Marc Daryl I.

Mendoza
BSN II – 6

Pt: Hypertensive client

Generic Mechanism of
Brand Name Action Side Effects Nursing Implication
Name Action
Furosemide Lasix Loop diuretic Inhibits sodium CNS: vertigo, headache, • Furosemide may not be
and chloride dizziness, paresthesia, well absorbed orally in
Dosage reabsorption at the weakness, restlessness, patient with severe
Hypertension proximal and distal fever. heart failure. Drug may
Adults: 40 mg tubules and the CV:orthostatic need to be given I.V.
P.O. b.i.d. Dosage ascending loop of hypotension, even if patient is taking
adjusted based on Henle. thrombophlebitis with I.V. other oral drugs
response. May be administration. • Monitor fluid intake and
used as adjunct to EENT: transient output and electrolyte,
other deafness, blurred or BUN, and carbon dioxide
antihypertensives yellowed vision. levels frequently.
if needed. GI: abdominal discomfort • Watch for signs of
and pain, diarrhea, hypokalemia, such as
anorexia, nausea, muscle weakness and
vomiting, constipation, cramps.
pancreatitis. • Monitor weight, blood
GU: nocturia, polyuria, pressure, and pulse rate
frequent urination, routinely with long-term
azotemia, oliguria. use and during rapid
Hepatic: hepatic diuresis. Furosemide can
dysfunction. lead to profound water
Skin: dermatitis, and electrolyte
purpura, photosensitivity, depletion.
volume depletion, and
dehydration.
Musculoskeletal:
muscle spasm.
Other: asymptomatic
hyperuricemia, gout,
transient pain at I.M.
injection site.
Marc Daryl I. Mendoza
BSN II – 6

Pt: Hypertensive client

Generic Mechanism of
Brand Name Action Side Effects Nursing Implication
Name Action
Captopril Capoten Angiotensin Not clearly CNS: dizziness, fainting, • Monitor patient's blood
converting defined. Thought headache, malaise, pressure and pulse rate
Dosage enzyme (ACE) to inhibit ACE, fatigue, fever. frequently.
Adults: 25 mg inhibitor preventing CV: tachycardia, • Drug causes cough more
P.O. b.i.d. or t.i.d. Antihypertensiv conversion of hypotension, angina frequently than other
initially. If blood e angiotensin I to pectoris. ACE inhibitors.
pressure isn't angiotensin II, a GI: abdominal pain, • In patients with impaired
satisfactorily potent anorexia, constipation, renal function or
controlled in 1 to vasoconstrictor. diarrhea, dry mouth, collagen vascular
2 weeks, increase Reduced formation taste disturbance, disease, monitor WBC
dosage to 50 mg of angiotensin II nausea, vomiting. and differential counts
b.i.d. or t.i.d. If decreases Hematologic: before starting
not satisfactorily peripheral arterial leukopenia, treatment, every 2
controlled after resistance, thus agranulocytosis, weeks for the first 3
another 1 to 2 decreasing pancytopenia, anemia, months of therapy, and
weeks, expect a aldosterone thrombocytopenia. periodically thereafter.
diuretic to be secretion, thereby Metabolic: • Alert: Geriatric patients
added. If further reducing sodium hyperkalemia. may be more sensitive
blood pressure and water Respiratory: dyspnea, to drug's hypotensive
reduction is retention and dry, persistent, effects.
needed, dosage lowering blood nonproductive cough.
may be raised to pressure. Skin: urticarial rash,
150 mg t.i.d. maculopapular rash,
while continuing pruritus, alopecia.
diuretic. Other: angioedema of
Maximum daily face and extremities.
dose is 450 mg.
Marc Daryl I. Mendoza
BSN II – 6

Pt: Wounded client

Generic Mechanism of
Brand Name Action Side Effects Nursing Implication
Name Action
Tetanus Lasix Vaccines, Tetanus toxoid CNS: slight fever, • Obtain history of
toxoid, antisera & and tetanus toxoid headache, seizures, allergies and reaction to
adsorbed Dosage immunologicals adsorbed induces malaise, encephalopathy. immunization.
Tetanus Adults and active immunity to CV: tachycardia, • Determine date of last
toxoid, fluid children age 7 the tetanus hypotension, flushing. tetanus immunization.
and older: 0.5ml antigen by Musculoskeletal: • Keep epinephrine
(adsorbed) I.M. 4 stimulating the aches, pains. 1:1,000 available to
to 8 weeks apart immune system to Skin: erythema, treat anaphylaxis.
for two doses; produce specific induration, nodule at • Adsorbed form produces
then give third antitoxin. They are injection site; urticaria; longer immunity. Fluid
dose 6 to 12 not indicated for pruritus form provides quicker
months after the treatment of Other: chills, booster effect in
second. Or, 0.5ml active tetanus anaphylaxis patients actively
(fluid) I.M. or S.C. infection. immunized previously.
4 to 8 weeks
apart for three
doses; then give
fourth dose of
0.5ml 6 to 12
months after third
dose