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    The History of Ethics: Ethics From The Past Up To The Contemporary Age Ancient Greeks

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    Harold Maglalang
    The document provides a historical overview of the development of ethics from ancient philosophers through the modern era. It notes that early philosophers like Pythagoras, Heraclitus, and Confucius explored moral truths but not in a systematic way. Socrates is credited with properly introducing ethics among the Greeks. The ancient Greek philosophers Plato and Aristotle further developed systematic ethics, with Aristotle considered the founder. Roman philosophers like Democritus and the Cynics and Stoics contributed differing views. Christian morality was thoroughly developed by philosophers like Augustine. During the Middle Ages, Aquinas and others separated philosophy and theology. Later ethical philosophers from the 16th-17th centuries like Spinoza, Shaftesbury, and Hut

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    The History of Ethics: Ethics From The Past Up To The Contemporary Age Ancient Greeks

    Uploaded by

    Harold Maglalang
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    The document provides a historical overview of the development of ethics from ancient philosophers through the modern era. It notes that early philosophers like Pythagoras, Heraclitus, and Confucius explored moral truths but not in a systematic way. Socrates is credited with properly introducing ethics among the Greeks. The ancient Greek philosophers Plato and Aristotle further developed systematic ethics, with Aristotle considered the founder. Roman philosophers like Democritus and the Cynics and Stoics contributed differing views. Christian morality was thoroughly developed by philosophers like Augustine. During the Middle Ages, Aquinas and others separated philosophy and theology. Later ethical philosophers from the 16th-17th centuries like Spinoza, Shaftesbury, and Hut

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    The document provides a historical overview of the development of ethics from ancient philosophers through the modern era. It notes that early philosophers like Pythagoras, Heraclitus, and Confucius explored moral truths but not in a systematic way. Socrates is credited with properly introducing ethics among the Greeks. The ancient Greek philosophers Plato and Aristotle further developed systematic ethics, with Aristotle considered the founder. Roman philosophers like Democritus and the Cynics and Stoics contributed differing views. Christian morality was thoroughly developed by philosophers like Augustine. During the Middle Ages, Aquinas and others separated philosophy and theology. Later ethical philosophers from the 16th-17th centuries like Spinoza, Shaftesbury, and Hut

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    15 views1 page

    The History of Ethics: Ethics From The Past Up To The Contemporary Age Ancient Greeks

    Uploaded by

    Harold Maglalang
    The document provides a historical overview of the development of ethics from ancient philosophers through the modern era. It notes that early philosophers like Pythagoras, Heraclitus, and Confucius explored moral truths but not in a systematic way. Socrates is credited with properly introducing ethics among the Greeks. The ancient Greek philosophers Plato and Aristotle further developed systematic ethics, with Aristotle considered the founder. Roman philosophers like Democritus and the Cynics and Stoics contributed differing views. Christian morality was thoroughly developed by philosophers like Augustine. During the Middle Ages, Aquinas and others separated philosophy and theology. Later ethical philosophers from the 16th-17th centuries like Spinoza, Shaftesbury, and Hut

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    of 1

    Harold L.

    Maglalang
    HUB 42
    The History of Ethics
    The history of Ethics was not formed by narrating views of morality by different nations
    at different times. Its history was laid out by tackling the history of civilization, and ethnology
    itself. It is only concerned with the various philosophical systems which were incorporated as
    reference to the order of morality. Opinions from philosophers such as: Pythagoras (582-500
    B.C.), Heraclitus (535-475 B.C.), and Confucius (558-479 B.C.) gave rise to the moral truths and
    principles but not in a philosophically systematic manner. It was properly introduced among the
    Greeks, that is, in the teachings of Socrates (470-399 B.C.).

    Ethics from the Past up to the Contemporary Age

    Ancient Greeks

    Socrates (470-399 B.C.) – according to him, the ultimate object of human activity is happiness.
    Humans need virtue to reach happiness.
    Plato (427-347 B.C.) – he said that the ultimate happiness consists of the perfect imitation of
    God, the absolute good, an imitation which cannot be done in this life.
    Aristotle (384-322 B.C.) – he was considered to be the real founder of the systematic ethics. He
    chose to take his decisions from facts of experience and he analysed it accurately, and sought to
    trace their highest and ultimate causes.

    Romans

    Democritus (460-370 B.C.) – he considered that a perpetually joyous and cheerful disposition as
    the highest good of man.
    The Cynics (444-369 B.C.) – said that virtue alone can get happiness, and pleasure is an evil.
    The Zeno (336-264 B.C.) – In their opinion, virtue consist in man’s living and is according to the
    dictates of his rational and is part of the natural order. Therefore, it is harmonious with Divine
    Reason.

    Christian Morality

    St. Augustine – proceeded to thoroughly develop the philosophical lines and establish most of
    the truths of Christian morality.

    Middle Ages

    Albert the Great (1193-1280), Thomas Aquinas (1225-1274), Bonaventure (1221-1274) – they
    made a sharper line of separation between philosophy and theology, and in particular between
    ethics and moral theology.

    Ethical Philosophy 1500 – 1700’s

    Baruch Spinoza (1632-1677) – considered the self-preservation as the foundation of virtue.


    Shaftesbury (1671-1713) – basis ethics on the affections or inclinations of man.
    Hutcheson (1694-1747) – the moral sense “theory”
    Thoms Reid (1710-1796) – the common sense “theory”

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