CHAPTER III

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

This chapter presents the methodology of the study, the respondents and

sampling procedure, the data gathering instruments and their description and the

treatment of the data and statistical tools to be used in the study.

Research Method Used

This study used a descriptive survey method used to assess socio-demographic

characteristics such as sex, age, parent’s educational attainment, parent’s occupation,

size of income. For this research study, the chosen data collection method is

questionnaire.

Special precautionary measures have been taken regarding privacy and security

of students’ information. Only required and most relevant information has been gathered

and the rest will have been filtered. The questionnaire was close ended A questionnaire

comprised of total 30 questions have been asked in order to meet research objectives.

Description of the Respondents

The respondents of the study were carefully chosen by determining their location

and the government programs where COA-CPAs were conducted.

To date, the following programs were audited using the CPA as the methodology:

1. Barangay Health Centers

2. Farm-to-Market-Road (FMR) Project

3. KAMANAVA Flood Control Project of the DPWH

 4. Local Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Fund (LDRRMF)

5. Solid Waste Management (SWM) Program

6. Tourism Road Infrastructure Project (TRIP)

7. Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) Project

The researcher decided to focus on the audit on Barangay Health Centers as

the sample in determining the impact of CPA as a methodology in the audit.

Population Frame and Sampling

Only 30 male and 30 female individuals will be included in the sample. All

respondents will be randomly chosen from two groups. The first group is from the City of

Marikina where the CPA audit was conducted on its Barangay Health Center. The

second group will be randomly chosen from the Quezon City and City of San Jose Del

Monte, Bulacan where no CPA audits were conducted. Thus, the number of

respondents will equally distributed to facilitate analysis.

Instruments Used

The instrument used was a researcher-made questionnaire checklist to gather

the needed data for the respondent’s profile. The draft of the questionnaire was drawn

out based on the researcher’s readings, previous studies, professional literature,

published and unpublished thesis relevant to the study.

In the preparation of the instrument, the requirements in the designing of good

data collection instrument were considered. For instance, statement describing the

situations or issues pertaining was toned down to accommodate the knowledge

preparedness of the respondents. Open-ended options were provided to accommodate

to free formatted views related to the topics or issues. In this way, the instrument is

authorized to obtain valid responses of the respondents.

Data Gathering Procedure

The researcher asked permission from different local government units of

Marikina City, Quezon City and City of San Jose Del Monte, Bulacan. Perception from

residents of these LGUs will be gathered through the questionnaire to be distributed and

administered.

Statistical Treatment of Data

To determine whether or not the Citizen Participatory Audit gained impact on the

implementation of Programs and projects of the government, the mean score was used

to determine whether the set of data and the item values of the distribution are

considerably concentrated or substantially close to each other.

The mean produced the most reliable estimate as the basis of inferring a useful

measure of this study. The standard deviation was used as a measure of heterogeneity

or unevenness within the set of data. If the standard deviation is numerically big, then

there is heterogeneity in their intelligence. If the standard deviation is small, then there

is a homogeneity in their intelligence. The mean, standard deviation and z-test were

used in the treatment of the test results. The following formulas were used:
IMPACT OF THE CITIZEN PARTICIPATORY AUDIT
OF THE COA ON THE BARANGAY HEALTH
CENTER PROGRAM OF THE CITIES OF
MARIKINA, QUEZON, AND SAN JOSE
DEL MONTE FOR THE YEAR 2017

A Thesis
Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School
Polytechnic University of the Philippines
Sta. Mesa, Manila

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree

Master in Public Administration

By

Francis N. Sy

June 2018