THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS 86-GT-236

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Copyright © 1986 by ASME

Construction and Operation of Gas-Steam Combined Cycle

Plant for Higashi Niigata Thermal Power
Station No. 3
Y. SUDO
M. SATO
Y. KOBAYASHI

Thermal Power Engineering Department

Tohoku Electric Power Co., Inc.
Sendai City, Miyagi Pref.

ABSTRACT train is in a test run until the start of commercial.

This paper describes the construction and opera-
tion of the 1,090MW gas-steam combined cycle power
plant, one of the largest of its kind in the world.
The plant consists of two trains, each of which
combines three sets of gas turbines and heat recovery
steam generators with one set of steam turbines. A gas
turbine burns gasified LNG as fuel with gas firing
temperature of 1,154 ° C at the base load operation, the
highest temperature now in service, with a newly
developed low NOx premixing type combustor system and
generates 133MW each at maximum.
The construction of the plant was started in
March, 1982 and the first train, namely, one half of
1,090MW has been in commercial operation since December,
1984 with a very high average thermal efficiency of
44.1% (H.H.V.). The 1,090MW total plant is scheduled
to complete in October, 1985 when the second train
starts commercial operation.
INTRODUCTION
From a de-petroleum and energy conservation point
of view, Tohoku Electric Power Co., Inc. decided to
apply a combined cycle plant, which uses LNG as a fuel,
to Higashi Niigata Thermal Power Station that satisfies
the various requirements for a power plant siting.
This plant, which is one of the largest capacities
among the combined cycle plants in the world, is an
epochmaking plant with the optimum combination of a
large capacity high efficiency gas turbine with the
inlet gas temperature of 1,154°C, the highest among
the gas turbines now in service in the world, an
exhaust gas boiler and a steam turbine in addition to
the proven technology.
The 3-1 train of this plant started the trial run
in April 1984 and went into commercial operation on
schedule in December 1984. Since that time, the
thermal efficiency of the plant has been measured
practically with an average of 44.1%, the highest in
the world (at gross, higher heating value basis). It
has been certified that the design values have been
satisfied in the environmental protection, plant
operation including start and stop. The remaining 3-2
operations in October 1985.
OUTLINE OF PLANT PROJECT
System Composition
The plant composition consists of 6 gas turbines,
6 heat recovery steam generators (hereinafter referred
to as HRSG) and 2 steam turbines (see Fig.1). The LNG
vaporized gas is mixed with the air compressed in a
compressor directly coupled with a gas turbine and is
burned in a combustor. The combustion gas serves the
gas turbine, then generates high pressure steam in a
high pressure section of the HRSG, and nitrogen oxides
in the gas are eliminated in a Selective Catalytic
Reactor (SCR) system. The gas generates low pressure
steam in a low pressure section to heat feedwater and
then is discharged in the atmosphere. The steam
generated in the high pressure and low pressure
sections of the HRSG serves the high and low pressure
sections of each steam turbine, then is discharged in
to a condenser.
The condensate is fed to a feedwater preheater and
a deaerator of the HRSG, and then fed to the high
pressure boiler and the low pressure boiler by each
high and low pressure feedwater pump.
Principal Features of Equipment
The principal features of the plant are as
follows:
o Use of the exhaust heat recovery cycle system.
o High thermal efficiency in partial load operation.
o The highest gas turbine inlet gas temperature;
1,154°C.
o Use of the low NOx combustor without water or steam
injection.
o The heat recovery steam generators of a dual pressure
type.
o The dual pressure steam turbines, with 40 inch
blades.
o The gas turbines and steam turbines of a multiple
shaft combination.

Presented at the International Gas Turbine Conference and Exhibit

Dusseldorf, West Germany—June 8-12, 1986

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 o Use of the Selective Catalytic Reactor (SCR) system. Steel water pump
o The house power ratio which is half of the conven-
tional plant's.
o Advantage in environmental protection: 80% quantity
No
of condenser cooling water of the conventional
plant's.
o Application of the integrated digital computer
control system. –

Q. dttS
/
Kt'
4,-
Designed Performance and Equipment Specification
The decision of the plant performance and the
equipment specification is done in consideration of a
selection of the proper steam cycle, an attainment
LNG Igasaraed ► • n II
of the highest plant thermal efficiency and an Stack
3-1 traln
atmospheric temperature characteristic in the Niigata
' 3 rllII IONA
Steam turt,no
0 •Ag
area. generator
(No. 3-11 °

Designed Performance. The plant rated capacity is

oixn yy
selected to 1,090MW at 15°C of the ambient temperature
corresponding to the annual average temperature in the Conden • OOP
RMaa
Niigata area and the ISO standard. The design plant

IME
mon
thermal efficiency in this condition is 43.7% (at gross,
higher heating value basis) and it is superior by
about 10% of the relative value to the conventional LNG radkfk ed y e 614 ed Water Prerester
Gas turbine Air 0°.
thermal power plant. Fig.2 shows the characteristics venerator
S C R Sys to

of the plant thermal efficiency and Table 1 shows the Heat Recovery

design fuel characteristics. The gas turbine has a Steam Generato

characteristic that the output changes depending on the

Fig. 1 Combined Cycle Plant Configuration
intake air temperature. Accordingly, the outputs of
the steam turbine and the plant have also the same
characteristic. Fig. 3 shows the plant power output
characteristic. 45 ComtUne 0Ue power olag,
Number of gas turbine

Specifications of Major Components. All components

are designed according to the output characteristics %
with specifications to operate in the range of -1°C to
u . 40
30 ° C of the ambient temperature. Table 2 shows the
specifications of the main components.

Table 1 Design Fuel Characteristics

Orate)

35 Mark 101 means th.e measured :6..le , .

,__bleb. oemperatore 15°C

Item Specifications Condeaser ogsgom 7284-mHg

cH4 85.12 0
20 40 60 80 100
Power output (gross) (%)
C2H6 9.32
Fig. 2 Thermal Efficiency Characteristic Curve
C3118 4.58
Composition
(mol I)
i-C4H10 0.56

n - C4H10 0.41

N2 0.01

Density (kg/Nm 3 ) 0.850

Gas specific gravity (vs. air) 0.657

Higher heating value (kcal/kg) 13,045

Lower heating value (kcal/kg) 11,805

150
(Note)
Mark 10) means the
133 measured values.

– 118

100

Fig. 3 Power Output –1 15 30

Characteristic Curves Ambient temperature ('c)

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 Table 2 Specifications of Main Components Layout of Equipment
The layout of the equipment was decided in
(1) Gas turbine Single shaft, open cycle type
: 6 units
consideration of space factors for operability,
maintainability and facility of construction. Fig. 4
Output 133000 kW (118000 kW at an
ambient temp. of 15 ° C)
and 5 show the plan and the side view of the equipment
layout.
Turbine inlet pressure 13.5 kg/cm 2

Turbine inlet temper- °C
ature
1154 (base operating)
OUTLINE OF MAIN EQUIPMENT

Speed 3000 rpm
Gas Turbine
(2) Heat Recovery Steam
The gas turbine used in this plant has an increase
Exhaust heat recovery, dual
Generator pressure type:e 6 units in gas temperature of 100 ° C and about 1.3 times the
Evaporation (High press.) 194 t/h,
output compared with a conventional gas turbine.
(Low press.) 57 t/h In parallel with the development of a gas turbine,
Outlet pressure (High press.) 68 kg/cm 2 ,
a low NOx premixing type combustor has been placed
(Low press.) 6 kg/cm2 in commercial service without use of water and steam
Outlet temperature (High press.) 505 "C injection.
(Low press.) Saturated temp. The basic specification and the structure of the

gas turbine are shown in Table 3 and Fig. 6.
(3) Steam turbin Reaction, tandem-compound double
flow, dual pressure, condensing
type: 2 units Compressor.
Output 195500 kW (191000 kW at an ambient
o The compressor is used with a full-arc slit type
temp. of 15 ° C) bleeding port to prevent an surge power in the stall
Inlet pressure (High press.) 65 kg/cm 2 , region at the start.
(Low press.) 5 kg/cm2 A pork chop type stationary vane tenon is also used
Inlet temperature (High press.) 500 "C, to improve the vibrational strength due to a stall
(Low press.) Saturated temp.
and the stationary vane ring seal strip ls adopted as
Speed 3000 rpm a box type inner shroud structure.
o The blade root is coated to prevent a fretting
(4) Gas turbine generator AC synchronous generator : 6 units corrosion.
Voltage 6 Capacity 15 kV, 148000 kVA
Gas Turbine.
Number of Phase 11
frequency
3-phase, 50 Hz o For the cooling of the first and second stage
stationary vane, a double insert system is adopted
Speed 3000 rpm
to improve impingement cooling.
Especially, the first stage vane has the pin fin
(5) Steam turbine generator AC synchronous generator: 2 units
cooling in the trailing edge and the film cooling

Voltage X Capacity 15 kV, 218000 kVA on vane surface to decrease the metal temprature.
Number of phase

3-phase, 50 H, o The cooling of the first stage rotating blade is
frequency
improved with increasing of cooling air holes. The

Speed 3000 rpm second stage blade has also cooling air holes. But
in case of conventional turbine of low firing
(6) Main transformer Outdoor type: 2 units temperature, the cooling blade is required only for
Capacity

652000 kVA (at an ambient temp. the first stage.
of -1 ° C) o The blade height is designed with a large dimension
Voltage

(Primary) 14.5 kV, of 21.3 inches to reduce the leaving loss
(Secondary) 275 kV
and an improvement of the thermal efficiency and a

Number of phase 8 3-phase, 50 Hz large capacity are taken. The air cooling system
frequency
and the cross-section of the blade are shown in
Fig. 7.
Table 3 Basic Specification of MW-701D Gas Turbine
Low NOx Premixing Type Combustor. The premixing type
Compressor No. of stages 19
combustion system is composed of a premixing type com-
Pressure ratio 14
bustor (a pilot combustor and a main combustor), a tran-
Air flow 443 kg/s
3
sition piece and a by-pass valve, as shown in Fig. 8.
No. of bleeds
Compressor casing o The premixig type combustor consists of a pilot
Horizontally split type
combustion zone upstream and a main combustion zone
Turbine No. of stages 4 downstream. The pilot combustion zone provides
Gas temperature I154°C reliable stable combustion during a load change due
Air cooled- Row 1 and 2 to the start and increased generation. And the main
stationary vanes combustion zone carries out a low NOx high load
Air cooled- Row 1 and 2 combustion with a premixing flame.
rotating blades o The air by-pass valve is controlled to ensure a
Turbine casing Horizontally split type proper mixing ratio of fuel/air in the premixing type
combustor.
Combustor Type and No. Can type, 18 o From no load through 40% rated load, the gas
Ignition type and Spark discharge, 2 turbine is operated only by pilot fuel with the
No. by-pass valve fully closed.
At 40% of rated load, the by-pass valve is operated
Rotor Type Two bearing support to full open position and after then the main fuel
Speed 3000 rpm
is injected. For the load change up to the rated
Overall length 9.9 meters
Weight bladed(tons)
load, the main fuel is increased and the by-pass
55 tons
valve is closed.

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 andliium*...41.4baget

1. Steam turbine huildin 9 Generator A Um t transform,

Gas turbine building 9. Tow-pressure turbine A Mom tAnsformer

3 Central control room 10 High pressure turbine Exhaust silencer

4 Demtneralized water tank 11. Steam turbine tt Road

5. Sea water hoostet pump 12 Generator A Hear rec,,verySteam generator

6. Cooling water heat exchanger 13 Starting device M Exhaust 445 duct

7. Open hatch 14 Gas turbine 21 5126k

1ST CCM,.
Fig. 4 Equipment Layout (Plan View)
Fig. 7 Air Cooling System and Blade
Cross-Section of MW-701D Gas Turbine

1 Stearn tudistne 6 Exhaust silencer 11 Deaerator

2 Four way back wash valves 7 High pressure drum 12 To stack
3 Air inlet 8 Low pressure drum 13 Boiler leed water pump room
4 Air inlet tater 9 Heat recovery steam generator
5 Gas turbine 10 S C R system

Fig. 8 Structure of
Low NOx Premix
Fig. 5 Equipment Layout (Side View) 1 Mato fuel Vanable ring
Combustor System 7. Pilot fuel 7 rionass valve

3 Premix combustor So9:6s art

4 Air for combustion ml Transition piece

6 9 b Compressor discharge an 1 inhnt ✓

8
[Ii

,12 3 4

trd
Nyllpituniirm4 : 111 O vpass

_„ftflogSNIMEMIONW - - - Lim
C. Closed
an volume

0 111
li

11
ce,

1. Output Matt
2. Thrust bearing Fig. 9 Fuel and Bypass
3 Bearing (inlet side) Fig. 6 Structure of Mitsubishi Valve Control Schedule
4. Inlet guide vane (IGV) MW-701D Gas Turbine
5. Compressor
LP Tor- bine
6. Combustor
7. Combustor basket
8. Transition piece
9. Turbine
10. Tangential strut

11 Bearing (exhaust side)

Fig. 10 Structure of Steam Turbine

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 Thus, an low NOx combustion system is in
commercial service with the stable combustion in the
premixing type combustor by controlling the fuel and
the by-pass valve. The control schedule of the fuel
and the by-pass valve is shown in Fig. 9.

Steam Turbine
The condition of main steam is as follows:

High pressure steam: 58.0 kg/cm 2 x 500 ° C

Low pressure steam: 4.4 kg/cm 2 x Saturated
temperature
(Gas turbine: at base load operation, Ambient
temperature: 15°C)
Condenser Vacuum: 728 mmHg
Fig. 11 Structure of the Heat Recovery
The structure of the steam turbine is shown in Steam Generator
Fig. 10.
The features of the steam turbine are as follows: ? 15 kV s

o Sliding pressure operation with full arc injection.

All stages are of the reaction type.
o The inlet of the high pressure casing is provided
with a double chamber. The high pressure stop o)-2

valves are separately mounted.

o The 40 inch height blade for 3,000 rpm is adopted
1 OT, ,T
to the last stage.
o An electro-hydraulic governor is used.
Unit
1,, 1111 ,
Heat Recovery Steam Generator .311,111.11- Sonora tor

The features of the HRSG are as follows: INC . 3 11 f , n 3 - 1)(22o. 3-2 )(No. 3-3)

o Natural circulation type with horizontal gas flow.

o The exhaust gas flow is opposite to the flow of the Fig. 12 Generator Main Circuit System
steam and water. (for One Train)
o Use of economizer recirculation line.
o Use of spirally finned tube.
o Use of pressurized deaeration system and feedwater 3-1 Coordinated 3-2
Unit control
Unit control control
heater. desk desk desk

o Use of a dry SCR system to reduce NOx emission.

The structure of the HRSG is shown in Fig. 11.

Electrical Equipment
A high voltage synchronization system has been
used in most conventional thermal power plant. But
by the development of a large current breaker, a low
voltage synchronization system, which synchronizes in
the low voltage side of the main transformer, is 1
adopted in the plant. The breakers and the load 2-1 Data way -2 Data way

switches of the 4 sets are provided between the main

transformer of the 3 gas turbine generators and one
— 1
steam turbine generator to compose the main circuit of
FT,- , 2-177 I 3-1. 3- ST7 L,2, -)Gd1 3- G. 2-5GT 2,GT
IT
3 1ST 3-2ST
the generator. The block diagram of the generator ,Sub - lbog •Seb - ioon, Sub loop Sub-
loop Sub-loop Sub-loop Sub loop DEH

main circuit system is shown in Fig. 12. The features

,controlc control - , control - trod-
lers • kers , le
control-
lers lets
control-
ler Vsl Gov.

of this system are as follows:

o Higher reliability in operation. Fig. 13 Control System Configuration

o A reduction .of the equipment layout space.

Control Equipment
The plant is required to carry out coordinated Table 4 Construction Schedule
control with a combination of main equipment having
various control characteristics and is necessary for 2 :982 1983 1984 1985
many types of operating modes. Thus, automation is 3 a 4 5 8 1 . 2 3 , 4 1 6 7 8 9 18 11 12 1 2 , 3 4,5 , 6 7 89 10 n
7 8 918 , '_I,I
taken to a large extent to improve operatbility and , A A --A
. S '80mmIss10 , Ing
tnitital b
—
P°*er _00050_05 3 - I1/? combined cycle
reliability, and a total digital surpervisory and ncn,onIzatio Operation

control system in a hierachical configuration distri- stall cti or ^' flelc test I 1 CrpTo■I'.^
' 5
buted control functions, which is combined with a ",I,.' 8'erfonce
. m
-- I 2t2 test
L
large computer and a microcomputer, is adopted. 9 , Co

ned cycle
Aoperation
Inttita1
2.22 ne k•er receiving 13 - 43/T
S.inchrc-,1,701c,-.
Automation. As an automated function, an automatic 3
:8stcl 87.!8.- flelc' test , 1
plant start and stop function (APS) and an automatic pe,- for,on:e
__JL ._ ___ ,_ :est
power regulation function (APR) are provided for the
plant.

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 Control System. The control system configuration is at the outlet of the SCR system.
shown in Fig. 13.
Gas Turbine Special Measured Result. In the trial
CONSTRUCTION PROGRESS run of the gas turbine, in addition to the routine
operating monitor, the special measurement of about 60
Construction Process points has been carried out with the 3-1 and 3-5 gas
Higashi Niigata Thermal Power Station No. 3 started turbines. This aims at the confirmation of the gas
work in March 1982 and the erection of equipment was set turbine performance, the durability of the high
about in April 1983. temperature parts and confirmation of reliability.
The first one half (3-1 train) of the No. 3 plant The results measured with the items shown in Table 5
started the test run through the initial starting of satisfy the design values for mechanical strength and
the gas turbine in April 1984 and the trial run of the performance, and have a sufficient reliability. The
combined cycle plant was started with a first combina- metal temperatures of the combustor and the first stage
tion of the steam turbine at the end of August 1984. stationary vane are shown in Fig. 14 and 15, respec-
After that the trial run was continued smoothly, passed tively. These temperature have a sufficient allowance
the inspection of government authorities in December for each upper limit of design temperature.
1984 and went into commercial operation.
The remaining 3-2 train started the test run by Table 5 Major Items of Special Measurement of
the starting of the gas turbine in February 1985 and the 3-1 and 3-5 Gas Turbines
the trial run of the combined cycle plant was started
with a first combination of the steam turbine at the Premix Combustor System Gas Turbine
end of March 1985. The trial run is continuing at the
present time and the 1,090MW Thermal Power Plant is a. Metal temp. of the a. Metal temp. of the
scheduled to be completed and go into the commercial combustor first stage
operation in October 1985. stationary vane
The construction schedule is shown in Table 4.
b. Pressure fluctuation in b. Blade tip clearance
Feature of Construction Work combustor
A large-size module fabrication method is adopted
for the HRSG. c. Stress in main parts c. Casing temp.
As a result, this method is effective to reduce
the installation period and contribute largely toward d. NOx emission d. Cooling air quanti-
the improvement of overall confidence in fabrication ty in each cooling
work. system
The HRSG is divided into 3 large-size modules which
consist of a high temperature module, a medium tempera- e. Unburned hydrocarbon
ture module and a low temperature module. These module quantity
transportation are carried out by a module barge on
the sea. The loading and, unloading of the module on
a barge and the transportation of the module to the COMMERCIAL OPERATION EXPERIENCE of 3-1 TRAIN
installation site are carried out by dolly.
The gas turbine, generator and transformer are The 3-1 train has been operated smoothly as a base
assembled as one body for transportation and a module supply source since December 1984. The intermediate
barge and a dolly are used. inspection was carried out in April to July and the
This module method shortened the installation result has been confirmed with no trouble.
period for a few months compared with the conventional
method. Operation Experience
The operation experience of the 3-1 train is shown
Test Run Experience in Table 6.
The plant general performance, the operation
characteristics and the environmental preservation Table 6 3-1 Train Operation Experience
characteristics certified in the test run course have (From Dec. 21, 1984 to July 31, 1985)
obtained a good result that satisfy the design values.
1984 1985
3-1 Train General Performance. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May Total
June July
1) Output and efficiency characteristics
The output characteristics practically measured in Ave.
the temperature range of 5 ° C to 25 ° C in the ambient Availa- 99.0 99.2 97.2 92.0 63.6 71.6 62.2 59.5 81.5
temperature correspond to the design base as shown in bility
Fig. 3. The plant thermal efficiency is practically (%)
measured as average 44.1% to the design value 43.7% Gross
(at gross, H.H.V. basis). The plant thermal efficiency Thermal 44.2 44.3 44.2 44.2 44.3 43.9 43.9 42.3 44.1
in the partial load is also over the design value as Eff.
shown in Fig. 2. The house power ratio is measured (H.H.V.
as about 1.3% which is smaller than the expected base)
value.
House
1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.3
2) Environmental preservation Power
The combination of the premixing type low NOx Ratio(%)
combustor (the outlet NOx: 60 to 75 ppm) not required
with water or steam injection and the SCR system
incorporated in the HRSG satisfies the design value of
15 ppm with the NOx discharged value of 10 to 15 ppm

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 1000-

900
900-

800
BOO -

700
700 -

600 600-

500 500-
,
a

400 400 -

30 300 -

50 100 0 50 100

Gas turbine power output. (MW) Gas turbine power output (MW)

Fig. 14 Metal Temperature of Fig. 15 Metal Temperature of 1st Stage

Combustor Basket Turbine Vane

Turbine Inlet Gas Turbine Exhaust Gas

Ambient Ale
F ue l T G P T
G Pressure
146 110 1.147 15222 00 4 16 519
1.4 95 mmHg
15

27.07 1.607 006 516
1,580 760,,mHg I5
27.41

Silencer I
0•
]7>
Air OCR
Compressor System

Exhaust
Silencer
Gas P
1183 T
HULA
(Gross) I17 357
Fuel
121 .163
Type; Gasified LOG
Compressor Outlet Air
Heating Value
Plant Thermal LP Steam at MSV
Power Efficiency
Output (Higher I 3.0 4 569k9 55
($) G P T H
(MW) Lower 11. 805 Er1,9ke
7( 7(
545 442 1 446 426 153 6565

(Gross) 4 37 1479 43 153 6566

(Gross)

F HP Steam at MSV
Steam
Turbine
Power G P T H
Output
(MW) 5259 561 5009 8190

194. 0 5301 575 499 8175

LP Turbine HP Turbine
(Note) IC: Flow (Ton/h)
Pressure (kg/cfn 2 g)
(Gross) IT: Temperature ( °C)
111: Enthalpy (kcal/kg)

Mark 1.) means the average value of three

gas turbines.
Mark (X) means the connection with other unit.

Upper column Measured value

Lower column Designed value

Operating condition Full load of one tram

Date Feb., 14, 1985

Fig. 16 Heat and Mass Balance of 3-1 Train

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 Since the intermediate inspection of the gas
turbines has been carried out successfully in the period
from April to July 1985, the availability in this period
has been reduced somewhat, but the plant average thermal
efficiency has been attained at 44% (H.H.V.) in a some-
what higher respective value by about 10% than a con-
ventional thermal power plant. The number of gas
turbines in service is 3 from Dec. 1984 to March 1985
and 2 while the inspection. The house power ratio
is 1.3%, which is less than one half of a conventional
thermal power plant.
One example of heat and mass balance is shown in
Fig. 16 at full load operation.

Inspection Result of Gas Turbine

The internal inspection result of the 3-1 gas
turbine is shown as follows:

Compressor Section.
1) Rotating blade and stationary vane
In the front stage (blade and stationary vane 1 to
5 stages), a very little contamination was found but
generally a good condition. After cleaning, they were
reassembled.
In the 5 and 6 stages stationary vane seal fin, a little
"burr" was found but generally a good condition.
Removed the burr.

2) Bearing
The working face of the bearing metal was normal
condition.

Combustor Section.
1) Combustor basket and transition piece
The metal condition of the combustor basket and
transition piece were a good state. A small peel-off
was found partially on the basket inside ceramic
coating and was restored in the present state.

Turbine Section.
1) Rotating blade and stationary vane
All of the blades and stationary vanes were
disassembled and inspected carefully. Those were in
good condition without crack and clogging of the
cooling air holes.
A black colored oxide was found on the front edge of
one of the first stage stationary vanes but this was
an iron oxide and removed easily. This iron source is
postulated as an iron oxide in the fuel gas piping.

2) Bearing
The bearings were in good condition similar to
those in the compressor.

CONCLUSION

The No. 3 unit of Higashi Niigata Thermal Power

Station is scheduled to be completed with the commercial
operation of 3-2 train in October 1985. The plant is a
large capacity high efficiency combined cycle plant with
use of new technologies and processes at every turn.
The stable supply of electric power is to be achieved
by our efforts to guarantee the reliability and keep
the high thermal efficiency.
Finally we give thanks to Mitsubishi Heavy
Industries Ltd. and Mitsubishi Electric Co. for a great
deal of service in the construction of this plant.

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