10-2

10-4 A steady-flow Carnot engine with water as the working fluid operates at specified conditions. Toe
thermal efficiency, the amount ofheat rejected, and the net work output are to be determined.
Assumptions 1 Steady operating conditions exist. 2 Kinetic and potential energy changes are negligible.
Analysis (a) Noting that TH = 250ºC = 523 K and TL = T,at@ 20 kPa = 60.06ºC = 333.1 K, the thermal
efficiency becomes
TL 333.1 K
77thc = 1-- =1- = 0.3632 = 36.3% T
' TH 523K
(b) The heat supplied during this cycle is simply the
enthalpy of vaporization ,
250ºC
q¡n =hfg@lSOºC =1715.3kJ/kg
q¡n \
Thus, 20 kPa
333 ·-------------3
qout = q L = !..!:.._qin = ( · l K)(l 715.3 kJ/kg)= 1092.3 kJ/kg qout

TH 523 K
(e) The net work output ofthis cycle is
Wnet = '7thqin = (0.3632Xl 715.3 kJ/kg)= 623.0 kJ/kg

10-5 A steady-flow Carnot engine with water as the working fluid operates at specified conditions. The
thermal efficiency, the amount of heat rejected, and the net work output are to be determined.
Assumptions 1 Steady operating conditions exist. 2 Kinetic and potential energy changes are negligible.
Analysis (a) Noting that TH = 250ºC = 523 K and TL = T,at@ 10 kPa = 45.8lºC = 318.8 K, thc thcrmal
efficiency becomes
=l-!..!:.._=1- 318.8K _39.04%
n« e TH 523 K T

(b) The heat supplied during this cycle is simply the

enthalpy of vaporization ,
250ºC
q¡n = h fg@ 250ºC = 1715.3 kJ/kg
Thus,

TL q¡n = (318.8K)(1715.3kJ/kg ) =1045.6kJ/kg

qout =qL =-
TH 523 K
(e) The net work output of this cycle is
Wnet = n« q¡n = (0.3904 Xl 715.3 kJ/kg)= 669.7 kJ/kg