Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Sol Terms Job Aid
Sol Terms Job Aid
Patti Shank
With Input From Ruth Clark, Clark Quinn, and Mirjam Neelen
Expertise: A recognized depth of knowledge Memory: The biological process of storing and
about and ability to perform (and solve retrieving information. We believe memory is
complex problems) in a specific domain.* distributed in the brain rather than located in
Accurate and complete schemas* help experts a single place.
interpret information and solve problems
more quickly than people with less expertise.
Metacognition: An awareness of one's own Scaffolding: Support offered to people as they
thinking processes useful for better thinking are learning so they experience less cognitive
and learning outcomes. load.* Support may be in many forms,
including making the environment simpler or
Motivation, intrinsic and extrinsic: Considered offering props (worked examples, job aids).
to be a driver for an individual’s needs and
behavior. Intrinsic motivation is internal and Schema: How we organize knowledge in our
is thought to come from personal satisfaction. mind, including how pieces of knowledge are
Extrinsic motivation is external. It comes connected. Introduced by theorist Jean Piaget.
from a desire to earn a reward or avoid Schemas change by assimilation and
punishment. Intrinsic motivation is thought accommodation. In assimilation, schemas add
to be more powerful and long-lasting in many information. In accommodation, schemas
cases. alter information.