CHAPTER I

The Problem and It’s Background

A. Introduction

Today eggs are often used for recipe, for viand and for soap. But now
you may also discover that eggs are can used as paint. In this project, most
often used in Egg Tempera are only the contents of the yolk. The white of
the egg and the membrane of the yolk is discarded.

Egg Tempera is a painting process that uses egg yolk to bind

pigments. It is water soluble and highly archival medium, wonderful for
fine art painting, restoration, and icon painting. It’s perfect as an under
alternative to oil paints and solvents. Egg Tempera shows the beauty of
pigments off to great advantage. Color is clear, bright and pure. Egg
Tempera is a painting technique that has been used for centuries. It is
inexpensive and easy to learn. If done right, the final product can be
amazing.

Even in early times Egg Tempera was wildly popular amongst early
Renaissance artists ( Botticelli, Giotto, Fra Angelico) and then fell out of
use with the late Renaissance artists ( Leonard da Vinci, And Michael
Angelo) when oil paint was introduced. The great thing about egg tempera
is that you can use almost anything to make pigment. Tempera artist often
grind and mix their own pigments. The egg acts as the binder, and will
stick almost any pigment to many different surfaces. In this project, the
researcher will use food coloring mix with water and egg yolk to make egg
tempera paint then add a vinegar to make the paint last longer.
B. Statement of the Problem

Egg Tempera paint may or may not be an efficient alternative for an

Oil paint. These following questions aim to support the topic:

1. What is the purpose of vinegar in the Egg Tempera ?

2. Is it safe on its users?
3. What colloid is formed?
4. What product gives off most vibrancy?

C. Statement of Hypothesis
In accordance of the problems sated above, here are the researcher’s
hypotheses about this study:

1. Vinegar is used for preserving the egg yolk so that it won’t produced
or releases bad odor.
2. Yes, it is safe on all users because it is a mixture of egg yolk, food
coloring, water and vinegar which is very organic.
3. A colored egg emulsion is formed when the yolk ( Ventillus) is
mixed with a tint of color.
4. The product that gives off most vibrancy is “ PRODUCT 4”.
 CHAPTER II

Review of Related Literature

Egg Tempera is an ancient technique for producing richly colored,

made from scratch at the start of each painting session, enabling students
to explore a range of recipes and techniques to create painterly effects,.
Tempera painting has been found on early Egyptians Sarcophagi
decorations.

A related technique has been used also in ancient and early medieval
paintings found in several caves and rock-cut temples of India. Because egg
tempera dries very quickly, artists had to paint small areas at one time.
Artists used brushes made from animal hair, applying colors one by one,
sometimes overlapping to create depth. Egg has a clean, matte finish and a
higher color key then the oil. The subtle color variations so characteristic of
egg tempera painting are unlike the deep saturated colors typical in oil
paints. The yellow of the egg has very little effect on a tempered color. Any
initial discoloring will actually bleach out to a clear tone in time as opposed
to oil’s tendency to yellow in time.

Egg Tempera does not blend easily like oil because it dries so quickly.
This can be advantageous because tempera does not become “ muddy”
when lighter colors are applied over darker ones. One can easily renew a
color by working light over dark. In fact, a tempera painting becomes
richer when more layers are applied, unlike oil’s tendency to grow darker
with each layer. Graduated tones are achieved by applying a progressively
lighter, more opaque color to the base color, thereby gradually losing the
transparent nature of the paint while lighting the color with the
introduction of white.
 Egg Tempera is an ancient painting medium that predicates oil
painting by hundreds of years. It was use in the middle ages for religious
icon painting and used today by a myriad of artists working in various

types. Egg Tempera requires some preparations and knowledge of the

materials needed and techniques employed. Egg Tempera is a method of
painting which was largely popular in the Early Renaissance.

Egg tempera, not to be confused with poster paints you get at the
store, consists of egg yolk, water, vinegar and pigment. The egg yolk in egg
tempera serves as the binder that holds the pigment together. The addition
of water turns the paint into a usable paste-like form. Egg tempera cannot
be stored for future use. The basic supplies needed to paint with egg
tempera consist of dry pigments of various colors, an egg for each new
painting session, distilled water, and a painting surface. Egg tempera is an
oil-in-water or water-in-oil emulsion, depending upon whether the amount
of oil exceed by the amount of water in the emulsion.
 CHAPTER III

Methodology and Procedure

Materials:

These are the materials used in this research. In making Egg

Tempera paint you need the following materials: Egg yolk to act as binding
material and food coloring. On this study, the researcher used the red food
coloring, you also need a few drops of vinegar for long fermentation and to
avoid bad odor from the egg yolk and few drops of water for vibrancy effect
of the color. You need a paintbrush, a palette and a bond paper for paint
testing.

Method of Research:

Egg tempera is composed of pigment, water, vinegar and especially

the egg yolk. The researcher gathered ll the information before doing the
research. And here’s how: First crack the egg and separate the egg yolk
from the egg white, carefully dry the egg yolk; use paper towel or simply
pass the yolk from your right to left hand to dry it. Once it was completely
dry, gently pierce the egg yolk to get only the yolk and put it in a bowl. You
can now add a few drops of vinegar and water to the yolk. Prepare the food
coloring in the palette and add yolk to the food coloring, mix it and it is
ready for paint testing. You can add a few more drops of water for vibrancy
effect.
 CHAPTER V

Conclusions and Recommendations

A. Conclusion

Arriving at results and outputs, the researcher came up that Egg

Tempera is effective as paint. The product which gives off the most
vibrancy is Product 1 in contradiction to our hypothesis. Product 4 has the
advantage of time span storing because it has the most water. It doesn’t dry
quickly (evaporation).

1. The vinegar used in the mixture prevents the bad odor from the
egg yolk and the long fermentation of the vinegar also helps in
time span storing of the product.

2. Yes, it is very safe on its users because it is natural / organic.

3. The Egg Tempera Mixture itself is a colloid.

According to the data, Product 1 is the most vibrant because it has the
less water and it has the shorter time span storing as it evaporates quickly
due to less amount of water. Same goes with Products 2, 3, & 4. Water, as
we know is a base. According to our result, the vibrancy the time span of
the mixture depends on the water added.
B. Recommendation

Many people around the world are artists. And most of them are
using chemically based paints. Big question is, “Does it ever cross our
minds, that these chemically based paints can damage our environment
and if it’s safe to use by everyone especially the young ones?” Now it’s the
time to rediscover that there are many alternative sources of paints like this
Egg Tempera Paint.

The researcher recommends this product not only to students but

also to everyone so that they could use this as an alternative for chemically
produced paints. Since this is easy to make and it is not harmful to our
health and to the environment for it is made out of egg yolk, water and
vinegar. It is proven to be effective and quality base as well. The fact that it
was used before by the great artists then why don’t we start to rediscover
the beauty of natural paint.
C. Significance of the Study

The environment impact of paint is diverse. Traditional painting

materials and process can have harmful effects on the environment,
including these from the use of lead and other additives. Measures acan be
taken to reduce environmental impact, including accurately estimating
paint quantities so waste is minimized and use of environemtally preferred
points, coatings, painting accessories and techniques.

Egg Tempera paint is water-based, non-toxic paint. It is not harmful

for Artists, painter, kids, teenagers or even in environment. If kids
accidentally swallowed the paint, it has no harmful side effects. Egg
Tempera is composed of ingredients that can be eaten such as egg yolk
(Ventillus), water, vinegar and pigment ( food color). For the environment,
Egg Tempera doesn’t produce or released any polluted, harmful gas that
can harm the humans and animals. This kind of paint has a good benefit to
artists because artists can easily blend colors for back grounds, create a
Modeling and to give a 3-dimensional shaded backgrounds. Egg temera is
adorable, cheap in price but easily to make as it shows beautiful color for
oainting process. And it is environmentaly friendlly.

D. Scope and Limitation :

This study focuses mainly on the Egg Tempera (Ventillus) paint

mixture. The materials used were just gathered around the researcher’s
household.
E. Definition of Terms

1. Albumen - simply the white part of an egg.

2. Colloid - is a substance in which microscopically dispersed insoluble

particles are suspended throughout another substance.

3. Egg Yolk – is part of an egg that feeds the developing embryo. The egg
yolk is suspended in the egg white by one or two spiral bands
of tissue called the chalzae.

4. Pigmen - is used as color for paint.

5. Vinegar – is a liquid consisting mainly of acetic acid and water

6. Paint - a substance composed of solid coloring matter suspended in

a liquid medium and applied as a protective or decorative
coating to various surfaces, or to canvas or other materials in
producing a work of art.

7. Water - a clear liquid usually used for drinking and others.

8. Ventillus - Scientific name of an egg.

 Chapter IV

Results and Discussion

Findings and Analysis of data

This shows the presentation, findings and analysis of the gathered

data. On this part you’ll determined the time span of the researcher’s
product. And which among the 4 products gives off the most vibrancy.

A. Table I – Qualitative Data of Measurement

Amount Amount Amount Amount Color of

Product of of of of egg Pigment
WATER Vinegar Pigment yolk

1 2 ml 1 ml ¼ tsp. 1 RED

2 3 ml 1 ml ¼ tsp. 1 RED

3 4 ml 1 ml ¼ tsp. 1 RED

4 5 ml 1 ml ¼ tsp. 1 RED
B. Table II – Time span of the product in terms of Storing

Product Time span of the product

1 2 hours

2 4 Hours

3 6 Hours

4 8 hours

C. Table III – Vibrancy of the product

Vibrancy of the Product

9

0
Product 1 Product 2 Product 3 Product 4
 ABSTRACT

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the Scientific name

Ventillus or egg yolk used as paint. This study also introduces the beauty of
renaissance art in Renaissance period. Most often used in egg tempera
paint is only the egg yolk or Ventillus. The membrane of the yolk and white
are discarded. The yolk is added to water and vinegar then followed by the
coloring pigments. After testing, the solution came up with an
environmental-friendly paint which has very vibrant and clear color
(depends on the color you wanted or made). Hence, the use of egg yolk
paint is highly recommended by the researcher.
Science Investigatory Project

EGG TEMPERA PAINT

Is Ventillus or Egg Yolk effective to use as

an alternative for coloring paint?

Submitted by:
Paul Chrysostom S. Yepes
V- SSC

Submitted to :
Mr. Gener C. Acol
ScienceTeacher