Icash 3

ISSN 2580-9296 (ONLINE)
www.icash.inschool.id
3
Abstracts of
International Conference
on Applied Science and Health
No. 03, 2018
“Addressing Global Health Challenge: Policy, Research, and Practice”
Faculty of Graduate Studiesnd Mahidol University

Nakhon Phatthom, 2 August 2018
D
L
ENTERPRISE
Organizer and International Education Cooperation INDONESIAN SCHOLARS’ ALLIANCE
Proceedings of International Conference on Applied Science and Health
(No. 3, 2018)
Addressing Global Health Challenges: Policy, Research and Practices
The 3rd International Conference on Applied Science and Health

(ICASH 3)
2 August 2018
Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
Host:
Faculty of Graduate Studies, Mahidol University, Thailand
Co-hosts:
Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, Thailand;
Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia;
Universitas Sari Mutiara Indonesia, Indonesia;
Ikatan Ahli Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia, Indonesia.
Organizers:
Yayasan Aliansi Cendekiawan Indonesia Thailand (Indonesian Scholars' Alliance)
Permitha Simpul Salaya
Dyah Anantalia Widyastari Ardi Wiranata

Doni Marisi Sinaga Ary Norsaputra
Canggih Puspo Wibowo Mahendrawan Nugraha Aji Pratama
Andang Adi Fitria Hananto Suyitno
Hafizh Muhammad Noor Ahmad Faisal Dahlan
I Gusti Ngurah Agastya
Wahyu Manggala Putra Chairunisah Hasanah

Pamuko Aditya Rahman Any Setyawati
Puput Kusumawardani Moehas Yossie Susanti Eka Putri
Ricky Alexander Samosir I Gusti Ngurah Edi Putra
Yohannes Willihelm Saleky Desri Astuti
Made Dian Shanti Kusuma
Ni Wayan Kesari Dharmapatni
i
(No. 3, 2018)
Scientific Commitees:
dr. Adang Bachtiar, MPH., D.Sc. Dina Nur Anggraini Ningrum, BSPH, MPH
Dr.sc.hum. Budi Aji, SKM, M.Sc. Doni Marisi Sinaga, S.Si, M.Sc
Dr. Yuni Kusmiyati, MPH. Juneman Abraham, S.Psi., M.Si,
Dr. Nasrul Hudayah, S.TP., M.P., M.Sc Lintang Dian Saraswati, SKM, M.Epid.
Dr. Linda Suwarni, SKM, M.Kes. Praba Ginanjar, SKM, M.Biomed.
Assoc. Prof. dr. Min Ko Ko, Ph.D
Suhartini Ismail, S.Kp., MNS., Ph.D. Yossie Susanti Eka Putri, SKp, MN
Hasanuddin, S. Kep, Ns, M. Kes, PhD. Bayu Mitra A. Kusuma, S.AP., M.AP., M.Pol.Sc.
Ramadhan Tosepu, SKM., M.Kes., Ph.D Any Setyawati, SKM, M.Kes.
Ns. Bayu Anggileo Pramesona, S.Kep., MMR, PhD Dede Abdulrachman, M.Si.
Dimas Sondang Irawan, SSt.Ft, M.Fis.
Dyah Anantalia Widyastari, SKM, M.Kes, Ph.D (Candidate) Donny Nauphar, BSc.(Biotech), M.Si.Med.
Alongkorn Pekalee Ph.D (Candidate) Titinan Penwil, MA.
dr. Annette D'Arqom Ph.D. (Candidate) Zuraidah Nasution, S.T.P., MSc
dr. Sunna Hutagalung, MS., Ph.D. (Candidate) Fitri Kurnia Rahim, SKM., MPHM
Joko Gunawan Ph.D (Candidate) Hilmi Zadah Faidlullah, SST.FT., M.Sc.
Pichpisith P. Vejvisithsakul MD., Ph.D (Candidate) Shinta Kristianti, S.Si.T., M.Kes.
Reny Pratiwi, M.Si. Ph.D (Candidate) Nanik Setiyawati, SST., S.Pd., M.Kes.
Rian A. Pamungkas, S.Kep. Ns. MNS. Dr.PH (Candidate) Niken Meilani, S.SiT, S.Pd., M.Kes.
Sarah Jane L. Racal, RN, MAN, Ph.D (Candidate) Elisa Maulidya Saputri, S.TP., M.Sc.
Sirada Kasornsri, MNS., Ph.D. (Candidate) Nur Rohmah, S.KM., M.Kes.
Junaida Astina, S.Gz, Ph.D (Candidate) Elit Pebryatie, SST, M.Keb.
I Gusti Ngurah Edi Putra
Publisher:
Yayasan Aliansi Cendekiawan Indonesia Thailand (Indonesian Scholars' Alliance)
ISSN: 2579-4434
© 2018 Yayasan Aliansi Cendekiawan Indonesia Thailand (Indonesian Scholars' Alliance)

All rights reserved. Abstracting is permitted with credit to the source.
Full Papers in the Oral Session are available online at the Proceedings of the International Conference
on Applied Science and Health (No. 3, 2018).
Refers to Google Scholar for citation.
ii
(No. 3, 2018)
PREFACE
On behalf of the Organizing Committee, it is an honor to welcome you all to the 3rd
International Conference on Applied Science and Health (ICASH). The conference consists of
keynote speech, oral presentation, and poster presentation which focus on public health,
nursing, midwifery, and applied science as well as related fields.
The 3rd International Conference on Applied Science and Health selected a theme “Addressing
global health challenges: policy, research and practices”. The theme aims to exchange the
knowledge and experiences to gain better understanding of the most important health and
applied science issues in the South East Asia region. All papers submitted to the 3rd ICASH
have been blindly reviewed by various international scientific committee members from
different countries to ensuring the quality of the accepted papers.
The 3rd ICASH is a joint conference between Faculty of Graduate Studies Mahidol University
with Faculty of Public Health of Universitas Indonesia, Faculty of Public Health of Mahidol
University, Universitas Sari Mutiara Indonesia, and Indonesian Public Health Association. We
are proud to have Indonesian Students in Mahidol University under the Indonesian Scholars'
Alliance and Permitha Simpul Salaya to help us organize this event. I would like to express my
deep gratitude to the aforementioned organization and person that made the conference
possible. The Keynote Speakers, Prof. Andrew J. Macnab, 2) Assoc. Prof. Dr. Mathuros
Tipayamongkholgul and 3) Dr. Adang Bachtiar, MPH, DSC for their willingness to share the
valuable knowledge and extensive experiences in the field of health science, of which will be
of great benefits for all participants. In addition, I would like to thank all International Scientific
Committees for assisting the Organizing Committee to review papers submitted to the
conference. This conference will not be possible without the participation of the authors, to
whom I would like to express my thankfulness.
Professor Dr. Patcharee Lertrit, M.D.

Chairperson and
Dean Faculty of Graduate Studies
Mahidol University
iii
(No. 3, 2018)
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TITLE PAGE I
PREFACE III
TABLE OF CONTENTS IV
CONFERENCE PROGRAM XI
ORAL PRESENTATION
[A01] REDUCING THE GLOBAL BURDEN OF POOR ORAL HEALTH THROUGH SCHOOL- 1
BASED PROGRAMS
ANDREW JOHN MACNAB, RONALD MUKISA
[A02] BURDEN OF CANCER ATTRIBUTABLE TO SMOKING IN GULF COOPERATION 2

COUNCIL (GCC) COUNTRIES, 2015
MOUADDH ABDULMALIK, MONTARAT THAVORNCHAROENSAP
[A03] SPATIO-TEMPORAL ANALYSIS OF MALARIA INCIDENCE ALONG HLAINGBWE 3

TOWNSHIP IN MYANMAR AND THA SONG YANG DISTRICT IN THAILAND
AUNG MINN THWAY, JARANIT KAEWKUNGWAL, JETSUMON PRACHUMSRI,
SIAM LAWAWIROJWONG, AUNG THI, TIN MAUNG HLAING,
THIHA MYINT SOE, CHAWARAT ROTEJANAPRASERT
[A04] PREVALENCE OF INTESTINAL PARASITE AND RELATED FACTORS AMONG 4

SCHOOL CHILDREN IN SUAN PHUENG SUBDISTRICT, RATCHABURI, THAILAND
PYAE PHYO KYAW, CHIRAWAT PARATTHAKONKUN, RAPEEPORN
YAICHAROEN, REONGWIT NILKOTE, NGAMPHOL SOONTHORNWORASIRI,
PATTANEEYA PRANGTHIP, PANNAMAS MANEEKAN, AUNG PHONE ZAW,
SAI WAI YAN MYINT THU, DUMRONGKIET ARTHAN
[A05] PERCEPTION OF MEDICAL DOCTORS ON CHEST TUBE THORACOSTOMY 5

SIMULATION MODEL
PHONE MYINT HLAING, THASANEEYA RATANAROUTAI NOPPARATJAMJOMRAS,
SUCHAI NOPPARATJAMJOMRAS
[A06] BIOACTIVE ACTIVITY OF A RECOMBINANT LONGAN (Dimocarpus longan LOUR.) 6

SEED PEPTIDE
THANAPORN WICHAI, RUETHAIRAT BOONSOMBAT
[A07] MAIN SOURCES OF SUGAR INTAKE OF ADOLESCENTS IN DAERAH ISTIMEWA 7

YOGYAKARTA PROVINCE, INDONESIA
YOHANNES WILLIHELM SALEKY, NIPA ROJROONGWASINKUL
[A08] CHANGING COSMETIC BRANDS INCREASE RISK OF FREQUENCY AND DEGREE OF 8

ACNE VULGARIS IN FEMALE UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS
ANNIDA P MAHARANI, WITRI PRATIWI, DONNY NAUPHAR
[A09] HOUSEKEEPING GENES ANALYSIS OF FOODBORNE PATHOGENIC BACTERIA 9

Vibrio parahaemolyticus ISOLATED FROM AQUATIC BIRDS IN THAILAND
EAKAPONG TAMBOON, PEERAYA EKCHARIYAWAT, ORASA SUTHIENKUL,
CHONCHANOK MUANGNAPOH
[A10] THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HEALTH FINANCING MECHANISM AND 10

MORTALITY RATE IN SANTA MARIA PEKANBARU HOSPITAL
ARIFIN, AMAL CHALIK SJAAF
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[A11] COMPARISON OF EFFECTIVENESS BETWEEN CELERY JUICE (Apium graveolens L.) 11

AND 2% MICONAZOLE TOWARDS THE GROWTH OF MALASSEZIA FURFUR
RONAA HAMMADA, WITRI PRATIWI, SHOFA NUR FAUZAH,
DONNY NAUPHAR, AMANAH
[A12] ANTENATAL CARE (ANC) VISIT FREQUENCY IN THE THIRD TRIMESTER AND 12
PRETERM EVENTS IN PUSKESMAS PONDOH AND JUNTINYUAT IN INDRAMAYU
REGENCY BETWEEN 2014-2016
ELINDA AMELIANA, DONNY NAUPHAR, RURI EKA MARYAM
[A13] POTENTIAL ACCELERATING EFFECT OF Ageratum conyzoides L. LEAVES EXTRACT 13

ON FIBROBLASTS DENSITY OF INCISION WOUND OF MALE WHITE MICE (Mus
musculus)
MEGA AYU LESTARI, ARIESTYA INDAH PERMATA SARI,
AMANAH AMANAH
[A14] SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS, WORK VENUE, KNOWLEDGE, AND 14

CONDOM USE WITH CLIENTS AMONG INDIRECT FEMALE SEX WORKERS IN
DENPASAR, BALI, INDONESIA
I GUSTI NGURAH EDI PUTRA, DUSITA PHUENGSAMRAN,
AREE JAMPAKLAY, PANITHEE THAMMAWIJAYA, PANDE PUTU JANURAGA
[A15] PROGNOSIS OF INHALATION INJURY IN SEVERE BURN PATIENTS ON EMERGENCY 15

PHASE
IDA AYU AGUNG LAKSMI
[A16] THE EFFECT OF PROBLEM RECOGNITION, CONSTRAINT RECOGNITION AND 16

LEVEL OF INVOLVEMENT ON INFORMATION SEEKING AND INFORMATION
PROCESSING IN REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH AMONG ADOLESCENT
RICKY ALEXANDER SAMOSIR, HENDRIYANI
[A17] EFFECTIVENESS OF ‘FAST’ STROKE CAMPAIGN FOR FAST STROKE RECOGNITION 17

AND RESPONSE: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
HERPANI SUDIRMAN, CITRA YULIYANTI, ANDREA INDRA SARI
[A18] DELAYED CLAIM PAYMENT AND THE THREAT TO HOSPITAL CASH FLOW UNDER 18
THE NATIONAL HEALTH INSURANCE SCHEME IN INDONESIA
CITRA YULIYANTI, HASBULLAH THABRANY
[A19] FIVE M’s IN MANAGEMENT (MEN, MONEY, MATERIALS, MACHINES, METHOD) 19

THAT SUPPORT THE PERFORMANCE IMPROVEMENT OF INPATIENT UNIT
“ORCHID PAVILION” IN RUMAH SAKIT ANGKATAN LAUT (NAVY HOSPITAL)
DR. MINTOHARDJO
FIDELA ENIRAISA, BUDI HIDAYAT
[A20] EVALUATION OF THE MOTHER AND CHILD HEALTH (MCH) HANDBOOK: A 20

SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
WIKE PRATIASTUTI, AHMAD SYAFIQ
[A21] PERCEIVED INSUFFICIENT MILK (PIM) AMONG MOTHERS OF 0-6 MONTHS 21

INFANTS IN CIPAYUNG HEALTH CENTRE, DEPOK
STELLA MARIS BAKARA, SANDRA FIKAWATI
[A22] VENTILATOR ASSOCIATED PNEUMONIA INFECTION CONTROL PROGRAM: THE 22

IMPLEMENTATION OF VAP BUNDLE IN INTENSIVE CARE UNIT (ICU) OF EKA
HOSPITAL PEKANBARU
ERNA MARIA, VETTY YULIANTY PERMANASARI
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[A23] DELAY OF ELECTIVE OPERATIONS IN AWAL BROS PANAM PEKANBARU HOSPITAL 23

JANUARI-APRIL 2018
MUHAMMAD ERIEX FORNANDO SUKA, ADIK WIBOWO
[A24] DETERMINANTS OF TRADITIONAL, COMPLEMENTARY, AND ALTERNATIVE 24

MEDICINE (TCAM) CHOICES : A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
ZAINAL ABIDIN, PRASTUTI SOEWONDO
[A25] FACTORS AFFECTING NURSE TURNOVER IN HOSPITAL: A LITERATURE REVIEW 25

LUVI CHRISTIANI, JASLIS ILYAS
[A26] THE INCIDENCE OF PHLEBITIS AMONG INPATIENT IN THE HOSPITAL: A 26

SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
MUCHAMAD, MIEKE SAVITRI
[A27] THE EFFECTS OF SECTION CAESAREA TO EARLY BREASTFEEDING INITIATION: A 27

SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
NUR ANNISA FAUZIYAH, HELDA
[A28] THE IMPLEMENTATION OF LEAN STRATEGY TO ALLEVIATE OVERCROWDING IN 28

EMERGENCY ROOM: NARRATIVE REVIEW
YANI ORYZA, JASLIS ILYAS
[A29] STAFFING NEEDS ANALYSIS IN THE PHARMACY UNIT OF SANTA MARIA HOSPITAL 29
PEKANBARU 2017
Monika Noviena Susanto, Vetty Yuliaty Permanasari
[A30] THE CORRELATION BETWEEN COMMUNITY BEHAVIOR IN CONTROLLING 30

MOSQUITO HABITAT AND THE EXISTENCE OF LARVA AEDES AEGYPTI IN
DWIKORA, MEDAN HELVETIA DISTRICT
YENNI GUSTIANI TARIGAN, AHADI KURNIAWAN, SITI HARTATI
[A31] FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH QUALITY OF LIFE AMONG FINAL-YEAR STUDENTS 31

BY USING PRECEDE MODEL IN SARI MUTIARA INDONESIA UNIVERSITY,
INDONESIA
HANA IKE DAMERIA PURBA, MONDHA KENGGANPANICH,
SARUNYA BENJAKUL
[A32] THE COGNITIVE SCREENING IN CHILDREN UNDER FIVE YEARS OLD IN 32

DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW
SITI AISAH, KEMAL NAZARUDIN SIREGAR
[A33] THE ROLE OF CLINICAL PATHWAY IN IMPROVING HOSPITALS COST EFFICIENCY 33

TAUFIQURRAHMAN, MARDIATI NADJIB
[A34] ELECTRONIC CIGARETTE USE AMONG ADOLESCENTS: 34

A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
EDI JUNAIDI, BUDI HIDAYAT
[A35] THE ASSOCIATION OF UNINTENDED PREGNANCY WITH STUNTING ON CHILDREN 35

UNDER FIVE YEARS OLD: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
ANNISA LIDRA MARIBETH, AHMAD SYAFIQ
[A36] THE STRATEGY TO IMPROVE THE QUALITY OF LIFE AMONG HEROIN ADDICTS 36
THROUGH METHADONE MAINTENANCE THERAPY
EKA YULIARTININGSIH, PUPUT OKTAMIANTI
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[A37] COST AND FINANCIAL ECONOMIC IMPACT IN CATHETER ASSOCIATED URINARY 37

TRACT INFECTION (CAUTI): A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
FATIMAH SARAH, OKTAMINATI PUPUT
[A38] EFFECT OF TREE MARIGOLD (Tithonia diversifolia (HEMSL.) A. GRAY) LEAVES 38

INFUSION AND ETHANOL EXTRACT ON BLOOD GLUCOSE LEVEL AND LIVER
HISTOPATHOLOGY OF STREPTOZOTOCIN-INDUCED MALE WISTAR RATS
RACHMA AYU MAULIDIANY, ENI SUHAENI, CATUR SETIYA SULISTIYANA,
ARIESTYA INDAH PERMATA SARI
[A39] EFFECT OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND FAST FOOD CONSUMPTION FREQUENCY ON 39

OVERWEIGHT LEVEL AMONG HIGH SCHOOL ADOLESCENT
LITA HARLIANTI, WITRI PRATIWI, DONNY NAUPHAR, ENI SUHAENI
[A40] INHIBITORY EFFECT OF Sansevieria trifasciata L ON AERIAL PATHOGENIC 40

MICROFUNGI IN TUTORIAL ROOMS
SHARAH JULIA ANDAYANI, AMANAH AMANAH,
TISSA OCTAVIRA PERMATASARI
[A41] DETERMINANTS OF EARLY MARRIAGE AND ITS IMPACT ON MATERNAL AND 41

CHILD HEALTH IN INDONESIA: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
SRI WINDIARTI, BESRAL
[A42] SUCROSE AND SWADDLING EFFECTIVELY REDUCE PAIN RESPONSE ON 42

NEONATAL BLOOD SPOT BY HEEL PRICK
MEGA HASANUL HUDA, RUSTINA YENI, AGUSTINI NUR
[A43] ANALYSIS OF NUTRITIONAL CONTENT OF TORBANGUN (Coleus amboinicus Lour) 43

LEAF BISCUIT
DONAL NABABAN
[A44] EFFECTIVENESS OF WILLIAM FLEXION EXERCISE TO REDUCE PAIN INTENSITY 44

ON LOW BACK PAIN (LBP) OF WOODCARVERS IN BALI, INDONESIA
A.A ISTRI DALEM HANA YUNDARI, PUTU PUSPITA WULANDARI MAS
[A45] FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH MATERNAL KNOWLEDGE ON EXCLUSIVE 45

BREASTFEEDING IN CIPAYUNG SUB-DISTRICT, DEPOK CITY, INDONESIA
ALIFANI FAIZ FARADHILA, SANDRA FIKAWATI
[A46] ANALYSIS OF FACTORS AFFECTING THE PERFORMANCE OF NURSE IN MUFID 46

ACEH GENERAL HOSPITAL
PUTRI ILHAM SARI, ADANG BACHTIAR
[A47] THE EFFECT OF CLINICAL PATHWAY TOWARD HOSPITAL’S QUALITY AND COST 47
IN “RSUS” HOSPITAL BANDAR LAMPUNG
TOKI HIMAWATI, ADANG BACHTIAR
[A48] INTEGRATED REHABILITATION PROGRAM FOR PERSONNEL WITH DISABILITIES IN 48

THE MINISTRY OF DEFENSE AND INDONESIAN NATIONAL ARMED FORCES
ARI WIJAYANTI, PUPUT OKTAMINANTI
[A49] ANALYSIS IMPLEMENTATION OF BACK REFERRAL PROGRAM DIABETES 49

MELLITUS AND HYPERTENSION IN HOSPITAL X, JAKARTA
RIZA AMBARI, MIEKE SAVITRI
[A50] STROKE CARE: STROKE UNIT VERSUS NON STROKE UNIT: A REVIEW ARTICLE 50
WIDY HARTONO, EDE SURYA DARMAWAN
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[A51] FOODS CONTAINING FORMALIN AND CHLORINE IN THE EAST SURABAYA AREA 51
SHERLY DWI AGUSTININGRUM, NITA KUSUMA WARDANI,
NESHIA NURINDAH ALIFIANTI
[A52] ACHIEVEMENT OF COMMUNITY HEALTH CENTER SEEN THROUGH 52

ACCREDITATION RESULTS: CASE STUDY IN PUSKESMAS "X", IN SURABAYA
MEILY AROVI QULSUM, KURNIA SARI, ADANG BACHTIAR, KM.TAUFIQ
[A53] RELATIONSHIP BEHAVIOR AND CONDITION OF THE HOME EXPOSED TO 53

VOLCANIC ASH WITH THE ACUTE RESPIRATORY INFECTION (ARI) ON VILLAGERS
PERBAJI IN 2017
FRIDA LINA TARIGAN
[A54] FEMALE STUDENTS’ PERCEPTION ON BREAST CANCER DETECTION USING 54

BREAST SELF-EXAMINANTION (SADARI)
AULIA RAHMAN TANJUNG, ELLA NURLAELLA HADI
[A55] ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE CONTROL PROGRAM ON THE RATIONAL USE OF 55

ANTIBIOTICS IN EKA HOSPITAL PEKANBARU, INDONESIA
ROSINTA MAGDALENA, ADANG BAHTIAR
[A56] FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH BIRTH SPACING AMONG CHILD MARRIAGE IN 56

INDONESIA
PUPUT KUSUMAWARDANI MOEHAS
POSTER PRESENTATION
[P01] THE MAINTENANCE OF FAMILY TOILET AND DEFECATION BEHAVIOR AFTER 57

COMMUNITY BASED TOTAL SANITATION (STBM) PROGRAM IN THE
PANGARIBUANVILLAGE, SIEMPAT NEMPU HULU DAIRI DISTRICT
IMELDA YULITA ROSALIN PURBA, NOPA MARTOGIA SIMAIBANG
[P02] HEALTH CARE PROVIDERS’ ROLE IN IMPLEMENTING UKGS (SCHOOL DENTAL 58

HEALTH PROGRAM) AT MATITI PUSKESMAS, HUMBANG HASUNDUTAN REGENCY
JULY YANTHI VERONIKA
[P04] ERGONOMIC OBSERVATION AS SMALL RISK ASSESSMENT WORKSHOP OF CV 59

TRIYUNDA MAS IN MEDAN MARELAN
PRIHATMOKO SAPTINIS HUBOYOJATI
[P05] PEERS FRIENDSHIP ’ RELATIONSHIP WITH FREE SEX BEHAVIOR AMONG TEENS 60
IN STABAT DISTRICT LANGKAT REGENCY
SAPNITA
[P06] RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE VALUES OF PHYSICAL FITNESS WITH TIME OF 61

USEFUL CONCIOUSNESS AT 25,000 FEET ALTITUDE AMONG THE STUDENTS OF
SUSDOKBANGAN XIV WHO PERFORMED AEROPHYSIOLOGY INDOCTRINATION
AND EXERCISE IN LAKESPRA SARYANTO 2017
ARNI DELIYANTI
[P07] THE NEW ERA OF INDONESIAN NATIONAL HEALTH INSURANCE IN SOUTH 62

TANGERANG CITY HOSPITAL: STUDY OF IMPLEMENTATION
WAHYU MANGGALA PUTRA, FEBRIANTI, RIASTUTI KUSUMA WARDANI
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(No. 3, 2018)
[P08] IMPLEMENTATION OF INTEGRATED COUNSELING PROGRAM OF NON- 63

COMMUNICABLE DISEASES IN HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS IN PADANG BULAN
PUBLIC HEALTH CENTRE
SRI BINTANG, MARIHOT PARDOSI
[P09] ASSOCIATION BETWEEN MOTHER’S CLEAN AND HEALTHY LIVING BEHAVIOR AND 64
DIARRHEA AMONG UNDERFIVE CHILDREN IN PADANG BULAN PUBLIC HEALTH
CENTER MEDAN
PURNAMA HUTASOIT
[P11] FACTORS AFFECTING TUBERCULOSIS PATIENTS IN PUBLIC HEALTH CENTER OF 65

BATANG BERUH SIDIKALANG, DAIRI DISTRICT IN 2016
RISMAWATY DOLOKSARIBU
[P12] THE EFFECT OF TRANSVERSE FRICTION ON PAST SCALE IN ELBOW TENNIS CASE 66
IN SANTA ELISABETH HOSPITAL MEDAN
IN 2015
SANTO DAMERIUS SILITONGA
[P13] THE EFFECTS OF ONLINE-BASED REVIEWS AND EXERCISES IN NURSING PROCESS 67

AND BASIC HEALTH ASSESSMENT COURSE AMONG THE BACHELOR NURSING
SCIENCE STUDENTS AT A PRIVATE UNIVERSITY IN NAKHON PATHOM PROVINCE
ORAPAN BOONSOM, SARAH JANE LUBATON RACAL
[P14] ANALYSIS ACHIEVEMENT OF COMMUNITY LED TOTAL SANITATION (CLTS) 68

PROGRAM IN THE DISTRICT PEGAGAN HILIR OF REGENCY OF DAIRI IN 2018
ELFIDA PURBA
[P17] PATTERNS OF DENGUE HEMORRHAGIC FEVER AT HAJI GENERAL HOSPITAL ON 69

JULY – DECEMBER 2015
SEKAR ANGGRAINI
[P18] THE RELATION OF ANTENATAL CARE (ANC) WITH THE INCIDENCE OF ANEMIA IN 70
THE DATUK BANDAR TIMUR HEALTH CENTER, TANJUNG BALAI, NORTH
SUMATRA, INDONESIA
FARIDA UMAMY
[P19] CAUSES OF INFECTIOUS DISEASE IN RANGKAH SUB DISTRICT, SURABAYA, 71

INDONESIA
FEBRINA DEWI SAFITRI, RENTICABELLA PRAHARANIE EDYTYA
[P20] DESCRIPTION OF PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS, SMOKE OF HOUSEHOLD 72

WASTE, INCIDENCE OF CHRONIC LUNG DISEASE
RENTICABELLA PRAHARANIE EDYTYA, FEBRINA DEWI SAFITRI
[P21] INCIDENCE OF HYPERTENSION AT HAJI GENERAL HOSPITAL MEDAN IN 2015 73

KIKI DWI KUSUMA WARDHANY
[P22] THE IMPLEMENTATION OF NATIONAL HEALTH INSURANCE FOR POOR SOCIETY 74

TENGKU LYA HANDA SURI, PUJIYANTO
[P23] ANALYSIS OF DIFFERENCES ON HEALTH COST BASED ON FINANCING SOURCES 75

AT EKA HOSPITAL PEKANBARU
MARTIN SUSANTO
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PRESENTATION WITHOUT PUBLICATION
[U01] CALCITRIOL ATTENUATES KIDNEY FIBROSIS VIA DECREASING TUBULAR INJURY, 76

M1-M2 MACROPHAGE RATIO, AND MYOFIBROBLAST
RIZKA ADI NUGRAHA PUTRA, DWI CAHYANI RATNA SARI,
SANTOSA BUDIHARJO, NUR ARFIAN
x
3rd International Conference on Applied Science and Health 2018
Addressing Global Health Challenges: Policy, Research, and Practices
Faculty of Graduate Studies, Mahidol University
Salaya, 2 Agustus 2018
CONFERENCE PROGRAM
07.00 ‐ Preparation
07:30 ‐ 08.30 Registration
08.40 ‐ 09.30 Opening Ceremony
08.45 ‐ 08.50 Opening ceremony starts MC
08.50 ‐ 09.00 Welcoming Speech : 3rd ICASH Chairperson and Dean Faculty of Graduate Studies, Mahidol University Prof. Dr. Patcahree Letrit, M.D.
09.00 ‐ 09.10 Opening Speech : President of Mahidol University Prof. Banchong Mahaisavariya, M.D.
09.10 ‐ 09.15 Appreciation Speech 1: Representative from Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Indonesia
09.15 ‐ 09.20 Appreciation Speech 2: Representative from Universitas Sari Mutiara Indonesia
09.20 ‐ 09.25 Appreciation Speech 3: Representative from The Indonesian Public Health Association
09.25 ‐ 09.30 Appreciation Speech 4: Representative from Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University
09.30 ‐ 09.40 Photo Session and Token Appreciation
09.40 ‐ 09.55 Coffee break
10.00 ‐ 12.15 Keynotes Speeches Session Moderato: Joko Gunawan, Ph.D (candidate)
10.00 ‐ 10.30 Global Health: Challenges and Opportunities for Translating Policy into Practice Prof. Andrew J. Macnab
10.30 ‐ 11.00 Epidemilogy for Health Policy Assoc. Prof. Dr. Mathuros Tipayamongkholgul
11.00 ‐ 11.30 Current State of The Art Health Policy in Indonesia Dr. Adang Bachtiar, M.PH., D.Sc.
11.30 ‐ 12.15 Discussion Session
12.15 ‐ 12.20 Closing Discussion Session
12.15 ‐ 13.10 Lunch break
PANEL SESSION ‐ 1
Health promotion for children and youth Epidemiology and public health nutrition Healthy public policy and its implementation Environmental, occupational health and safety Applied science in health
R.401 R.402 R.403 R.404 R.405

Moderator Sarah Jane Racall, Ph.D (Cand.) Joko Gunawan,Ph.D (Cand.) Pichpisith P. Vejvisithsakul, Ph.D.(Cand.) Rian Adi Pamungkas,PhD (Cand) Reny Pratiwi, PhD (Cand.)
ICASH‐A01 Ronald Mukisa ICASH‐A02 Mouaddh Abdulmalik ICASH‐A05 Phone Myint Hlaing ICASH‐A09 Eakapong Tamboon ICASH‐A06 Ruethairat Boonsombat
ICASH‐A04 Pyae Phyo Kyaw ICASH‐A03 Aung Minn Thway ICASH‐A10 Arifin ICASH‐A22 Erna Maria ICASH‐A11 Ronaa Hammada,
ICASH‐A07 Yohannes Willihelm Saleky ICASH‐A36 Eka Yuliartiningsih ICASH‐A15 Ida Ayu Agung Laksmi ICASH‐A30 Yenni Gustiani Tarigan ICASH‐A13 Mega Ayu Lestari,
ICASH‐A08 Annida Putri Maharani ICASH‐A43 Donal Nababan ICASH‐A17 Herpani Sudirman ICASH‐A44 Hana Yundari ICASH‐A24 Zainal Abidin
ICASH‐A16 Ricky Alexander Samosir ICASH‐A49 Riza Ambari ICASH‐A18 Citra Yuliyanti ICASH‐A48 Ari Wijayanti ICASH‐A38 Rachma Ayu Maulidiany
13.10‐15.10 ICASH‐A31 Hana Ike Dameria Purba ICASH‐A50 Widy Hartono ICASH‐A19 Fidela Eniraisa ICASH‐A53 Frida Lina Tarigan ICASH‐A40 Sharah Julia Andayani
ICASH‐A32 Siti Aisah ICASH‐A51 Sherly Dwi Agustiningrum ICASH‐A23 M. Eriex F Suka ICASH‐A42 Mega Hasanul Huda
ICASH‐A34 Edi Junaidi ICASH‐A25 Luvi Christiani ICASH‐U01 Rizka Adi Nugraha Putra
ICASH‐A35 Annisa Lidra Maribeth ICASH‐A26 Muchamad
ICASH‐A39 Lita Harlianti
ICASH‐A54 Aulia Rahman Tanjung
15.10‐15.25 Coffee break
PANEL SESSION ‐ 2
Women's health Epidemiology and public health nutrition Healthy public policy and its implementation Environmental, occupational health and safety Applied science in health
R.401 R.402 R.403 R.404 R. 405

Moderator Sarah Jane Racall, Ph.D (Cand.) Joko Gunawan,Ph.D (Cand.) Pichpisith P. Vejvisithsakul, Ph.D.(Cand.) Rian Adi Pamungkas,PhD (Cand) Reny Pratiwi, PhD (Cand.)
ICASH‐A12 Elinda Ameliana ICASH‐A28 Yani Oryza
ICASH‐A14 I Gusti Ngurah Edi Putra ICASH‐A29 Monika Noviena Susanto
ICASH‐A20 Wike Pratiastuti ICASH‐A33 Taufiqurrahman
ICASH‐A21 Stella Maris Bakara ICASH‐A37 Fatimah Sarah
15.30‐17.30
ICASH‐A27 Nur Annisa Fauziyah ICASH‐A46 Putri Ilham Sari
ICASH‐A41 Sri Windiarti ICASH‐A47 Toki Hilmawati
ICASH‐A45 Alifani Faiz Faradhila ICASH‐A52 Meily Arovi Qulsum
ICASH‐A56 Puput K. Muhas ICASH‐A55 Rosinta Magdalena
ICASH‐A57 Suvonalya
17.30‐18.00 Poster presentation
18.00‐20.00 Networking Dinner
Room 401
Moderator Sarah Jane Racall, Ph.D (Cand.)
Panel coordinator IGN Edi Putra
Health Promotion for Children and Youth
REDUCING THE GLOBAL BURDEN OF POOR ORAL HEALTH THROUGH SCHOOL‐BASED
1 ICASH‐A01 Ronald Mukisa
PROGRAMS.
PREVALENCE OF INTESTINAL PARASITE AND RELATED FACTORS AMONG SCHOOL
2 ICASH‐A04 Pyae Phyo Kyaw
CHILDREN IN SUAN PHUENG SUBDISTRICT, RATCHABURI, THAILAND
MAIN SOURCES OF SUGAR INTAKE OF ADOLESCENTS IN DAERAH ISTIMEWA
3 ICASH‐A07 Yohannes Willihelm Saleky
YOGYAKARTA PROVINCE, INDONESIA
CHANGING COSMETIC BRANDS INCREASE RISK OF FREQUENCY AND DEGREE OF ACNE
4 ICASH‐A08 Annida Putri Maharani
VULGARIS IN FEMALE UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS
ADOLESCENTS' PROBLEM RECOGNITION, CONSTRAINT RECOGNITION AND LEVEL OF
5 ICASH‐A16 Ricky Alexander Samosir
INVOLVEMENT IN REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH INFORMATION SEEKING AND PROCESSING
FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH QUALITY OF LIFE AMONG FINAL‐YEAR STUDENTS BY USING
6 ICASH‐A31 Hana Ike Dameria Purba
PRECEDE MODEL IN SARI MUTIARA INDONESIA UNIVERSITY, INDONESIA
DEVELOPMENT OF COGNITIVE SCREENING IN CHILDREN UNDER FIVE YEARS OLD IN
7 ICASH‐A32 Siti Aisah
DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW
8 ICASH‐A34 Edi Junaidi ELECTRONIC CIGARETTE USE AMONG ADOLESCENTS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
THE ASSOCIATION OF UNINTENDED PREGNANCY WITH STUNTING ON CHILDREN
9 ICASH‐A35 Annisa Lidra Maribeth
UNDER FIVE YEARS OLD: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
EFFECT OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND FAST FOOD CONSUMPTION FREQUENCY TO THE
10 ICASH‐A39 Lita Harlianti
OVERWEIGHT LEVEL IN HIGH SCHOOL ADOLESCENT
FEMALE STUDENTS’ PERCEPTION ON BREAST CANCER DETECTION USING “SADARI”
11 ICASH‐A54 Aulia Rahman Tanjung
METHOD
Women's Health
ANTENATAL CARE (ANC) VISIT FREQUENCY IN THE THIRD TRIMESTER AND PRETERM
1 ICASH‐A12 Elinda Ameliana EVENTS IN PUSKESMAS PONDOH AND JUNTINYUAT IN INDRAMAYU REGENCY BETWEEN
2014‐2016
SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS, WORK VENUE, KNOWLEDGE, AND CONDOM
2 ICASH‐A14 I Gusti Ngurah Edi Putra
USE AMONG INDIRECT FEMALE SEX WORKERS IN DENPASAR, BALI, INDONESIA
EVALUATION OF MOTHER AND CHILD HEALTH (MCH) HANDBOOK: A SYSTEMATIC
3 ICASH‐A20 Wike Pratiastuti
REVIEW
PERCEIVED INSUFFICIENT MILK (PIM) AMONG MOTHERS OF 0‐6 MONTHS INFANTS IN
4 ICASH‐A21 Stella Maris Bakara
CIPAYUNG HEALTH CENTRE, DEPOK INDONESIA: A QUALITATIVE STUDY
THE EFFECTS OF SECTION CAESAREA TO EARLY BREASTFEEDING INITIATION: A
5 ICASH‐A27 Nur Annisa Fauziyah
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
DETERMINANTS OF EARLY MARRIAGE AND ITS IMPACT ON MATERNAL AND CHILD
6 ICASH‐A41 Sri Windiarti
HEALTH IN INDONESIA: SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH MATERNAL KNOWLEDGE ON EXCLUSIVE BREASTFEEDING
7 ICASH‐A45 Alifani Faiz Faradhila
IN CIPAYUNG SUB‐DISTRICT, DEPOK CITY, INDONESIA
FACTORS RELATED TO BIRTH SPACING PRACTICE AMONG CHILD MARRIAGE COUPLE IN
8 ICASH‐A56 Puput K. Muhas
INDONESIA
Room 402
Moderator Joko Gunawan,NS,PhD (Candidate)
Panel coordinator Desri Astuti
Epidemiology and Public Health Nutrition
BURDEN OF CANCER ATTRIBUTABLE TO SMOKING IN GULF COOPERATION COUNCIL
1 ICASH‐A02 Mouaddh Abdulmalik
(GCC) COUNTRIES, 2015
SPATIO‐TEMPORAL ANALYSIS OF MALARIA INCIDENCE ALONG HLAINGBWE TOWNSHIP
2 ICASH‐A03 Aung Minn Thway
IN MYANMAR AND THA SONG YANG DISTRICT IN THAILAND
THE STRATEGY TO IMPROVE THE LIFE QUALITY OF HEROIN ADDICTS THROUGH
3 ICASH‐A36 Eka Yuliartiningsih
METHADONE MAINTENANCE THERAPY SERVICE
ANALYSIS OF NUTRITIONAL CONTENT OF TORBANGUN (COLEUS AMBOINICUS LOUR)
4 ICASH‐A43 Donal Nababan
LEAF BISCUIT
ANALYSIS IMPLEMENTATION OF DOWNWARD REFERRAL PROGRAMS DIABETES
5 ICASH‐A49 Riza Ambari
MELLITUS AND HYPERTENSION IN HOSPITAL X, JAKARTA
6 ICASH‐A50 Widy Hartono STROKE CARE: STROKE UNIT VERSUS NON STROKE UNIT
7 ICASH‐A51 Sherly Dwi Agustiningrum FOODS CONTAINING FORMALIN AND CHLORINE IN THE EAST SURABAYA AREA

Room 403
Moderator Pichpisith P. Vejvisithsakul, Ph.D.(Cand.)
Panel coordinator Any Setyawati
Healthy Public Policy and Its Implementation
PERCEPTION OF MEDICAL DOCTORS ON CHEST TUBE THORACOSTOMY SIMULATION
1 ICASH‐A05 Phone Myint Hlaing
MODEL
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HEALTH FINANCING MECHANISM AND MORTALITY RATE
2 ICASH‐A10 Arifin
IN SANTA MARIA PEKANBARU HOSPITAL
3 ICASH‐A15 Ida Ayu Agung Laksmi PROGNOSTIC OF INHALATION INJURY IN SEVERE BURN PATIENT ON EMERGENCY PHASE
EFFECTIVENESS OF ‘FAST’ STROKE CAMPAIGN FOR FAST STROKE RECOGNITION AND
4 ICASH‐A17 Herpani Sudirman
RESPONSE: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
DELAYS IN CLAIM SUBMISSIONS AND THE THREAT TO HOSPITAL CASH FLOW UNDER
5 ICASH‐A18 Citra Yuliyanti
THE NATIONAL HEALTH INSURANCE SCHEME IN INDONESIA
PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF INPATIENT UNIT “ANGGREK PAVILION” AT RSAL DR.
6 ICASH‐A19 Fidela Eniraisa
MINTOHARDJO IN 2014 ‐ 2017 USING MANAGEMENT APPROACH
DELAY OF ELECTIVE OPERATIONS IN AWAL BROS PANAM PEKANBARU HOSPITAL
7 ICASH‐A23 M. Eriex F Suka
JANUARI‐APRIL 2018
8 ICASH‐A25 Luvi Christiani FACTORS AFFECTING NURSE TURNOVER IN HOSPITAL
THE INCIDENCE OF PHLEBITIS AMONG INPATIENT IN THE HOSPITAL: SYSTEMATIC
9 ICASH‐A26 Muchamad
REVIEW
LEAN IMPLEMENTATION TO ALLEVIATE OVERCROWDING IN EMERGENCY
10 ICASH‐A28 Yani Oryza
DEPARTMENT: NARRATIVE REVIEW
STAFFING NEEDS ANALYSIS IN THE PHARMACY UNIT OF SANTA MARIA HOSPITAL
11 ICASH‐A29 Monika Noviena Susanto
PEKANBARU 2017
12 ICASH‐A33 Taufiqurrahman THE ROLE OF CLINICAL PATHWAY IN IMPROVING HOSPITALS COST EFFICIENCY
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW: COST AND FINANCIAL ECONOMIC IMPACT IN CATHETER
13 ICASH‐A37 Fatimah Sarah
ASSOCIATED URINARY TRACT INFECTION (CAUTI)
ANALYSIS OF FACTORS AFFECTING THE PERFORMANCE OF NURSE IN RUMAH SAKIT
14 ICASH‐A46 Putri Ilham Sari
UMUM MUFID ACEH
EFFECT OF CLINICAL PATHWAY ON HOSPITAL’S QUALITY AND COST AT “TK” HOSPITAL
15 ICASH‐A47 Toki Hilmawati
BANDAR LAMPUNG
ACHIEVEMENT OF COMMUNITY HEALTH CENTER, SEEN THROUGH ACCREDITATION
16 ICASH‐A52 Meily Arovi Qulsum
RESULTS: CASE STUDY IN PUSKESMAS "X", IN SURABAYA
THE IMPACT OF ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE CONTROL PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION
17 ICASH‐A55 Rosinta Magdalena
ON THE RATIONAL USE OF ANTIBIOTICS IN EKA HOSPITAL PEKANBARU
18 ICASH‐A57 Suvonalya QUALITY OF SERVICE OF OUTPATIENT UNIT IN BA HOSPITAL, INDONESIA
Room 404
Moderator Rian Adi Pamungkas,PhD (Cand)
Panel coordinator Yossie Putri
Environmental, Occupational Health and Safety
HOUSEKEEPING GENES ANALYSIS OF FOODBORNE PATHOGENIC BACTERIA VIBRIO
1 ICASH‐A09 Eakapong Tamboon
PARAHAEMOLYTICUS ISOLATED FROM AQUATIC BIRDS IN THAILAND
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF VENTILATOR ASSOCIATED PNEUMONIA BUNDLE (VAP) IN
2 ICASH‐A22 Erna Maria
THE ICU OF EKA HOSPITAL, PEKANBARU
THE CORRELATION BETWEEN COMMUNITY BEHAVIOR IN CONTROLLING MOSQUITO
3 ICASH‐A30 Yenni Gustiani Tarigan
HABITAT AND THE EXISTENCE OF LARVA AEDES AEGYPTI IN DWIKORA, MEDAN
EFFECTIVENESS OF WILLIAM FLEXION EXERCISE TO REDUCE PAIN INTENSITY ON LOW
4 ICASH‐A44 Hana Yundari
BACK PAIN (LBP) OF WOODCARVERS IN BALI, INDONESIA
INTEGRATED REHABILITATION PROGRAM FOR PERSONNEL WITH DISABILITIES IN THE
5 ICASH‐A48 Ari Wijayanti
MINISTRY OF DEFENSE AND INDONESIAN NATIONAL ARMED FORCES
ASSOCIATION OF COMMUNITY BEHAVIOR AND CONDITION OF THE HOME EXPOSED TO
6 ICASH‐A53 Frida Lina Tarigan VOLCANIC ASH WITH THE ACUTE RESPIRATORY INFECTION (ARI) AMONG VILLAGERS IN
PERBAJI
Room 405
Moderator Reny Pratiwi, PhD (Cand.)
Panel coordinator Chairunisah Hasanah
Applied Science in Health
BIOACTIVE ACTIVITY OF A RECOMBINANT LONGAN (DIMOCARPUS LONGAN LOUR.)
1 ICASH‐A06 Ruethairat Boonsombat
SEED PEPTIDE
COMPARISON OF EFFECTIVENESS BETWEEN CELERY JUICE (APIUM GRAVEOLENS L.)
2 ICASH‐A11 Ronaa Hammada,
AND 2% MICONAZOLE TOWARDS THE GROWTH OF MALASSEZIA FURFUR
POTENTIAL ACCELERATING EFFECT OF AGERATUM CONYZOIDES L. LEAVES EXTRACT ON
3 ICASH‐A13 Mega Ayu Lestari,
FIBROBLASTS DENSITY OF INCISION WOUND OF MALE WHITE MICE (MUS MUSCULUS)
DETERMINANTS OF TRADITIONAL, COMPLEMENTARY, AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE
4 ICASH‐A24 Zainal Abidin
(TCAM) CHOICES: A NARRATIVE REVIEW
EFFECT OF TREE MARIGOLD (TITHONIA DIVERSIFOLIA (HEMSL.) A. GRAY) LEAVES
5 ICASH‐A38 Rachma Ayu Maulidiany
INFUSION AND ETHANOL EXTRACT
EFFECTIVENESS OF SANSEVIERIA TRIFASCIATA L TO AERIAL PATHOGENIC MICROFUNGI
6 ICASH‐A40 Sharah Julia Andayani
IN TUTORIAL ROOMS
SUCROSE AND SWADDLING EFFECTIVELY REDUCE PAIN RESPONSE ON NEONATAL
7 ICASH‐A42 Mega Hasanul Huda
BLOOD SPOT BY HEEL PRICK
CALCITRIOL ATTENUATES KIDNEY FIBROSIS VIA DECREASING TUBULAR INJURY, M1‐M2
8 ICASH‐U01 Rizka Adi Nugraha Putra
MACROPHAGE RATIO, AND MYOFIBROBLAST
(No. 3, 2018)
ICASH-A01
REDUCING THE GLOBAL BURDEN OF POOR ORAL HEALTH

THROUGH SCHOOL-BASED PROGRAMS
Andrew John Macnab 1,2 Ronald Mukisa 1,3,*
1
Stellenbosch Institute for Advanced Study (STIAS), Wallenberg Research Centre at Stellenbosch
University, 7600 Stellenbosch, South Africa.
2
Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
3
Health and Development Agency (HEADA), Mbarara, Uganda.
*Corresponding author’s email: ronnymukisa04@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Background: Globally, gingivitis (gum inflammation) and dental caries (tooth decay) have a negative
impact on the health and quality of life of children. Those from disadvantaged populations suffer
disproportionally from poor oral health, yet much of the pathology and associated pain and suffering
is preventable if children are taught simple and inexpensive practices that can improve their oral health.
The World Health Organization (WHO) has called for more programs to improve children’s oral health
worldwide.
Aims: To summarize how readily implemented school-based programs can provide knowledge and
teach health practices that promote behaviors that can enable children to improve their oral health
through better hygiene and a reduced incidence of gum disease and caries.
Results: The WHO Health Promoting School (HPS) program model is well suited to address poor oral
health. The model begins with community dialogue to establish understanding of the cause, adverse
effects and approaches to prevention. Next teachers are helped to establish, sustain and evaluate an
intervention in the local school. Intervention is based on the two core components of WHO HPS
programs; first, teachers add health-related curriculum and visual aid production to classroom
activities, and second, opportunities are added for children to participate in health-related practices
while at school, for example tooth brushing or tooth stick sessions to clean their teeth after the lunch
break.
Conclusions: Poor oral health is an example of a worldwide public health issue of central importance
to children where school-based intervention has been shown to have benefits, through changes in
behaviors achieved through teaching a combination of simple factual knowledge and inexpensive health
practices.
Keywords: Oral Health, School-based intervention, Teachers, WHO Health Promoting Schools
1
(No. 3, 2018)
ICASH-A02
BURDEN OF CANCER ATTRIBUTABLE TO SMOKING IN GULF

COOPERATION COUNCIL (GCC) COUNTRIES, 2015
Mouaddh Abdulmalik, Montarat Thavorncharoensap*
Social, Economic, and Administrative Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy,

Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
* Corresponding author’s email: montarat.tha@mahidol.ac.th
ABSTRACT
Background: Smoking is a major cause of premature mortality worldwide. Smoking is recognized as

the leading preventable cause of cancer and mortality from cancer. This study aims at estimating the
number of cancer mortality and years of potential life lost (YPLL) attributable to smoking in GCC
countries in 2015.
Methods: Smoking prevalence was combined with Relative Risks (RRs) of cancer to obtain smoking
attributable fractions (SAFs). Mortality data of people older than 15 years were derived from WHO
deaths estimates while life expectation was obtained from WHO life tables 2015. Sixteen types of cancer
were included in the analysis.
Results: Smoking is responsible for 2,141 cancer deaths among people aged 15 years and above in
GCC countries (1,895 deaths among men, 246 deaths among women). This represents 15% of cancer
deaths in GCC (26.43% in male, 3.5% in female). Additionally, cancer deaths attributable to smoking
were responsible for 40,485 YPLL (35,361 years among men, 5,124 years among women).
Conclusion: Smoking causes a considerable burden in GCC countries in term of mortality and years
of potential life lost. Effective smoking control initiatives and sustained efforts are needed to minimize
cancer burden in the future.
Keywords: Cancer, GCC, Premature mortality, Smoking, YPLL
2
(No. 3, 2018)
ICASH-A03
SPATIO-TEMPORAL ANALYSIS OF MALARIA INCIDENCE ALONG

HLAINGBWE TOWNSHIP IN MYANMAR AND THA SONG YANG
DISTRICT IN THAILAND
Aung Minn Thway 1, Jaranit Kaewkungwal 2,*, Jetsumon Prachumsri 3, Siam Lawawirojwong 4,
Aung Thi 5, Tin Maung Hlaing 6, Thiha Myint Soe 7, Chawarat Rotejanaprasert 2
1
Master of Tropical Medicine Program, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University
2
Department of Tropical Hygiene, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University
3
Mahidol Vivax Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University
4
Geo-Informatics and Space Technology Development Agency (Bangkok, Thailand)
5
National Malaria Control Program, Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar
6
Defence Services Medical Research Centre
7
National Malaria Control Program, Hpa-An, Myanmar
*Corresponding author’s email: jaranit.kae@mahidol.ac.th

ABSTRACT
Background: Malaria stays a serious public health problem in many countries of the world. The border
regions are difficult to control for the malaria elimination due to the importation or reintroduction of
malaria. A key to address such problem is reinforcing of surveillance activities with rapid identification.
The objective of the study was to describe the malaria incidence rate and analyze the space and time
distribution of malaria incidence rate in the high endemic border areas between Myanmar and
Thailand, the Hlaingbwe Township and Tha Song Yang District.
Methodology: Daily malaria data were collected, using a passive surveillance system, from patients
visiting local health facilities in both Tha Song Yang and Hlaingbwe regions. ArcMap software version
10.4.1 was used to describe the disease mapping of malaria incidence rate in both regions.
Results: Compared to their counterparts, male gender had higher malaria incidence rates in both Tha
Song Yang and Hlaingbwe regions. Non-Thai people had higher incidence rate than Thai in Tha Song
Yang district. The higher incidence rates had seasonal pattern and the pattern was similar in both
regions. The areas with a higher incidence rate could be seen in both inner side and along Thai-
Myanmar border (upper and lower parts) in Tha Song Yang area. But in Hlaingbwe Township, the
higher incidence rate occurred only in the inner and upper parts except for Me La Yaw and Tar Le
areas which are situated along the Thai-Myanmar border. Along the border, the higher incidence rates
were connected to the adjacent area in upper and lower parts between these two regions.
Conclusion: The descriptive statistics and presented map in this study gave the health policy makers
an important overview of malaria situation in this regions in order to intervene high risk areas more
effectively, and distribute the resources in a useful manner.
Keywords: malaria, border regions, Thailand, Myanmar
3
(No. 3, 2018)
ICASH-A04
PREVALENCE OF INTESTINAL PARASITE AND RELATED

FACTORS AMONG SCHOOL CHILDREN IN SUAN PHUENG
SUBDISTRICT, RATCHABURI, THAILAND
Pyae Phyo Kyaw 1, Chirawat Paratthakonkun 2,*, Rapeeporn Yaicharoen 3, Reongwit Nilkote 3,
Ngamphol Soonthornworasiri 4, Pattaneeya Prangthip 1, Pannamas Maneekan 4,
Aung Phone Zaw 1, Sai Wai Yan Myint Thu 1, Dumrongkiet Arthan 1
1
Department of Tropical Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Tropical Medicine,
Mahidol University
2
College of Sports Science and Technology, Mahidol University
3
Department of Community Medical Technology, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol
University
4
Department of Tropical Hygiene, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University
*Corresponding author email: chirawat.par@mahidol.ac.th
ABSTRACT
Background: Intestinal parasitic infections are still regarded as the major public health problems in
Thailand, especially in rural areas. The presence of intestinal parasites in school children is a well-
accepted indicator of poor personal hygiene and low economic standards. This study aimed to
determine the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections and its associated risk factors among primary
school children (Grade 4 to 6) in Suan Phueng sub-district, Ratchaburi, Thailand, where is located at
Thai-Myanmar border areas.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at three selected governmental primary schools. A
total of 252 school children (130 boys, 51.6% and 122 girls, 48.4%) were recruited in this study.
Intestinal parasites were detected from their stool samples by using formalin ethyl-acetate
concentration technique. Socio-demographic status and personal hygiene were assessed by a validated
structured questionnaire.
Results: An overall prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection was 19%. Poly-parasitism was found in
4% of school children. The most common parasite was Entamoeba coli (6.4%) followed by Ascaris
lumbricoides (4.5%), Endolimax nana cyst (4.0%), and Giadia lumbria (1.8%). Additionally, family
income, drinking water sources from school and home, hand-washing habit after using toilet, anal
cleansing after defecation, and parents’ education level were significantly associated with intestinal
parasitic infections.
Conclusions: High prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections was found in primary school children
at Suan Phueng sub-district, Ratchaburi, Thailand. Therefore, health promotion, modern health
education, water sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) programs are crucial for prevention of intestinal
parasitic infections in primary schools, particularly in Thai-Myanmar border areas. Reducing the
prevalence of parasitic infections in school children may be of immense benefits on child growth,
development, and educational outcomes.
Keywords: School children, Intestinal parasites, Prevalence, Risk factors, Health education
4
(No. 3, 2018)
ICASH-A05
PERCEPTION OF MEDICAL DOCTORS ON CHEST TUBE

THORACOSTOMY SIMULATION MODEL
Phone Myint Hlaing, Thasaneeya Ratanaroutai Nopparatjamjomras*,
Suchai Nopparatjamjomras
Institute for Innovative Learning, Mahidol University, Thailand
*Corresponding author’s email: thasaneeya.rat@mahidol.edu
ABSTRACT
Background: Chest tube thoracostomy is a common procedure that offers in patients with medical
emergency conditions. Severe complications or even death can occur to the patients if medical doctors
do not well perform and skillfully. This study aims to find medical doctors’ perception of the realistic
features of the chest tube thoracostomy simulation model, which was developed by researchers.
Methods: Fifteen Myanmar medical doctors were voluntarily to enroll in a half-day, chest tube
thoracostomy workshop. Data of medical doctors’ perception was collected using a 5-points Likert’s
scale self-evaluation survey form. In addition, the participants were asked to write their comments or
suggestions for the realistic features of the chest tube thoracostomy simulation model.
Results: Medical doctors’ perception on the realistic features of the chest tube thoracostomy simulation
model was positive by responding as agree and strongly agree. All experts perceived as strongly agree
in cost effectiveness of the model (100%) and using the model in the procedural training (100%). The
postgraduate doctors responded to similar human sensations and complying procedural steps as agree
(92.3%) in both statements. All experts rated to self-confidence (100%) as agree whereas the
postgraduate doctors responded to it as agree (84.6%). Participants preferred the structures of the
simulation model and its educational values for the chest tube thoracostomy procedural skills training.
They suggested to use this simulation model for training medical students.
Conclusion: The perception of the medical doctors on the realistic features of the chest tube
thoracostomy simulation model showed that this simulation model could use as an effective educational
tool in the procedural skills training.
Keywords: Chest tube thoracostomy, simulation model, procedural skills training
5
(No. 3, 2018)
ICASH-A06
BIOACTIVE ACTIVITY OF A RECOMBINANT LONGAN

(Dimocarpus longan LOUR.) SEED PEPTIDE
Thanaporn Wichai 1, Ruethairat Boonsombat 2,*

1
Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
2
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ramkhamhaeng University, Bangkok, Thailand
*Corresponding author’s email: acnn153@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Background: Consumption of antioxidants has been evident to prevent diseases caused by free radicals
damage. Antioxidants can be found in the form of peptide in various natural sources. From our previous
study, to overcome obstacles of direct longan seed hydrolysate extraction, the recombinant Longan1
peptide which contains 4 repeats of ISYVVPVYIAEITPKTFRGGF linked by D was produced from
Escherichia coli. The in vitro bioactive properties of this recombinant peptide were characterized.
Methods: The recombinant and chemically synthesized Longan1 peptides were tested for bioactive
activity including, DPPH, ABTS, and nitric oxide radical scavenging assays, the ability to protect
plasmid DNA from hydroxyl radicals, anti-proliferative activity to several cancer cell lines, and anti-
inflammatory effects in cell culture level.
Results: The recombinant peptide revealed antioxidative activities, including DPPH, ABTS, and nitric
oxide radical scavenging activity, which are similar to the chemically-synthesized one. However, the
recombinant peptide exhibited higher in vitro ability to protect DNA from hydroxyl radicals. The IC50
value of the recombinant Longan1 peptide could only be calculated through the assay of anti-
proliferation of stomach KATO-III cancer cell line, while IC50 value from the chemically synthesized
peptide could not be calculated in any tested cell lines. Finally, the anti-inflammatory effect determined
by the inhibition of nitric oxide production from macrophages RAW 264.7 activated by LPS revealed
that the recombinant Longan1 peptide could inhibit nitric oxide production from macrophage cells,
whereas the chemically-synthesized one could not.
Conclusion: With all these properties, the recombinant Longan1 peptide seems to have bioactivity that
can possibly be a candidate for further medical application or supplementary products.
Keywords: Antioxidant, anti-proliferation, cancer, free radicals, inflammation, longan, peptide
6
(No. 3, 2018)
ICASH-A07
MAIN SOURCES OF SUGAR INTAKE OF ADOLESCENTS

IN DAERAH ISTIMEWA YOGYAKARTA PROVINCE, INDONESIA
Yohannes Willihelm Saleky 1,*, Nipa Rojroongwasinkul 2
1
Master of Science Program in Nutrition and Dietetics, Institute of Nutrition,
Mahidol University
2
Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University
*Corresponding author’s email: yohannessaleky@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Background: There was 16.9% of population in Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (DIY) Province with
excess sugar intake, higher than national prevalence 4.8%. Nevertheless, there has not been studied yet
about sugar intake of adolescents in this province. The adverse effects of excessive sugar intake leads
to cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and type 2 diabetes mellitus, directly and indirectly through body
weight and fat gain in later life. Twenty to forty percent of overweight adolescents are twice likely to
develop CVD and seven times greater risk of atherosclerosis. Thus, it is important to prevent NCDs
since the behaviours established during adolescent have life-long consequences particularly regarding
NCDs in DIY Province. This study aims to assess the daily sugar intake and the main sources of sugar
of adolescents in DIY province, Indonesia.
Methods: This is an observational study with cross sectional design with the targeted population of all
the adolescents aged 15 to 17 years old in urban and rural area of Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta
province, Indonesia. Four schools were chosen with the total sample of 380 students. Four instruments
were used in this study i.e. general information questionnaire, semi-quantitative food frequency
questionnaire (SFFQ), digital weighing scale and BIA analysis, and microtoise. Mann Whitney test was
used to analyze the difference of daily sugar intake between urban and rural area. Statistical tests were
considered as significant at P <0·05.
Results: Means of daily sugar intake of adolescents were 107.0 g and 87.4 g in urban and rural area
respectively. In urban area, the minimum intake of sugar was 15.2 g/day and the maximum intake of
sugar was 317.2 g/day. Whereas in rural area, the minimum intake of sugar was 17.2 g/day and the
maximum sugar intake was 87.4 g/day. There was a significant difference between average daily sugar
intake of adolescents in urban and rural area (P= 0.004).
Conclusion: The main sources of sugar intake of adolescents both in urban and rural area were
sweetened beverages, additional foods and sweet snacks respectively.
Keywords: Sugar intake, adolescents, semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (SFFQ).
7
(No. 3, 2018)
ICASH-A08
CHANGING COSMETIC BRANDS INCREASE RISK OF FREQUENCY

AND DEGREE OF ACNE VULGARIS IN FEMALE
UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS
Annida P Maharani *, Witri Pratiwi, Donny Nauphar
Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Swadaya Gunung Jati, Cirebon, Indonesia
*Corresponding author’s email: anidaputri21@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Background: Acne vulgaris is a skin disease caused by chronic inflammation of the follicular
pilosebacea marked by the presence of blackheads, papules, pustules, nodules, and cysts in place of
healthy skin. One of the risk factors for Acne vulgaris is changing cosmetic brands which may contain
comedogenic and acnegenic ingredients. The aim of this study is to find out the relationship of changing
cosmetic brands and the prevalence of Acne vulgaris in female undergraduates.
Methods: This was an observational study with cross sectional design. The subjects were 344 female
undergraduates who used two out of four types of cosmetics, recruited by total sampling. Data were
analyzed to see the relationship of changing cosmetic brands with the degree and the frequency of acne.
Results: Based on Spearman correlation test, changing cosmetic brands has a strong positive
correlation (r2= 0.762) with the degree of acne and a mild positive correlation (r 2=0.461) with acne
frequency. Chi-square test showed statistical significance (p<0.05) between changing cosmetic brands
and the degree and frequency of acne. Subjects who frequently changes cosmetics has a 66 times higher
risk of having bad acne (PR= 66.994; CI 95% = 32.099–139.320) and 8 times higher risk of having
more frequent acne (PR= 8.432; CI 95% = 4.969-14.308) compared to subjects that do not frequently
change cosmetics.
Conclusion: Changing cosmetic brands increased the risk for both the degree of acne and the frequency
of acne.
Keywords: Acne vulgaris, changing cosmetic brands, frequency of acne, degree of acne
8
(No. 3, 2018)
ICASH-A09
HOUSEKEEPING GENES ANALYSIS OF FOODBORNE

PATHOGENIC BACTERIA Vibrio parahaemolyticus ISOLATED FROM
AQUATIC BIRDS IN THAILAND
Eakapong Tamboon1,*, Peeraya Ekchariyawat1, Orasa Suthienkul2, Chonchanok Muangnapoh1
1
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University
2
Faculty of Public Health, Thammasat University, Rangsit Campus
*Corresponding author’s email: eakapong.tam@student.mahidol.ac.th
ABSTRACT
Background: Vibrio parahaemolyticus is one of the leading causative agent of foodborne disease.
Infection is caused by consumption of undercooked contaminated seafood. V. parahaemolyticus is
commonly found in crustacean species and marine environment. Presence of this organism in avian
host has been previously reported, however genetic analysis of avian V. parahaemolyticus is required
for molecular epidemiological study of this organism. The aim of this study was to determine genetic
profile of V. parahaemolyticus isolated from fecal aquatic bird samples by modified Multilocus
Sequence Typing )MLST) method.
Methods: Three housekeeping genes fragments )dnaE, gyrB and pntA) of total 18 V. parahaemolyticus
isolates from fecal aquatic bird samples at Bangpoo resort, Samut Prakarn province, Thailand, during
2016-2017, were amplified by using conventional PCR for nucleotide sequencing. Nucleotide sequences
were analyzed and phylogenetic tree were constructed by MEGA 7.0 software. Comparative genetic
analysis of avian isolates from Thailand and worldwide isolates were performed by using information
from MLST database of V. parahaemolyticus ( https://pubmlst.org /vparahaemolyticus/).
Results: Three housekeeping genes of 18 isolates were successfully amplified and purified for
nucleotide sequencing. Phylogenetic tree analysis of concatenated nucleotide sequences indicated that
18 Thai avian isolates were genetically diverse. Five isolates (MUVP 9, 11, 22, 23 and 24) represented
identical genetic profile with clinical isolates from China, India, Japan and Peru. Other examined
isolates were closely related to environmental isolates from China and United Kingdom. These results
showed that aquatic birds are natural reservoir of V. parahaemolyticus strains with multiple genetic
background.
Conclusion: This study indicated that aquatic birds possessed potentially pathogenic V.
parahaemolyticus and may play a role in transmission of this organism across the countries.
Keywords: Vibrio parahaemolyticus; housekeeping genes; aquatic bird, MLST
9
(No. 3, 2018)
ICASH-A10
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HEALTH FINANCING

MECHANISM AND MORTALITY RATE IN SANTA MARIA
PEKANBARU HOSPITAL
Arifin*, Amal Chalik Sjaaf
Hospital Administration Department, Faculty of Public Health, University of Indonesia
*Corresponding author. Email : dr.arifin@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Background: The main challenge of the health financing mechanism in Indonesia is the allocation of
health spending which is still dominated by the private sector, whereas the largest proportion comes
from out of pocket payments. The system are a significant barrier in accessing health services. Many
individuals with chronis diseases postpone the search for medical services because of high health care
cost. The consequences of the delay is the loss of opportunities to overcome chronic illness. This
research was aimed to analyze the relationship between health financing mechanism and mortality rate
(GDR and NDR) in Santa Maria Pekanbaru Hospital.
Methods: This cross-sectional study involves GDR and NDR of patients using out of pocket payment
and those using health insurance in the year between 2014 - 2017. Data analysis was performed by
independent samples t-Test (significance level p < 0,05).
Result:The result of independent samples t-test analysis indicated that there was
a significant difference between GDR and NDR of patients using out of pocket payment and health
insurance patients (p < 0,05). GDR score of patients using out of pocket payment was 9.58 times higher
than health insurance patients. The NDR score of patients with out of pocket payment 6.79 times higher
than health insurance patients.
Conclusion: The health service outcome in patients with out of pocket payment is lower than health
insurance patients. The out of pocket payment financing mechanism is one of the major problems in the
transition to Universal Health Covered. It is recommended that our government must increase the
health budget which is at least in accordance with the rule of law and improve the allocation of public
sector health funds at least 2/3 of the total health budget to reduce the proportion of out of pocket to
total health expenditure. Health care providers should do efficiency in all areas to reduce the cost of
health services. Patient who do not have health insurance will have to rearrenge the allocation of their
household expense to pay premium insurance and implement the healthy life habits.
Keywords: GDR, health financing mechanism, NDR, out of pocket
10
(No. 3, 2018)
ICASH-A11
COMPARISON OF EFFECTIVENESS BETWEEN CELERY JUICE

(Apium graveolens L.) AND 2% MICONAZOLE TOWARDS THE
GROWTH OF MALASSEZIA FURFUR
Ronaa Hammada*, Witri Pratiwi, Shofa Nur Fauzah, Donny Nauphar, Amanah
*Corresponding author’s email: ronaahammada329@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Pityriasis versicolor is caused by the fungi Malassezia furfur with a worldwide
prevalence of 50%, including tropical countries, second only to dermatitis in Indonesia. Pityriasis
versicolor is difficult to treat and requires long-term treatment. The disease has high recurrence risk
and may cause drug resistance. 2% Miconazole is known to have long-term side effects; therefore,
alternative treatment is needed. Several studies suggested that celery (Apium graveolens L.) contains
active substances with anti-fungal properties. This paper aims to investigate the comparison of
effectiveness between celery juice and 2% Miconazole towards the growth of Malassezia furfur.
Methods: This is an in-vitro experimental study with post-test only control group design. The subjects
were split into 5 groups which were given celery juice in 10% DMSO with the concentration of 10%,
20%, 30%, 40%, and 50%. A negative control group was given only 10% DMSO and the positive
control group was given 2% Miconazole. The data were then analyzed using Kruskall-Wallis followed
by Mann-Whitney test.
Results: The Kruskall-Wallis test showed all concentration of celery juice had antifungal effect with
p=0.000 (p<0.05) and were effective in inhibiting the growth of Malassezia furfur. The Mann-Whitney
test showed that the 50% celery concentration was as effective as 2% Miconazole in inhibiting the
growth of Malassezia furfur (p=0.495).
Conclusion: Celery juice (Apium graveolens L.) was effective in inhibiting the growth of Malassezia
furfur with 50% concentration as the most effective concentration.
Keywords: Apium graveolens L., squeezed celery juice, Malassezia furfur, Miconazole 2%
11
(No. 3, 2018)
ICASH-A12
ANTENATAL CARE (ANC) VISIT FREQUENCY IN THE THIRD

TRIMESTER AND PRETERM EVENTS IN PUSKESMAS PONDOH
AND JUNTINYUAT IN INDRAMAYU REGENCY
BETWEEN 2014-2016
Elinda Ameliana*, Donny Nauphar, Ruri Eka Maryam
*Corresponding author’s email: amelianaelinda0596@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Background: World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that 15 million babies are born preterm
every year and this number continues to increase. Several risk factors for preterm are identified as
mother’s lifestyle such as smoking, malnutrition, weight gain during pregnancy, and drug use or other
factors such as socioeconomic status. In 2015, WHO reported more than 300.000 women died from
pregnancy-related causes and 2.6 million babies were still born worldwide with half occurring during
the third trimester. Antenatal Care (ANC) in the third semester aims to identify fetal position and
identify complication during pregnancy and screen for pre-eclampsia, infection of the reproductive
organs and urinary tract, and plan for delivery. The ANC in the third semester is crucial in keeping
pregnant mother healthy throught pregnancy and delivery.
Aim: To find out the relationship between third trimester Antenatal Care (ANC) visit frequency and
preterm birth event at Puskesmas Pondoh and Juntinyuat in Indramayu regency between 2014-2016.
Methods: This was observational analytic study with cross-sectional approach. The sampling technique
in this research was done by total sampling with 100 respondens. Data were collected from maternal
cohort book and control card of pregnant women. The data were analyzed using Chi-square test and
Prevalence Ratio.
Results: This study found that the proportion of pregnant mothers with insufficient third trimester ANC
was 38% and the number of mothers delivering preterm baby was 32%. Statistical analysis showed
that there was a statistical significance between third trimester ANC visit frequency and preterm labor
with p=0,000 (p<0,05) and women with insufficient ANC visit have 40 times higher risk of preterm
baby compared to mothers who has sufficient ANC visit (PR=40,60; CI95%=11.699-140.8862) in
Puskesmas Pondoh and Juntinyuat Indramayu District 2014-2016.
Conclusion: Having less than 4 ANC visit in the third trimester may increase the risk of delivering
preterm babies. Pregnant women are advised to do ante natal care monthly of a minimum 4 times during
the third trimester.
Keywords: Antenatal Care, Preterm, Puskesmas, Indramayu
12
(No. 3, 2018)
ICASH-A13
POTENTIAL ACCELERATING EFFECT OF Ageratum conyzoides L.

LEAVES EXTRACT ON FIBROBLASTS DENSITY OF INCISION
WOUND OF MALE WHITE MICE (Mus musculus)
Mega Ayu Lestari, Ariestya Indah Permata Sari*, Amanah Amanah

*Corresponding author email: dr.ariestya@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Background: Wound treatment using traditional medicine has been known widely in various countries
in the world. Ageratum conyzoidesL. is commonly known by the ancient people to treat wound due to
its potential anti-inflammatory effect. This study aims determine the effect of Ageratum conyzoidesL.
leaves extract on fibroblast density of incision wound of male white mice (Mus musculus).
Methods: This post-test only control group design experimental study used 35 male white mice which
were randomly divided into five groups, i.e. negative control group K(-), positive control group K(+)
(10% povidone iodine), and treatment group P1, P2, and P3 that were each given billy-goat weed leaf
with increasing dose (15%, 30%, and 45% respectively). On each day, the length of the incision was
measured by a ruler. After 7 days, the mice were terminated to obtain wound tissue which were used to
prepare H&E stained histopathological sections to observe fibroblast density. Non-parametric analyses
using Kruskall-Wallis and Mann Whitney test were used to compare the wound length and fibroblasts
density.
Results: Lengths of incision wound between all pairs of groups at the 7th day are significantly different
(p< 0.05) with group P3 showed the shortest one. Significant differences were also observed in
fibroblasts density between group K(-) and K(+), K(-) and P1, K(-) and P2, K(-) and P3, K(+) and P3,
P1 and P3, P2 and P3 (p< 0.05) with group P3 showed the highest density among all groups.
Conclusions: Ageratum conyzoidesL. leaves extract 45% has more potential effect than povidone
iodine 10% in accelerating healing process by enhancing fibroblasts density.
Keywords: Ageratum conyzoides L., fibroblasts density, incision wound.
13
(No. 3, 2018)
ICASH-A14
SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS, WORK VENUE,

KNOWLEDGE, AND CONDOM USE WITH CLIENTS AMONG
INDIRECT FEMALE SEX WORKERS IN DENPASAR, BALI,
INDONESIA
I Gusti Ngurah Edi Putra1,*, Dusita Phuengsamran1, Aree Jampaklay1,
Panithee Thammawijaya2, Pande Putu Januraga3
1
Institute for Population and Social Research, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
2
Bureau of Epidemiology, Department of Disease Control, Ministry of Public Health, Thailand
3
Centre for Public Health Innovation (CPHI), Udayana University, Indonesia
*Corresponding author’s email: ediputra.ign@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Female sex workers (FSWs) remain an important key population affected by HIV&AIDS
in Indonesia. Indirect FSWs, in particular, are exposing to higher risk comparing to direct FSWs due
to their characteristics and working conditions that could be barriers to safe sex or consistent condom
use. This study aimed to identify association between sociodemographic characteristics, work venue,
and knowledge on HIV&AIDS toward condom use among indirect FSWs.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study using secondary data from a survey on indirect FSWs
conducted by Center for Public Health Innovation (CPHI), Udayana University, Indonesia during
August to October 2017. About 171 indirect FSWs were eligible for this analysis. The dependent
variable in this study was consistent condom use during the last month. Independent variables consisted
of socio-demographic characteristics, work venue, and knowledge on HIV&AIDS. Data were analysed
using univariate and multivariate analysis.
Results: About half of indirect FSWs (50.17%) reported using condom consistently with their clients
during the last month. Indirect FSWs were more likely to use condom consistently if they completed
senior high school or higher (OR=3.49; 95%CI=1.42-8.57), but less likely to use condom if they were
currently or ever married compared to single ones (OR=0.23; 95%CI=0.06-0.82). Those who worked
in karaoke, cafe, and bar were less likely to use condom consistently compared to those in massage
parlor, spa, and beauty salon (OR=0.09; 95%CI=0.03-0.26).
Conclusions: Level of consistent condom use was low, indicating the need to intensify HIV prevention
to indirect FSWs. Significant determinants of consistent condom use included marital status,
educational level, and work venue. This study informed that providing HIV&AIDS information and
improving negotiation skill that fit with characteristics of indirect FSWs and giving institutional support
at workplace is crucial to ensure consistent condom use among indirect FSWs.
Keywords: indirect female sex workers, condom use, clients, Indonesia
14
(No. 3, 2018)
ICASH-A15
PROGNOSIS OF INHALATION INJURY IN SEVERE BURN
PATIENTS ON EMERGENCY PHASE
Ida Ayu Agung Laksmi
Stikes Bina Usada, Bali, Indonesia
Corresponding author’s email: agunglaksmi41@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Background: Inhalation injury in severe burns is a serious problem cause mortality and morbidity.
Survival prognosis of severe burn is most important for patients and family in the emergency phase.
The purpose of this study is to analyze the impact of inhalation injury in severe burn patient during
emergency phase in Sanglah Hospital, Bali, Indonesia.
Methods: This study was a cohort retrospective design of the 78 samples of medical records at Sanglah
Hospital in a period of 2 years, from March 2014 until March 2016.
Results: The results of logistic regressions with mediation show that inhalation injury is a predictor
factor of patient’s survival (p = 0.000) that mediated by respiratory rate. The equation obtained y” =
-6.608 + (5.589) (Inhalation Injury) + (1.942) (RR). The probability for patient with severe burn to die
in the first 48 hours if the patient has an inhalation injury and has a respiratory rate in the first 8 hours
after fluid resuscitation of more than 24 x/m is 71.4%.
Conclusions: Patient with inhalation injury on severe burn has better prognosis if respiratory rate on
first 8 hours is less than 24 cycles per minute.
Keywords: Prognosis of burn, inhalation injury, severe burn, emergency phase
15
(No. 3, 2018)
ICASH-A16
THE EFFECT OF PROBLEM RECOGNITION, CONSTRAINT

RECOGNITION AND LEVEL OF INVOLVEMENT ON
INFORMATION SEEKING AND INFORMATION PROCESSING IN
REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH AMONG ADOLESCENT
Ricky Alexander Samosir 1,*, Hendriyani 2
1
Department of Society and Health, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Mahidol University
2
Department of Communication, Universitas Indonesia
*Corresponding author’s email: rilexsamosir@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Background: As social and sexual being, adolescent have rights to exchange, seek and process
information regarding their sexual and reproductive health. However, many adolescent in Indonesia
did not seek and process information about reproductive health due to some barriers. Using situational
theory of publics in the context of adolescent reproductive health in Indonesia, this study aimed to
determine the effect of problem recognition, constraint recognition and level of involvement on
information seeking and information processing.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in September until December 2013 among 124 high
school students in SMA Angkasa 1 Lanud Medan.
Results: This study found that problem recognition, constraint recognition and level of involvement has
14% effect on information seeking with constraint recognition as the independent variable that has the
biggest effect (12.1%). Problem recognition, constraint recognition and level of involvement has 9.8%
effect on information processing with constraint recognition as the independent variable that has the
biggest effect (8.1%).
Conclusions: Realizing that constraint recognition had the highest effect both on information seeking
and information processing, researcher recommend health communication campaign manager has to
reduce adolescent’s constraint recognition in reproductive health, so adolescent can have higher
information seeking and processing in reproductive health.
Keywords: Situational theory of publics; reproductive health; information seeking; information

processing; adolescent
16
(No. 3, 2018)
ICASH-A17
EFFECTIVENESS OF ‘FAST’ STROKE CAMPAIGN FOR FAST

STROKE RECOGNITION AND RESPONSE:
A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Herpani Sudirman 1,* , Citra Yuliyanti 1 , Andrea Indra Sari 1
1
Health Policy and Administration Department Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Indonesia, F
Building 1st Floor Kampus Baru UI Depok 16424, Indonesia
*Corresponding author email: panidirman@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Background: FAST campaigns help people recognize the signs and symptoms of stroke rapidly to bring
the patient to the hospital or emergency department immediately. However, the effectiveness is still be
questioned. This present study is to evaluate the effectiveness of the campaign of early detection in
stroke patients to reduce the risk of disability.
Methods: A systematic review of articles published between 2010 and 2017 examining the effectiveness
of FAST campaign using interventions was conducted along with narrative synthesis and review of
intervention development. Information from all relevant published articles that determine how the
intervention was developed and evaluated for measuring the effectiveness of FAST campaign were
extracted and analyzed.
Results: Eleven studies were included, six studies report the effectiveness of FAST campaign, but the
other five studies report that the campaigns still do not hit the target. The professionals claim that FAST
campaign has been promoted internationally as a great success, but some studies report that the FAST
campaign still do not have any significant impact in promoting swift response for Emergency Medical
Services (EMS).
Conclusions: Campaigns aimed at the public may raise awareness of signs of stroke, but have limited
impact on behavior. Thus, new campaigns of FAST should survey the principles of good design and be
intensely evaluated for the effectiveness of the implementation.
Keywords: Stroke, FAST campaign, intervention, effectiveness
17
(No. 3, 2018)
ICASH-A18
DELAYED CLAIM PAYMENT AND THE THREAT TO HOSPITAL

CASH FLOW UNDER THE NATIONAL HEALTH INSURANCE
SCHEME IN INDONESIA
Citra Yuliyanti1,3*, Hasbullah Thabrany2,3
1
School of Public Health Universitas Indonesia
2
Health Policy and Administration, School of Public Health, Universitas Indonesia
3
National Social Security Council, Republic of Indonesia
*Corresponding author’s email: citra_drg@yahoo.com
ABSTRACT
Background: Indonesia commits to ensure health care access for all population through the National
Health Insurance (JKN) managed by the BPJS Health. By February 2018, the JKN covered 193 million
people (73% of the total population). To ensure health delivery, 2,104 public and private hospitals are
contracted by the BPJS and prospective payment using Case-mix Based Group (CBG) that changes
hospital managements. Hospitals become more dependent on payments by BPJS. Delay in claim
payment will have serious impact on hospital managements. This study aims to identify current
practices in timely payment to hospitals and finding factors correlate with delay in payments.
Methods: This study used trend analysis of the secondary claim data of BPJS with the total sample of
57,475 bundles of claims. Total claim population was used in this study. In addition, qualitative study
via in-depth interview with six informants consisting of members of National Social Security Council,
hospital director of three different classes, and BPJS.
Results: This study found 60% of claims were paid within one month (N-1) of claim submission, below
the target of 100%. There were tendencies of delays in claim settlements since November 2017.
Informants believed that late payments were correlated with non-compliance of doctor to complete
medical records, incompetence coders, inadequate management information system, and financial
condition of BPJS. There were three main problems faced by hospitals as a result of delay in payments:
1) disturbed drug availability, 2) decreased performance of doctors, 3) poorer maintenance of medical
equipment.
Conclusion: Delayed in claim payments were occurred and led to a threat of decreasing quality of care
to patients. The study suggests the government should fix the problems to protect patients from
decreasing quality of care. Hospitals should provide reserve funds to protect them from financial
hardship when delays occur.
Keywords: Claim management, hospital cash flow, national health insurance
18
(No. 3, 2018)
ICASH-A19
FIVE M’s IN MANAGEMENT (MEN, MONEY, MATERIALS,

MACHINES, METHOD) THAT SUPPORT THE PERFORMANCE
IMPROVEMENT OF INPATIENT UNIT “ORCHID PAVILION” IN
RUMAH SAKIT ANGKATAN LAUT (NAVY HOSPITAL)
DR. MINTOHARDJO
Fidela Eniraisa*, Budi Hidayat
Faculty of Public Health,University of Indonesia, Indonesia
*Corresponding author’s email: fidela_tarigan@yahoo.co.id
ABSTRACT
Background:. The increasing number of hospitals built by both private and government parties to make
patients can choose the hospital they want, so that will lead to increased competition between hospitals.
It requires a hospital to be ready to compete and be more creative in developing its services. One of the
most important elements in a hospital is the management department who play an active role. This study
aims to explain the relationship between the five M’s of management with the performance improvement
of an inpatient unit ”Orchid Pavilion”. So the other hospital with a low performance may be more
concerned with the five management factors at the hospital and this study can be a good example which
can be applied by other hospitals.
Methods: This research was conducted at inpatient unit “Orchid Pavilion”Rumah Sakit Angkatan Laut
(Navy Hospital) Dr. Mintohardjo. The research was conducted by qualitative method, that is to conduct
in-depth interview with Head of Orchid Pavilion and Deputy Head of Orchid Pavilion, and study data
obtained from Medical Administration Department Rumah Sakit Angkatan Laut (Navy Hospital) Dr.
Mintohardjo.
Results: The results show that there has been an improvement of performance in inpatient unit “Orchid
Pavilion” and many improvement on the five M’s in management (Men, Money, Materials, Machines,
and Method) resulting in significant increase of Bed Occupancy Ratio value in the room.
Conclusions: Improvements in five M’s in management greatly affect the improvement of performance
in inpatient unit “Orchid Pavilion” Rumah Sakit Angkatan Laut (Navy Hospital) Dr. Mintohardjo. The
five M’s in management (Men, Money, Materials, Machines, and Method) have a strong role in
improving the performance of inpatient unit “Orchid Pavilion”.
Keywords: Performance analysis, hospitalization, management
19
(No. 3, 2018)
ICASH-A20
EVALUATION OF THE MOTHER AND CHILD HEALTH (MCH)

HANDBOOK: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Wike Pratiastuti*, Ahmad Syafiq
Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat, Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia
*Corresponding author’s e-mail: wike_pratiastuti@yahoo.com
ABSTRACT
Background: Maternal and Child Health (MCH) handbook is a home-based health record for both
mother and child. The handbook can be used to monitor the health of women and her child, to give
record in the utilization of health services, promote maternal health education, and provide information
when either mother or child is referred. Several countries adopted the MCH handbook as a tool to
promote better health knowledge and health service seeking behavior among women, and numerous
countries have succeeded in applying it. Therefore a strategy is needed to improve the effectiveness and
efficiency of the MCH handbook with strong evidence. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness and
efficiency the implementation of the recording, information and education usefulness of the MCH
handbook.
Methods: Using systematic review method, the literature review using PICOS was employed 3 articles
with PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses) approach by
taking sources from online database: Proquest, Jstor, Pubmed, EBSCO, Science Direct and Scopus.
Results: Previous studies from three (3) countries stated that the contents of the MCH handbook were
complete which included the ANC (antenatal care) record, delivery, PNC (post-natal care), child
development, notification of birth, an educational message to raise the demand and awareness of
healthy behavior of women in pregnancy and motherhood and improve their essential service
utilization. For use of the MCH handbook in 3 countries it is known that almost are used to record all
health and treatments consultations during pregnancy, delivery, after delivery and during infant care,
including immunization and growth monitoring (birth weight is accurate data to monitor stunting in
children under 5 years), maternal and neonatal death surveillance and response records. In Burundi,
it is also used in birth registration procedures.
Conclusions: The MCH handbook is an effective health education tool for women with less education,
a reliable source of information for primiparous women, delivery, and childcare; and an effective aid
for health communication between women and health providers, and their husbands.
Keywords: Maternal and Child Health Book, Usage, Effectiveness, Function
20
(No. 3, 2018)
ICASH-A21
PERCEIVED INSUFFICIENT MILK (PIM) AMONG MOTHERS OF 0-6

MONTHS INFANTS IN CIPAYUNG HEALTH CENTRE, DEPOK
Stella Maris Bakara*, Sandra Fikawati
Faculty of Public Health, University of Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia
*Corresponding author’s email: stellabakara33@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Background: Exclusive breastfeeding is breast milk given to infant since their birth to the age
of 6 (six) months, without adding and/or replacing with other foods or beverages (except
medicines, vitamins, and minerals). One of the factors that affect the exclusive breastfeeding
was the perceptions of insufficient milk. Milk insufficiency is considered to happen when the
mother stops breastfeeding exclusively with some reasons such as no breast milk, low milk
supply, or insufficient milk. This research was to examine more deeply the perception of
insufficient milk and factor influencing it.
Methods: This was a qualitative study that used a primary data of study "Intervention of
Breastfeeding Enhancement and Weaning Food in the Implementation of the First-1000-Days-
of-Life Program". Informants selected through who has been intervened research by PKGK.
Triangulation of data sources was a midwife, informants’ husbands, documents of mother and
child health books (MCH) and secondary data from PKGK research.
Results: Based on the result from the interview: a) there was found a tendency of knowledge
increase on mothers receiving treatment. b) Mostly, the lactation guidance was given without
supporting device. c) Mother perception about their will gained weight if giving the sufficient
milk has not been in line with Body Mass Index (BMI) before pregnancy. d). Family support
towards mothers breastfeeding has not been provided optimally. e) Early breast-feeding (EBF)
was not complete in accordance with the standard.
Conclusions: Mothers who had not received treatment were having lack of knowledge on
exclusive breastfeeding. Implementation of EBF was not in line with the procedure. The role of
a delivery helper on EBF is vital in order to make the implementation of the EBF carried out
according to the procedure.
Keywords: Exclusive Breastfeeding, Perception of Insufficient Milk, Early Breastfeeding
21
(No. 3, 2018)
ICASH-A22
VENTILATOR ASSOCIATED PNEUMONIA INFECTION CONTROL

PROGRAM: THE IMPLEMENTATION OF VAP BUNDLE IN
INTENSIVE CARE UNIT (ICU) OF EKA HOSPITAL PEKANBARU
Erna Maria*, Vetty Yulianty Permanasari
Master’s Program of Hospital Administration, Faculty of Public Health,Universitas Indonesia
*Corresponding author’s e-mail: dr3rna@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Background: Nosocomial infections or known as Hospital Acquired Infections (HAIs) is a worldwide

problem. VAP is nosocomial pneumonia which occurs more than 48 hours after installation of
mechanical ventilation, either through an endotracheal tube or tracheostomy. The patient in ICU have
high risk on VAP infection and increasing morbidity, mortality and also prolonged length of hospital
stay
Methods: This research is an observational study evaluating conditions before and after a specific
standard operating procedure being implemented in reducing VAP infection in ICU EKA Hospital
Pekanbaru.
Results: It’s obtained from medical record data of 339 patients hospitalized at ICU of Eka Hospital
Pekanbaru ranging from 2016 to 2017. There is significant decrease number of VAP infections in 2017
by 60%. The reduction occurred due to the application of a routine VAP Bundle covering 100% for all
hospitalized ICU patients.
Conclusions: Strict monitoring and supervision are required to maintain VAP bundle and reduce the
incidence of VAP infection in ICU of Eka Hospital Pekanbaru.
Keywords: Application of VAP Bundle, Nosocomial Infection, Infection Control
22
(No. 3, 2018)
ICASH-A23
DELAY OF ELECTIVE OPERATIONS IN AWAL BROS PANAM
PEKANBARU HOSPITAL JANUARI-APRIL 2018
Muhammad Eriex Fornando Suka*, Adik Wibowo
*Corresponding author’s e-mail: dr.eriexsuka@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Background: Competition between hospitals is increasing, for thathospital should maintain the quality
of service and patient satisfaction. Hospitals should have innovation targets for cost effectiveness and
productivity without compromising patient safety and quality of care. Operation delays are one barrier
to optimal patient flow, increasing patient anxiety, affecting interprofessional teamwork across the
medical discipline and ultimately putting patients at risk of safety.
Methods: This research is descriptive research with a quantitative approach, data obtained from the
surgery room register and interview which then grouped and analyzed.
Results: There was an elective delay in surgery of 38%, with the highest cause being the staffing factor
of 81%, the highest percentage of delays was plastic surgery 61% of total surgery performed, The
highest number of delays occurred in Urology that is 213 cases.
Conclusions: To reduce the delay required clear rules in the event of delays and rules of payment
based on performance services, which is timeliness of attendance elective operation schedule is one of
the assessment tools, and scheduling operations outside the time outpatient service.
Keywords: Delayed, operation theater, caused, elective operation
23
(No. 3, 2018)
ICASH-A24
DETERMINANTS OF TRADITIONAL, COMPLEMENTARY, AND

ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE (TCAM) CHOICES : A SYSTEMATIC
REVIEW
Zainal Abidin*, Prastuti Soewondo
Department of Public Health Sciences, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia
*Corresponding author’s e-mail: dokter.zein99@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Background: Traditional, complementary, and alternative medicine (TCAM) is one of the treatment
methods that have existed for a long time. The use of TCAM as treatment is increasing in many
countries. Extensively, TCAM is used to treat various diseases, especially patients with two or more
chronic diseases. TCAM as treatment is chosen by the community based on their HBM (Health Belief
Model). This study aims to look at the reasons patients choose to seek treatment at TCAM.
Methods: Systematic review with journal tracking through 3 database source, ProQuest, Scopus and
Springer Link. We use the keywords “determinants” AND “traditional, complementary, and alternative
medicine” for journals published in the last five years. Then we conduct critical appraisal of the
selected journals.
Results: From the five selected studies , we found that health satisfaction variables are the strongest
reason in TCAM choice as treatment. They visit health modalities to improve their well-being or health
status. Some believe and agree that TM is more safety, more convenient, more effective, cheaper, and
easier to use. The use of TCAM is related to patient satisfaction, TCAM knowledge, outsides influence,
positive perception, higher education, and more than 1 chronic illness. All these factors explain the
model of peoples belief to health services.
Conclusions: Patient satisfaction was strongly predictor of TCAM choices. Their well-being have
perceived more better after using TCAM services. The socio-demographic and socioeconomic variables
are modifying factors that doesn’t always influence patient decision. All these determinants enrich the
HBM theory as follows patient satisfaction, patient knowledge, socio-demographic, socioeconomic, and
distrust as barrier.
Keywords: Traditional, complementary, and Alternative Medicine (TCAM); choice; health.
24
(No. 3, 2018)
ICASH-A25
FACTORS AFFECTING NURSE TURNOVER IN HOSPITAL:

A LITERATURE REVIEW
Luvi Christiani*, Jaslis Ilyas
Master of Hospital Administration Study Program, Faculty of Public Health, University of Indonesia
*Corresponding author’s e-mail: loopychen@yahoo.com
ABSTRACT
Background: A turnover occurrence in the hospital was a constant problem. The cause of turnover was
largely inclined to the level of job satisfaction, hostile work environment, excessive workload, resulting
in a lack of motivation to stay.
Methods: This study was conducted in a narrative review by looking at the factors causing turnover at
various hospitals. The review was done by searching for articles and journals related to factors that
lead to nurse turnover in the hospital. The referral journals are published in the accredited journal
publications. The literature investigation was conducted in October-December 2017 through
Universitas Indonesia online library and Google Scholar. Journals were selected based on predefined
criteria and carried out a critical appraisal process.
Results: The results of the journal investigation showed that some factors that support the nurse
turnover in the hospital were the poor work environment, job dissatisfaction, excessive workload, the
poor relationship between nurse and manager, lack of self-appreciation, burnout and low social
support.
Conclusions: The suggestion that can be given is to improve the work environment that is emphasized
through policies to maintain the nurse in the workplace.
Keywords: Turnover in healthcare, nurse turnover, hospital
25
(No. 3, 2018)
ICASH-A26
THE INCIDENCE OF PHLEBITIS AMONG INPATIENT IN THE

HOSPITAL: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Muchamad*, Mieke Savitri
*Corresponding authors’ email: muchamad.101282@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Background: Plebitis causes increase in medical cost and decreasing motivation in health workers and
patients. One of the important issues in phlebitis can be found in the treatment process and has a great
risk for the occurrence of a complication that can cause thrombus which subsequently becomes
thrombophlebitis, causing the need to increase infuse therapy
Methods: Eligible studies for this systematic review constitute results that summarize influence factors
related causes plebitis. We systematically searched ProQuest, Springer, Google Scholar from 7 days
on 23-30 April 2018 for eligible systematic reviews with language limitation in English and Indonesian.
Results: The literature search and screening process resulted in 21 full text articles. We found all 21
studies results proved influence factors that can cause plebitis and can be categorizes to 4 major factor
which are: procedure and techniques,place and position,people,and types of fluids and medicines
factors.
Influence factors that mostly cause plebitis occurring in the 7 countries are from procedures and
techniques, and people factors. Many are caused by violation the procedures and low soft skill in health
workers.
Conclusions: Plebitis incidence has become major issue in nosocomial infection at the hospital many
countries. There should be new policy for monitoring and evaluation, supervision, documentation,
analysis in plebitis sign with patient condition, increased competence knowledge and soft skill from of
health workers, fluid analysis and medicines, and nurse compliance for implementation of procedures
and protocol. Plebitis is of particular concern because it can hurt many sectors ranging from patient,
hospital, government and countries. It can cause increased length of hospital stay, increased medical
cost and decreased motivation of work.
Keywords: Determinan Factors, Plebitis, Nurses, Hospital
26
(No. 3, 2018)
ICASH-A27
THE EFFECTS OF SECTION CAESAREA TO EARLY
BREASTFEEDING INITIATION: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Nur Annisa Fauziyah*, Helda
Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia
*Corresponding author’s e-mail: nurannisafauziyah17@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Background: The early breastfeeding initiation is one of the crusial process for successful in exclusive
breastfeeding, unfortunately based on UNICEF, globally only 45% of newborns were put to the breast
within the first hours of life. The other condition, nowdays caesarean sections have become increasingly
common in both developed and developing countries, research showed that mothers who delivered their
baby section caesarea have a higher percentage failure of early breastfeeding initiation than mother
with vaginal delivery, from that condition his research aims to analyze effects section caesarea to early
breastfeeding initiation.
Methods: This study used systematic review based on the Prisma (Preferred Reporting Items For
Systematic Reviews & Meta-Analyses) Protocol to identify all the published literature using relevant
keywords. The initial screening was conducted by human population, the year of publication (5 years)
and free full text, then reading the titles, abstracts than assessed for eligibility founded 6 articles, those
studies included in this review after selected using inclusion and exclusion criteria. Inclusion are
journal from rearch reported in english, has no accompanying disease or health problem as cardiac
disease, cancer, herpes, HIV/AIDS, obesity ect. The baby is normal, baby can drink orally. Exclusion:
the articles published less than 2013, after sectio caesarea mother and infant require special therapy.
Results: The studies showed there were effects of section caesarea to early breastfeeding initiation, the
mothers who birth their babies with caesarea most of them failure to initiate early breastfeeding.
Conclusions: The way to Improve the rates of early breastfeeding initiation with giving antenatal
breastfeeding education to all mothers especially who known to be having a cesarean section and health
care professionals must support. All of the hospitals must apply baby friendly hospital initiative to
support success of early breastfeeding initiation
Keywords: Ceasarea delivery, breastfeeding initiation
27
(No. 3, 2018)
ICASH-A28
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF LEAN STRATEGY TO ALLEVIATE

OVERCROWDING IN EMERGENCY ROOM: NARRATIVE REVIEW
Yani Oryza 1,*, Jaslis Ilyas 2
1
2
Department of Health Policy and Administration, Faculty of Public Health, University of Indonesia
*Corresponding authors’ e-mail: iyani0183@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Background: Emergency Room (ER) of hospital worldwide undergoes significantly challenging

problems; overcrowding patient leads to block the access, causes discomfort and increases demands to
be served by medical personnel immediately. To overcome these problems, the ER needs to implement
lean strategies. This study presents a narrative review aimed to identify whether there is a positive
impact of the lean implementations in overcoming the overcrowded ER or not.
Methods: This narrative review explores the current literature from an online database and highlights
the lean strategies adopted by several ER to reduce overcrowding and delaying and to streamline
patient flow. Literatures without data on waiting time, length of stay (LOS), and untreated patients
leaving the ER, will be excluded from this review. The types of intervention were grouped into team
triage, streaming, fast track, point-of-care test (POCT), and nurse-requested x-ray.
Results: The evidence of lean intervention is beneficial in reducing patients’ waiting time and length
of stay (LOS). Fast track reduces the length of waiting time, LOS, and the number of untreated patients
by physician. Team triage consisting of appointed doctors and nurses also has a positive impact on
shortening the waiting time. There is not enough evidence to suggest that streaming, POCT early in
arrival, and x-rays by nurses can reduce waiting times and LOS.
Conclusions: The implementations of lean strategy have a positive impact in shortening the waiting
time and LOS, and help speed up the patients’ flow and access to other supporting units.
Keywords: Emergency Room, overcrowding, implementation of lean strategy
28
(No. 3, 2018)
ICASH-A29
STAFFING NEEDS ANALYSIS IN THE PHARMACY UNIT OF SANTA

MARIA HOSPITAL PEKANBARU 2017
Monika Noviena Susanto*, Vetty Yuliaty Permanasari
Postgraduate Program of Hospital Administration, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Indonesia
*Corresponding authors’ e-mail: monikansusanto@yahoo.co.id
ABSTRACT
Background: Several previous studies have calculated the workload and the needs of human resources
in the pharmacy unit and found that the availability of human resources is still not in accordance with
the workload undertaken. This study aims to analyse the workload and human resource requirement in
Pharmacy Installation of Santa Maria Hospital Pekanbaru 2017
Methods: This research is descriptive research conducted at Hospital Santa Maria Pekanbaru from
January until December 2017. Subject of the research included pharmacist laboratory and
pharmaceutical technical personnel (pharmacist assistant). Data collection was done by in-depth
interview with key informants and from hospital staffing documents and hospital pharmacy installation
documents.
Results: Total requirement of pharmaceutical work force during effective day is 40 persons, while
requirement during holiday accounted for 21 persons and make it totally 61 persons.
Conclusions: With The current number of employee of 54 people, the hospital required an additional
seven person to cope with the workload at the Pharmacy unit of Santa Maria Hospital.
Keywords: Workload, workload analysis, pharmacy installation, hospital, formula ilyas
29
(No. 3, 2018)
ICASH-A30
THE CORRELATION BETWEEN COMMUNITY BEHAVIOR IN

CONTROLLING MOSQUITO HABITAT AND THE EXISTENCE OF
LARVA AEDES AEGYPTI IN DWIKORA, MEDAN HELVETIA
DISTRICT
Yenni Gustiani Tarigan1*, Ahadi Kurniawan2, Siti Hartati1
1
Study Program of Public Health, Sari Mutiara Indonesia University, Kapten Muslim Street No. 79,
Sei Sikambing, Medan, 20123
2
Entomology & Parasitology Laboratory, Environment Health Office & DC, Medan
*Corresponding author: yenni@sari-mutiara.ac.id, yennigangustiani@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Background: Larva free index of Dwikora, Medan Helvetia District, in 2016 was still far below the
national standard. The high number of mosquito population density will affect the distribution of dengue
hemorrhagic fever (DHF). The study was to determine the relationship of community behavior in
controlling the mosquito habitat with the presence of Aedes aegypti larvae in Dwikora.
Methods: This research was an analytical survey with a cross-sectional design. Out of 452 household
residences at the study site, the male heads or patriarchs of 82 households were selected by a purposive
sampling technique. The data was then collected using an observation sheet and a set of standardized
questionnaire. Univariate and bivariate tests were performed for data analysis.
Results: The results showed that out of the 82 households, 44 households have been noticed with less
action in mosquito habitat control. The study also found that among the participated family, 48
households had a positive attitude, and only 38 households had good knowledge. By a chi-square test,
it was found that there was a significant correlation between the household action with the presence of
Aedes aegypti larvea at the study site (p value = 0.01)
Conclusion: The results may indicate that the communities in Dwikora had less control over the
existence of Aedes aegypti larvae at their houses. Therefore, it is suggested for the households to pay
more attention on house cleanliness, to always use closed buckets, apply abate to stagnant water and
eradicate mosquito habitats periodically in order to avoid the occurrence of transmission of dengue
hemorrhagic fever (DHF).
Keywords: Behavior, mosquito habitat control, larva Aedes aegypti
30
(No. 3, 2018)
ICASH-A31
FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH QUALITY OF LIFE AMONG FINAL-

YEAR STUDENTS BY USING PRECEDE MODEL IN SARI MUTIARA
INDONESIA UNIVERSITY, INDONESIA
Hana Ike Dameria Purba1*, Mondha Kengganpanich2, Sarunya Benjakul2
1
Study Program of Public Health, Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Science, Sari Mutiara
Indonesia University
2
Department of Education and Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol
University, 420/1 Rajvithi Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
*Corresponding Author’s email: hanapurba29@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Quality of life (QoL) of university students is the important aspect to create the next
leader in the future, as a benefit for develop strong human resources, and to improve the quality of
generation in many aspects such as health, economics, and education.
Therefore it is important to understand the factors involved in improving QoL of university students.
This study intends to explore QoL among the final-year students both three and four-year program in
the University by applying PRECEDE model (Predisposing factors, reinforcing factors, enabling
factors).
Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted to assess QoL of the final-year students and factors
related to their QoL. A total sample size of 171 final-year students was drawn using a proportional
sampling and probability proportional to size (PPS) for program selection and selected samples from
each study program by accidental technique. Data was then collected using a self-administered
questionnaire where WHOQOL-BREF was used to measure the QoL. Data was theb analyzed by
Spearman Rank Test, independent t-test, one-way ANOVA test, and Kruskal Wallis test.
Results: The overall of QoL of the final-year students was moderated (59.6%). It found that there was
a significant association between availability of selling cigarettes around the university and QoL
(p=0.019) and ease to buy cigarette and QoL (p= 0.038).
Conclusions: Enabling factors particularly had direct impacts on QoL of the final-year students. By
providing regulation related smoking to the students, teachers and staff, giving moral responsibility to
lecturers, and controlling the selling of cigarettes around the university would help increase the QoL
of the final-year students.
Keywords: PRECEDE model, Quality of life, QoL, final-year students
31
(No. 3, 2018)
ICASH-A32
THE COGNITIVE SCREENING IN CHILDREN UNDER FIVE YEARS
OLD IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES:
A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW
Siti Aisah*, Kemal Nazarudin Siregar
Reproduction Health Department, Faculty of Public Health, University of Indonesia
*Corresponding author’s e-mail: siti.aisah72@ui.ac.id
ABSTRACT
Background: Stunting or being too short affects one-third of children under five years old in developing
countries. Stunting has long-term effects on cognitive development, school performance and economic
productivity in adulthood. Early detection of cognitive impairment caused by stunting offers rapid
strategies for reducing stunting by examine the consequence on cognitive development. Reliable
assessment tools are necessary to properly track cognitive development caused by stunting. This study
identifies that the use of appropriate cognitive assessment tools assists in early detection of the impact
of stunting in children under five years old in developing countries.
Methods: Systematic literature review using PRISMA-P guidelines were applied for this study. Studies
were identified from 4 electronic sources (Scopus, Science Direct, EBSCO and Google Scholar) from
2015 to 2018 using relevant keywords. All studies were conducted on children under five years old in
developing countries. The used studies for this review are limited to full-text in English and Bahasa
Indonesia. Studies conducted from 19 April to 11 May 2018.
Results: From 492 studies that have been extracted, there are 10 studies reported the cognitive
impairment assessment tools for under five years old children used in developing countries. The
satisfying assessment tools in eligibility criteria are Bayley Scales of Infant Development (BSID III),
the Indonesian child development pre-screening questionnaire (Kuesioner Pra-Skrining
Perkembangan/KPSP ) and Denver Developmental Screening Test (DDST II). They appear promising
to be used in identifying and monitoring cognitive development of children in developing countries.
Conclusions: In the context of stunting in children under five years old, rapid assessment of cognitive
ability is feasible for routine clinical use. The BSID III, KPSP and DDST II are the most common used
in developing countries and they have moderately good accuracy to detect the cognitive impairment.
Keywords: Cognitive, Denver developmental screening test, child development pre-screening

questionnaire, stunting, toddler
32
(No. 3, 2018)
ICASH-A33
THE ROLE OF CLINICAL PATHWAY IN IMPROVING HOSPITALS

COST EFFICIENCY
Taufiqurrahman*, Mardiati Nadjib
*Corresponding author’s email: taufiq115@yahoo.com
ABSTRACT
Background: Clinical Pathway (CP) is a method of clinical documentation that reflects clinical
practice standards for physicians, nurses and other members of healthcare team. Clinical pathways are
collaborative guidelines for treating patients focused on diagnosis, clinical problems and stages of
care. The advantage is any intervention given and the development of the patient recorded
systematically based on the time criteria set and is expected to improve the quality of service and to
lower hospital costs. The aim of this narrative review is to assess the role of CP in improving the
efficiency of hospital costs.
Methods: Narrative review was performed by analyzing the scientific articles obtained through
Electronic Library provided by the University of Indonesia through online database list and chooses
Science Direct as a search. The keywords used in the search were "Clinical Pathway and Hospital
Cost". Search strategy was conducted by searching for articles related to CP role on hospital cost
efficiency. Articles were selected using inclusion criteria and through several stages.
Results: Acquired as many as 1.324 articles conducted search through Science Direct. From the results
of the screening finally 4 scientific articles were chosen relevant to the topic of writing and the criteria
of inclusion or exclusion. After the analysis, it was found that the use of CP in the management of
patients can lower hospital costs.
Conclusions: Implementation of clinical pathway for the management of patients in hospital can
improve hospital cost efficiency.
Keywords: clinical pathway, efficiency, hospital cost
33
(No. 3, 2018)
ICASH-A34
ELECTRONIC CIGARETTE USE AMONG ADOLESCENTS:

A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Edi Junaidi*, Budi Hidayat
Public Health Sciences Program, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia
*Corresponding author’s e-mail: edi.junaidi@ui.ac.id
ABSTRACT
Background: The innovation of the cigarettes industry leads to evolved into an electric cigarette. US
General Surgeon in 2016 reports that 13.5% of junior high school students, 37.7% of high school
students and 35.8% of young adolescents in America have used electric cigarettes. This study aims to
identify the use of electric cigarette among adolescent
Methods: This study utilized systematic reviews using PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for
Systematic Reviews & Meta-Analyzes) to identify all published literature using relevant keywords. The
selection process is based on the literature of which the population is human, published in the last 5
years, and there is a complete text form, then selected back by title and abstract. The journal used is
the selected journal based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Results: Electric cigarettes are used by adolescents influence through social media or commercial
advertisement. One type of electric cigarette that is widely used is the Electronic Vapor Product (EVP)
that can easily to obtain from retail stores, kiosks, malls, and the internet. Electric cigarette users were
led to increasing the symptoms of bronchitis and asthma in adolescents.
Conclusions: The use of electric cigarettes in adolescents has increased mainly among male
adolescents. The current study revealed the use of electronic cigarette was influenced by the several
factors: lifestyle, electric cigarette prices, and the teenager’s pocket money. Therefore, serious efforts
needed to control the factors that affected the teenage users of electric cigarette. Campaign on ruthless
effects of the electric cigarette among adolescents should be implemented in the school, furthermore in
several places related to teenagers.
Keywords: Use, Electric Cigarette, Adolescent
34
(No. 3, 2018)
ICASH-A35
THE ASSOCIATION OF UNINTENDED PREGNANCY WITH
STUNTING ON CHILDREN UNDER FIVE YEARS OLD: A
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Annisa Lidra Maribeth*, Ahmad Syafiq
Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia
*Corresponding author’s e-mail: annisalidramaribeth@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Introduction: One of the complex causes of stunting is an unintended pregnancy. Children from
unintended pregnancies are at greater risk for stunting than children born from intended pregnancies.
This study aims to analyze the association of intended pregnancies with stunting events in children
under 5 years old.
Methods: This systematic review used PRISMA-P protocol (Preferred Reporting Items for Systemic
Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols) in 2009. Studies were collected through search in the source data
Scopus, Google Scholar, PubMed from January 2015 through May 2018. Keywords search used PICO-
S (Population Intervention Compare Outcome-Study design) technique. 124 studies were found and five
studies were included in this study.
Results: From the 5 studies reviewed, it was found that unintended pregnancies can be the cause of
stunting in the range 1.25 to 2.19 times higher than the intended pregnancy.
Conclusion: We found a significant relationship between unintended pregnancies among 5 countries
(Bangladesh, Nepal, India, Northern Malawi, and Indonesia) with stunting in children under 5 years’
old.
Keywords: Stunting, unintended pregnancy, unwanted pregnancy, children under five years old.
35
(No. 3, 2018)
ICASH-A36
THE STRATEGY TO IMPROVE THE QUALITY OF LIFE AMONG

HEROIN ADDICTS THROUGH METHADONE MAINTENANCE
THERAPY
Eka Yuliartiningsih*, Puput Oktamianti
*Corresponding author’s e-mail: eka.lutfi@yahoo.com
ABSTRACT
Background: Many cases of heroin abuse was the leading cause of death. Due to difficulties stop
addiction to heroin, many methods were used for the recovery process. The effective and approved
therapy method with a medical approach was transferal heroin with another substance program, which
was called methadone maintenance therapy. Methadone was chosen as the main substitution therapy
because it has a similar effect to heroin with lengthier bioavailability, so it could be prescribed once a
day. There are positive benefits that can make heroin addicts function normally with methadone
maintenance therapy, it will improve the quality of life people with heroin addicts.
Methods: This research used a narrative review method with data retrieval from Universitas Indonesia
online database such as PubMed and Springer Link. The research strategy has done by employed
several articles about life quality improvement of heroin addicts with methadone maintenance therapy
service, which already publish in Universitas Indonesia online database in December 2017. The chosen
articles were use, selected by inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria.
Results: From the reviewed the 5 published journal articles, revealed one of the benefits from
methadone maintenance therapy services is improving the life quality of heroin addicts.
Conclusions: Methadone maintenance therapy services could improve the life quality of heroin addicts.
Keywords: Heroin addicts, methadone maintenance therapy, life quality
36
(No. 3, 2018)
ICASH-A37
COST AND FINANCIAL ECONOMIC IMPACT IN CATHETER

ASSOCIATED URINARY TRACT INFECTION (CAUTI):
A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Fatimah Sarah 1,*, Oktaminati Puput2
1) Hospital Administration Department, Faculty of Public Health, University of Indonesia

2) Faculty of Public Health, University of Indonesia
*Corresponding authors email: sarahsan.sf@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Background: Catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI) was the first condition chosen for
nonpayment because of its anticipated effect on large numbers of hospitalizations. The risk of CAUTI
is mainly related to the duration of catheterization, occurring at a rate of 5% per day. This study is to
identify the cost and financial economic impact of intervention and prevention including an indication
of CAUTI, number of events, duration of urinary catheterization, length of stay, the cost for antibiotics
and hospitalization cost in catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) to reducing the rate and
hospital payment.
Methods: Systematic Review with PRISMA – P Protocol in 2009 method from a relevant database such
as PubMed and ProQuest search engine in 2007 until 2017. Total document selected by full text is 10
article.
Results: Based on literature search and screening article after using intervention and prevention
strategy for CAUTI in the USA, UK and Thailand have a good impact in the duration of urinary
catheterization, length of stay, the cost for antibiotic and hospitalization cost. Some article result that
the change in the rate of CAUTI was not significantly different before and after the policy and validity
in identifying CAUTI is limited.
Conclusions: Cost impact in catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI) can preventable by
reducing unnecessary urinary catheter use (appropriate indication), shortening catheter duration,
bladder bundles intervention, supervision, and evaluation of the implementation.
Keywords: Adults, inpatient, indwelling catheter urinary, prevention, intervention, cost and financial
economic impact.
37
(No. 3, 2018)
ICASH-A38
EFFECT OF TREE MARIGOLD (Tithonia diversifolia (HEMSL.) A.

GRAY) LEAVES INFUSION AND ETHANOL EXTRACT ON BLOOD
GLUCOSE LEVEL AND LIVER HISTOPATHOLOGY OF
STREPTOZOTOCIN-INDUCED MALE WISTAR RATS
Rachma Ayu Maulidiany*, Eni Suhaeni, Catur Setiya Sulistiyana,
Ariestya Indah Permata Sari
*Corresponding author email: rachma.ayu07@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Background: Common Indonesians often use alternative therapy for Diabetes Mellitus (DM) due to its
high prevalence. Tree marigold (Tithonia difersivolia (Hemsl.) A. Gray) leaves show its positive effect
in decreasing blood glucose level. Thus, it is important to analyze the negative effect of consuming the
proposing alternative including its toxicity level to vital organs. This study aims to observe the blood
glucose level and liver histopathology in streptozotocin-induced diabetic male rats treated by infusion
and ethanol extract of the tree marigold leaves.
Methods: Pretest and posttest with control group design experiment was conducted to analyze effect on
blood glucose level and posttest only with control group design was for determining liver
histopathology. Twenty-four male white rats (Wistar strain) were randomly divided into 4 groups:
normal control group (KN), positive control group (K+) treated with 0.45mg/kg of glibenclamid,
treatment group 1 (P1) treated by 100 mg/kg of tree marigold leaves ethanol extract, and treatment
group 2 (P2) treated by 1373 mg/kg of tree marigold leaves infusion. The rats at the groups of K+, P1,
and P2 were induced by streptozotocin to reach hyperglycemic state. Comparison of blood glucose level
effect between infusion and ethanol extract was analyzed by One-Way ANOVA continued by post-hoc
test, while comparison of liver histopathology effect was determined by Kruskal-Wallis continued by
Mann-Whitney test.
Results: Significant differences of blood glucose level decrease were found in all groups. Group P2
significantly decreased blood glucose level more than P1 (p=0.000) as much as 124.97 mg/dl and
101.46 mg/dl respectively. Significant differences of liver histopathology were obtained between KN vs
K(+), KN vs P2, K(+) vs P2, and P1 vs P2. Group P2 showed more severe of liver histopathology
changes than P1 (p=0.025).
Conclusion: Tree marigold leaves extract is more effective in lowering blood glucose level and has less
toxic effect to liver histopathology than its infusion.
Keywords: Tithonia difersivolia ( Hemsl.) A. Gray leaves, blood glucose, liver histopathology
38
(No. 3, 2018)
ICASH-A39
EFFECT OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND FAST FOOD

CONSUMPTION FREQUENCY ON OVERWEIGHT LEVEL AMONG
HIGH SCHOOL ADOLESCENT
Lita Harlianti *, Witri Pratiwi, Donny Nauphar, Eni Suhaeni
*Corresponding author email: litaharli@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Background: Obesity was believed to be one of the risk factors of degenerative diseases, such as
diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and coronary heart disease. Obesity occurred gradually that started
with overweight. Risk factors for overweight are lack of physical activity, and consumption of high
caloric fatty food which may cause accumulation of fats inside the body. This research aims to examine
the effect of physical activity and fast food consumption frequency on overweight level among high
school adolescent in Cirebon.
Methods: It was a cross-sectional study conducted among 262 high school students aged 15-17 years
using stratified random sampling.
Results: The result based on Spearman correlation test showed negative correlation between physical
activity and overweight level with p= 0,001 (p< 0,05) and correlation coefficient of -0,627. There was
positive correlation between consumption fast food frequency with overweight with p=0,037 (p=0,05)
and correlation coefficient of 0,423.
Conclusions: Physical activity and fast food consumption frequency have effects on overweight level in
high school adolescent in Cirebon.
Keywords: Physical activity, Fast food consumption, Overweight
39
(No. 3, 2018)
ICASH-A40
INHIBITORY EFFECT OF Sansevieria trifasciata L ON AERIAL

PATHOGENIC MICROFUNGI IN TUTORIAL ROOMS
Sharah Julia Andayani*, Amanah Amanah, Tissa Octavira Permatasari
*Corresponding author’s email: sharahjulia@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Background: Air pollutants in a room can be caused by several things, such as microorganisms in the
form of fungi. Fungi that dispersed in air with concentration>700 CFU/m3 can be categorized as air
pollution which could lead to many symptoms of various human diseases An effort that may improve
indoor air pollution is using anti pollutant plant such as Sansevieria trifasciata L. This study aims to
determine the effectiveness of Sansevieria trifasciata L on the concentration of aerial pathogenic
microfungi in the tutorial room in Faculty of Medicine Swadaya Gunung Jati University and identify
the aerial pathogenic microfungi species in the tutorial room.
Methods: This study was a quasi experimental research with pre and post-test group design. Eight
tutorial rooms with 4 repetitions were tested for species microfungi growth using Saburoud Dextrose
Agar (SDA) media in 32 petri discs. After 7 days of incubation, microfungi were identified and the colony
form unit (CFU) number was counted. The data was analyzed using paired T test.
Results: Ten aerial pathogenic microfungi growth were significantly (p = 0.000) inhibited by
Sansevieria trifasciata L demonstrated by CFU number reduction from 54.18 – 204.94 CFU/m3 to 16.48
– 44.75 CFU/m3.
Conclusions: Sansevieria trifasciata L effectively inhibited aerial pathogenic microfungi growth in
tutorial rooms.
Keywords: Sansevieria trifasciata L, Aerial pathogenic microfungi, Air in the room.
40
(No. 3, 2018)
ICASH-A41
DETERMINANTS OF EARLY MARRIAGE AND ITS IMPACT ON

MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH IN INDONESIA:
A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Sri Windiarti*, Besral
Faculty of Public Health Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia
*Corresponding author’s email: bidanwindy34@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Background: Early marriage is a formal or informal marriage that entered by individuals before the
age of 18. In Indonesia, the marriage age is legally regulated in the Marriage Law with age limit of 16
years for female. This phenomenon contributed to the high number of early marriages and its impacts
on maternal and child health. This study aims to examine the determinants of early marriage and its
impact on maternal and child health in Indonesia.
Methods: Journal articles were collected by searching in academic article database, such as Scopus,
Google Scholar, Pubmed from 2016 to 2018. Authors used the PRISMA-P protocol (Prefed Reporting
Items for Systematic review and Meta-Analysis Protocols) in 2009 as systematic writing guidelines.
Results: Determinants of early marriage in Indonesia were unwanted pregnancy, peer influence, parent
role, education level, knowledge of reproductive health, family economic status, culture, and media
exposure. There are some impact of early marriage on maternal and child health in Indonesia, including
low antenatal care, high rates of home birth, low postnatal care, low rates of family planning after
childbirth that lead into high risk of close pregnancies, hyperemesis gravidarum in pregnancy, anaemia,
low birth weight, and low exclusive breastfeeding rates.
Conclussions: Reviewing Indonesian marriage law is needed to reduce early marriage cases in
Indonesia. Improving quality of reproductive health services, improving women's education and
improving the economic status of the family is equally important to prevent early marriage and improve
maternal and child Health in Indonesia.
Keywords : Early Marriage, Determinants, Maternal and Child Health, Indonesia
41
(No. 3, 2018)
ICASH-A42
SUCROSE AND SWADDLING EFFECTIVELY REDUCE PAIN

RESPONSE ON NEONATAL BLOOD SPOT BY HEEL PRICK
Mega Hasanul Huda*, Rustina Yeni, Agustini Nur

1
Bunda Medical Health Services
2
Departement Pediatric Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, University of Indonesia
3
Departement Pediatric Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, University of Indonesia
*Corresponding author’s e-mail: megahasanulhuda@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Background: Pain stimulates distress emergence that potentially impairs the development and growth
on neonates. Heel prick brings about pain. This research aimed at observing the effectiveness of sucrose
and swaddling on pain response to neonates.
Methods: A clinical trial was designed by random under control using cross-over design. This study
involved 24 neonates (aged 28 days) which taken from population using a consecutive sampling
technique. Each subject was given two treatments of sucrose (24%) and swaddling, but the pain
responses were observed at different time during and after received the heel prick (1, 2, and 3 minutes).
Response of neonatal pain focused on face observation, oxygen saturation, and heart rate, but scored
by the experts using a set of observation sheets from Cries Neonatal Postoperative Pain Measurement
Tool (CNPPMT).
Results: During the heel prick, the average of pain response was found higher on sucrose group (2.67).
After a minute elapsed, the average of pain response on both groups was similar (1.96). After two and
three minutes elapsed, the average of pain response was found higher on swaddling group. Bivariate
results showed that there was no different average of the pain response on both groups during the heel
prick (p=0.925) and after the heel prick (one minute (p=0.915), two minutes (p= 0.942), and three
minutes (p=0.132)).
Conclusions: Research revealed that sucrose and swaddling equally effective in reducing pain response
on neonatal blood spot by heel prick. Swaddling could be carried out to reduce pain response on infants
when pricking applied.
Keywords: neonates, swaddling, heel prick, pain response, sucrose.
42
(No. 3, 2018)
ICASH-A43
ANALYSIS OF NUTRITIONAL CONTENT OF TORBANGUN
(Coleus amboinicus Lour) LEAF BISCUIT
Donal Nababan
Sari Mutiara Indonesia University
Corresponding author’s email: nababan_donal@yahoo.com
ABSTRACT
Background: One of the local food ingredients that can be utilized as a complementary food is a
torbangun leaf. Torbangun leaf is usually consumed in the form of torbangun leaf soup or served as
vegetables with main meal. Torbangun is rich in iron, vitamin C, energy, protein, fat that is very
beneficial for infant growth and is widely available in the market with cheap price. Torbangun
leaves, especially when made into powder, can be processed into a wide range of food products such
as biscuit, but needs several intervention trials to search its long shelf life with high energy density.
Methods: The purpose of this research is to study the formulation of torbangun leaf biscuit and to
analyze the nutrient content in meeting the nutritional requirements of child stunting aged 12-18
months. Organoleptic test was conducted with 5 point hedonic rating test. This study used Anova
test to see the mean difference in the assessment of leaf biscuits torbangun.
Results: With the addition of 10% (A), 20% (B), and 30% (C) torbangun leaf powder in every 100
gr biscuit, the organoleptic test showed that biscuit with 20% of torbangun flour had the highest
organoleptic score on taste, flavor, texture and color. The biscuit contents energy and protein
similar to the commercial fortified (PMT) biscuit with high content of iron and calcium. Compared
with the PMT biscuits, the torbangun leaf biscuit meets the energy criteria (at least 400 kcal/100gr)
but slightly having lower protein (less than 8gr/100gr). However iron content of torbangun biscuit
equals the upper range of the PMT biscuit (4-7.5 mf/100gr) and very high calcium content (almost
10 times higher than the PMT biscuit).
Consclusions: The selected biscuits with 20% torbangun leaf powder will be used in the following
intervention study promoting complementary food recommendation with fortified biscuits.
Keywords: Torbangun leaf, organoleptic test, biscuit.
43
(No. 3, 2018)
ICASH-A44
EFFECTIVENESS OF WILLIAM FLEXION EXERCISE TO

REDUCE PAIN INTENSITY ON LOW BACK PAIN (LBP) OF
WOODCARVERS IN BALI, INDONESIA
A.A Istri Dalem Hana Yundari*, Putu Puspita Wulandari Mas

Nursing Program of Wira Medika Bali College, Bali, Indonesia
*Corresponding author’s email: hanayundari@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Background: Previous study shown 8 of 10 woodcarver in Bali experience low back pain (LBP), a
clinical syndrome with major symptoms of pain or discomfort sense in the lower back area. A
William’s flexion exercise, an exercise program consisting of six kinds of movements, may decrease
the pain by decreasing the lumbar lordosis (flexion). This study is to evaluate the effect of William’s
Flexion Exercise in reducing pain intensity of LBP to woodcarvers in Bali, Indonesia.
Methods: This study employed a quasi-experimental design with pretest-posttest approach and
control group. Out of 42 woodcarvers in Mas Village, Gianyar, Bali, Indonesia, 20 sculptors were
selected by a purposive sampling technique, and then were distributed equally to control and
treatment group. Treatment group was given William’s Flexion Exercise 2 times every week for 4
weeks. Pain intensity was measured by pain scale; low pain (scale 1-3), moderate (4-6), and high
pain (7-10). Wilcoxon and Mann Whitney test were used for statistical analysis.
Results: The study found that William’s Flexion Exercise given to the woodcarvers significantly
reduce the pain intensity (p value = 0.000).
Conclusions: William’s flexion exercise is recommended to be given to the woodcarver to reduce
low back pain.
Keywords: Low Back Pain, Woodcarvers, Pain Intensity.
44
(No. 3, 2018)
ICASH-A45
FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH MATERNAL KNOWLEDGE ON

EXCLUSIVE BREASTFEEDING IN CIPAYUNG SUB-DISTRICT,
DEPOK CITY, INDONESIA
Alifani Faiz Faradhila*, Sandra Fikawati
Reproductive Health Department, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Indonesia
*Corresponding authors’ e-mail: alifani.faiz@ui.ac.id
ABSTRACT
Background: Exclusive breastfeeding practice during six-months could reduce morbidity and
mortality of mother and infant. This study aims to examine the sociodemographic characteristics as
the the factors associated with knowledge among six-months exclusively breastfeeding mothers in
Cipayung Sub-District, Depok City, Indonesia.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional collected from 122 mothers with six-months exclusively
breastfeeding. The participants selected through purposive sampling in Cipayung Sub-District in
year 2017.
Results: Only 80% mothers exclusively breastfeeding for six months. More than half mothers (59%)
had high educational level, advance and tertiary. Most of mothers (91%) were unemployed.
Approximately 22.1% mothers had high status of social economic. Eighty-two percent mothers who
have children more than one. Six-months exclusively breastfeeding mothers who had high
educational level were more likely has high knowledge than those with low educational level
(p=0.010; OR=2.85; CI95%=1.34-6.06). Mothers who had low educational level were 2.85 times
higher risk to have low maternal knowledge of exclusive breastfeeding compared with high
educational level.
Conclusions: Knowledge of exclusive breastfeeding among mothers was significantly associated to
educational level. Interventions emphasizing practical education should therefore be targeted at
addressing factors that associated knowledge of exclusive breastfeeding.
Keywords: maternal knowledge, breastfeeding, exclusive, Indonesia
45
(No. 3, 2018)
ICASH-A46
ANALYSIS OF FACTORS AFFECTING THE PERFORMANCE

OF NURSE IN MUFID ACEH GENERAL HOSPITAL
Putri Ilham Sari, Adang Bachtiar
Master Programme of Hospital Administration, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Indonesia
Corresponding authors’ e-mail: aqoenie85@gmail.com, adang@post.harvard.edu
ABSTRACT
Background: To improve the human resources of the hospital, one of nurses to ensure the hospital
service is well organized, the hospital management must have good strategy management.This
research was conducted at Mufid Aceh General Hospital to get an overview of the factors that affect
the performance of nurses at Mufid Aceh General Hospital.
Methods: It was a qualitative research focused on employment documents, income documents,
monthly staff satisfaction, monthly performance results nursing, patient satisfaction in Mufid Aceh
General Hospital.
Results: Internal factors that affect the low performance of nurses at Mufid Aceh General Hospital
are satisfaction, work-related stress factors, short working period and low work motivation. While
External factors that affect the low performance of nurses is work load factor.
Conclusions: Based on the result of this research, it is suggested to Mufid Aceh General Hospital
to planning of nurse requirement well, to make policy about income, to make job description and
authority in accordance with competence of nurse staff and creating a retention program.
Keywords: Nurse, performance, internal factors, hospital, analysis, external factors
46
(No. 3, 2018)
ICASH-A47
THE EFFECT OF CLINICAL PATHWAY TOWARD HOSPITAL’S

QUALITY AND COST IN “RSUS” HOSPITAL BANDAR LAMPUNG
Toki Himawati, Adang Bachtiar
Corresponding authors’ e-mail: aqoenie85@gmail.com, adang@post.harvard.edu
ABSTRACT
Background: One of the most appropriate policies to overcome the over budget is the quality control
of cost control, the instrument is a clinical pathway, so that the hospital can perform service
functions well and quality without experiencing financial loss. This research has a purpose to know
how far is clinical pathway can be good as a tool of quality control of cost control at “RSUS”
Hospital Bandar Lampung.
Methods: The research used a qualitative research involved 35 informants comprised of
shareholders, Board of Directors, Medical Committee, Provision of Care Services and Coder.
Results: The results showed that in general, the informants agreed with the implementation of the
clinical pathway because it can improve the quality of service, the certainty of procedures and can
overcome the budget.
Conclusion: RSUS Hospital has not fully use clinical pathway as a tool of quality control of cost
control, thus over budget remains with low quality of service
Keywords: Clinical Pathway, Quality and Cost Control
47
(No. 3, 2018)
ICASH-A48
INTEGRATED REHABILITATION PROGRAM FOR PERSONNEL

WITH DISABILITIES IN THE MINISTRY OF DEFENSE AND
INDONESIAN NATIONAL ARMED FORCES
Ari Wijayanti1*, Puput Oktaminanti1
Corresponding author’s email: ariwijayanti79@gmail.com, oktamianti@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Background: In carrying out their main duties, soldiers are often confronted with risks that can
cause them to have disabilities either when carrying out operational tasks or having accident in the
service. Efforts to improve the life of persons with disabilities are empowered through integrated
rehabilitation process for Personnel of The Ministry of Defense of the Republic of Indonesia and
Indonesian National Armed Forces with disabilities. This research was aimed to describe and
analyzing the integrated rehabilitation on persons with disabilities at the Ministry of Defense
Rehabilitation Center, and describing the factors that support and inhibit the implementation of
integrated rehabilitation.
Methods: This research was a descriptive qualitative research with an in-depth interview as
instrument to obtain data from informants who were the participants of integrated
rehabilitation.With Triangulation the source was the instructor and the rehabilitation organizer.
Results: Based on the results of interview analysis conducted, the researchers also have identified
several supporting factors and inhibiting factors on the implementation of integrated rehabilitation
program. The inhibiting factors are Resources: the limited number of instructors (human resources)
that have sufficient competence and the lack of facilities for the accessibility of persons with
disabilities this will hinder the implementation of rehabilitation. From the results of research
indicates that communication, disposition and bureaucratic structure is a supporting factor in the
implementation of integrated rehabilitation.
Conclusions: Implementation of integrated rehabilitation has been running well although there are
still inhibiting factors. Therefore, the Ministry of Defense Rehabilitation Center should continue to
strive to become professional rehabilitator in order to create self-sufficient and productive persons
with disabilities so as to improve their welfare.
Keywords: Rehabilitation, persons with disabilities, Ministry of Defense
48
(No. 3, 2018)
ICASH-A49
ANALYSIS IMPLEMENTATION OF BACK REFERRAL PROGRAM

DIABETES MELLITUS AND HYPERTENSION
IN HOSPITAL X, JAKARTA
Riza Ambari 1,*, Mieke Savitri 2

1
2
Faculty of Public Health,Universitas Indonesia
*Corresponding authors’s email : riza_ambari23@yahoo.com
ABSTRACT
Background: Since morbidity rate of Diabetes Mellitus and Hypertension in Indonesia increased,
the number of referral in hospital automatically high. National Health Insurance and hospital
burden also increase if the Back- Referral Program (BRP) has not been implemented yet. The impact
of the ineffectiveness of Back-Referral Program also felt by Hospital "X" in Jakarta. This study aims
to analyze the effectiveness implementation of Back-Referral Program (BRP) Diabetes Mellitus and
Hypertension in Hospital "X".
Methods: This research was conducted in Hospital "X" of East Jakarta by using Qualitative Method.
The informant are considered influential with Back-Referral Program (BRP) in Hospital "X" ,
consisting of Head of Medical Service Section, Internist Doctors, Nurses in internist station,
Diabetes mellitus and Hypertension patients in Hospital “X”, Doctor’s in first health facility
(FKTP) , BPJS pharmacy partner and Head of Health Services Primary Management Unit (MPKP)
BPJS East Jakarta.
Results: This study found an indication of medicine shortage in first health facility (FKTP). Lack of
communication and coordination between BPJS, Hospitals, FKTP and BPJS pharmacy partner, and
also less of monitoring and evaluation of Back-Referral Program (BRP) in hospital.
Conclusions: Since Back-Referral Program (BRP) has not been implemented yet in Hospital “X”
will induce long queue in internist station and caused the internist cannot examine and verify
patients with properly.
Keywords: Back-Referral Program, Diabetes Mellitus, Hypertension, Implementation,
49
(No. 3, 2018)
ICASH-A50
STROKE CARE: STROKE UNIT VERSUS NON STROKE UNIT:

A REVIEW ARTICLE
Widy Hartono1*, Ede Surya Darmawan2
1
Stroke Unit, Rumah Sakit Santa Maria, Jalan Ahmad Yani No 68, Pekanbaru, 28127, Indonesia
2
Hospital Administration Postgraduate Programme, Faculty of Public Health, University of
Indonesia
*Corresponding author’s e-mail: widyhartonomd@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Background: Stroke is one of the leading causes of death and long-term disability in adults. A
comprehensive and integrated stroke unit care plays an important role to reduce these burdens. This
paper aims to describe the difference in outcomes between stroke care in stroke units and non-stroke
units as information basis to encourage hospitals to establish this service.
Methods: This review is done based on research articles on stroke treatment outcomes in the stroke
unit. The literature search was conducted in December 2017 to May 2018 through University of
Indonesia's online library and Google Scholar. Five articles are selected based on predetermined
criteria. Articles that examined comparison of stroke treatment outcomes in stroke units with non-
stroke units were selected and analyzed.
Results: Many studies have shown that stroke treatment in the stroke unit provides better outcomes
compared to other non-stroke units. Treatment in the stroke unit improves survival and
independency, decreases mortality and disability and shortens length of stay in the hospital.
Conclusion: The stroke unit is an important part of stroke management because it provides
comprehensive and integrated services that resulting in better treatment outcomes. Stroke unit will
increase hospital credibility.
Keywords: stroke, unit stroke, treatment outcomes, performance
50
(No. 3, 2018)
ICASH-A51
FOODS CONTAINING FORMALIN AND CHLORINE

IN THE EAST SURABAYA AREA
Sherly Dwi Agustiningrum 1, Nita Kusuma Wardani 2, Neshia Nurindah Alifianti 2
1Departement of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya,

Indonesia
2
Departement of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya,
Indonesia
*Corresponding author’s e-mail: sherlydwiningrum@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Background: Safe and nutritious food is very important for our body. Unfortunately not all foods meet
food safety requirements. Some traders use prohibited food additives such as formalin and chlorine.
Increasing competition and desire to increase financial benefits make some traders use that way.
Therefore this study was conducted to provide an overview of the situation of illegal use of food
additives. The results of the study are expected to be used as a reference for the Government to control
the use of food additives in Indonesia. The purpose of this study is to identify foods containing formalin
and chlorine in East Surabaya Area.
Methods: This descriptive-observational research use purposive sampling technique. The samples
consist of 16 foods for formalin test and 16 foods for chlorine test. It is obtained from food traders
suspected of selling food containing those substances in East Surabaya. Tests were conducted in the
Environmental Health Laboratory of Universitas Airlangga Surabaya. Formalin and chlorine tests are
carried out qualitatively, using test kits to see the formalin content and color reaction test to see the
chlorine content. The results of data analysis is presented descriptively in the form of table and figure.
Results: The results show 12.5% samples (salted fish and white tofu) are containing formalin. While
chlorine test results show 75% samples (white cracker, rice, noodle, salt, wheat flour, white tofu and
tea dye samples) are positive of chlorine.
Conclusions: There are some foods containing formalin and chlorine in East Surabaya area. Health
institutions are advised to conduct regular inspection and investigation of food content. In addition,
regular education and coaching needs to be done to food vendors to improve their knowledge regarding
the use of formalin and chlorine.
Keywords: Formalin, chlorine, food, East Surabaya
51
(No. 3, 2018)
ICASH-A52
ACHIEVEMENT OF COMMUNITY HEALTH CENTER SEEN
THROUGH ACCREDITATION RESULTS: CASE STUDY IN
PUSKESMAS "X", IN SURABAYA
Meily Arovi Qulsum1*, Kurnia Sari,1 Adang Bachtiar,1 KM.Taufiq2
1
Department of Health Policy Administration, Faculty of Public Health,
Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia
2
Directorate of Quality and Accreditation of Health Services, Ministry of Health,
Republic of Indonesia
*Corresponding author’s email: meiarovi@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Background: Accreditation and recognition of a Community Health Center (Puskesmas) are given by
an independent accredited organization, established by the Minister of Health after comply the
accreditation standards. The accreditation achievement in East Java is at most of main level 76.7%.
Puskesmas "X" is one of Puskesmas in Surabaya which has been accredited with basic level of status
in 2015. This study aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the issues affecting the achievement
of Puskesmas accreditation.
Methods: This research is a qualitative descriptive study with in-depth interview and document
searching using an accreditation instrument standard.
Results: Based on accreditation results, the planning of the health centre was less appropriate because
it was not based on identification of need and expectation. The mobilization and implementation was
not working well due to lack of human health resource. Monitoring, control, and performance appraisal
of the health centre have not been done.
Conclusions: The accreditation of the health center, the Puskesmas X, in Surabaya is not only assessed
by the document but also by the processes and system implementation activities. Achievement of
Puskesmas accreditation status represents as a description of Puskesmas management and the result
will have an impact on Puskesmas performance, and service quality.
Keywords: Puskesmas, Accreditation, Performance, Service quality.
52
(No. 3, 2018)
ICASH-A53
RELATIONSHIP BEHAVIOR AND CONDITION OF THE HOME
EXPOSED TO VOLCANIC ASH WITH THE ACUTE RESPIRATORY
INFECTION (ARI) ON VILLAGERS PERBAJI IN 2017
Frida Lina Tarigan
Public Health Master Graduate Program, Sari Mutiara Indonesia University
Corresponding author’s email: frida_tarigan@yahoo.co.id
ABSTRACT
Background: Volcanic dust from the eruption of Mount Sinabung causes the air condition to be bad
and also disturbs the health of the surrounding population. This causes the occurrence of Acute
Respiratory Infection (ARI), as well as various other diseases such as cough, runny nose, sneezing, sore
throat. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between citizen behavior and the
condition of the house exposed to volcanic ash with the incidence of ARI (Acute Respiratory Infection)
to the residents of Karo Regency Perbaji Village in 2017.
Methods: This research is a cross-sectional study involved the head of family who is domiciled and
has a permanent population of 209 households in the village of Perbaji, Tiganderket District, Karo
Regency, with a total sample of 68 families. Data analysis used in this research is univariate and
bivariate analysis with Chi Square test.
Results: The result shows that based on Chi Square test, there is a significant correlation between
residents’ behavior exposed to volcanic ash with the incidence of ARI (p value = 0.000). It is noted also
a significant correlation between the house condition exposed to volcanic ash and the ARI occurrence
(p value = 0.000).
Conclusion: The results suggested that the villagers of Perbaji Village to use masks if they are outdoors
in the event of an eruption. For the poor housing conditions, it is expected that the residents will improve
their houses, such as covering the holes that can be penetrated by volcanic ash using plastic or paper.
It is needed to pay attention to the condition of Perbaji village residents who are exposed to volcanic
ash by distributing masks, and giving free treatment.
Keywords: ARI, Behavior, Home Condition
53
(No. 3, 2018)
ICASH-A54
FEMALE STUDENTS’ PERCEPTION ON BREAST CANCER

DETECTION USING BREAST SELF-EXAMINANTION (SADARI)
METHOD
Aulia Rahman Tanjung*, Ella Nurlaella Hadi
*Corresponding author’s email: anju.alifi@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Background: In Indonesia, breast cancer takes second place after cervical cancer with estimated
61,682 cases. According to International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) data in 2012, breast
cancer was found to be the highest percentage of new cases, amounting approximately 43.3% and the
death percentage caused by breast cancer reached 12.9%. Based on Basic Health Research data of
2013, the prevalence of breast cancer in Indonesia reaches 0.5 per 1,000 women. The objective of this
research was to find out about teenage female students’ perception about early detection of breast
cancer with SADARI method (Breast Self-Examination).
Methods: This research employed qualitative research method with the phenomenological approach by
using.
Results: Based on the research results, there were different perceptions on the importance of conducting
SADARI for teens. There were some obstacles to do SADARI such as feeling embarrassed, not having
enough time to do SADARI, being forgetful, lacking information about SADARI and lacking support
from family and closest people around them.
Conclusions: Teenager perceptions about SADARI affect behavior to do breast self-examination. The
solution to overcoming those obstacles included collecting information about early detection of breast
cancer using SADARI method, learning about it, and visiting the nearest health facility to do SADARI.
In addition, there must be external support from family or other closest relatives.
Keywords: Perception, teenager, breast self-examination
54
(No. 3, 2018)
ICASH-A55
ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE CONTROL PROGRAM ON THE

RATIONAL USE OF ANTIBIOTICS IN EKA HOSPITAL PEKANBARU,
INDONESIA
Rosinta Magdalena*, Adang Bahtiar
*Corresponding author’s email : rosinta.ms06@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) threatens the effective prevention and treatment of an
ever-increasing range of infections caused by bacteria, parasites, viruses and fungi. Rational use of
antibiotics can reduce the emergence of antimicrobial resistance, cost of treatment, length of stay in
hospitals, and improve health outcomes. This study aims to analyse the output of AMR control program
implementation on the rational use of antibiotics in hospitals.
Method: This research is a retrospective study, using descriptive analysis with Gyssens' algorithm.
Data were assessed from the medical records of patients treated at Eka hospital in 2017. The number
of samples 877, in the ICU wards amounted to 307 and Hopea B 570. The analysis was performed by
assessing the suitability of antibiotic therapy. The results are presented in therapeutic terms: the
antibiotics used and the percentage of use based on the Gyssens algorithm.
Result:The results of data analysis found there is an increase in the rationality of the use of antibiotics
on the unit ICU (67.77%), Hopea B (67.36%). There is a decrease in Patients Length of Stay (LOS) in
ICU (26%), in Hopea B (58%). The level of antibiotic use without indication in ICU (8.82%). in the
Hopea B ward (5.34%.). Attitude of non-compliance of doctors against hospital guidelines and
inadequate monitoring of antibiotic therapy. In the case of prophylactic antibiotics remain unobserved
because of the lack of pharmacists who can monitor their use.
Conclusion: Eka Hospital has established an AMR Control program, but it has not been implemented
properly. Continuous evaluation, awareness raising and understanding of doctors, the addition of
monitoring officers (pharmacists), patient screenings and hospital staff on an ongoing basis, are worthy
of consideration in order to improve the implementation of the program.
Keywords: antimicrobial resistance, antibiotic use, Gyssens’ method
55
(No. 3, 2018)
ICASH-A56
FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH BIRTH SPACING AMONG CHILD

MARRIAGE IN INDONESIA
Puput Kusumawardani Moehas
Department of Health & Society, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities
Mahidol University, Thailand
Corresponding author’s email: daniamoehas@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Background: Child marriage has been proved resulting adverse outcomes for both groom and brides.
Those who married before the age of 15, are more likely to have more than 3 children before they are
24 years old. This, along with the fact that girls are not physically mature enough to give birth, places
both mothers and their babies at risk. This study aims to give review on what factors that may influence
decision making on spacing birth among child marriage couple in Indonesia.
Methods: Data has been obtained from Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Basic Health Research) of Indonesia
2013. I also compared several papers from other country to strengthen the analysis. In order to analysis
the factors associated with birth spacing, the theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) has been used. This
theory explains that behavior is not fully under control of the individuals. TPB theory predicts an
individual’s intention to engage in specific behavior at specific time and place.
Results: Girl in cohort aged of 15-19 was noted as the most age that not using the contraception
methods. Study shows the birth spacing has been affected by attitudes toward the behavior. The other
factors are subjective norms, where people surrounding are influencing the birth spacing decision.
Internal factor such as the affordability of the service may influence them to access the services.
External factor such as the availability of the services will help them easier in accessing contraceptive
for birth spacing.
Conclusions: Child marriage trends are start to decline year by year. Yet, the impact of child marriage
needs to be reduced to make a better quality of life of the child marriage. A good practice and positive
attitudes to birth spacing will lower the adverse impacts to the brides, and it can give a better outcome
for the children as well.
Keywords: Birth Spacing, Child Marriage, Theory of Planned Behavior.
56
(No. 3, 2018)
ICASH-P01
THE MAINTENANCE OF FAMILY TOILET AND DEFECATION

BEHAVIOR AFTER COMMUNITY BASED TOTAL SANITATION
(STBM) PROGRAM IN THE PANGARIBUANVILLAGE, SIEMPAT
NEMPU HULU DAIRI DISTRICT
Imelda Yulita Rosalin Purba, Nopa Martogia Simaibang
Public Health Master Graduate Program, Sari Mutiara Indonesia University, Medan, Indonesia
*Corresponding author’s email: serona14@yahoo.co.id
ABSTRACT
Background: The approach used to overcome the sanitation problems especially the problem of open
defecation at Pangaribuan Village, Siempat Nempu Hulu Dairi District, Indonesia, one of the villages
that stated to be ODF (Open Defecation Program) as a part of Community-based of Total Sanitation
(STBM) program, given since 2013.
Aims: This study is to provide an overview of the knowledge, attitudes, and actions of defecating in
latrines, maintenance of the family latrine, and efforts to increase the number of people who defecate
in family latrines after Community-based of Total Sanitation (STBM) program in 2016.
Methods: This research was a descriptive study using a questionnaire, given to 78 families, selected
using a Slovin's Formula Sampling Technique at the Pangaribuan Village, Siempat Nempu Hulu Dairi
District, Indonesia. Through this study the authors discussed the problem of maintaining the toilet and
defecation behavior in a family after given a Community Based Total Sanitation (STBM) program
including the knowledge, attitudes and actions. People’s behavior was categorized as “good” reached
the score >75%, “enough” if the total score is 40-75 %, and categorized as “less” if the total score is
< 40%.
Results: The results showed that from 78 families there are 23 families that have latrines after the
STBM program is implemented. Only 5% of respondents graduated from college, and the most (37.1%)
only finished their senior high school. Most of the respondents are farmers (43.9%), or civil servants
only 5%. At the Pangaribuan Village, Siempat Nempu Hulu Dairi District, Indonesia, after the visit,
out of 78 families, 64 families had a good knowledge to Community Based Total Sanitation (STBM)
program. After the program, only families have noticed with “enough” attitude, while only 39 families
had less action in maintaining family toilet and defecation behavior. The survey showed that only 6
families have qualified healthy latrine, where 4 of them are civil servants while the other two are upper
middle class family.
Conclusion: Based on these findings, it can be concluded that the education and social economy of the
community affect the knowledge, attitudes and actions of the community in terms of maintenance and
ownership of latrines that meet the requirements of healthy latrines that do not pollute water and soil
surface, free from insects, does not cause odor, comfortable and safe used by the user, and easy to use.
Keywords: defecation behavior, latrine family maintenance, Community-based of Total Sanitation

(STBM) program.
57
(No. 3, 2018)
ICASH-P02
HEALTH CARE PROVIDERS’ ROLE IN IMPLEMENTING UKGS

(SCHOOL DENTAL HEALTH PROGRAM) AT MATITI PUSKESMAS,
HUMBANG HASUNDUTAN REGENCY
July Yanthi Veronika
*Corresponding author’s email: julyyanthi9@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Background: The problem of dental health which often occurs in school children is caries which causes
tooth decay. In Indonesia, 89% of under 12 year-old children suffer from dental and oral disease. Caries
can cause the other bodily organs to be sick, therefore, socialization is needed to remind children of
the importance of dental care. The objective of this research was to find out the correlation of health
care providers’ role in implementing UKGS (school dental health program) at Matiti Puskesmas,
Doloksanggul Subdistrict, Humbang Hasundutan Regency.
Methods: The research was an analytic survey with cross sectional design. The population was 5,794
elementary school student in the working area of Matiti Puskesmas, and 98 of them were involved as
the samples, using proportional random sampling technique. The data were gathered by using
questionnaires about whether health care providers provided education and counseling about dental
hygiene at school, teaching students how to brush their teeth correctly, carrying out mass tooth-
brushing, examining dental and oral hygiene for Grade I students, extracting milk teeth, doing dental
care, and cleaning caries. The data were analyzed by using univariate analysis and bivariate analysis
with Chi Square test.
Results: The result of the research showed that 54 respondents (55.1%) were females and 89
respondents (90.8%) were in the age group of 10-11 years. Health care providers’ role was found as
significant factor in the implementation of UKGS program at Maitit Puskesmas, Doloksanggul
Subdistrict, Humbang Hasundutan Regency, at p=0,000 (p<0,05).
Conclusion: The relationship between the role of health care providers (dentist, dental nurses, etc) with
the implementation was good although it still needed to be improved, especially related to dental
examination and extracting teeth in students.
Keywords: Health Care Providers’ Role, UKGS Program
58
(No. 3, 2018)
ICASH-P04
ERGONOMIC OBSERVATION AS SMALL RISK ASSESSMENT

WORKSHOP OF CV TRIYUNDA MAS IN MEDAN MARELAN
Prihatmoko Saptinis Huboyojati
Corresponding author’s email: mokographa@yahoo.co.id
ABSTRACT
Background: Comfort disorder on the muscles such as muscle disorder usually occurs to the labors in
the workshop sector. The ergonomics factor is one of the major risk in the workplace that cannot be
underestimated. This ergonomic observation aims to identify or assess the risk of the labor’s posture
and the environment so that, recommendations to work and work environment can be provide
Methods: This research is survey research / descriptive observation. The population of study is all
people in the workshop with totals 9 people. The sampling method used in this study is saturation
sampling design with all labors ( 9 people) sampled in this study labor and environment workshop CV
Triyunda Surya Mas as research subjects. The data collected through direct interviews, direct
observation, work task documentation and risk level assessment using Rapid Entire Body Assessment
(REBA) and Nordic Body Map methods to obtain the illustration of ergonomic hazards in the
workshop. Recommendations given to reduce the ergonomic hazard. The Observation was conducted
for 1 month.
Results: The result of ergonomic risk assessment of musculoskeletal disorder system’s complaint using
Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) method are: last score = 9, action level = 3 and risk level =
high. The result Nordic Body Map shows skeletal muscle complains : left shoulder,left leg, back, waist
(pain), right shoulder, right-left hand, right-left thight, right-left knee, right leg, right left foot (rather
pain).
Conclusions: Education and Training should be conducted to the employer and labors about the right
working position (ergonomics) as an effort to prevent the musculoskeletal disorder and follow up of
risk assessment efforts through ergonomic observation in the workshop.
Keywords: Ergonomic Observation, Workshop, Rapid Entire Body Assessment
59
(No. 3, 2018)
ICASH-P05
PEERS FRIENDSHIP ’ RELATIONSHIP WITH FREE SEX BEHAVIOR

AMONG TEENS IN STABAT DISTRICT LANGKAT REGENCY
Sapnita
Corresponding author’s email: sapnita10@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Background: Adolescence is known as a stage of physical development when the genital organs are
considered matured. As teenagers spend more free time with peers, close friends or friends often serve
as a reference person to exchange experiences. The purpose of this study is to determine the extent of
the relationship between peers with the free sex behavior among youth in Stabat district Langkat
regency.
Methods: The design used in this study is a descriptive correlation that aims to identify the association
between peers’ relationship with free sex behavior of adolescents in Stabat district Langkat regency.
The population in this study are junior high school in Stabat. The sample size is 202, comprised of 96
junior high school and 106 high school students who were selected by proportionate stratified random
sampling technique.
Results: From the data of 106 respondents it can be seen that the respondents strongly agree that feel
more comfortable when talking with association of peers about sex information as much as 64 people
(60,38%), agree 21 people (19,81%), and less agree as 21 people ( 19, 81%). Respondents who agree
that peer group is useful for teenagers there are 68 people (64.15%) and less useful as much as 38
people (35.81%).The results showed that from 106 respondents, 87 people (82.8%) had good knowledge
and 19 respondents (17.92%) had sufficient knowledge about sex education.
Based on Spearman correlation (ρ) of 0.378 and significance (p) of 0.041. This ) of 0.05 which means
α value is smaller than the level of significance ( there is a significant relationship between peers
association with free sex behavior towards adolescents.
Conclusion: Based on statistical analysis using spearman correlation formula obtained the conclusion
that the hypothesis of this study is accepted where the results describe the association of peers can
affect free sex behavior in adolescents.
Keywords: Peer friendship, free sex behavior
60
(No. 3, 2018)
ICASH-P06
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE VALUES OF PHYSICAL FITNESS

WITH TIME OF USEFUL CONCIOUSNESS AT 25,000 FEET
ALTITUDE AMONG THE STUDENTS OF SUSDOKBANGAN XIV
WHO PERFORMED AEROPHYSIOLOGY INDOCTRINATION AND
EXERCISE IN LAKESPRA SARYANTO 2017
Arni Deliyanti
Corresponding author’s email: arni.deliyanti@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Background: One of the risks faced by aircrew is exposure to hypoxia. Hypoxia can be known from the
Time Of Useful Conciousness (TUC) value at a certain height in the Low-Pressed Airspace (LPA).
There are several factors that affect a person against exposure to hypoxia, one of its is the degree of
physical fitness. This study is to prove the existence of relationship of Initial, Mid and Final of Physical
fitness level with time of useful conciousness in facing hypoxia to stop or minimize accident in flight by
improving health and flight safety.
Method: Observational analytical research with cross sectional approach, the study samples consisted
of 18 students of Susdokbang XIV who performed Aerophysiology Indoctrination and Exercise at
Lakespra Saryanto 2017. The value taken in the study are score index of physical fitness and the value
of Time of Useful Conciousness (TUC) which will correlae statistical tools.
Result: Using Somers’d test to correlate initial physical fitness with TUC, coefficient correlation p =
0,337 (p > 0,05). The somers’d test shows that p> 0,05 H0 is accepted means no significant correlation.
Conclusions: This study shows that there is no significant relationship between physical fitness test
values with Time of useful conciousness.
Keywords: Value of physical fitness, Time Of Useful Conciousness, and Hypoxia
61
(No. 3, 2018)
ICASH-P07
THE NEW ERA OF INDONESIAN NATIONAL HEALTH INSURANCE

IN SOUTH TANGERANG CITY HOSPITAL: STUDY OF
IMPLEMENTATION
Wahyu Manggala Putra 1, 2,*, Febrianti 2, Riastuti Kusuma Wardani 2
1
ASEAN Institute for Health Development, Mahidol University, 25/25 Phuttamonthon 4 Rd. Salaya
Phuttamonthon, Nakhon Pathom, 73710, Thailand
2
Faculty of Health Science, State Islamic University of Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2nd campus – 5th
Kertamukti Raya, Pisangan Ciputat, South Tangerang, Banten, 15419 Indonesia
*Corresponding author’s email: wahyumanggalaput@student.mahidol.ac.th
ABSTRACT
Background: Health insurance in Indonesia is not new. Since 1985, Indonesia had known health
insurance for workers, and transformation into ASKES (Asuransi Kesehatan) and Jamsostek (Jaminan
Sosial Tenaga Kerja). To reach better health coverage wider to everyone, at the beginning of 2014 the
Indonesian government through Act 40 of the National Social Security System (UU-SJSN) launched a
program known as the National Health Insurance (JKN) as the transformation from previous health
schemes to universal health coverage. In the practice, advanced level provider (hospital) often
experienced many obstacles in providing decent health services. The objective of this paper was to
understand the implementation of JKN by exploring the evaluation process of implementation the JKN
policy in South Tangerang City Hospital.
Methods: This study used a qualitative descriptive approach, supported by primary data in the form of
in-depth interviews with the independent verification unit of BPJS Kesehatan, head of unit and staff for
health insurance in the hospital, and the users of JKN. The literature review also used for support.
Content analysis techniques were employed in this study.
Results: The results showed that the implementation of JKN in South Tangerang City Hospital is not
maximized in practice, such as in terms of disbursement claims was late, a rate of the benefits of services
was different with INA-CBGs packages, lack of information technology support, and human resources
still insufficient. By this study, JKN program policy implementation in South Tangerang City Hospital
was influenced by six factors: 1) virtuous of hospital and national regulation, 2) sufficient resources
(need evaluation in the number of non-medic workers in hospital), 3) well-established communication
between the executives, 4) character of the implementers that support the implementation of the
program, 5) standards that were visible from the hospital to support implementation, and 6) the
environments situation was conducive.
Conclusion: The result provide amount of facts that could be make this program more effective in
implementation, for the hospital as the provider strongly recommend to put attention on no additional
fee for services for JKN members, The operator (BPJS Kesehatan) should continuously improve on the
information system and precise of the real cost for INA-CBGs packages. The government (local and
national) as the regulator, in the nearest future should supervise the information system and INA-CBGs
packages in the regional and national.
Keywords: Implementation, JKN, BPJS Kesehatan, South Tangerang City Hospital, Indonesia
62
(No. 3, 2018)
ICASH-P08
IMPLEMENTATION OF INTEGRATED COUNSELING PROGRAM

OF NON-COMMUNICABLE DISEASES IN HYPERTENSIVE
PATIENTS IN PADANG BULAN PUBLIC HEALTH CENTRE
Sri Bintang, Marihot Pardosi*
*Corresponding author’s email: marihotpardosi08@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Background: Hypertension is a global health problem nowadays because its prevalence is increasing
in many countries including Indonesia. Hypertension requires on going treatment and includes both
medical and non-medical interventions. Integrated coaching post is a national program to tackle the
disease through a preventive and promotion approach with a five-table system. The purpose of this
research is to explore the implementation of integrated coaching post program, including staff, facilities
and infrastructure, operational cost, obstacles and prevention strategy.
Methods: This is a qualitative research using in-depth interviews and document review. The interviews
were conducted to 9 (nine) key information including heads of health centre, doctors, integrated
coaching post officers, cadres and integrated coaching post participants. Data are presented in the
form of narrative and interview matrices.
Results: The results showed that the implementation of integrated coaching post-program has been
running well but not yet optimal. This is shown through the existence of supporting facilities and
infrastructure, the procurement of sponsorship through cooperation with partners. Nevertheless, the
lack of awareness of hypertensive participants remain a challenge. Monitoring of program
implementation is an important concern in maintaining the sustainability of program implementation.
Conclusions: Support from various parties is required to improve the implementation of integrated
coaching post in Padang Bulan Health Centre. New innovations are also necessary to improve the
quality and quantity of post integrated coaching activities.
Keywords: Hypertension, post integrated coaching the disease is not contagious
63
(No. 3, 2018)
ICASH-P09
ASSOCIATION BETWEEN MOTHER’S CLEAN AND HEALTHY

LIVING BEHAVIOR AND DIARRHEA AMONG UNDERFIVE
CHILDREN IN PADANG BULAN PUBLIC HEALTH CENTER MEDAN
Purnama Hutasoit
Corresponding author’s email: purnamahutasoit76@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Background: There are 3.6 million cases of morbidity caused by diarrhea occur among under five
children. In Indonesia, 173 thousand cases of diarrhea occur among under five children. In general,
the occurrence of diarrhea happens due to lack of hygiene and sanitation in the community. In North
Sumatera, there were 636 cases of diarrhea and deaths attributed to diarrhea about 12 cases in 2009.
One of the risk factors for the occurrence of diarrhea is the lack of clean and healthy living behaviors.
This study aimed to determine an association between mother’s clean and healthy living behavior with
diarrhea cases in under five children.
Methods: This study was a descriptive analytic study with cross sectional design. This study was
conducted in Padang Bulan Public Health Center Medan in April 2010. Total subject were 64, chosen
by a purposive sampling. Chi-square Test was used to analyze all variables (95% confidence level).
Results:There were no association between mother’s knowledge (x2 calculated (2,174) < x2 tabulated
(9,448)), mother’s attitude (x2 calculated (4,266) < x2 tabulated (5,591)) with diarrhea cases. There was
an association between mother’s behavior (x2 calculated (6,548) > x2 tabulated (5,591)) with the
occurrence of diarrhea.
Conclusions: This study showed that mother’s clean and healthy living knowledge and attitude weren’t
associated with the occurrence of diarrhea. Moreover, there was an association between mother’s clean
and healthy living behavior and the occurrence of diarrhea. In order to prevent the occurrence of
diarrhea, we recommend the community especially mother not to do open defecation, wash hands with
soap, treatment and storage household drinking water safely, and manage household garbage and
waste water.
Keywords: Behavioral, Diarrhoea Desease
64
(No. 3, 2018)
ICASH-P11
FACTORS AFFECTING TUBERCULOSIS PATIENTS

IN PUBLIC HEALTH CENTER OF BATANG BERUH SIDIKALANG,
DAIRI DISTRICT IN 2016
Rismawaty Doloksaribu
Corresponding author’s email: rismawati.doloksaribu@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Background: TB disease is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis and its

transmission through the patient's breath droplet when coughing, talking or sneezing. One of the
successes in the treatment of Pulmonary TB patients lies with the Drug Swallowing Supervisor (PMO)
who is responsible for ensuring the persistence, and regularity of treatment on schedule to prevent
patients from neglecting to take medicine. Besides, the recovery of pulmonary tuberculosis patients can
be determined by the behavior itself, many factors that influence economic behavior, knowledge and
demographic conditions. The early survey at PHC of Batang Beruh, the number of Pulmonary TB
patients in May - June 2016 was 68 people. Pulmonary TB disease is the second most contagious
disease after (Acute Rrespiratory Infections) ARI. This makes the authors interested in conducting
research.
Methods: This study uses descriptive analytic by using questionnaire which is given to respondent and
uses observation sheeet to know the factors that influence the patient of Pulmonary TB at PHC Batang
Beruh Sidikalang Subdistrict of Dairi in 2016. The population of this study is 68 people and the sample
is 68 people (total sampling). The sampling method used in this study is purposive sampling technique.
The data collected are primary data (questionnaire) and secondary data (documentation / literature).
The data were analyzed bivariate and multivariate. Bivariate analysis using Chi-square test with 95%
significance limit with p-value <0,05%. Multivariate analysis using multiple linear regression test with
5% significance level.
Results: This study aims to determine what factors affect the success of TB patients at PHC of Batang
Beruh ,Sidikalang Dairi District in 2016. The result of this research is chi-square test obtained p value
= 0,023, and multiple linear regression test by using p value = 0,036art there is social economic
influence, knowledge and demography condition to Lung TB incidence at Batang Beruh Public Health
Center Sidikalang Subdistrict, Dairi Regency Year 2016
Conclusion: The conclusion of this study is that there are factors influence the patient of Pulmonary
TB in PHC of Batang Beruh, Sidikalang Dairi District in 2016. It is sugesteded to the health officer in
PHC to make home visit and give counseling routinely to increase understanding of patient of
Pulmonary TB so that Pulmonary TB is not repeated.
Keywords: pulmonary TB patients, patient’s behavior, socioeconomic influence
65
(No. 3, 2018)
ICASH-P12
THE EFFECT OF TRANSVERSE FRICTION ON PAST SCALE IN

ELBOW TENNIS CASE IN SANTA ELISABETH HOSPITAL MEDAN
IN 2015
Santo Damerius Silitonga
Corresponding author’s email: silitongasanto@yahoo.com
ABSTRAK
Background: Many found in housewives and tennis athletes who experience pain on the outside elbow,
This research is important because in patients with elbow pain will have difficulty doing its activities
because it is not strong to lift the object held, difficulty to wash clothes, and movement activities. From
the reported information of 23 out of 30 elbow pain sufferers as a result of uncontrolled movements at
Santa Elisabeth Hospital Medan during January - June 2015. The purpose of this study was to
determine the effect of Transverse friction on elbow pain patients.
Methods: This research method used Quasi experiment with one group pre and post test design to see
the effect of Transverse friction on pain scale in Tennis elbow patient. The sample in this research using
non probability sampling method is sempel picking method where only individual or certain object only
in a population selected to be sample. Sampling technique in this research is purposive sampling that
is sampling technique based on sample criterion determined by researcher own.
Results: Obtained characteristics of respondents by sex, which has the highest frequency is female sex
of 15 people (65,2%). Based on the characteristics of age, which has the highest frequency is the age
of 30-35 years as many as 10 people (43.5%). Based on job characteristics, which has the highest
frequency is housewife job as many as 10 people (43,5%)
Conclusion: Based on the results of research and discussion that has been done, the researcher
concludes that the provision of Transverse friction where during the hypothesis test using paired sample
t-test obtained p-value of 0.000 (p <0.05) thus Ha accepted. With the provision of Transverse friction,
it can be concluded that the basic therapy that has been done so far has reduced pain, apparently with
the provision of Transverse friction pain reduction is more useful.
Keywords: transverse friction, past scale, elbow tennis, Medan
66
(No. 3, 2018)
ICASH-P13
THE EFFECTS OF ONLINE-BASED REVIEWS AND EXERCISES IN

NURSING PROCESS AND BASIC HEALTH ASSESSMENT COURSE
AMONG THE BACHELOR NURSING SCIENCE STUDENTS AT A
PRIVATE UNIVERSITY IN NAKHON PATHOM PROVINCE
Orapan Boonsom, Sarah Jane Lubaton Racal
College of Nursing, Christian University of Thailand
Corresponding author’s email: aomjum@yahoo.com; racalsarahjane@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Introduction: The quasi experimental research on the effects of online-based reviews and exercises in
nursing process and basic health assessment course among the bachelor of nursing science students at a
private university in Nakhon Pathom province aimed to compare the effects of online-based reviews and
exercises in nursing process and basic health assessment course to the traditional classroom teaching
method. The sample were 92 bachelor of nursing science students who enrolled in nursing process and
basic health assessment course.
Methods: The research instruments consisted of 2 parts; 1) personal data and 2) 9 exercise question
sets of 4 topics; taking health history, vital signs, physical examination, and laboratory investigation
which the researcher developed based on nursing process and basic health assessment course
objectives. The exercise question sets were evaluated content validity by 5 experts. The data was
collected in the second semester, academic year 2559. Personal data was analyzed by descriptive
statistic and the scores were compared by t-test.
Results: The posttest scores of physical examination topic of the students who did online-based reviews
and exercises (M = 42.23, SD = 11.53) were higher than those who did paper-based reviews and
exercises (M = 39.82, SD = 13.34). (t(105.64) = 3.22 , p <.05).
Conclusion: The results show that the students gained more knowledge and understanding when doing
online-based reviews and exercises in some content area. This results provided guideline for nurse
instructors to develop more online-based teaching-learning activities in other courses which are
suitable for the 21st century learners.
Keywords: Online-based exercise, Bachelor of nursing science student, Nursing process and basic
health assessment
67
(No. 3, 2018)
ICASH-P14
ANALYSIS ACHIEVEMENT OF COMMUNITY LED TOTAL

SANITATION (CLTS) PROGRAM IN THE DISTRICT PEGAGAN
HILIR OF REGENCY OF DAIRI IN 2018
Elfida Purba
Master Program of Public Health Sciences, Universitas Sari Mutiara Indonesia, Medan, Indonesia
Corresponding author’s email: elfidapurbatambak@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Background: Pegagan Hilir Subdistrict Dairi Regency is a sub-district that has implemented CLTS
(Stop BABS) program. Problems faced by the community in the kecamatan district have not been all
using latrines. The implementation of the CLTS (Stop BABS) program has been running for
4 years (2014 - 2018), but based on data from the Tigabaru Community Health Center that the
achievement of the CLTS (Stop BABS) is still low. This study aims to analyze the achievement of CLTS
program (stop BABS) in Pegagan Hilir District.
Method: Qualitative descriptive research which explains the existing phenomenon based on data
collection obtained by the researchers and analyzed data obtained from the field in detail. In general,
qualitative research is done by interview and observation method toward sanitation officer.
Results: From the results of the research, it can be concluded that the CLTS (Stop BABS) program in
Pegagan Hilir sub-district has not been successful, influenced by several factors such as public
knowledge about the impact of low defecation is still low, and people still expect government assistance
to make toilet. It is recommended for sanitation program holders to keep extension through trigger
activities to increase community knowledge and expected to establish cross-sectoral cooperation in
achieving the success of CLTS (Stop BABS) program.
Conclusion: Successful achievement of CLTS (Stop BABS) program has an effect on low knowledge of
society, role of sanitation officer in trigger and cross sectoral cooperation.
Keywords: Program achievement,CLTS Pegagan Hilir district
68
(No. 3, 2018)
ICASH-P17
PATTERNS OF DENGUE HEMORRHAGIC FEVER AT HAJI
GENERAL HOSPITAL ON JULY – DECEMBER 2015
Sekar Anggraini
Corresponding author’s email: sekaranggraini202@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Background: Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) is a disease caused by dengue virus with symptoms of
sudden onset of fever for 5-7 days, temperature 39-40 degrees Celsius, headache, muscle and joint
pains, nausea and vomiting and characterized by redness (petechie ) on the face, legs and hands.
Dengue disease is transmitted by the mosquito Aedes aegypti. This study to describe the patterns of
Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) in Haji Hospital Medan period from July to December, 2015.
Methods: This study aims to describe the patterns of dengue patients by age, sex, ethnicity, occupation,
and residence area. The type of research in this case is descriptive retrospective involved 107 sample.
Data were obtained from medical records from July to December 2015.
Results: The results showed most of DHF cases were occurred among 15-50 years old, with similar
proportion between males and females. The proportion was highest among students and Javanese
ethnic.
Conclusion: DHF was found mostly among adults. The high rate of transmission of disease among
students in both the school and campus environments is possible by the aspect of hygiene, allegedly
there are many places of breeding and resting place Aedes Aegypti mosquitoes.
Keywords: DHF, Age, Gender, Employment, Interest and residence.
69
(No. 3, 2018)
ICASH-P18
THE RELATION OF ANTENATAL CARE (ANC) WITH THE

INCIDENCE OF ANEMIA IN THE DATUK BANDAR TIMUR HEALTH
CENTER, TANJUNG BALAI, NORTH SUMATRA, INDONESIA
Farida Umamy
Corresponding author’s email: f.umamy@yahoo.com
ABSTRACT
Background: Anemia is a condition in which the hemoglobin concentration in the blood measured
below normal. The prevalence of anemia in pregnant women in Indonesia was ranged from 20-80%,
which occurred to 10% of mothers who never checked her pregnancy for any specified regular prenatal
examinations. In another hand, visiting an antenatal care for a complete control, can prevent
complications during pregnancy, especially anemia. The purpose of this study was to determine the
relation of antenatal care visit with the incidence of anemia the Datuk Bandar Timur’s public health
care.
Methods: This research was designed as a descriptive correlation study using a cross-sectional
approach. This study involved 35 pregnant women who have been selected from Datuk Bandar Timur’s
Health Center, Tanjung Balai, North Sumatera, Indonesia, using a purposive sampling. The
hemoglobin concentration was then measured, and the story of antenatal care visit was identified.
Results: The results showed that out of 35 pregnant women, 22 of them do not complete their antenatal
care visit (62,85%), while 13 participants have been measured with anemia (37,15%). The results of
chi-square analysis showed that X2hitung = 7.328 > X2Tabel = 5.991 which means there was a relation
between antenatal care visit with anemia of pregnancy in Datuk Bandar Timur’s Public Health Center,
Tanjung Balai, North Sumatera, Indonesia.
Conclusion: It can be concluded that mothers who fail to complete their antenatal care visit may have
anemia. It may suggest to the expected health workers to monitor Fe tablet consumption and diet of
pregnant women with anemia.
Keywords: Antenatal care visits, anemia, pregnant women
70
(No. 3, 2018)
ICASH-P19
CAUSES OF INFECTIOUS DISEASE IN RANGKAH SUB DISTRICT,

SURABAYA, INDONESIA
Febrina Dewi Safitri, Renticabella Praharanie Edytya
Faculty of Public Health, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia
Corresponding author’s email: febrinadewi27@gmail.com, renticapraharanie@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Background: Indonesia is a tropical climate area and risked for the development of infectious diseases.
Surabaya is one of Indonesia's cities with highy densed population and extreme weather.
Methods: This research is a descriptive research. The data was collected by in-depth interview with
Rangkah Clinic officer.
Results: The results showed that residents of Rangkah District are prone to Diphtheria, Diarrhea, TB,
and DHF. The USG method (Urgent, Seriousness, and Growth) found DHF as the priority of infectious
disease in Rangkah. It was also found that the number of dengue fever increases in the rainy season.
Free number of larvae only reached 84.29% from target> 95%.
Conclusion: The solution of DHF problems in Rangkah Clinic is to intervene in 5 aspects of the problem
in accordance with the socio-ecological behavior approach found solution of the problem is to maintain
the dwelling hygiene, such as implementing 3T plus, selling used goods, cleaning sewers, burning
garbage, dressing neatly, cleaning the room, draining the tub, and cleaning well.
Keywords : Infectious Disease, DHF, Socio-ecological Behavior
71
(No. 3, 2018)
ICASH-P20
DESCRIPTION OF PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS,

SMOKE OF HOUSEHOLD WASTE, INCIDENCE OF CHRONIC LUNG
DISEASE
Renticabella Praharanie Edytya, Febrina Dewi Safitri
Faculty of Public Health, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia
*Corresponding author’s email: renticapraharanie@gmail.com, febrinadewi27@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Background: The physical environment of housing that includes roofing components, floors, walls,
ceilings, ventilation, and lighting is one factor that can lead to the incidence of chronic lung disease. In
addition, chronic lung disease can also be caused by exposure to household burning household smoke
that can enter the human respiratory tract. This study aims to describe the physical environmental
factors of housing, smoke of household waste, and the incidence of chronic lung disease.
Method: This research is a type of quantitative research that is observational with crossectional
research design. Sampling for filling questionnaire about waste combustion behavior was taken by using
simple random sampling technique to obtain 123 samples from 180 total population, while sampling for
observation of physical housing environment was done by cluster method so that 45 samples were
obtained. This research was conducted Nunuk Sub-village, Pomahan Village Baureno District
Bojonegoro Regency and analyzed by using descriptive study.
Result: It showed that the physical components of the ceiling, floor, and ventilation environment were
in bad condition, the roof and wall components were in moderate condition, and the components were
in good condition. Some household waste is burned behind the house with a percentage of 52%, so it
can cause smoke. Found approximately 3.13% of respondents who suffer from chronic lung disease in
Nunuk Sub-village.
Conclusion: The physical environment in Nunuk Sub-village housing is still in bad category and not in
accordance with the requirements of Indonesia Ministry of Health Regultion 829 of 1999 on Healthy
Home Requirements, more than half of respondents burn garbage, and found only a few chronic lung
diseases
Keywords : Chronic lung disease, physical environmental factors, smoke of household waste
72
(No. 3, 2018)
ICASH-P21
INCIDENCE OF HYPERTENSION AT HAJI GENERAL HOSPITAL

MEDAN IN 2015
Kiki Dwi Kusuma Wardhany
*Corresponding author’s email: kikidwisucipto@yahoo.com
ABSTRACT
Backgrounds: Hypertension is a global health issue that needs attention as it can lead to major deaths
in both developed and developing countries. According to Basic Health Research, in 2013 people with
hypertension at Indonesia is 25,8%. Meanwhile, from the Health Office of North Sumatra Province in
2015, there were 151,939 people suffer from Hypertension. In North Sumatra there are have any
General Hospital one of them is Haji General Hospital Medan with a population of all people with
hypertension as 849 in 2015. Incidence is a new case of a disease that occurs over a period of time.
This study aims to find out new cases of hypertension based on risk factors.
Methods: The type of research in this case is descriptive research. The population is 849 people with a
total sample of 133 people, based on the total sampling method with the incidence formula taken from
the first visit.
Results: The results from this study showed that the incidence rate is 0.15% or as many as 133 people
with the highest number in the age group of 56 - 65 years is 43 people (32.3%), > 65 years age group
is 39 people (29.3%%), 46 - 55 years age group is 33 people (24.8%) , 36 - 45 years age group is 12
people (9,0)%, 26 - 35 years age group is 5 people (3,8)% and the lowest number in 12 - 16 year age
group that is 1 person (0,8% ).
Conclusion: Based on this data we have taken that the increasing age is the higher risk factor of
hypertension.
Keywords: Hypertension, Incidence, Risk Factors
73
(No. 3, 2018)
ICASH-P22
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF NATIONAL HEALTH INSURANCE

FOR POOR SOCIETY
Tengku Lya Handa Suri*, Pujiyanto
Program of Hospital Administration Studies, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Indonesia
*Corresponding author’s email: tengkulya_harun@yahoo.com
ABSTRACT
Background: The number of poor people in Indonesia has increased over the past year. In order to
improve the access of health services for the poor, the government launched a regulation in the form of
Law no. 40 of 2004 on Social Security System. This paper aims to investigate the implementation of
national health insurance for poor society.
Methods: A systematic review was conducted by tracking journals that related to the topic. The
literature review was in November - December 2017 through online library database of University of
Indonesia. In selecting the journal articles, researcher used inclusion and exclusion criteria and then
performed critical appraisal process.
Results: The implementation of health insurance was still very low as well as their knowledge of its
importance. Several studies that had been conducted in other countries also found similar phenomena.
Only a few of the poor and low educated people had health insurance.
Conclusions: All people need to recognize and understand the importance of health insurance. In
addition, Indonesian government need to think and plan the strategy to building the awareness of
Universal Health Coverage among poor people
Keywords: National health insurance, Indonesia, poor people
74
(No. 3, 2018)
ICASH-P23
ANALYSIS OF DIFFERENCES ON HEALTH COST BASED ON

FINANCING SOURCES AT EKA HOSPITAL PEKANBARU
Martin Susanto
*Corresponding author’s email: susanto.martin@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Background: The implementation of Universal Health Coverage (UHC) in the form of the National
Health Insurance Program (NHI) in Indonesia, changes the proportion of patients based on sources of
financing. The prospective payment method used for NHI Program requires a health care facility to
perform cost efficiency without decreasing the quality of service.
Methods: Analysis of health cost differences from gross income data at Eka Hospital Pekanbaru based
on financing sources, as well as analysis of the proportion of the cost components of each source of
financing.
Results: There are rooms for cost efficiency for NHI insured services, both for outpatient services and
inpatient services. One of component that can be the focus of the efficiency program is the
pharmaceutical supply component, where the cost reaches 31.96 - 50.18% in outpatient services bills
and 50.13% - 56.50% in inpatient services bills.
Conclusions: There are major differences in health costs based on sources of funding in Eka Hospital
Pekanbaru. These differences require a deeper analysis of the quality and suitability of patient
management on Clinical Practice Guideline and Clinical Pathway. The amount of Pharmaceutical
Supplies component of total health cost indicates that the intervention on this component can be the key
to success in the management of quality and efficient service.
Keywords: Cost analysis, health financing sources, cost efficiency, prospective payment
75
(No. 3, 2018)
ICASH-U01
CALCITRIOL ATTENUATES KIDNEY FIBROSIS VIA DECREASING

TUBULAR INJURY, M1-M2 MACROPHAGE RATIO, AND
MYOFIBROBLAST
Rizka Adi Nugraha Putra1*, Dwi cahyani Ratna Sari2, Santosa Budiharjo2, Nur Arfian2
1
Departement of Anatomy Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto
2
Departement of Anatomy Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Gadjah mada
*
Corresponding author’s email: (rizka.adinp@gmail.com)
ABSTRACT
Background: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is the global health issues with bad prognosis outcome,
characterized by kidney fibrosis. Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction (UUO) is the most representative
experimental model to obtain kidney fibrosis. Kidney fibrosis observed with progressive injury of
parenchymal kidney and extracellular matrix aggregation of type I and III collagen. This study was
aimed to explore the effect of calcitriol administration toward the expression of M1-M2 macrophage,
tubular injury and myofibroblast in male mice by using UUO.
Methods: Twenty-five Switzerland furrowed mouse were divided into 5 equals groups; control group
(SO), UUO3, UUO7, UUOD3 and UUOD7. UUO groups received 0.2% ethanol and UUOD groups
received 0.5 µg/kg BM calcitriol for 3 and 7 days exposure. Twenty-five paraffin-embedded section of
kidney tissue were analyzed by Periodic Acid Schiff and immunohistochemical staining against
antibody anti-CD68, Arginase I and αSMA. Data were shown in the proportion of tubular injury, M1-
M2 macrophage, and myofibroblast accumulation with ImageJ software for scoring. Data were
analyzed using one way ANOVA using SPSS22 software with p<0.05 considered to be statistically
significant.
Results: UUO treatment (approve to be deleted) increased the tubular injury, M1 macrophage and
myofibroblast accumulation but decreased M2 macrophage (p<0.05) compared to SO group. This study
revealed the poorer prognosis in different exposure of treatment (p<0.05). But calcitriol (UUOD)
administration to the treatment decreased the tubular injury, M1 macrophage and myofibroblast
accumulation and increased M2 macrophage (p<0.05) compared to UUO groups.
Conclusions: Calcitriol decreased chronic kidney disease by reducing tubular injury and M1-M2
macrophage ratio and inducing myofibroblast in mice.
Keywords: Calcitriol, UUO, M1-M2 Macrophage ratio, Tubular Injury, Myofibroblas
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ISSN 2580-9296 (ONLINE)

Faculty of Graduate Studiesnd Mahidol University

The 3rd International Conference on Applied Science and Health

Dyah Anantalia Widyastari Ardi Wiranata

Wahyu Manggala Putra Chairunisah Hasanah

© 2018 Yayasan Aliansi Cendekiawan Indonesia Thailand (Indonesian Scholars' Alliance)

Professor Dr. Patcharee Lertrit, M.D.

[A02] BURDEN OF CANCER ATTRIBUTABLE TO SMOKING IN GULF COOPERATION 2

[A03] SPATIO-TEMPORAL ANALYSIS OF MALARIA INCIDENCE ALONG HLAINGBWE 3

[A04] PREVALENCE OF INTESTINAL PARASITE AND RELATED FACTORS AMONG 4

[A05] PERCEPTION OF MEDICAL DOCTORS ON CHEST TUBE THORACOSTOMY 5

[A06] BIOACTIVE ACTIVITY OF A RECOMBINANT LONGAN (Dimocarpus longan LOUR.) 6

[A07] MAIN SOURCES OF SUGAR INTAKE OF ADOLESCENTS IN DAERAH ISTIMEWA 7

[A08] CHANGING COSMETIC BRANDS INCREASE RISK OF FREQUENCY AND DEGREE OF 8

[A09] HOUSEKEEPING GENES ANALYSIS OF FOODBORNE PATHOGENIC BACTERIA 9

[A10] THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HEALTH FINANCING MECHANISM AND 10

[A11] COMPARISON OF EFFECTIVENESS BETWEEN CELERY JUICE (Apium graveolens L.) 11

[A13] POTENTIAL ACCELERATING EFFECT OF Ageratum conyzoides L. LEAVES EXTRACT 13

[A14] SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS, WORK VENUE, KNOWLEDGE, AND 14

[A15] PROGNOSIS OF INHALATION INJURY IN SEVERE BURN PATIENTS ON EMERGENCY 15

[A16] THE EFFECT OF PROBLEM RECOGNITION, CONSTRAINT RECOGNITION AND 16

[A17] EFFECTIVENESS OF ‘FAST’ STROKE CAMPAIGN FOR FAST STROKE RECOGNITION 17

[A19] FIVE M’s IN MANAGEMENT (MEN, MONEY, MATERIALS, MACHINES, METHOD) 19

[A20] EVALUATION OF THE MOTHER AND CHILD HEALTH (MCH) HANDBOOK: A 20

[A21] PERCEIVED INSUFFICIENT MILK (PIM) AMONG MOTHERS OF 0-6 MONTHS 21

[A22] VENTILATOR ASSOCIATED PNEUMONIA INFECTION CONTROL PROGRAM: THE 22

[A23] DELAY OF ELECTIVE OPERATIONS IN AWAL BROS PANAM PEKANBARU HOSPITAL 23

[A24] DETERMINANTS OF TRADITIONAL, COMPLEMENTARY, AND ALTERNATIVE 24

[A25] FACTORS AFFECTING NURSE TURNOVER IN HOSPITAL: A LITERATURE REVIEW 25

[A26] THE INCIDENCE OF PHLEBITIS AMONG INPATIENT IN THE HOSPITAL: A 26

[A27] THE EFFECTS OF SECTION CAESAREA TO EARLY BREASTFEEDING INITIATION: A 27

[A28] THE IMPLEMENTATION OF LEAN STRATEGY TO ALLEVIATE OVERCROWDING IN 28

[A30] THE CORRELATION BETWEEN COMMUNITY BEHAVIOR IN CONTROLLING 30

[A31] FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH QUALITY OF LIFE AMONG FINAL-YEAR STUDENTS 31

[A32] THE COGNITIVE SCREENING IN CHILDREN UNDER FIVE YEARS OLD IN 32

[A33] THE ROLE OF CLINICAL PATHWAY IN IMPROVING HOSPITALS COST EFFICIENCY 33

[A34] ELECTRONIC CIGARETTE USE AMONG ADOLESCENTS: 34

[A35] THE ASSOCIATION OF UNINTENDED PREGNANCY WITH STUNTING ON CHILDREN 35

[A37] COST AND FINANCIAL ECONOMIC IMPACT IN CATHETER ASSOCIATED URINARY 37

[A38] EFFECT OF TREE MARIGOLD (Tithonia diversifolia (HEMSL.) A. GRAY) LEAVES 38

[A39] EFFECT OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND FAST FOOD CONSUMPTION FREQUENCY ON 39

[A40] INHIBITORY EFFECT OF Sansevieria trifasciata L ON AERIAL PATHOGENIC 40

[A41] DETERMINANTS OF EARLY MARRIAGE AND ITS IMPACT ON MATERNAL AND 41

[A42] SUCROSE AND SWADDLING EFFECTIVELY REDUCE PAIN RESPONSE ON 42

[A43] ANALYSIS OF NUTRITIONAL CONTENT OF TORBANGUN (Coleus amboinicus Lour) 43

[A44] EFFECTIVENESS OF WILLIAM FLEXION EXERCISE TO REDUCE PAIN INTENSITY 44

[A45] FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH MATERNAL KNOWLEDGE ON EXCLUSIVE 45

[A46] ANALYSIS OF FACTORS AFFECTING THE PERFORMANCE OF NURSE IN MUFID 46

[A48] INTEGRATED REHABILITATION PROGRAM FOR PERSONNEL WITH DISABILITIES IN 48

[A49] ANALYSIS IMPLEMENTATION OF BACK REFERRAL PROGRAM DIABETES 49

[A52] ACHIEVEMENT OF COMMUNITY HEALTH CENTER SEEN THROUGH 52

[A53] RELATIONSHIP BEHAVIOR AND CONDITION OF THE HOME EXPOSED TO 53

[A54] FEMALE STUDENTS’ PERCEPTION ON BREAST CANCER DETECTION USING 54

[A55] ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE CONTROL PROGRAM ON THE RATIONAL USE OF 55

[A56] FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH BIRTH SPACING AMONG CHILD MARRIAGE IN 56

[P01] THE MAINTENANCE OF FAMILY TOILET AND DEFECATION BEHAVIOR AFTER 57

[P02] HEALTH CARE PROVIDERS’ ROLE IN IMPLEMENTING UKGS (SCHOOL DENTAL 58

[P04] ERGONOMIC OBSERVATION AS SMALL RISK ASSESSMENT WORKSHOP OF CV 59

[P06] RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE VALUES OF PHYSICAL FITNESS WITH TIME OF 61

[P07] THE NEW ERA OF INDONESIAN NATIONAL HEALTH INSURANCE IN SOUTH 62

[P08] IMPLEMENTATION OF INTEGRATED COUNSELING PROGRAM OF NON- 63

[P11] FACTORS AFFECTING TUBERCULOSIS PATIENTS IN PUBLIC HEALTH CENTER OF 65

[P13] THE EFFECTS OF ONLINE-BASED REVIEWS AND EXERCISES IN NURSING PROCESS 67