOTEL, JAPAN

BETH SHOLOM CONGREGATION, PENNSYLVANIA ROBBIE HOUSE, ILLINOIS

FIRST UNITARIAN SOCIETY, WISCONSIN DANA THOMAS HOUSE, ILLINOIS

KENTUCK KNOB, PENNSYLVANIA MEYER MAY HOUSE, MICHIGAN

Ludwig Mies van der Rohe (/miːs/ MEES; German: [miːs];

born Maria Ludwig Michael Mies; March 27, 1886 – August 17, 1969) was a German-
American architect.[1] He is commonly referred to and was addressed as Mies, his surname.
Along with Le Corbusier, Walter Gropius and Frank Lloyd Wright, he is widely regarded as one
of the pioneers of modernist architecture.

URBIG HOUSE AFRIKANISCHE STRAßE 39 13351 BERLIN, GERMANY

WEIßENHOFSIEDLUNG BARCELONA PAVILLION

LANGE AND ESTERS HOUSES BAUHAUS BERLIN

VILLA TUGENDHAT LEMKE HOUSE

ILLINOIS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY PROMONTORY APARTMENTS

FARNSWORTH HOUSE S.R. CROWN HALL

SEAGRAM BUILDING LAFAYETTE PARK

NEUE NATIONALGALERIE
Charles-Édouard Jeanneret,
known as Le Corbusier (French: [lə kɔʁbyˈzje]; 6 October 1887 – 27 August 1965), was
a Swiss-Frencharchitect, designer, painter, urban planner, writer, and one of the pioneers of
what is now called modern architecture. He was born in Switzerland and became a French
citizen in 1930. His career spanned five decades and he designed buildings in Europe, Japan,
India, and North and South America

NOTRE DAME DU HAUT, RONCHAMP, SAINT-PIERRE, FIRMINY,

FRANCE, 1954. FRANCE, COMPLETED 2006.

PALACE OF ASSEMBLY, CHANDIGARH, THE CITÉ RADIEUSE,

MARSEILLE, FRANCE, 1952 .

VILLA SAVOYE, POISSY, FRANCE, 1931. THE NATIONAL MUSEUM OF WESTERN

ART, TOKYO, 1959.
LA MAISON BLANCHE, LA CHAUX-DE-FONDS, HEIDI WEBER PAVILION—CENTER LE CORBUSIER,
ZURICH, 1967.

Walter Adolph Georg Gropius (18 May 1883 – 5 July 1969)

was a German architect and founder of the Bauhaus School,[1] who, along with Ludwig Mies van der
Rohe, Le Corbusier and Frank Lloyd Wright, is widely regarded as one of the pioneering masters
of modernist architecture.

FAGUS FACTORY SOMMERFELD HOUSE

MASTERS' HOUSES GROPIUS HOUSE

ALAN I W FRANK HOUSE ALUMINUM CITY TERRACE

GROPIUSSTADT U.S. EMBASSY IN ATHENS

THE PAN AM BUILDING PORTO CARRAS

Louis Henry Sullivan

(September 3, 1856 – April 14, 1924)[1] was an American architect, and has been called the "father
of skyscrapers"[2] and "father of modernism".[3] He is considered by many as the creator of the
modern skyscraper, was an influential architect and critic of the Chicago School, was a mentor
to Frank Lloyd Wright, and an inspiration to the Chicago group of architects who have come to be
known as the Prairie School. Along with Wright and Henry Hobson Richardson, Sullivan is one of
"the recognized trinity of American architecture".[4] "Form follows function" is attributed to him
although he credited the origin of the concept to an ancient Roman architect. In 1944, he was the
second architect to posthumously receive the AIA Gold Medal.

The Carson Pirie Scott Building in The Guaranty Building in Buffalo, New York.
Chicago, Illinois.

The Wainwright Building in St Louis, Missouri NATIONAL FARMERS BANK, HELVETICA

AUDITORIUM THEATRE OF ROOSEVELT UNIVERSITY

GETTY TOMB KRAUSE MUSIC STORE

PRE WAR PERIOD
Konstantin Stepanovich Melnikov
(Russian: Константин Степанович Мельников; August 3 [O.S. July 22] 1890 – November 28,
1974) was a Russian architect and painter. His architectural work, compressed into a single decade
(1923–33), placed Melnikov on the front end of 1920s avant-garde architecture. Although associated
with the Constructivists, Melnikov was an independent artist,[1] not bound by the rules of a particular
style or artistic group. In 1930s, Melnikov refused to conform with the rising Stalinist architecture[citation
needed][dubious – discuss]
, withdrew from practice and worked as a portraitist and teacher until the end of his
life.

NOVO SUKHAREVSKY MARKET, 1924 THE RUSAKOV MUNICIPAL WORKERS

CLUB, 1927

KAUCHUK FACTORY CLUB, 1927 DOROGOMILOVSK CHEMICAL PLANT

WORKERS, 1927

THE KS MELNIKOV RESIDENTIAL SVOBODA FACTORY CLUB, 1929

BUILDING, 1929
BUS DEPOT FOR INTURIST, 1933 THE GOSPLAN GARAGE, 1934