15BCL0037 SHUBHAM BAJPAI

CLE3999
TECHNICAL ANSWERS TO THE REAL WORLD PROBLEMS

DIGITAL ASSIGNMENT-2

INISH MISHRA (15BCL0074)

RAHUL KESHARIYAR (15BCL0049)
SHUBHAM BAJPAI (15BCL0037)
SAI KRISHNA ABBURI (15BCL0058)
MANIKANTA (15BCL0322)
KANCHARLA ROHITH (15BCL0060)
MOHAN SAI (15BCL0066)
RAKESH BISHNOI (15BCL0001)
SURAJ PATIL (15BCL0047)
LAKSHMIKANTH (15BCL0187)
15BCL0037 SHUBHAM BAJPAI

DRIP IRRIGATION:LITERATURE
INTRODUCTION
Irrigation is an artificial application of water to the soil through various systems
of tubes, pumps, and sprays.Irrigation is normally used in areas where rainfall is
inconsistent or dry conditions or drought is expected.Drip irrigation is a micro
irrigation method in which the rate of water application is very low and without
any pressure. i.e., drop by drop.Drip irrigation is based on the basic concept of
irrigation only the roots zone of crop , rather than the entire land surface on
which the crop is grow,also known as trickle irrigation or micro irrigation.

APPLICATIONS
Drip irrigation is used by
 farms,
 commercial green houses and residential green houses,
 for cultivation in roof gardens,
 in shopping malls and embankments,
 in steep slopes.

COMPONENTS
The main components of drip irrigation system are
 Water Source
 Pumping system
 Distribution system
 Drip tape (drip tube)
 Injectors
 Filtration system
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Issues with Drip Irrigation Adoption

 High initial costs make the technology unfeasible for small and marginal
farmers.
 Installation of a drip irrigation system requires an initial investment of up
to Rs. 1,25,000 per hectare.
 High emitter clogging rates due to dust and salinity.
 The system requires proper filtration so that dust and other particles do not
block the small emitter holes.
 The process of applying and being approved for the subsidy however is
complex and involves numerous agencies.
 It requires a lot of technical and management skills for setting up and
upkeep.
 Lack of technical support and follow up by the government, private
companies and NGOs may be a hindrance for adoption.
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PROBLEMS FACED IN IRRIGATION

 The major problems faced by farmers in irrigation is resources saving, cost
of cultivation, yield of crops and farm profitability.
 One of the other major problems is scarcity of water for irrigation.
 Labour is the other problem in some of the areas now-a-days.

Water Productivity and Efficiency with Drip Irrigation and

Basin Level Impacts

 Water savings and productivity enhancement as compared to flood

irrigation. Irrigation efficiency can be defined as the crop water
requirement (actual evapotranspiration minus effective precipitation)
divided by the water withdrawn or diverted from a specific surface

 Water Productivity:usually refers to the crop yield per unit of water

applied. It can be calculated by measuring the crop output (in terms of
weight or in monetary terms) divided by the total water used (in m3).