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Physics Project On Logic Gates PDF
Physics Project On Logic Gates PDF
Physics Project On Logic Gates PDF
The Logic Gates are building blocks at digital electronics. They are used in
digital electronics to change on voltage level (input voltage) into another
(output voltage) according to some logical statement relating them.
A logic gate may have one or more inputs, but it has only one output. The
relationship between the possible values of input and output voltage is
expressed in the form of a table called truth table or table of combinations.
Truth table of a Logic Gates is a table that shows all the input and output
possibilities for the logic gate.
There are three types of basic logic gates which follows Boolean
expression.
i) OR gate
The OR gate is a two inputs and one output logic gate. It combing the input
Y=A+B
operation OR operator).
The various possible combinations of the input and output of the OR gate
can be easily understand with the help of the electrical circuit. In this
The AND gate is also a two inputs and one output logic gate. It combines
the input A and B with the output Y following the Boolean expression.
Y = A. B
The various possible combination of the input and outputs of the AND gate
can be easily found with the help of the electrical circuit. Here a series
combination of the switch A and B is connected to a battery and a lump L.
The following conclusions can be easily drawn from the working of
electrical circuit:
a) If both switches A&B are open (A=0, B=0) then lamp will not glow.
(y=0)
b) If Switch A closed & B open (A=1, B=0) then Lamp will not glow.
(y=0)
c) If switch A open & B closed (A=0, B=1) then Lamp will not glow.
(y=0)
d) If switch A & B both closed (A=1, B=1) then Lamp will glow. (y=1)
The NOT gate is a one inputs and one output logic gate. It combines the
input A with the output following the Boolean expression.
Y=A
I.e. Y not equal A. The way, the NOT gate gives the output it is also called
inverter. It is represented by the symbol.
The Boolean algebra, the negative sign (-) is called NOT. The equation Y=
A called Boolean expression.
The possible input and output combination of a NOT gate can be easily
discussed with the help of electrical circuit. Here, the switch is connected in
parallel to the lump of the battery. The following conclusion can be easily
drawn from the working of the electrical circuit.
a) If switch A is open (i.e. A=0), the lump will glow (i.e. Y=1)
b) If Switch A is closed (i.e. A=1), the lump will not glow (Y=0).
It follows that in the given electrical circuit, the lump glows (or output is
obtained), when the switch A is not closed. For this reason, the electrical
circuit is called not gate. The two possible input-output combinations can be
written in the form of the table. It is called truth table of NOT gate.
COMBINATIONS OF GATES
“NOR” GATE
SYMBOL
Or
CIRCUIT
TRUTH TABLE
“NAND” GATE
SYMBOL
Or
CIRCUIT
TRUTH TABLE
“XOR” GATE
SYMBOL
SET UP
TRUTH TABLE