Rolls Royce Insights 2018 Issue 32

Issue 32 ● March 2018
Cool
runnings
Polar research vessels chart new
waters in sustainability
Pages 18-21
12-13
Ship Intelligence
28-29
Naval
36-39
Technology
New partnerships with Google Innovative handling system helps Propeller combination is a smart
and the European Space Agency solve space problem on Type 26 solution to a complex problem
Contents 24
ISSUE 32 ● MARCH 2018
Ship Intelligence Sustainability Technology
10
The bigger picture
New Intelligent Awareness
system gives crews a clear
14 18
Going deeper
We dive into the design
secrets of the world’s
34
Lean machines
Installing Promas system
takes efficiency to a whole
view of their surroundings greenest research vessels new level for oil tankers
12
Out of this world 22
The perfect blend 36
Pitch perfect
New working partnerships Fuel-saving technology Our expertise provides a
launched with Google and transforms tugboats into very specific solution to
European Space Agency hybrid thoroughbreds complex operating profiles
14
Testing the water 24
Green for go 40
Making data dynamic
How Rolls-Royce is leading Rolls-Royce helps makes How harnessing digital
the way with MAXCMAS and the switch to emission-free information could mean
AAWA research projects and sustainable shipping the end of breakdowns
16
Under the microscope Naval 42
The pioneer trail
Autonomous ships are put We take a closer look at the
through their paces in test 28
Watch this space Rolls-Royce Autocrossing
sites in Norway and Finland Handling system innovation system running in Norway
gives Royal Navy’s Type 26
plenty of room to breathe The Big Picture
30
Storage power 44
Weathering the storm
Exploring the technology Our dynamic positioning
and solutions for modern system in action off Canada
electric generation systems
Events
32
Turkish delight
How boat builder ARES is 46
Meet the team
32
exceeding expectations – Where you’ll find Marine
with help from Rolls-Royce Sales & Marketing this year
People
Editor: Yrjar Garshol
© Rolls-Royce plc 2018. The information in this publication is the property of Rolls-Royce plc
and may not be copied, communicated to a third party, or used for any purpose other than Deputy Editor: Connie Hanbury
that for which it is supplied, without the express written consent of Rolls-Royce plc. While the Design: Ryan Swinney
information is given in good faith, based upon the latest information available to Rolls-Royce
plc, no warranty or representation is given concerning such information, which must not be
Contributors: Anette Bonnevie Wollebæk, Andrew Rice, Craig Taylor,
taken as establishing any contractual or other commitment binding upon Rolls-Royce plc Frode Vik, Patrik Wheater, Richard White, Dr Ian Whitlegg
or any of its subsidiary or associated companies. Opinions expressed may not necessarily
represent the views of Rolls-Royce or the editorial team. The publishers cannot accept
Production: Connect Publications Ltd
liability for errors or omissions. All photographs © Rolls-Royce plc unless otherwise stated. Cover image: Polar research vessel RRS Sir David Attenborough
Rolls-Royce Indepth magazine 03

UPFRONT
Thought leadership from

Mikael Mäkinen, President – Marine
A GREENER
FUTURE “With the right combination
I
n recent years, the key driver for most for short-run
ship operators has been reducing their
operating costs in the face of extremely
operations,
for example
of technology and a
tough trading conditions. Other factors,
such as environmental performance have
ferries
operating fixed
willingness to do the right
always been present, but not always the point routes, thing, shipping can have
key concern. and as owners
I sense things are certainly changing, renew their a much greener future”
and today, with environmental issues such as fleets they’re
climate change, diesel engine emissions and looking many
the protection of our oceans all rising up the years ahead to ensure they choose the right
news agenda, our industry is stepping up its technology today that will serve them,
act when it comes to sustainability. and their environment, well in the long term.
For this new-look issue of Indepth, we The start of 2018 has seen us secure deals
thought it was a good opportunity to share to provide innovative systems that utilise
with you some of the latest developments battery power to reduce costs and emissions for
that we feel can make a truly significant operators in two distinctly different segments.
contribution to the future sustainability For the offshore sector, recent years have been
of your business. tough, so the move to upgrade six PSVs with
With the right combination of technology deck-mounted battery packs is an effective way
and a willingness to do the right thing, of getting ships out of layup by using easy-to-
shipping can have a much greener future. install equipment, to bring instant environmental
There is real interest in technologies that and economic benefit.
can reduce or eliminate harmful emissions. We’ve also recently sold our first hybrid READ MORE ABOVE:
Electrification is a rapidly developing area solution for a tug; another key market where The first
Rolls-Royce
42
for technology, where the use of hybrid environmental performance is a key driver. These
Autocrossing
systems can make a quick impact on vessels, operating close to population centres system for
-43
reduction of emissions, along with the can be viewed as ‘low hanging fruit’ when it ferries is now
benefits of cost reduction. comes to addressing emissions. in operation
Many of our customers have come to us Our new hybrid battery system allows on the short
Anda-Lote
looking for innovative solutions. The addition operators to achieve the same bollard pull with
route in
of batteries into ship systems is delivering a smaller engine and gives the option of battery- western
impressive results in performance. Pure only (emission-free) for transit and loitering. Norway
battery operation is now a serious option Read more on pages 22&23.
04 Rolls-Royce Indepth magazine

“We know what it
takes to design ships
and equipment that
can operate reliably
in the harshest
conditions on earth”
While a clear focus on indicator of global change,

what can be done by ship and to know that Rolls-Royce
type is essential, an arguably vessels will soon be at sea
bigger issue for us all is taking on these pioneering
the long-term future of our challenges gives us all an
oceans and the impact of enormous sense of pride.
how they change will have on To find out more about how
future generations. we’re meeting the research
We all know that our requirements through
oceans carry 90% of world innovative ship designs,
trade, but let’s not ignore see pages 18 to 21.
the fact that ocean plants Finally, you will have
produce almost half the no doubt seen the recent
oxygen we breathe and announcement that
contain 80% of living Rolls-Royce is to carry out
organisms. Our oceans a strategic review of its
are truly precious and at Commercial Marine business.
Rolls-Royce, we’re delighted The company is changing
to be involved in enabling the to a new structure focused
pioneering research that will on three business units –
help scientists to understand Civil Aerospace, Defence
the future. and Power Systems. Our
Our expertise in ship Naval Marine activities have
design and the integration of now moved across into our
cutting edge technology, are Defence business.
the key factors in why the The review will take
UK and Norway selected several months to complete
Rolls-Royce for their new and one potential option is
polar research ships. We the sale of our Commercial
know what it takes to design Marine operations.
BELOW: Our innovative READ MORE
ships and equipment that While the outcome of
ship designs are bringing can operate reliably in the the review isn’t known,
18
improved performance and
greater efficiency to some harshest conditions on earth, I wanted to reassure you
of the most challenging and that knowledge has as a loyal and important
environments on earth
-21 enabled us to produce highly
capable ships that will carry
customer, that we are fully
committed to working with
out sensitive you as normal throughout
monitoring this period, ensuring that
to help us you see no impact in delivery
understand and service. As you will see
better the in this magazine, we’re still
future of developing new technologies,
our planet. just as we have done for more
The polar than 150 years.
environment Periods of change and
and its consolidation are common
ecology in our industry, and it’s my
provides job to ensure this business is
us all with shipshape for the journey that
a sensitive lies ahead. ●
www.rolls-royce.com/marine marineinfo@rolls-royce.com www.linkedin.com/company/rolls-royce

NEWS
News The latest developments from the

wider world of Rolls-Royce Marine
Upgrade for battery vessels

Rolls-Royce has secured an order provide a complete overview of will really make them stand BELOW: The new
to deliver a battery-powered energy usage onboard. out from the crowd in today’s offshore vessels
energy system for six offshore John Gellert, President, Chief marketplace,” adds Asbjørn Skaro, will now receive
vessels (PSVs), which have Executive Officer and Director, Director of Deck Machinery and an upgrade
been built by the yard COSCO SEACOR, says: “Combining a proven Systems, Rolls-Royce.
Guangdong in China. and advanced
The ships – of Rolls-Royce design, best
UT 771 WP design and featuring the in category
characteristic wave piercing bow – accommodations,
were ordered in 2013 and 2014 and and the
their new owners have now decided innovative
to give the vessels an environmental Rolls-Royce
upgrade, with an option for a further battery system,
two. The ambition is to get them to these vessels
work, and out of layup, as quickly will be highly
as possible. marketable across
The contract includes: all major offshore
■■ the Energy Storage Container energy regions
System (ESSU) worldwide.”
■■ an upgrade of the existing “These
Rolls-Royce ship design engineering are extremely
package to match the new features advanced and
■■ an upgrade of the Dynamic modern ships,
Positioning system (DP) and the and we strongly
ACON control system believe that
■■ the new Rolls-Royce Energy the new energy
Management system, which will system onboard
First-class results for hybrid Daegu frigate

We recently achieved another major class programme features key equipment technology. The formal handover
milestone in the FFX Batch II programme from Rolls-Royce – one 40MW rated represents a significant achievement
following formal acceptance of the first MT30 gas turbine, two controllable pitch since contract award back in May 2013
Daegu class frigate by the Republic of propellers and MTU diesel engines. and is a huge testament to the teamwork
Korea Navy (RoKN). It’s the first RoKN ship to feature a that has endured throughout the last
The first of eight ships in the Daegu hybrid propulsion system combining three years encompassing our teams
electric propulsion motors in Korea, UK and Sweden who have
and a single gas turbine. worked with Hyundai Heavy Industries,
Ian Parry, Programme the shipyard and the RoK Navy to bring
Executive for the FFX Batch about this success.”
II programme says: “This is The MT30 engine performed
another proud day for the excellently during the demanding sea
Naval Marine business. It trials which powered the ship to beyond
is our equipment that has the required design speed, supporting
enabled this historic change wider sea-trials without fault, including
The Daegu class through the advances we missions that required 20 hours of
have made in propulsion continuous gas turbine operation.

New centre gives a fascinating
glimpse into autonomous future
A new state-of-the-art research facility has Commenting on how the R&D centre digitalising the country’s transport sector.”
opened in Turku, Finland, to develop the further strengthens Finland’s commitment The new R&D Centre enables
innovative technologies that Rolls-Royce to developing autonomous transport, Rolls-Royce and its partners to carry
and its partners require to shape the future Finnish Minister of Transport and out projects focused on autonomous
of an increasingly autonomous global Communications Anne Berner, says: navigation, the development of
shipping industry. “There is great global interest in land-based control centres, and the use of
The new Research & Development autonomous vehicles and vessels as a artificial intelligence (AI) in future remote
Centre for Autonomous Ships includes future means of transport. and autonomous shipping operations.
a Remote and Autonomous “The opening of the Rolls-Royce The many features in the Experience
Experience Space aimed at Read more Research & Development Centre Space include several interactive tables to
showcasing the autonomous ship on pages for Autonomous Ships here in showcase existing and future technologies
technologies Rolls-Royce has Turku, a maritime city with a while aiding the development and
already introduced as well as those
40-41 history of technological innovation, introduction of new rules and standards
in the development stage. will help achieve our goal of for autonomous shipping.
The new facility in Turku
Rolls-Royce is now a
Shipping enters Wörner, ESA’s Director General partner with the ESA
said: “This agreement is another
the space race demonstration of the desire for
a United Space in Europe.”
Rolls-Royce and the European Karno Tenovuo, Rolls-Royce,
Space Agency (ESA) have signed SVP Ship Intelligence, said: “The
a ground-breaking cooperation space industry has been operating
agreement aimed at pursuing assets remotely for many decades.
space activities in support of “The information, software
autonomous, remote-controlled and satellite-based technologies
shipping and promoting innovation the sector has developed are
in European digital logistics. wholly relevant to the work
The Memorandum of Intent Rolls-Royce is doing to make the
(MOI) forms part of ESA’s remote and autonomous
wider strategy. Jan ship a reality.”
Read more
on pages
12-13

NEWS
System turns
workhorse into
thoroughbred
San Francisco-based tug operator Baydelta has
ordered the industry’s first hybrid propulsion
arrangement for installation to a multi-purpose
tractor tug. The 30m-long vessel, in build at
Nichols Brothers Boat Builders in Washington
State, will be the first tug to feature proven
Rolls-Royce hybrid technology.
It will carry out the same ship assist and
tanker escort capabilities of existing Delta
Class harbour tugs, but with greatly improved
towing performance.
The hybrid system enhances the vessel’s
escort capability, enabling the tug to support
the ultra-large container ships that operate from
US West Coast ports.
Rolls-Royce will supply all electric motors,
shaft generators and a power management and
control system. The hybrid arrangement provides
power to US255 azimuth thrusters with ducted
fixed pitch propellers that can be rotated 360
degrees around the vertical axis.
Deal strengthens
Erik Larsen, Rolls-Royce, Vice President –
Tug and Fish, Americas, said: “Our US 255
azimuth thrusters are ideally suited to provide
the manoeuvrability and bollard pull needed
our relationship
for operations in larger harbours, terminals
and escort applications.”
with Sanmar
The Baydelta tug
Read more
on pages
22-23
As this edition of Indepth went 16 high-pressure hydraulic towing
to press, it was announced winches for the 80 tonne bollard
that Rolls-Royce has secured pull models.
an extensive supply order for “We have delivered 150
equipment for tugboats being built azimuth thrusters to Sanmar in a
by Tuzla-based Sanmar Shipyards relationship that spans 15 years,”
for various interests. says Andrea Cerutti, Rolls-Royce
The scope of supply includes Vice-President Sales, Europe.
42 Rolls-Royce US 205/255 “This includes the supply of
azimuth thrusters for 21 escort/ equipment to milestone projects
harbour tugs in the 60, 70 and such as Borgøy, the world’s first
80 tonne bollard pull range and LNG-fuelled tugboat, and the 2017

Naval team wins
supplier award
for LCS success
Recognised for their track record partnership with Rolls-Royce in the
of exceptional performance and years to come.”
commitment to affordability, the Rolls-Royce played a critical role
Rolls-Royce Naval team was named in the acceptance trials of the latest
by Lockheed Martin as the 2017 LCS, USS Little Rock, demonstrating
Read more Team Freedom Littoral Combat reliability and performance
about our
naval work on Ship (LCS) Supplier of the Year. improvements on the ship’s
the Indepth
mobile app
A long-term supplier to the propulsion and steering systems.
US Navy’s Freedom-variant LCS, “It is our privilege to work on the
Indepth for iPhone
is on the Apple Rolls-Royce supplies MT30 gas Lockheed Martin Littoral Combat
App Store and on turbines and Mk1 waterjets to Ship programme and we are deeply
Google Play for
Android devices these highly capable vessels. honoured by this recognition,”
“Rolls-Royce has been an said Don Roussinos, Rolls-Royce,
excellent partner, repeatedly President-Naval.
demonstrating its value to the “The combination of the MT30
programme and our US Navy gas turbine and our latest waterjet
Sanmar’s order includes
customer,” says Joe DePietro, technology will ensure these ships
42 azimuth thrusters
Lockheed Martin Vice President of are at the cutting edge of global
Small Combatants and Ship Systems. naval capability for many years
“As an original member of to come. It’s especially fitting to
delivered Svitzer Hermod, the Team Freedom, Rolls-Royce has receive this prestigious award
world’s first remotely-controlled played an important role in our in 2018, ten years after the first
commercial vessel. programme’s success, and we look MT30-powered ship, USS Freedom,
“This new contract strengthens forward to continuing our successful was commissioned.”
that relationship and is indicative
of the trust Sanmar continues to
place in Rolls-Royce products.” Rolls-Royce supplies the LCS
Sanmar’s new portfolio of
tug designs includes a versatile
25m harbour tug design that
incorporates a hull that can be
outfitted as either a 25m tractor
tug with aft working deck or as a
25m Rotortug® with both fore and
aft working decks. The tractor tug
variants are available with bollard
pulls up to 70 tonnes, while the
Rotortug® versions are available
with bollard pull up to 60 tonnes.
Sanmar is currently building a
trio of 70 tonne bollard pull tractor
versions of this new series, dubbed
the Deliçay Series, all featuring
Rolls-Royce US255 azimuth drives.

SHIP INTELLIGENCE
THE
BIGGER By Patrik Wheater
PICTURE
Rolls-Royce’s pioneering Intelligent Awareness (IA) system
represents a major advance in ship safety. The enhanced
visibility and greater spatial awareness it offers the bridge
is invaluable, particularly at night or in bad weather
L
aunched in March at the Seatrade the Advanced Autonomous Waterborne objects and apply learning algorithms to
Cruise Global Expo in Fort Applications project (see pages 14&15). determine characteristics, i.e. how fast
Lauderdale, USA, IA is the first of The system builds a 3D map of the vessel a vessel travels or stops. This is done
Rolls-Royce’s many Ship Intelligence, based on Light Detection and Ranging through ‘labelling’, which draws imaginary
remote and autonomous solutions for (LIDAR), which uses a pulsed laser beam boundaries around vessel pictures, from
commercial marine application. to measure distances. Already in use in which IA learns the difference between each
Combining multiple sensors with intelligent autonomous road vehicles, it links to GPS boundary field, as well as any associated
software, IA is designed to mitigate against data to create 3D environments, allowing characteristics for each field/vessel.
the risks navigators face, especially in poor crews to ‘see’ what the human eye can’t. Rolls-Royce has amassed a large
weather conditions, congested waters or LIDAR creates a ‘point cloud,’ firing database of pictures for ‘labelling’ divided
at night. Essentially, it gives the master and around 300,000 beams of light from a laser into multiple different categories, including
bridge personnel a supreme understanding and then measuring the time taken to reflect dynamic objects – e.g. ships – and static
of the ship’s surroundings. them back to source to render a 3D map. ones e.g. lighthouses. Other inputs can be
IA builds on Rolls-Royce’s extensive Further spatial information is gathered incorporated for even greater accuracy, e.g.
experience in research into autonomous from on-board HD cameras, linked to fog horn detection uses acoustic data to
vessels, gained through participation in software which can identify vessels or track the distance between two vessels.
Sunflower
Rolls-Royce has entered between Kobe and Oita to provide our crews with
into a cooperation in Japan. a more informed view of
agreement with Japanese MOL Director Kenta a vessel’s surroundings in
partnership multi-modal transport Arai says: “Sunflower an accessible and user-
company Mitsui OSK Lines operates in some of the friendly way.
blossoms in (MOL) to develop its IA most congested waters “This can give our
system. A system will be in the world and will crews an enhanced
busy waters installed on board the provide an opportunity decision support tool,
165m passenger ferry to rigorously test the IA increasing their safety
Sunflower, which operates system. We also expect it and that of our vessels.”

“IA is a fantastic product with so
much potential...it enables a ship to
be positioned with total accuracy”
Henrik Grönlund
Intelligent data fusion

LIDAR, GPS, camera data, radar
and AIS etc combine through what
Rolls-Royce refers to as ‘data fusion’
to provide those controlling the
ship with a complete overview of its
surroundings. So a ship’s crew can
switch between a 3D map rendered
300k
beams pulsed
Share and by LIDAR, a radar overlay or a by LIDAR to
save Indepth
articles with topographical view of the sea bed. build up a
the Indepth IA is particularly beneficial for 3D map
mobile app
the safe navigation of busy ports or
Indepth for iPhone challenging environments, such as
is on the Apple
App Store and on dense fog causing poor visibility in Technical Product Manager – ease into new applications such as
Google Play for
Android devices
busy shipping channels. Situational Awareness Systems, automatic docking,” Henrik says.
Although IA will play a major Rolls-Royce, says: “We can use IA in “Currently, during port arrival,
role in the development of the any ship type where there’s a need there are many watchkeepers
autonomous ship, it can offer real for better situational awareness. The around the ship, communicating
benefits now. For instance, it makes system is the first of its kind to be with the bridge by walkie-talkie,
better use of existing onboard made commercially available, using each estimating the distance to the
technology by integrating with data in a clear user interface to quayside. The LIDAR 3D map gives
LIDAR and cameras, helping enhance safety and efficiency.” a bird’s-eye view, with distances
to increases the usability of Henrik Grönlund, Sales measured to centimetre accuracy,
existing data rather than Manager, Remote & Autonomous enabling the ship to be positioned
creating new data sets. Solutions, Rolls-Royce, says the with total accuracy.”
Rolls-Royce system offers increased safety Henrik adds: “IA is a fantastic
has been through enhanced visibility and product with so much potential.
conducting greater awareness of surroundings, It’s being launched at a cruise
tests of particularly during darkness or in event, because at present we see
the sensor adverse weather. IA’s greatest benefits in passenger
arrays in various With the vast majority of shipping, but as other sensors
operating and maritime incidents taking place and applications are added to the
climatic conditions under such conditions and/or platform other high-value ship
on board Finferries’ 65m through human error, IA provides types, such as large container
double-ended ferry Stella an advisory solution to supplement ships, will follow.” l
in Finland’s south west the basic information available
archipelago. from ECDIS and radar. For further information email
Markus Hirvonen, “The platform is designed to si.sales@rolls-royce.com
Asbjørn Skaro,
Director of Deck
Machinery and Systems,
Rolls-Royce, adds: “Pilot needs of both.
projects such as this allow Successful pilots and
us to see how they can be product development
165m
best adapted to the needs programmes are important
of the customer and their steps in the development
length of crews so that our product of both remote and
Sunflower effectively meets the autonomous vessels.” l

OUT OF THIS
New times call for new working relationships in
shipping, not just in ownership, but also in innovation.
Marine has duly announced exciting new partnerships
positioning for ‘smart’ ships, which will be
based on its ‘earth observation platform’.
“This could create greater spatial and
situational awareness for those operating
with both Google and the European Space Agency. the vessel remotely. It will also allow
satellites to capture and share the data
How many of us saw that coming? from a number of vessels simultaneously.”
A
large number of organizations ports and future commercial Business as usual?
are currently working to improve marine vessels. Or a new strategy?
how information and physical “The current wireless When asked whether
products can be delivered to us. carriers like satellite and partnering up is a novel
When these companies continue to search associated infrastructure thought or business as usual,
for impactful innovations, new forms of need to be developed to Deal signed with Asbjørn Skaro, Director of
partnerships will become more common, facilitate the development of satellite provider Deck Machinery and Systems,
Inmarsat
as will probably somewhat surprising remote & autonomous ships, Rolls-Royce, says: “A company
business moves. as existing configurations were is not an island on its own. The
So is Rolls-Royce aiming for space travel? not designed for this purpose,” obvious relationships we have are
Not exactly, but Rolls-Royce and the said Karno Tenovuo, SVP Ship Intelligence to our customers and suppliers, but there
European Space Agency (ESA) have signed with Rolls-Royce. “Rolls-Royce and the are many more, and with an ongoing digital
a cooperation agreement aimed at pursuing ESA will look at developing satellite-based makeshift we now look to new forms of
space activities in support of autonomous,
remote controlled shipping and promoting
innovation in European digital logistics.
The space industry has been operating
assets remotely for many decades. The
information, software and satellite-
based technologies the sector has
developed are wholly relevant
to the work Rolls-Royce is
doing to make the remote and
autonomous ship a reality. We are now using
Google Cloud’s
A statement of intent software for machine
The Memorandum of Intent learning
(MOI) with Rolls-Royce also forms
part of ESA’s wider strategy. Jan
Wörner, ESA’s Director General said: “ESA
has a long history of working internationally
with our partners across Europe. This
agreement is another demonstration of
the positive application of Space 4.0 and
the desire for a United Space in Europe;
maximising the integration of space into our
economy and society.”
Together, ESA and Rolls-Royce aim
to develop and validate new solutions for
communication between vessel systems
and shore based systems in addition to
ship-to-ship communication.
This will enable the operation of
commercial remote and autonomous
shipping, innovative cargo logistics, smart

SHIP INTELLIGENCE
WORLD
By Anette
Bonnevie Wollebæk
“It could create greater spatial and

situational awareness...and allow
satellites to capture and share data”
Karno Tenovuo
partnerships to move our business fast better and more innovative technology.”
forward. So the answer is yes, we do think of
research networks and business partnerships
says Asbjørn. “By drawing on our existing
capabilities in our Marine business, together
Deal will spot any
as a very important part of our strategy.” with the global expertise we have across the clouds on horizon
To prove his point, Rolls-Royce has signed Rolls-Royce Group and our relationships Rolls-Royce also signed a deal with
other partnership agreements over the with key partners, we can secure significant Google in October 2017 to develop
last year, such as with the satellite provider resource and financial investments to intelligent awareness (IA) systems
Inmarsat, and with several shipowners to revolutionise shipping together.” l to make existing vessels safer and
test and develop technology for situational autonomous ships a reality.
awareness in a live environment. The agreement allows us to use
“I believe that by finding innovative For further information email Google’s Cloud Machine Learning
ways to partner, Rolls-Royce will develop karno.tenovuo@rolls-royce.com Engine to train our artificial
intelligence (AI) based object
classification system for detecting,
identifying and tracking obstacles.
“While IA systems will help build
an autonomous future, they benefit
maritime businesses now, making
vessels and crews safer and more
efficient,” says Karno. “By working
with Google we can make these
systems better faster, saving lives.”
Rolls-Royce is now using Google
Cloud’s software to create bespoke
machine learning models which can
interpret large and diverse marine
data sets created by Rolls-Royce.
Our expertise in the maritime
sector is used to prepare the data to
train models, ensuring it’s relevant
and in sufficient quantity to create
statistical significance. The models’
predictions are also evaluated
in practical marine applications,
allowing them to be further refined.
By accessing this software
through the Cloud, the models can
be developed from anywhere and are
instantly accessible to thousands of
users globally. So models can be
trained on huge amounts (terabytes)
of data, essential as autonomous
ships become the norm. l

SHIP INTELLIGENCE
By Patrik Wheater
T
he completion of the £1.3
million MAXCMAS project
successfully demonstrated
that operation of
autonomous vessels remains safe and
meets – if not exceeds – regulatory
requirements. It also suggested
that developing new COLREGs
specifically for autonomous vessels
is unnecessary.
Eshan Rajabally of Rolls-Royce
Future Technologies Group launched
MAXCMAS after recognising that
acceptance of autonomous ships
among conventionally crewed
vessels hinges upon their navigation
being indistinguishable from today’s
master mariners.
The project partners (see box
right) found that use of newly-
developed algorithms allowed
COLREGs to remain relevant in
a crewless environment, with AI-based
navigation systems able to better
interpret rules to avoid collision,
even when approaching manned
vessels where such rules may be
interpreted differently.
Terry Mills, WMA Senior
Technician, says: “The importance
of MAXCMAS should not be
undervalued; it’s the heart of an
autonomous vessel navigation system,
particularly collision avoidance, as it
allows autonomous ships to behave in with other crewed bridge ABOVE: collision regulations and the diverse
a way expected by humans. simulators for immersive human-in- The ARCIM USV ways seafarers take to avoid collision
“We’ve even included non- the-loop testing in various situations.
compliance scenarios to take human ■■ VALIDATE autonomous seafarer- Another hurdle was to offset the
error into account.” like collision avoidance in likely real- operational difficulties of multiple
Project partners were able to: world scenarios, using professional ships, sea states and environmental
■■ ADAPT a commercial-specification instructors as they would assess conditions, and also when situation
bridge simulator as a testbed for human navigators. assessments are impaired, e.g.
autonomous navigation capable of During the initial algorithm degraded or malfunctioning sensors.
adapting to multiple vessel types in validation stage, it became obvious Share and To address this, a variety of
save Indepth
any conditions anywhere in the world the main challenge was to overcome articles with simulator-based scenarios were
the Indepth
■■ PARTAKE in distributed exercises the variety and subjectivity of mobile app
designed and the algorithms
installed in a conventional WMA
Indepth for iPhone
is on the Apple bridge simulator. This also included
GLOSSARY OF TERMS App Store and on Atlas Elektronik UK’s ARCIMS
Google Play for
Android devices mission manager ‘Autonomy Engine’,
■■ AAWA – Advanced Autonomous ■■ MAXCMAS – Machine executable Queen’s University Belfast’s Collision
Waterborne Applications Initiative collision regulations for Marine Avoidance algorithms and a Rolls-
■■ AI – artificial intelligence Autonomous systems Royce interface all working together
■■ AIS – automatic identification ■■ MLC – Maritime Labour in real time.
system Convention During sea trials aboard
■■ ARPA – automatic radar ■■ SOLAS – Safety Of Life at Sea AEUK’s ARCIMS USV, the CAM was
plotting aid ■■ STCW – standards of training, successfully demonstrated in a real
■■ COLREG – Collision Avoidance certification and watchkeeping environment under true platform
Regulations ■■ TEKES – Finnish Funding Agency motion, sensor performance and
■■ MARPOL – Marine Pollution for Technology and Innovation environmental conditions.
Convention ■■ USV – unmanned surface vessel “The trials showed that an
unmanned vessel is capable of

With its comprehensive AAWA IN ACTION
THE AAWA
two research projects, PROJECT PARTNERS
J
ust as MAXCMAS
MAXCMAS and AAWA, brings autonomous ■■ Aalto University
Rolls-Royce is leading ship navigation ■■ Åbo Akademi
the investigation into closer to reality, ■■ Brighthouse
so does another Rolls- Intelligence
the many challenges
Royce-led research ■■ Deltamarin
of unmanned vessels – project – AAWA. This ■■ DNV GL
with the encouraging £5.8million TEKES-funded ■■ ESL Shipping
project aimed to produce ■■ Fin Ferries
results underpinning
the specification and ■■ Immarsat
our autonomous future preliminary designs for ■■ NAPA
the next generation of ■■ Tampere University
advanced ship solutions of Technology
Its second phase, ■■ University of Turku
completed at the end of ■■ VTT
2017, explored a range
of factors to make autonomous ships viable, including
technological, regulatory, economic, social and
TESTING
legal considerations.
The technology is relatively simple, with the main
systems already existing in collision-avoidance radar,
ARPA, AIS and long-range satellite communication and
data transfer systems. The challenge is to translate data
from these systems and sensors to the autonomous ship
concept and make them work together consistently and
reliably, in line with maritime regulations and practices.
THE WATER
While basic threats faced by an autonomous ship
will be the same as for a conventional vessel, the
AAWA partners recognised that the autonomous ship
is also likely to introduce new risks, mostly linked to
the reliability of the sensors, onboard systems and data
communication. As a scarcity of studies covers these
potential new risks, AAWA sees this as a key area for
investigation, particularly in areas such as security, cargo
management and emergency response.
The legal question was found the most vexing,
“The trials showed that an unmanned suggests Karno Tenovuo, SVP for Ship Intelligence: “The
various international rules and conventions were formed
vessel can make a collision avoidance before the idea of autonomous ships. As long as it can be
judgment call even when the give-way established that an autonomous vessel comes within the
definition of a ‘ship’, then it should have identical rights
vessel isn’t taking appropriate action” and obligations under maritime law to any other vessel.”
According to project partners, conventions such as
Ralph Dodds STCW and MLC will most likely prove an obstacle to
unmanned vessel recognition. Others like SOLAS and
making a collision avoidance “What MAXCMAS does is make the MARPOL, may also need rewriting.
judgment call even when the give- collision avoidance regulations So in conclusion, the technology mostly exists,
way vessel isn’t taking appropriate applicable to the unmanned ship.” safety and business cases can be made, and if the legal
action,” said Ralph Dodds, With its completion, MAXCMAS hurdles can be overcome, there is no reason
Innovation & Autonomous Systems delivers state-of-the-art why autonomous ships can’t be an
Programme Manager, AEUK. regulation-compliant collision important part of our future. l
avoidance. The technology and
system has been thoroughly
THE MAXCMAS tested both at sea and in the
PROJECT PARTNERS classroom, and under a multitude
of scenarios using desktop and
■■ Atlas Elektronik UK (AEUK) bridge simulators, to demonstrate
■■ Lloyd’s Register its robustness, and prove that
■■ Queen’s University Belfast autonomous navigation can meet
■■ Southampton Solent existing COLREG requirements. l
University
■■ Warsash Maritime Academy
(WMA) For further information email
eshan.rajabally@rolls-royce.com

SHIP INTELLIGENCE
Rolls-Royce is playing a central role in new

test areas in Norway and Finland, where MAP KEY
autonomous ships are rigorously tested
Wind measurement
to ensure ultimate safety and performance
Oceanographic measurement
Under the
throughout the water column
Noise measurement
Navigation
sensors
for autonomous
microscope
underwater vehicles
Fish farms
T “...the
he technology for
unmanned autonomous STORFJORDEN
ships already exists. But
before they become part of
TEST AREA
question
is, how far
everyday maritime operations, the
systems need to be tested at length
in an authentic marine environment,
and in a variety of sea conditions.
To ensure systems function
we can go in
correctly and reliably, and that
required safety standards can be met, 110 the direction
test areas for autonomous commercial
vessel trials have now been
km long
of unmanned
established in Norway and Finland.
The Finnish test area – named vessels?”
Jaakonmeri after the late Dr Jaakko
Talvitie, one of the pioneers of open Jann Peter Strand
marine test areas – is managed
14
and controlled by Digital, Internet,
Materials & Engineering Co-Creation
(DIMECC), which is behind the One shipyards
Sea Autonomous Maritime Ecosystem. nearby
Founded in 2016, One Sea is a Cargotec, Ericsson, Meyer Turku, there is little risk of accident. Already
consortium of industry partners, all Tieto and Wärtsilä, with the project opened officially, other companies
working in the field of autonomous supported by the Association of with Norwegian bases have used it
marine traffic. As a founding partner, Finnish Marine Industries and Finnish to test new robotic and autonomous
Rolls-Royce is joined by ABB, funding agency TEKES. technologies, including Kongsberg
The Jaakonmeri test area, on the Seatex and Maritime Robotics.
20
Finnish west coast off the municipality “Technology for remote-controlled
of Eurajoki, is open to all companies, solutions on shipping already exists,
shipping research institutes and others wishing the question is how far we can go in
companies to test autonomous technology. the direction of unmanned vessels,
nearby According to DIMECC, it will have and the types of ships it is most
excellent data connectivity, and offers suitable for,” says Jann Peter Strand,
open water test conditions, with Product Manager for Automation and
opportunities for ice testing during Control, Rolls-Royce Marine.
the winter. It expects the first test “We gather knowledge in many
LEFT: The
programme to begin in spring 2018. areas. While the technology is
world’s first
remotely Rolls-Royce also intends to carry developed largely in Norway, it is
operated out autonomous ship trials in the gratifying to see the Norwegian
vessel was Norwegian fjords. The test area in research, and the authorities are
unveiled in Trondheim Fjord is about 150 miles hopeful we can test our solutions
Copenhagen
last year south-east of our new remote fleet in Norwegian waters.”
management centre in Ålesund. The Trondheim test site, which
The fjord offers wide, open includes part of Trondheim Harbour,
By Patrik Wheater waters similar to a small sea, but with is a partnership between the
relatively low shipping traffic, so Norwegian University of Science and

LQ;H-;H6
QLQH
Technology’s Centre for Autonomous are taking the lead,” said Kongsberg unmanned ships on the market, and
Marine Operations (NTNU AMOS) Seatex President Gard Ueland. “We Rolls-Royce has been among the
and the Norwegian government. will see technology that has the driving forces for the new agreement.
“As far as we know, there are no other potential to enable fully autonomous “Trondheimsfjorden and JAAKONMERI
test sites of this kind in the world, cargo vessels. Much will come from Storfjorden are both well located TEST AREA
so the Norwegian coastal authorities Trondheim, thanks to the unmatched near important technology lakes,”
maritime expertise here and our says Asbjørn Skaro, Director of Deck
autonomous vehicle testbed.” Machinery and Systems, Rolls-Royce.
NORWEGIAN CONSORTIUM The Norwegian Maritime “In Trondheim, we work closely
Directorate has recently nominated a with NTNU and other companies
second area for testing autonomous on research and development. In
17.85
■■ Ålesund Region Port Authority ships, signing a deal with the Coastal Ålesund, we have a lot of simulators
■■ Fiskerstrand Verft Administration and an industry for new technology, with the Storfjord
■■ Fjord1 consortium (left) enabling Storfjorden area located just outside the window,” km long
■■ Havila Shipping and several side harbours to be used. In the UK, part of the Solent area
■■ Havyard Group Storfjorden is close to 14 shipyards is being developed by BAE Systems
■■ Inmarsat Solutions and 20 shipping companies, several to provide the UK’s first dedicated
■■ Kleven Maritime of which already carry out sea test service. Although concentrating
■■ NTNU in Ålesund trials. The trials will use data from on military applications, testing
■■ Offshore Simulator Centre a range of sensors for measuring and demonstrating air vehicles and
7.10
■■ Rolls-Royce wind and power conditions, set up in unmanned boats, this is a notable
■■ Skipsteknisk connection with planning for a new development. The Solent area is a
■■ Stranda Hamnevesen KF bridge between Sulesund and Hareid. heavily-trafficked waterway, used by km wide
■■ Ulstein Group The Directorate says it wants pleasure boats as well as warships,
■■ Vard Group Norway to be the first flag state with ferries, cruise and cargo vessels. l

S U S TA I N A B I L I T Y
How do you build the toughest and greenest

vessels in the world? We take a deep dive with our
talented design team to discover how their vital and
highly complex work is helping to create the next
generation of marine research vessels
By Connie Hanbury

PAGE “Icebreaking requires a
21
relatively flat bow that
breaks the ice and pushes
it down and to the sides”
B
lue whales can communicate across
thousands of kilometres of ocean.
Sound travels five times faster
underwater and consequently marine
life critically depend on their hearing abilities.
Therefore, it’s not surprising that vessel noise
has a huge impact on our ability to monitor
marine life in an unbiased way.
With ocean temperatures rising, many of
our marine species, plants and reefs are finding
themselves in danger. Marine conservation
and research have never been so important to
understand our rapidly changing planet.
Vessels must operate discreetly, admitting
near to no sound radiation while breaking ice
and large ocean waves to achieve their missions.
And they must do it all while having little
environmental impact.
As we get closer to the handing over of
the RRS Kronprins Haakon, the Rolls-Royce-
designed polar research vessel, we asked our
design team to give us an insight into creating a
new generation of highly capable silent vessels.
Over the past couple of years, the team
has become pioneers in research enabling
technology, as Head of Design Einar Vegsund
proudly reveals.
He says: “Our journey to achieving what’s
likely to be one of the world’s most silent hulls
on the RRS Sir David Attenborough for example,
started long before our first tender with
Kronprins Haakon five years ago.
“With approximately 1,000 Rolls-Royce-
designed vessels at sea, our team has a strong
history of developing highly efficient solutions.

Experience gained from fishing, seismic
NO BUBBLE TROUBLE
research, offshore and ice-breaking
vessels, perhaps most notably the
UT 758 ICE offshore design, laid an
essential foundation to being able to
approach these challenging tenders. Since the Industrial Revolution our for ice-going vessels, since the hull
“This experience was the oceans have become around 100 and propulsion systems must also
starting point in a process which times louder. To effectively monitor be designed to meet the extreme
then requires incredibly close them and have minimal further impact environmental conditions found
collaboration with the end customer the RRS Sir David Attenborough will in polar areas.”
to ensure we provide the best and comply with most strict underwater The main source of URN is normally
most efficient solutions to achieve radiated noise (URN) requirements propellers. The Kronprins Haakon, for
their highly specialised missions.” of DNVGL SILENT(R) class. To meet example, has an azimuthing propulsion
this, the hulls also have an extreme system which can deal with large
Tomorrow’s technology requirement for smoothness and pieces of ice. A huge effort has
welded connections to avoid vortexes. therefore been made by
is already at work today Adding to the challenge, the the product and design
Many of the world’s research vessels hulls are also fitted with a number of team to optimise the
are old and no longer meet today’s scientific transducers and sensors system and make
stringent standards. Our new which need bubble-free zones. it compliant to
Rolls-Royce-designed craft are Our designers have to create a very the vessel’s
not only capable oceanographic smooth flow to any sensors and avoid noise budget,
research vessels, but also logistic cargo bubbles that may be in the water and redesigning the
vessels and ice breakers. get drawn down over them. Specially- steering gear
This new combination will put developed bow and bottom shapes and adding a
Rolls-Royce in a good position to fit the were designed by the team that prove cavitation-free
needs of other nations with an interest to lead bubbles away from the sensors. propeller
in polar operations. Einar Vegsund adds: “Air bubble and electric
With long transits at different sweepdown and noise signature are motors.l
speeds and a complex operational challenging tasks for the design
profile, our experience with low noise, team. It’s even more challenging
DP and diesel electric ships is extremely
valuable, requiring more complex
propulsion installation and significant
integration of systems.
Our expertise also transcends to
smaller research vessels where there’s
a larger and more constant market.
With imminent projects in the The Kronprins Haakon has
pipeline for smaller vessels, the a specially-developed bow
Rolls-Royce design team now look
forward to utilising their experience
and world-class solutions to further
enable essential oceanographic
research. l
For further information email

5x
how much faster
>1m
ice thickness to
4.2m
pool diameter
einar.vegsund@rolls-royce.com sound travels be broken by on RRS Sir David
underwater Kronprins Haakon Attenborough
The Sir David Attenborough

ROLLS-ROYCE
EXPERTISE, TAKE A BOW

IN ACTION
One key design challenge to Good icebreaking generally

overcome is the ambidextrous nature requires a relatively flat bow that
of the research vessels. breaks the ice and pushes it down and
On one hand, there’s the demand to the sides, making a clear path.
for a silent vessel with minimum However, the flatter the bow, the
underwater radiated noise (URN). higher the risk of ‘slamming’, which
On the other, there’s a need for occurs when heavy waves hit the
extreme force when breaking ice with hull, resulting in noise, vibration,
the ability to carry supplies and sail speed loss and possible damage to
through large ocean waves. the structure.
The Kronprins Haakon’s Einar Vegsund explains that
number one requirement is finding the ultimate bow shape for
icebreaking. It’s classed as a PC3 performance in all conditions “takes
Icebreaker and will be able to years of design experience, advanced
break through ice more than 1m computer modelling techniques, and
thick with snow cover. multiple model tests”. l
Location:
Polar regions
100 5 3 1
current AUV
times louder in years since vessel roles –
today’s oceans first tender, research, cargo called Boaty
than in 1800s Kronprins Haakon and icebreaking McBoatface
MOON POOLS’ WATERTIGHT SOLUTION

As the British public know, the name polar vessels have scientific ‘moon pools’ – pump it empty for in-water maintenance
Boaty McBoatface lives on in the form i.e. a hole in the centre of the ship. and preparing experiments.
of one of the autonomous underwater The RRS Sir David Attenborough has To safely launch AUVs, the pools
vehicles (AUVs) that will operate from the a large moon pool that measures 4.2m are also equipped with a Rolls-Royce
RRS Sir David Attenborough. in diameter. Unlike many other vessels, designed Moon Pool Handling Unit.
AUVs can analyse anything from it has a specially-dimensioned bottom Controlled from one of the science
bottom water temperatures to inaccessible hatch that can be closed watertight, hangars on board, it guides AUVs and
areas under heavy ice sheets. To be able ensuring essential reduction to resistance, other scientific equipment through the
to safely launch and retrieve AUVs while noise and URN radiation when in transit moon pool before releasing them under
sometimes surrounded by ice, both of our conditions. This also enables the crew to the vessel. l

THE PERFECT
BLEND
By Patrik Wheater
Tugboats, long the workhorses of the maritime industry,

are set to become more efficient, cleaner and, indeed,
electric, following the introduction of new state-of-the-
art fuel-saving technology for hybrid applications
R
olls-Royce has two Sales Support – Propulsion, hybrid multi-purpose azimuth
new tug thruster Azimuth Thrusters, Rolls-Royce, stern drive (ASD) tug will be set
alternatives – Dual says: “Essentially, Twin Input to sea early 2019 by Nichols
Input and Twin Input enables power from both sides Brothers Boat Builders.
– that allow vessels to operate of the thruster, while Dual Input At 90 short tonnes bollard
solely on electric motors, is a side shaft input via the pull, the vessel will feature
boost engine power, act as gearbox for limited spaces that the same ship assist and
generators for hotel load or provides freedom of choice for tanker escort capabilities of
charge batteries while in power take-in/out speed. Both Baydelta’s existing Valor class
medium-power operation. solutions can be incorporated harbour tugs, but with multiple
Baydelta tugs operate in the
The compact Dual Input in the Rolls-Royce SAVe operational modes. The vessels misty San Francisco bay
includes two input flanges, hybrid concept. will also receive Rolls-Royce
side by side, where the electric “The technology in the 424kW electric motors,
motor is parallel with the main development of a range of shaft generators, power the market that the Rolls-Royce
shaft line. The Twin Input battery and electric hybrid management control system portfolio extends way beyond
incorporates two input flanges propulsion systems is at the and Twin Input US255 azimuth our US-type azimuth thrusters –
(through shaft), with one on heart of these new products.” thrusters. the propulsion system of choice
the main engine side and the Baydelta’s new class of The arrangement provides for this segment.
other located 180 degrees on hybrid tug will be the first electric power to two US255 “Our US255 azimuth thrusters
the auxiliary. reference for the Twin Input azimuth thrusters with ducted are ideally suited to provide the
Jouni Ruohonen, Manager, solution. The 100ft Z-Drive fixed pitch propellers that manoeuvrability and bollard pull
can be rotated 360 degrees needed for operations in larger
around the vertical axis. harbours, terminals and escort
This arrangement optimises applications. One of the reasons
omni-directional thrust and for success is the product’s
manoeuvrability as well as ability to provide bollard pull
providing improved crash of 90 short tonnes-plus.”
stop capability. Erik adds: “The key benefit
Erik Larsen, Rolls-Royce, of operating these thrusters in
Vice President – Tug and a hybrid configuration is that it
Fish Americas, says: “Baydelta provides significantly greater
Maritime is a long-standing operational flexibility. Typically,
customer and this order is of a tug of this size needs a power
particular significance because output of 2,500kW per thruster.
it marks our first hybrid system The hybrid arrangement allows
for a tug. The tug will provide operators to achieve the same
Hybrid System for Baydelta 100ft Z drive improved fuel efficiency and required bollard pull from a
emissions for Baydelta. It shows combination of smaller engine

BAYDELTA
TUG FACTS
100
length in feet
90
short tonnes
bollard pull
“Twin Input enables power from

both sides of the thruster...Dual
Input provides freedom of choice
for power take-in/out speed”
Jouni Ruohonen
and electric motor, saving on operate diesel-electric or full

fuel in the process.” electric, achieving around 7-8
Our hybrid system allows for knots in electric-only mode.
the vessel to operate using full The flexibility provided by
diesel, or diesel-electric. They these types of drive systems Read more
can still achieve a bollard pull significantly reduces Baydelta’s about hybrid
technology on
of 90 short tonnes in combined fuel costs and emissions, the Indepth
mobile app
diesel-electric mode while while being supplied with To find out more
assisting the large container the same power and vessel Indepth for iPhone about our SAVe range
is on the Apple
ships and tankers that operate characteristics needed for their App Store and on of electric and hybrid
in US West Coast ports. operations – taking big steps Google Play for propulsion systems, go
Android devices
While in transit or loitering, towards a sustainable and green to www.rolls-royce.com/
the vessels can then choose to future for tugs. ● electric-hybrid-propulsion

CASE STUDY No1
The technology for zero emissions is

being developed for cargo vessels linking
the near continent and UK. Rolls-Royce
We help cargo vessels make
has developed a concept for a 1,200 TEU one: 162 nautical miles berth to berth, in Rotterdam only, while batteries would be
container ship under the title Electric partly in the southern North Sea where charged when in port in both London and
Green – a zero emissions version of the the design speed of 12 knots can be Rotterdam, but there would be no charging
Electric Blue design – and also studied the maintained, but with a significant low on board. The role of the batteries would
case of an operation between Rotterdam speed sector at each end. be to balance loading, peak shaving and
and London. At the Dutch end, there is the Maasvlakte power when manoeuvring.
Energy for propulsion and ship services channel approach to Rotterdam: 3.7 nautical The ship has twin-screw electric
is provided by a combination of hydrogen in miles with a speed limit of 7 knots. propulsion in a Promas arrangement.
liquid or compressed storage and batteries At the English end, the Thames Estuary Proton-exchange membrane (PEM) fuel
charged from land power, supplemented by approach to Thames Haven is 9.6 nautical cells containerised at a density of 500kW
solar panels. miles with a speed limit of 8 knots. per TEU of space and fed with hydrogen
The operating profile is an interesting Hydrogen storage would be exchanged from containerised storage would have
The Electric Green concept
GREEN
By Richard White
B
attery electric and battery
hybrid systems for marine
propulsion are today’s solution
for reducing or eliminating
emissions from vessels. Batteries are
far from new, and at the beginning
of the 20th century there were many
FOR GO
pleasure craft using them, with
extensive charging facilities on
popular waterways.
The main types of diesel engine
and battery hybrids were quickly
developed for naval submarine
propulsion as they met the extreme
multimode requirement of a safe fuel
and long range on the surface and an
air-independent propulsion system
when submerged.
The limiting factor was the

ROLLS-ROYCE
IN ACTION
the switch to electric power 0

emissions
an output of 4,000kW. Battery packs give port, the ship will connect to the shore grids
about 1MWh per TEU of space. for battery charging and services.
Solar cell array positioned along the As with most feasible low/no emission
sides of the freight container stacks solutions for ships, this fuel cell and battery
are expected to provide a further 600- hybrid concept offers a way towards
2100kWh of electrical energy per day zero local emissions, but of course, total
162
depending on weather and season. emissions of greenhouse gases depend on
For this route, the fuel cells will supply the electricity generation profiles of the
most of the energy for propulsion in transit two countries and how the hydrogen is nautical miles
at service speed, the batteries taking over in manufactured.
the channel sectors and when manoeuvring, On selected other routes, the total
with a small supplement of solar power. In emissions might also be zero. l
12
knots design
speed
The road to emission-free and sustainable shipping is a long An end result can also be engines
and challenging one, but thanks to exciting innovation and of high performance benefitting from a
narrower range of dynamic load change.
strong partnerships, Rolls-Royce is well prepared for the Alternatively, where a vessel operates
journey. We look at some of the challenges and solutions in several different modes at different
involved – and how we’re facing them times, the battery can cover all power
requirements in some of the modes, and
restricted energy storage capacity of propulsion within reach for a variety supplement the engines in others.
batteries, both in terms of kilowatt hours of vessels, short-run cross-fjord ferries Harbour tugs, for example, spend little
per kilogram of battery and per cubic for example. of their lives pushing or pulling at full
metre of battery volume, plus slow rates With current technology and prices, power, and more in transit or standing
of charge and discharge if damage to the hybrids of diesel or LNG-fuelled engines by and waiting for a ship. They are good
battery was to be avoided. combined with batteries make sense at candidates for hybrid solutions.
In recent years, the main disadvantages several levels for a much wider spectrum Likewise, ferries spending part of their
have been overcome with lithium of vessels. time in transit at high power and the rest
chemistry, and development proceeds at At a system level, the battery can manoeuvring at low speed, or stationary at
speed, in the direction of higher energy absorb rapid changes in load and allow the quay with the hotel load to be covered,
density, rapid charge/discharge and the power management system to run are candidates for hybrid.
lower cost per kWh, with safety in marine the optimum number of engines at more The possibilities are endless and
applications a major consideration. constant higher load, with resulting Rolls-Royce has the knowledge, practical
This has brought pure battery reduction in emissions. experience, products, advanced controls

Watch more on
the Rolls-Royce
CASE STUDY No2
channel
Hybrid yacht concept

Crystal Blue
and deep integration systems. Correctly longer term, wave, tide and current, plus
applied, these types of solution can geothermal at certain locations.
reduce or eliminate emissions from the Of course, marine propulsion also Share and
save Indepth
vessel itself, in terms of troublesome local needs the energy to be stored and articles with
emissions of NOx, particulates and SOx, transported. the Indepth
mobile app
and also global warming gases like CO2. Hydrogen is seen as a promising future
Indepth for iPhone
Zero local emissions can be claimed for marine fuel for certain applications. The is on the Apple
pure battery systems, often trumpeted attraction is that its combustion product App Store and on
Google Play for
as clean and green, but the picture can in principle is only water. It can be used in Android devices
change radically if the source of the piston engines or fuel cells. The problem is
electricity for charging the battery is that hydrogen has to be manufactured; it
taken into account. is an energy carrier and not a fuel as such.
When the question of sustainable Hydrogen is made in industrial
energy sources is raised, the picture quantities and defined systems exist for
becomes more complex. Fossil fuels transporting it in cylinders as gas at high
are falling out of favour politically and pressure, usually 350bar or 700bar, or
environmentally. The challenge is in more energy-dense liquid form
the rate at which the products of which involves more technical
combustion are being dumped challenges as storage is at
into the atmosphere. very low temperature – only
A few countries can about 20 degrees above
generate electricity for all absolute zero – or adsorbed Rolls-Royce is the
Water is Hydrogen’s
purposes from hydropower, in metals. technology partner in a
principle combustion
almost emission-free at Making hydrogen is an new R&D project, along
product
the end user. Norway is energy-intensive process, with Color Line, Norled
a fortunate example. Some and widespread use of and Kystverket, with
have only brown coal as fuel for hydrogen for marine propulsion the work supported by
power stations, so current comes with a can probably only be justified if the Forskningsrådet’s ENERGIX
substantial environmental load. Many have process uses energy from renewable programme.
a mix of fossil and renewable sources, such sources. This may be hydrolysis of water The aim of the Zero
as the UK. into hydrogen and oxygen electrically Emission Ferry project is
For the future, if fossil fuel use is based on solar, hydro or wind power. l new electrical systems that
limited, the original energy sources come are cheaper, give better
down to renewables, primarily hydro, solar For further information email use of energy, stable
(photovoltaic or thermal), wind and, in the sigurd.ovrebo@rolls-royce.com operation and simpler
integration in the vessel.
This work is wide-
Smart container ship ranging, covering systems
design, Electric Blue for energy storage, energy
management, distribution
on board and charging.
All the partners have
expertise to contribute –
and definite goals they
want to achieve. “We are
in process of reducing

A 3D sketch of a greener multipurpose
vessel to be delivered to the Norwegian
Coastal Authority by the end of 2018
ZERO HOUR
“Norway is well ahead with and reduce running
hours on the machinery.
work on green shipping, and Not least we are trying
to obtain more of our
we see good export potential energy from renewable
in these systems in the future” shore supplies instead
of from fossil fuels.”
Sigurd Øvrebø Kystverket brings
practical operating
experience with battery
emissions from our fleet of the technology is ready.” Systems, Rolls-Royce. hybrid systems. Its first
ferries, both fast ferries and For Rolls-Royce, the “Norway is well ahead with multipurpose vessel has
vehicle/passenger vessels, aim is to develop systems work on green shipping, been operating very
with the aim of becoming that are both commercially and we see good export successfully, a second with
the first Norwegian operator attractive to vessel potential in these kinds a larger battery pack is
with zero emissions”, says operators and, at the same of systems in the future.” currently being built, and
Lars Jacob Engelsen, time, environmentally “This project is a third is being planned.
Vice-MD of Norled. friendly. in line with Color This project is not just
“We are well under way “The complete systems Line’s strategy,” says talk. The ENERGIX zero
with electrification on the and individual components Electrical Inspector emission ship project
short routes. should be applicable Johann Martinussen. demands practical results,
“We are happy to to both car ferries and “Electrification of the with the goal of following
participate in this project as cruise ferries,” says Sigurd fleet is a central part of it. up the two-year research
we are keen to do the same Øvrebø, Product Manager We want to make better programme with three full-
on our longer routes when for Electrical and Energy use of energy on board scale installations. l

N AVA L
By Andrew Rice
Watch this
space...
Like most warships, space is at a premium in
the Royal Navy’s new Type 26 Global Combat
Ship. Onboard systems and stores must use the
limited area efficiently – but luckily our latest
thinking in handling systems design is making
a big difference in operating flexibility
T
he Royal Navy’s Type 26 The advanced power system is a Rolls-Royce was recently awarded
City Class of cutting-edge, combination of diesel-electric or gas a contract by BAE Systems to supply
anti-submarine warfare turbine mechanical propulsion drive the mission bay handling system
frigates will be a globally known as CODLOG. Central to the (MBHS) and replenishment equipment
deployable fleet of multi-mission system is a single Rolls-Royce MT30 for the first three ships of the class.
Read more
warships capable of undertaking gas turbine that produces 36MW of The Canadian designed MBHS about our
a wide range of roles from high- power at 38⁰C. This allows the frigate will also be built in Canada, at the naval work on
the Indepth
intensity warfare to humanitarian to reach full power in a matter of Rolls-Royce Peterborough facility, mobile app
assistance, either independently or minutes and releases the entire ship’s the centre of excellence for launch
Indepth for iPhone
as part of a task group. electrical generation system capacity and recovery systems design and is on the Apple
The ship takes full advantage of to the on-board hotel load and manufacture. App Store and on
Google Play for
modular design and open systems weapons systems. Android devices
architecture, ensuring it can be At cruising speed, or when Invaluable experience
easily upgraded as new technology engaged in anti-submarine Rolls-Royce has many
develops, and can accommodate operations, the ship will years of experience BELOW: Small
different sub-systems and equipment operate four Rolls- in designing launch craft can launch
8
suited to bespoke customer needs. Royce MTU diesel and recovery from the boom
Under current planning generators, producing
assumptions, eight Type 26 ships a total of 11.6MW to Type 26 vessels will
will be delivered to the Royal Navy power its shaft-wound be delivered to the
in both anti-submarine warfare main motors, eliminating Royal Navy
and general-purpose variants. main gearbox noise.
Operational displacement is around In this ultra-quiet diesel-
6,000 tonnes with a range of some electric propulsion configuration,
7,000 nautical miles, and includes the Type 26 – already dubbed the
a helicopter landing deck. ‘ghost ship’ – will rival the noise
The first vessel is due to signature of the Royal Navy’s Type
enter service in the early 2020s, 23 frigates, widely recognised as
with the class forecast to remain the benchmark for anti-submarine
in service until the middle of the warfare and low underwater radiated
century, and possibly beyond. noise signature.

Watch more on
the Rolls-Royce
channel
systems (LARS) for anchor handlers and craft. It can reach inside adjacent spaces position to automatically compensate
construction vessels. This experience has and, with the ISO container spreader for most of the vessel motion by rapidly
been brought to bear in designing the attached, extend its reach to 4m. This means adjusting winch speed and direction,
innovative MBHS tailored to the unique lighter parts or boxes can be easily handled, facilitating boat recovery.
requirements of the Type 26 platform. making operations in this confined space
Resembling its forerunner – the safer, simpler and more efficient. Future flexibility
commercial rail-mounted LARS, When launching and As naval requirements continue to evolve,
capable of launching and recovering small boats, the Rolls-Royce MBHS is designed to
recovering equipment from a unmanned surface vessels accommodate future upgrades like iWinch
ship’s side in severe weather (USV) or unmanned and FutureWave, so that future needs and
– the naval variant is a
telescopic luffing boom unit.
7,000 underwater vessels (UUV), a
constant tension winch – also
interoperability with other navies can be
maintained.
Range of each
It is mounted on twin rails Type 26 vessel part of the system – is used. “We know requirements change rapidly,”
that run across the width of in nautical miles Active heave compensation says Brian Morrow, Business Development
the Type 26 and its open mission (AHC) can be incorporated into Manager for Naval Handling Systems.
bay, and is designed to be truly the control system to extend vessel “As naval vessels have long service lives,
multi-purpose. operations in severe weather conditions. our system will continue to develop and
The boom is equipped with a slew drive This uses vessel motion data and feedback will be adaptable to handle the different
and is designed to take attachments that from sensors in the handling system that payloads we have yet to think of and design.
can move ISO containers or launch small monitor the handling units overboard The system will be capable of handling the
integrated portable solutions that are now
being developed.”
TYPE 26 MBHS FUNCTIONS Rolls-Royce has also designed and
developed a semi-automatic LARS system in
■■ Deploy and recover boats and unmanned vessels (UxVs) from both sides of the Canada to launch and recover 9m USVs and
ship while keeping them under positive control manned rigid inflatable boats. It is currently
■■ Reach all areas of the mission bay so boats, UxVs, large components or large fitted to a frigate. l
boxes can be handled safely at sea
■■ Load and offload containers and containerised mission packages from
either side without the aid of a dockside crane For further information email
brian.morrow@rolls-royce.com

N AVA L
STORAGE
POWER
The likely introduction of more high-powered electromagnetic systems
on future naval platforms will place greater demands on the ships’
electric power generation system. Dr Ian Whitlegg of the
Rolls-Royce Strategic Research Centre explains some of
the engineering solutions and the technology involved
T
he move to significantly more Pulsed loads to draw these pulses of energy direct from
on-board electrical power is being Industry experts draw attention to the the generators.
pioneered by the US Navy’s new potential impact on quality of power There are likely to be many different
Zumwalt-class destroyers, which supply (QPS) the intermittent, high types of pulsed loads, not just from
have gas turbine generation systems power loads but short pulses will have, weapons but also high power radars, which
capable of providing up to 78MW of power. especially to other electrical power presents the platform’s power system with
The electrical system is configured as consumers on-board. a complex load demand to manage.
an integrated power system, which enables As a naval platform’s electric power Trying to meet the load demand with
the power generated to be used for system is governed by QPS standards, conventional generators will result in the
propulsion as well as the ship’s weapons, a complete understanding of pulsed rapid deceleration and acceleration of the
sensors and on-board systems. loads is necessary to ensure the correct prime movers, and potentially the violation
Although not totally new, the system is and reliable operation of the electrical of the QPS and greater engine wear, with
an important factor for the future, as new equipment. an impact on through-life costs.
technologies that need vast amounts of Pulsed loads can be characterised
power to operate continue to evolve, are by the magnitude of the pulses and the Energy storage
tested and enter service. associated rate of change, normally A possible solution to these issues
Looking to the future, a greater referred to as the gradient of the rising being considered by Rolls-Royce is the
proportion of naval platforms are likely to and falling edges. incorporation of energy storage that is
have high-powered electromagnetic or Conventional naval platform electric more able to respond to loads with fast
directed energy weapons, which could power system design states that sufficient rise times, thereby leaving the platform’s
provide advantages in terms of operational generation capacity should be installed so gas turbine generators (GTA) providing a
effectiveness and cost. that the peak magnitude of any load can continuous, near steady-state load.
However, power-hungry electric be safely accommodated. Energy storage can respond to
weapons will have a real impact on the However, dependent on type, the peak the changes in load demand in the
platforms’ electrical power system. This magnitude of these anticipated pulsed sub-second timeframe, and is therefore
is because very high amounts of energy loads is likely to be in terms of gig joules capable of responding to these fast rise
are demanded for just short periods of at a rate of change well outside the time loads.
time. This creates an intermittent pulsed performance capability of any generator, Current energy storage systems vary.
power demand characteristic, placing a placing unacceptable transient loads on Some are able to provide high power
significant burden on the ship’s electric the power system. density, while others provide high energy
power generation system. These constraints mean it is impractical density, but essentially the characteristics

ROLLS-ROYCE
IN ACTION
78MW
maximum power
generated by
Zumwalt class
gas turbines
A Rolls-Royce energy storage solution

concept for an autonomous naval platform
of the energy and energy compensation to the possible high-powered electric

THE DESIGNER’S CHOICE storage need aggregate power demand at the systems are evolving, the naval
to complement main switchboard; or a distributed industry continues to assess the
■■ Centralised System the dynamic system, comprising matched possible solutions.
Multiple energy storage, behaviour of the energy storage solutions capable Rolls-Royce firmly believes that
providing power and energy GTA, and thereby of providing the power or energy when the impact of life on the GTAs
to aggregate power demand a fully optimised compensation to specific loads, and performance on the platform’s
at main switchboard system solution at the point of connection to the electric power generation system
is achieved. electric power system. are fully considered, then the best
■■ Distributed System In this way, Energy storage is also a key position for the energy storage
Matched energy storage the concept of factor in other naval application, closely coupled the GTA is the
providing power or energy a centralised like autonomous vessels. It will optimum solution. Ultimately, naval
to specific loads at point power station, provide the platform with a cost- platform electric power generation
of connection to electric comprising GTAs effective and reliable means of system design is changing. ●
power system and energy propulsion at lower speeds and
storage is without running engines – also a key
developed. requirement for stealth. For further information email
Alternatively, the pulsed load Today, as the load demands of benjamin.thorp@rolls-royce.com
demand could be considered at the
point of consumption. A distributed
system raises the need to match
2
Rolls-Royce
the energy storage performance
to the load characteristics of
MT30 gas each consumer, exactly. As this is
turbines on distributed throughout the platform,
each Zumwalt this solution is a resilient one,
although there is a greater volume
of the ship used by energy storage,
which increases the challenge for
the designer.
Therefore, systems designers
2
have a choice. A centralised system,
consisting of energy storage The US Navy’s new Zumwalt class benefits from a
RR4500 solutions optimised with the GTA, range of advances in electric systems design
turbines able to provide the necessary power
also fitted

N AVA L / C U S T O M E R
Turkish boat builder ARES has exceeded expectations by ROLLS-ROYCE

delivering a record-breaking contract for the Qatari Coast Guard IN ACTION
ahead of schedule. In just 12 years, its vessels’ higher speeds
and increased manoeuvrability have led to an impressive global
customer list – with Rolls-Royce as a vital strategic partner
I 46
n 2006, when Kerim Kalafatoğlu products, particularly aluminium, delivered sophisticated tonnage to
founded ARES, he breathed steel and composite-hulled vessels, naval forces, coast guards, maritime
new life into his family’s long perfecting a unique system of police, port security and customs- engines and
boatbuilding history. While the automated vacuum fusion. enforcement directorates in the likes waterjets being
naysayers advised against it, calling “We brought this in to the military of Qatar, Bahrain and Nigeria. supplied
it an exercise in romanticism, craft building industry for the first Having worked closely with to ARES
Mr Kalafatoğlu was adamant the new time with epoxy resin,” says Mr ARES for a number of years,
shipyard in the Antalya Free Zone Kalafatoğlu. These new composite Rolls-Royce has delivered a number
on the south coast of Turkey would boatbuilding materials, used in ARES’s of advanced solutions to help satisfy
be a success. He was right. Hercules series, can help vessels their customers. Mr Kalafatoğlu says:
Twelve years on and ARES is achieve higher speeds and increased “We have gone from a buyer-seller
one of the world’s fastest-growing manoeuvrability due to the reduction relationship to a level of strategic
3
shipyards and an industry leader in weight and increase in strength. partnership. We’ve worked closely on
in military and governmental craft. ARES, the only shipyard in some important projects and they’ve
ARES began its new journey with Turkey with these specialised skills, brought a lot of support.” different
the successful deliveries of pleasure is expected to be a major player in To mark 12 years of innovation, sizes of craft
craft, fishing and leisure boats. future composite designs, especially ARES handed over the flagship fitted with
Over the past 12 years, the yard has military and governmental craft. vessel for the Qatari Coast Guard. Rolls-Royce
expanded exponentially, taking on It is certainly building up an The ARES 150 Hercules, a 48m solutions
new personnel and developing new impressive customer list having Offshore Patrol Vessel, is the largest
Turkish
delight
By Connie Hanbury

of a fleet of 17 craft being built for
the Coast Guard and features our
MTU Series 4000 diesel engines and
twin 71S4 waterjets.
Rolls-Royce is supplying 46
engines and waterjets for ARES,
across three different sizes of craft.
The MTU 12V 2000M84 diesel
engines and Kamewa 50A3 series
waterjets are being supplied for the
24m ARES 75 Hercules and ARES 110
Hercules craft – awarded the World’s
Best Patrol Boat in 2016. “looking forward to having the 150 expanding its footprint from 15,000 to
Mr Kalafatoğlu explains how this Hercules in Doha to begin exercises 25,000m2 in the next year, the yard will
vessel “broke records and is the with allies’ forces”. reach is largest capacity in 2018.
largest contract ever signed for The ARES 150 Hercules boasts Rolls-Royce is proud to be working
composite fast patrol boats and the the largest composite hull ever built with ARES on a number of new projects
Turkish Republic’s largest-ever naval in Turkey, and at up to 40 knots, the Read more which will see more innovation brought
export programme”. world’s fastest Offshore Patrol Vessel. about our to life.
partnerships
Commissioned to protect Qatar’s While ARES might be coming to on the Indepth An energetic company on the
mobile app
vital industries, seven 34m ARES 110 the end of this recording-breaking cusp of much bigger things. Not
Hercules Fast Patrol Craft and five contract an impressive 18 months Indepth for iPhone many yards can deliver 48m vessels
is on the Apple
24m ARES 75 Hercules Fast Patrol ahead of schedule, it marks the App Store and on in just 10 months – an achievement
Craft have already been delivered. turning of a corner for the shipyard. Google Play for Mr Kalafatoğlu puts down to “a talented
Android devices
During the handing-over ARES was awarded Turkey’s fastest- and experienced workforce”. l
ceremony, Qatari Commander growing company of the year in 2016
Brigadier General Ali Al Badeed Al and new orders are already being
Mannai told us he was, “very happy made for the Hercules series. Taking For more information email
with the ships’ performance,” and is, on new manufacturing facilities, jay.dagher@rolls-royce.com
“The Qatari contract is the largest

contract ever signed for composite fast
patrol boats and the Turkish Republic’s
largest-ever naval export programme”
Kerim Kalafatoğlu

TECHNOLOGY
Lean
Installing our Promas propeller
and rudder package in its tankers
has taken efficiency to a whole
new level for Glencore Oil – and
it has the test results to prove it
W
hen the shipping tankers. This has resulted in annual
arm of Glencore Oil savings for Glencore of roughly US$
ordered two ECO 700,000 per ship, based on $350
product tankers tonne/IFO380.
from South Korean shipbuilder While this enviable fuel saving
SPP in 2011, they insisted that a – and consequent reduction in
Rolls-Royce Promas propeller and emissions – has resulted from a
rudder package was installed to help combination of improved hull
improve fuel efficiency further. form, new electronically-controlled
To measure performance MAN main engine, hull coating
improvements against the shipyard’s and Promas, Glencore also said
standard equipment, classification the installation of the Rolls-Royce
society Lloyd’s Register of Shipping propeller-rudder combination also
was appointed to oversee model helped to reduce operational costs
tests conducted at the independent elsewhere.
national model basin in Bulgaria. Cavitation erosion has decreased
Although the 53,000 deadweight and recent underwater inspections
tonne vessels – delivered in 2014 have revealed no pitting or
as Alpine Maria and Alpine Mary – cavitation damage to the propellers.
were designed for optimum energy This is likely to reduce Glencore’s
and environmental efficiencies, the dry-docking costs as they anticipate
model tests verified the efficiency no major repairs to the propeller or
gains of the Promas equipment. rudder.
These improvements were Propeller-induced lower noise
significantly better than the and vibration are other discernible
shipyard’s standard offering benefits. Following a series of
and consistent with vibration measurements aboard both
Glencore’s commitment vessels, Glencore noted that the
to reducing emissions. readings were very good – in fact
In addition, when in better than they had ever seen for
operation, the efficiency this class of ship.
gain was further The ships’ crews agree. According
improved and an to Keith Tyler, Sales Manager,
increase on that Rolls-Royce Commercial Marine:
recorded during the “The crews are very pleased. They
model tests. tell me they are the quietest tankers due to lower propeller induced
Indeed, after two they have been on.” hull pressures pulses and a similar
years of operation, One of the reasons for reduction in ship machinery
Glencore has noticed this, explains Joakim H. vibration levels.”
that each vessel Grytzelius, at Rolls-Royce Promas integrates the propeller, a
achieved efficiency AB, Kristinehamn, hubcap, rudder bulb and the rudder
improvements in the Sweden, is that the itself into a single hydrodynamic
region of 23 per cent, Promas integrated propulsion efficient unit. A tapered hubcap
resulting in a daily reduction and manoeuvring system can fitted to the propeller hub leads the
in fuel consumption of 5.5 tonnes accommodate greater loads on the water flow onto a bulb which forms
compared to other similar sized propeller blades. part of the spade rudder. The rudder
tankers in the company’s 41-vessel He says: “This is because the has a twisted leading edge, optimised
fleet. load is more evenly distributed for the flow from the propeller, which
Based on service speeds of 13 across the entire blade, resulting converts the swirl energy in the
knots, Alpine Mary and Alpine Maria in substantially lower cavitation slipstreams, which is normally lost,
typically burn 17.5 tonnes of fuel compared to other fixed into additional forward thrust.
a day as opposed to the 23 tonnes pitch propellers. We can achieve “The four-bladed propeller which
burned by other non-Promas MR a reduction in ship hull vibrations we matched to the Glencore vessels’

machines
By Patrik Wheater
“Not only does this afford

full inter-changeability,
it reduces the need for
a spare propeller shaft
and also offers considerable
cost savings in terms of
downtime, maintenance
and repairs”
Joakim H. Grytzelius
hull and operating profile also torque calculations had been compared to model scale results
incorporates a SKF propeller sleeve, underestimated and therefore failed for this vessel type.
which is designed to simplify the to meet SOLAS requirements. But “This particular configuration also
process of removing the screw,” Glencore was able to work with Rolls- benefits from using synthetic rudder
says Joakim. Royce to address the issue. bearings which significantly reduce
“Not only does this afford full Keith Tyler, Sales Manager, friction losses, compared to typical
inter-changeability, it reduces the Rolls-Royce, Commercial Marine, bronze bushings.”
need for a spare propeller shaft and takes up the story: “We updated the Glencore will now continue
also offers considerable cost savings rudder torque predictions, based on to monitor the efficiency gains it
in terms of downtime, maintenance measured rudder performance in full has achieved with these two ships
and repairs.” scale, and increased the size of the as part of the company’s much
While the operational benefits steering gear accordingly. wider commitment to reducing its
of the Promas system have been “This upgrading involved environmental footprint across all its
verified by Glencore, the installations replacing the bronze rudder bearing divisions. l
to Alpine Mary and Alpine Maria with a self-lubricating polymer
were not without their challenges. bearing.”
The rudder of the Promas system He adds: “We learned a lot from
gave Glencore problems during this project. We found greater For further information email
sea trials, as steering gear rudder performance in full scale keith.tyler@rolls-royce.com

TECHNOLOGY
By Richard White
Vessels with complex operating profiles need

a very specific solution to achieve efficient
propulsion. Luckily, Rolls-Royce has found the
perfect answer for a border patrol vessel and
two busy passenger ferries – a controllable pitch
propeller flanked by two Azipull thrusters
Pitch
PERFECT
PAGE “The two-wing Azipull
38
azimuth thrusters...
enable large turning forces
to be exerted”
W
hen it comes to manoeuvring under normal cruising
propelling a ship conditions. The centreline CPP is
there are many brought into action purely for boost
possible solutions, power when high speed is required.
from conventional twin screws to Rolls-Royce AZP thrusters and
azimuth thrusters and combinations propellers are both available with a
of propellers and azimuth thrusters. feathering position for their propeller
A Rolls-Royce flexible solution blades in addition to the controllable
that has been applied successfully pitch function, which means that drag
to ships with different operating is minimised.
profiles combines a controllable pitch For ferries working from shallow
propeller (CPP) on the centreline with harbours, the smaller propellers and
Azipull thrusters either side. accurately-vectored thrust of the
It’s ideal where a vessel has an Azipull units reduce the risk of sea
operational profile demanding a bed erosion and the stirring up of old
variety of speeds and hence power polluted sediment.
inputs to the propulsion system. The Apart from offering propulsion
resulting propulsion efficiency is high efficiency in multiple operating modes,
across the various operating modes the system allows maximum flexibility
and manoeuvrability is also good. in the power train. Typically, the
This system can be configured Azipulls are electrically driven, while
in several ways. Azipull thrusters the centre CPP may have electrical
with their pulling propellers not or mechanical drive. In addition, the
only provide vectored thrust for power plant can be optimised for each
agile manoeuvring, but because operating condition, giving a high
their streamlined underwater bodies level of propulsion redundancy to
provide a large rudder effect under meet safe return-to-port rules.
normal straight-ahead sailing, no The vessels on the following pages
separate rudders are required. show how this Rolls-Royce propulsion
The centreline propeller can also system has been successfully applied
concentrate on supplying thrust. to very different types of vessel...
A rudder behind the centre CPP
might be required depending on
the size of the vessel and the overall
dynamic course characteristics
resulting from the properties of the
“It’s ideal where a vessel

hull and its steering devices.
For one type of application, such
has an operational
as ropax vessels, the Azipulls provide
all propulsion and manoeuvring in
profile demanding a
port and harbour approaches up to
a given speed.
variety of speeds and

From there up to cruising speed,
the centreline Kamewa CPP can either
hence power inputs to

take over or supplement the thrusters.
In another class of application,
the propulsion system”

such as patrol craft, the Azipull
thruster provides both propulsion and

TECHNOLOGY
Putting innovation
CASE STUDY No1
The Finnish border guard vessel Turva was

built to undertake a variety of tasks, each
of which puts different demands on the
17m-wide vessel and its propulsion system.
Among its roles are border security,
search and rescue, pollution response,
emergency towing and fire fighting. For
year-round operation, it also needs to break
ice up to 0.8m thick at three knots.
These tasks involve very different speeds
and powers. Therefore Rolls-Royce devised
a propeller and thruster combination plus
a multifunctional propulsion control system
that caters for the load change response
of the dual-fuel engines, which normally
operate on liquefied natural gas (LNG).
Various options were considered, but
the final choice was a Rolls-Royce system
combining electrical and mechanical
transmissions for greatest efficiency.
The centreline propeller is flanked by
two Azipull 120 steerable thrusters with
pulling propellers, with all rudder effect
provided by the foil-shaped Azipull legs. For
most lower speed work and manoeuvring,
only the electrically-driven Azipull units are
in action, each transmitting up to 2,400kW
to their 2.85m diameter CPPs, with the
centreline propeller fully feathered for
minimum drag. In situations calling for full
speed, or for icebreaking, the centreline
propeller is brought into service. It is a CP
unit 3.4m in diameter CASE STUDY No2 7.5m, and the depth varies between
rated for 5,400kW, 14m and 21m over the rest of the route.
mechanically coupled When sister vessels Copenhagen Another complicating factor is the
through a reduction and Berlin entered service at the strong cross-current at the opening
gearbox also driving a beginning of 2017 on the Gedser- between the piers at Gedser.
96
shaft generator. Rostock route between Denmark and The operating strategy is therefore
The control system Germany, the two new ferries, together to accelerate rapidly to eight knots
metres long regulates power to with associated improvements at astern when leaving Gedser, then
both the propeller the terminals, doubled the transport turn the vessel once outside the port,
and Azipull thrusters. capacity on this vital route between proceed to Rostock, and turn again
A tunnel and a Scandinavia and Europe. before entering berth stern first.
retractable thruster Berlin and its sister can carry 1,300 On the return trip, the ferries go
at the bow work with passengers in considerable comfort ahead from berth to berth. Transit
18
the main propulsion and the equivalent of 460 cars or 96 speeds that give optimum fuel economy
system to meet DP2 trucks. Both were designed specifically were selected for the given departure
knots full speed dynamic positioning for the route and feature a centreline frequency, which is 20 departures
requirements. l CP Promas propeller/rudder and two per day in a fixed two-hour cycle,
wing Azipull thrusters. which means around 20 knots for a
The vessel length of 105-minute passage time.
169.5m with a design This way of operating puts the
draught of 5.5m is focus on manoeuvrability and speed,
optimised for Gedser and hence the design of Rolls-Royce
harbour at the Danish propulsion solution.
end of the route, and The two-wing Azipull azimuth
the design of the hull thrusters are in operation at all
took into account the stages of the voyage, each driven by
shallow water on the a 3,500kW electric motor. They enable
entire 26 nautical large turning forces to be exerted
mile run. on the vessel, whether it’s stationary
Within Gedser or moving.
The centreline propellor is flanked
by two steerable Azipull thrusters harbour, the water When reversing off the berth and
depth is only about out between the harbour piers at

to work
Gedser and dealing with the cross- forward thrust. The Promas is also a ROLLS-ROYCE
currents, the Azipulls are rotated low-drag solution in the feathered IN ACTION
for full astern thrust to give precise position. The five-bladed monoblock
course-keeping and will accelerate propellers on the Azipull units are
the ferry from standstill to eight designed to provide high propulsive
One of several power knots in less than three ship lengths. efficiency up to 17.5 knots.
options – electric Azipulls In transit, the thrusters deliver This innovative solution was
and electrical/mechanical efficient forward thrust. designed after extensive CFD
drive to centerline propeller
1,300
For manoeuvring, and at lower analysis, manoeuvring simulations
speeds, the centreline CPP in a and test tank work, with involvement
Promas system is feathered. After from Scandlines, Rolls-Royce and passenger
manoeuvring, the propeller is set to HSVA, the test tank establishment capacity
the freewheeling pitch and clutched in Hamburg.
in. The centre shaftline then Model testing was also carried
efficiently supplies the additional out in Duisburg, where the tank
propulsion thrust needed for full could be configured to evaluate
transit speed, driven through a performance in shallow waters.
combining reduction gearbox. Small underkeel clearance
460
Two generator sets, two main can give rise to propeller wear
engines and a battery pack provide or damage. To minimise this, the
a total of 18MW to the propellers thrusters are positioned close up car capacity
and the hotel load. under the hull, the CPP diameter
The Helicon X3 control system is limited to 4.6m, and the bottom
adjusts propeller pitch and of the hull is dished to give more
revolution speed, and determines clearance over the propeller.
the power fed to the azimuth As the ships run at speed in
thrusters. New propeller curves shallow waters, cavitation and
18MW
have been made for optimised pressure pulse excitation on the
operation with one or two gensets. hull were analysed in detail to
To maximise propulsive efficiency ensure they met passenger vessel of power
and reduce cavitation-induced vibration criteria.
pressure pulses, the Promas system The propulsion system complies
has a five-bladed propeller. The with Lloyd’s Register Ice Class 1C
rules. Finite element method (FEM)
analysis was also used in propeller
“This way of operating puts the design, to meet the new Finnish/
focus on manoeuvrability and Swedish rules which require blade

strength to be calculated against a 20
speed, and hence the design of set of stated ice load conditions.
Power for propulsion and hotel
knots full
speed
Rolls-Royce propulsion solution” load is provided by four diesel
engines with combined scrubbers,
rudder with a Costa bulb and a integrated with a 1.5MWh battery. l
twisted leading edge recovers
swirl energy in the propeller
slipstream that would otherwise be For further information email
lost, converting it into additional jesper.raasthoj@rolls-royce.com
Berlin and sister vessel

Copenhagen both benefit
from the Rolls-Royce system

TECHNOLOGY
By Anette Bonnevie Wollebæk
Rolls-Royce is now working with customers to develop

sensible management systems that can harness the
real power of available digital data. The end goal?
To make machinery breakdown a thing of the past
The first Ship Intelligence experience space in Ålesund opened in

November 2017. Here, customers are able to see first hand how
digital tools can help them manage their assets at sea
H
aving lots of performance
data from a ship is not
necessarily a great thing
– it’s how you turn the
data into valuable knowledge that
will make the difference. That’s why,
in November 2017, we opened the
first in a series of Ship Intelligence
experience spaces to show
customers, suppliers and partners
how the latest digital solutions can
transform the marine industry.
The demonstrators show how Ship
Intelligence systems can harness the
power of data to offer a whole host
of benefits, such as optimised fleet
operations, reduced operating costs,
improved maintenance procedures
and enhanced safety.
Demonstrates real benefits

The first Intelligent Asset
Management (IAM) space opened
late last year in Ålesund, Norway, as
part of the Rolls-Royce Technology
and Training Centre. The second
space, which focuses on Remote
and Autonomous Systems, opened in
Finland in January and is part of the
Rolls-Royce Research & Development
MAKING DATA
Centre in the city of Turku.
The IAM experience space
provides an area for Rolls-Royce
customers to physically enter the
heart of their ship’s data. Here they
can validate the advantages of using
DYNAMIC
systems such as Energy Management

“We can fully demonstrate
for our customers the very
tangible benefits of what
is often considered an
intangible technology”
Mikael Mäkinen
(EM) and Equipment Health better use of that data and give them from machinery and systems. This can
Management (EHM) in real-time, a complete digital picture of the then be used to take more effective ABOVE: Mikael
operational environments. current and potential operational and pre-emptive action. Mäkinen cuts
Marine President Mikael Mäkinen performance of their fleet.” the ribbon at
the opening of
says: “It is often difficult to convey The facilities also provide a Detects failure early
the Rolls-Royce
the many commercial and operational workspace in which Rolls-Royce and “This data is invaluable if you know Research and
benefits of new cloud-based digital customers alike can hone existing how to access and use it,” says Jan. Development
technologies. But now, with the digital solutions and collaborate on “For example, it can inform managers Centre in Turku
opening of these centres, we can fully the development of new ones. of any material degradation or likely in January,
demonstrate for our customers the The Fleet Management Command component failure before it happens, where the
company’s
very tangible benefits of what is often Centre area, meanwhile, is a proof- so replacements can be ordered
second Ship
considered an intangible technology.” of-concept for a future product before any operational disturbance. Intelligence
Rolls-Royce is also increasing that puts all the information a fleet “Reducing the frequency of experience
the size of its team in the Marine manager needs at their fingertips. unplanned maintenance events space is located
Intelligent Analytics Centre in The command centre has an will result in a fleet that always
Ålesund, headed by Jan Chirkowski. intuitive touch interface and a runs to optimum commercial and
He says: “Essentially it’s a ‘digital 6m-wide curved screen to display environmental efficiency.”
factory’ where data is transformed ship data via systems such as the The concept of real-time
into insights that help and support portals for Energy Management machinery data is common in the
more informed decision-making.” and Health Management. aviation industry, where aero-engine
The experience space in Ålesund Jan says: “The Energy performance information is critical.
is developed and operated in close Management display gives a However, bandwidth availability and
proximity to the analytics team, complete overview of the fleet’s cost have been barriers to it rolling
and typically has two distinct areas energy footprint, providing the out in the marine industry – until now.
– an Intelligent Analytics Centre information needed to optimise Mikael adds: “This information is
Collaborative Canvas area and a Fleet or adjust operating parameters crucial for performance. It can be
Management Command Centre. to achieve better energy and used to reduce fuel consumption and
Jan says: “The collaborative environmental efficiencies.” emissions, extend overhaul intervals
canvas space allows us to visualise The Health Management portal and increase system availability.
this data, co-develop product uses machine-learning algorithms to Machinery breakdowns could indeed
features with our customers to make flag up anomalies in the sensor data be a thing of the past.” l

TECHNOLOGY
The first Rolls-Royce Autocrossing

system for ferries is now in
operation. Fjord1’s full-electric
double-ended car ferry
Gloppefjord now uses Autocrossing
on the short Anda-Lote link on the
E39 highway in western Norway.
A sister ship, Eidesfjord, has also
joined the pioneer on the same
route. We take a closer look…
By Richard White
THE
PIONEER TRAIL
A
ferry crossing involves a designated point the operator can covered. Faster acceleration and
automating a distinct series engage the Autocrossing system. At slowing down gives more transit
of operations: departure the other end, in the predetermined time, which can be at a lower
from the linkspan, arrival zone, the captain disengages speed. So that total energy used
acceleration to transit speed, transit the system and takes manual control per trip is a balance between the
at constant speed, deceleration for the docking manoeuvres. phases, as shown in Fig.2.
on approach to the terminal, and If they are incapacitated or Autocrossing optimises
manoeuvring prior to connecting forget, the system brings the ferry this for different vessel loads
to linkspan. to a safe stop in the arrival zone, and weather conditions while
At present, the Rolls-Royce keeping it automatically in a fixed keeping to agreed departure
Autocrossing system is configured position instead of continuing into times and crossing durations.
to cover the middle three elements, the terminal. The captain can also Drawing on the extensive
leaving the docking manoeuvring disengage the system and resume experience and know-how of
to the captain. command any time during crossing. the Rolls-Royce hydrodynamics
Shortly after leaving the dock, at Acceleration, transit and team, advanced optimisation
deceleration methods were developed.
are the phases Combined with the efficient
where most Read more Azipull thrusters, one at each
about ferry
of the energy technology on
end, this ensures the highest
is consumed the Indepth possible energy efficiency.
mobile app
in ferries of
this type. Fig.1 Indepth for iPhone The smoothest savings
is on the Apple
(bottom right) App Store and on Propulsion motors are the
shows the five Google Play for largest energy consumers, so
Android devices
phases, the savings come from providing
area under the only enough power to
time/speed smoothly accelerate the ferry
The Gloppefjord ferry curve being to the required cruising speed
the distance in the available time. Leaving

ROLLS-ROYCE
IN ACTION
“It documents both
performance and energy
consumption, and helps to
improve operating safety”
Jann Peter Strand
120
“Our Autocrossing system minimum and to ensure sufficient low car capacity
simplifies the ferry crossing speed thrust or manoeuvring power
operation and cuts the energy during adverse weather conditions,
consumption per trip to the reducing the battery size needed.
minimum,” says Jann Peter Strand, The battery-only vessels replace
Product Manager for Automation and diesel-powered ferries, and the
Control, Rolls-Royce. “At the same lithium ion batteries are charged
time it documents both performance from shore connections to the local
and energy consumption, and also power grid at each terminal.
12
helps to improve operating safety. Azipull AZP 85CP-F thrusters
The system is delivered as an are located one at each end of a
integrated solution with propellers ferry. Both will be powered when trailers
and control systems from Rolls- manoeuvring and accelerating
Royce, both for newbuilds and away. In transit, power is
retrofit projects.” proportioned between the fore and
Gloppefjord and Eidesfjord were aft thrusters to give the highest
designed by Multi Maritime, who propulsive efficiency. l
worked with Rolls-Royce to ensure
the Azipull thruster propulsion
349
system and hullform work together For further information email
to cut the energy requirement to a jann.strand@rolls-royce.com
passengers
SPEED/TIME PROFILE AND ENERGY CONSUMPTION
this to the Autocrossing system

also takes away variations in
Fig 2
manual operation.
The Autocrossing continuously
ENERGY CONSUMPTION
2km
optimises the relationship
between propeller pitch and
rotational speed, the use of crossing
kWh
steering angle and power

distribution between aft and
forward thruster(s).
Activation and deactivation
of a feathering function of the
forward thruster is also handled
automatically. In addition to
minimising energy use, it helps to
protect the battery of these all-
electric ferries and to manage the
logistics of the charging process
at the terminals.
3
Speed (knots)
The system takes data from

the gyrocompass, Differential
2 4
Global Positioning System (DGPS), area = distance
speed log and wind sensor. The
outputs control the propulsion 1 5
thrusters and propeller pitch/rpm
to give the required acceleration TIME
and speed with optimised use of Fig 1
1 Low speed manoeuvring departing from pier
power, while keeping the ferry on • 2 Acceleration • 3 Steady speed • 4 Retardation
the chosen track. • 5 Manoeuvring towards destination pier

THE BIG PICTURE
Weatherıng the
storm Our user-friendly dynamic positioning system has

quickly helped the crew of the Skandi Vinland cope
with harsh conditions off the shore of Canada
By Frode Vik and Anette Bonnevie Wollebæk

ROLLS-ROYCE
IN ACTION
Location:
Newfoundland,
Canada
THE SKANDI
VINLAND
93
D
elivered from the Vard Langsten yard in During the spring, crews must also contend with the
Norway in May 2017, the 93m-long Skandi many challenges that pack ice brings, with an average metres long
Vinland is a Vard 3-08 Subsea Construction of 400 icebergs monitored in the area annually.
Vessel, equipped with a 100 tonne knuckle Captain Bryan Riggs says the multipurpose vessel
boom crane. performs various operations such as inspection,
The Skandi Vinland has a 10-year contract with installation, maintenance and repair of subsea assets
Husky Energy, operating on the White Rose Oilfield, such as manifolds, templates and pipelines. It can also
which is located 195 nautical miles from the coast of handle towing, offshore supply, ice management and
100
Newfoundland in the Jeanne d’Arc Basin on the Grand safety stand by duties.
Banks. The operation is led from DOF Subsea Canada An important tool for these operations is its two
in Mount Pearl, Newfoundland. Remote Operated Vehicles (ROV), which act as both tonne knuckle
Superintendent Leon Roebotham notes the vessel eyes and toolbox. Also important is the Rolls-Royce boom crane
has a full diesel electrical (DE) system including Icon Dynamic Positioning (DP) System, which has more
Rolls-Royce propulsion and engines. than met crew expectations.
The advantages of a DE system are mainly Even though they hadn’t used it before, the crew
lower fuel consumption and flexibility in power say its intuitive control made it simple for the Dynamic
management, which is important for both safety and Positioning Operator (DPO) to quickly become familiar
the environment. with the system.
400
Oilfield conditions are harsh and demanding for When asked for highlights, Chief Officer Steve
both crew and vessel, with severe weather for much of Walsh says: “The training we received from Rolls-Royce
the year. Hurricane force winds during the autumn and and overall user-friendliness and clear information icebergs monitored
winter are common, with sea states to match, and fog is presentation on the user interface makes the system (annual average)
also present for much of the year. easy to operate.” l

EVENTS
MEET
THE TEAM 9
Apr
Sea-Air-Space
Navy League
Maryland, USA
(runs until 12 April)
30 ● seaairspace.org
Apr
Offshore Technology
Conference, Houston, USA
(runs until 3 May)
● 2018.otcnet.org
5
Mar
Seatrade Cruise Global

Fort Lauderdale, Florida, USA
(runs until 8 March)
● seatradecruiseglobal.com
28
Nov
International
WorkBoat Show
New Orleans, USA
(runs until 30 November)
● workboatshow.com
30
16 May
Nov
Canadian Association of
Pacific Marine Expo Defence and Security
Seattle, USA Industries (CANSEC)
(runs until 18 November) Ottawa, Canada (runs until 31 May)
● pacificmarineexpo.com ● defenceandsecurity.ca/
CANSEC

2018 will be a busy year for the
Rolls-Royce Marine Sales & Marketing
team. Here’s where you’ll find us in the
months ahead – so come and say hello and
21 discover the latest in marine innovation
Aug
Nor-Fishing
Trondheim, Norway
(runs until 24 August)
● nor-fishing.no 27
Aug
ONS
Stavanger, Norway
(runs until 30 August)
● ons.no
4
Sept
SMM
Hamburg, Germany
(runs until 8 September)
● smm-hamburg.com
20
Jun
Korean Ocean Expo

Songdo, South Korea
(runs until 22 June)
● koreaoceanexpo.co.kr
11
Apr
DEFEXPO
Chennai, India
4 (runs until 14 April)
● defexpoindia.in
Jun
Posidonia
Athens, Greece
(runs until 8 June)
● posidonia-events.com
25
Jun 14
Mar
Balt Military Expo
Gdansk, Poland Asia Pacific Maritime
(runs until 27 June) Singapore (runs until 16 March)
● baltmilitary.amberexpo.pl ● apmaritime.com
For further information email

donna.wightman2@rolls-royce.com

rolls-royce.com
Keep Marine in the

palm of your hand
The world of Marine is fast-moving and ever-changing,
but luckily the Indepth mobile app puts the latest
products and services right at your fingertips.
Download information quickly. Access technical
support 24/7. Search, share and save your favourite
Indepth articles. Book an event and explore project
insights. Fascinating, free and easy to use, it’s
available for iPhone, iPad and Android users.
Just search for ‘Rolls-Royce Indepth’ in

the Apple App Store or Google Play.

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Issue 32 ● March 2018

Ship Intelligence Sustainability Technology

Rolls-Royce Indepth magazine 03

Thought leadership from

04 Rolls-Royce Indepth magazine

While a clear focus on indicator of global change,

www.rolls-royce.com/marine marineinfo@rolls-royce.com www.linkedin.com/company/rolls-royce

Rolls-Royce Indepth magazine 05

News The latest developments from the

Upgrade for battery vessels

First-class results for hybrid Daegu frigate

06 Rolls-Royce Indepth magazine

The new facility in Turku

Rolls-Royce Indepth magazine 07

08 Rolls-Royce Indepth magazine

Rolls-Royce Indepth magazine 09

10 Rolls-Royce Indepth magazine

Intelligent data fusion

Rolls-Royce Indepth magazine 11

12 Rolls-Royce Indepth magazine

“It could create greater spatial and

Rolls-Royce Indepth magazine 13

14 Rolls-Royce Indepth magazine

Rolls-Royce Indepth magazine 15

Rolls-Royce is playing a central role in new

16 Rolls-Royce Indepth magazine

Rolls-Royce Indepth magazine 17

How do you build the toughest and greenest

18 Rolls-Royce Indepth magazine

Rolls-Royce Indepth magazine 19

Experience gained from fishing, seismic

For further information email

The Sir David Attenborough

20 Rolls-Royce Indepth magazine

EXPERTISE, TAKE A BOW

One key design challenge to Good icebreaking generally

MOON POOLS’ WATERTIGHT SOLUTION

Rolls-Royce Indepth magazine 21

Tugboats, long the workhorses of the maritime industry,

22 Rolls-Royce Indepth magazine

“Twin Input enables power from

and electric motor, saving on operate diesel-electric or full

Rolls-Royce Indepth magazine 23

CASE STUDY No1

The technology for zero emissions is

The Electric Green concept

24 Rolls-Royce Indepth magazine

the switch to electric power 0

Rolls-Royce Indepth magazine 25

Hybrid yacht concept

26 Rolls-Royce Indepth magazine

Rolls-Royce Indepth magazine 27

28 Rolls-Royce Indepth magazine

Rolls-Royce Indepth magazine 29

30 Rolls-Royce Indepth magazine

A Rolls-Royce energy storage solution

of the energy and energy compensation to the possible high-powered electric

Rolls-Royce Indepth magazine 31

Turkish boat builder ARES has exceeded expectations by ROLLS-ROYCE

32 Rolls-Royce Indepth magazine

“The Qatari contract is the largest

Rolls-Royce Indepth magazine 33

34 Rolls-Royce Indepth magazine

“Not only does this afford