1.

Learning to play a musical instrument often motivates a child to be disciplined and focused, ______ it
can impart a feeling of social worth.
A. because
B. and
C. so
D. moreover

Jawaban : D
Keyword : often motivates
Pembahasan : Kalimat tersebut menunjukkan penyangatan (moreover = terlebih).

2. ______ the bad weather, he still chooses to go by air plane.

A. Although
B. However
C. Despite
D. While

Jawaban : C
Keyword : the bad weather
Pembahasan : Kalimat ini menunjukkan sesuatu yang berlawanan, jadi pilihannya adalah despite.

3. The play performed by Theater EMWE was good, _____ it could have been improved by adding the
sound effects.
A. thus
B. and
C. but if
D. or

Jawaban : C
Keyword : it could have been improved
Pembahasan : Arti kalimat tersebut adalah “Drama yang dimainkan oleh Teater EMWE bagus, _____
dapat diperbaiki dengan menambahkan efek suara.” Jadi kata sambung yang tepat adalah but (tetapi).

4. Yosi continued playing game ______ he heard his mother calling.

A. although
B. as soon as
C. after
D. because

Jawaban : A
Keyword : continued playing; his mother calling
Pembahasan : Kalimat tersebut merupakan kalimat pertentangan sehingga yang tepat adalah although
(meskipun).

5. The concept of lift in aerodynamics refers to the relationship among the increased speed of air over the
top of a wing and the higher pressure of the slower air underneath.

Jawaban : B
Keyword : the relationship among; and
Pembahasan : Karena menunjukkan hubungan di antara dua hal, maka kata sambung yang tepat adalah
between, bukan among.
6. The farmers exterminate rodents in their farmland ______ they damage the crops.
A. if
B. though
C. however
D. as

Jawaban : D
Keyword : exterminate rodents; they damage
Pembahasan : Kalimat di atas berarti “Petani membasmi hewan pengerat di tanah pertanian mereka …
binatang itu merusak tanaman.” Jadi kata sambung yang tepat adalah karena (as), karena pilihan jawaban
yang lain adalah jika (if), meskipun (though), dan akan tetapi (however).

7. ______ the global economy crisis, many labors lost their job.
A. because of
B. because
C. despite
D. in spite of

Jawaban : A
Keyword : the global economy crisis
Pembahasan : Dari kalimat tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa klausa kedua merupakan akibat dari klausa
pertama. Jadi kata yang tepat adalah because of.

8. It is generally considered unwise to give a child ______ he or she wants.

A. that
B. whatever that
C. whatever is it
D. whatever

Jawaban : D
Keyword : to give a child
Pembahasan : Ini adalah contoh kalimat afektif. Karena itu kata sambung yang tepat adalah whatever.

9. Since there are many complaints about the new products, the company _____ the products now.
A. is recalling
B. recalls
C. recalled
D. has recalled

Jawaban : A
Keyword : now
Pembahasan : Penggunaan kata keterangan now menunjukkan bahwa kalimat ini berbentuk present
continous tense. Karena itu jawaban yang menunjukkan tense ini adalah is recalling.

10. Before ______, they used horse-drawn wooden carts.

A. farmers have had tractors
B. tractors owned by farmers
C. having tractors farmers
D. farmers had tractors
Jawaban : D
Keyword : before
Pembahasan : Klausa kedua berbentuk past tense (used), karena itu klausa pertama juga harus berbentuk
past tense yaitu had.

11. Salmon lay their eggs and die in fresh water, although they live in salt water when most of their adults
live.

Jawaban : C
Keyword : in salt water
Pembahasan : Pada kalimat dibutuhkan kata untuk merujuk pada salt water yang merupakan tempat. Kata
untuk merujuk tempat adalah where.

12. The prices of homes are as high in urban are as that most young people cannot afford to buy them.

Jawaban : B
Keyword : that
Pembahasan : Penggunaan that pada kalimat menandakan bahwa sebelumnya terdapat so
untuk membandingkan kata/klausa. Jadi penggunaan as tidak tepat, seharusnya diganti so.

13. Though Pablo Picasso was primarily a painting, he also became a fine sculptor, engraver and ceramist.

Jawaban : C
Keyword : Pablo Picasso was primarily a painting
Pembahasan : Penggunaan painting pada kalimat tidak tepat karena berarti “lukisan” padahal mengacu
pada Pablo Picasso yang merupakan subjek orang. Karena mengacu pada orang, seharusnya yang
digunakan adalah painter (pelukis).

14. Despite of rain or snow there are always more than fifty thousand fans at the OSU football games.

Jawaban : A
Keyword : despite of
Pembahasan : Bentuk despite tidak diikuti of, seharusnya cukup despite.
15. Ships are able to move through canals because locks, rectangular areas with varying water levels.

Jawaban : B
Keyword : because locks
Pembahasan : Pada kalimat, locks, rectangular areas dimaksudkan sebagai frasa kata benda. Karena itu
penggunaan locks tidak tepat, seharusnya locked, menjadi locked rectangular areas.

1. She would like to live in Indonesia, ______ it never snows.

A. when
B. where
C. that
D. which

Jawaban : B
Keyword : Indonesia
Pembahasan : Karena Indonesia adalah nama tempat, kata untuk menggantikan tempat adalah where.
2. The man is an engineer. His wife had a birthday party yesterday.
The best combination of the two sentences is ______.
A. The wife who is an engineer had a birthday party yesterday
B. The wife who had a birthday party yesterday is an engineer
C. The man whose wife had a birthday party yesterday is an engineer
D. The man whose wife is an engineer had a birthday party yesterday

Jawaban : C
Keyword : His wife
Pembahasan : Kata ganti kepunyaan adalah whose. Jadi pilihan yang tepat adalah The man whose wife
had a birthday party yesterday is an engineer.

3. Tari : Why do you admire Mother Teresa so much?

Susi : Don’t you know that she was the woman ______.
A. that she didn’t recognize me
B. who dedicated her life to the poor
C. whom the governor met at the party
D. of which house was very expensive

Jawaban : B
Keyword : the woman
Pembahasan : Kata ganti yang tepat untuk the woman (subjek orang) adalah who.

4. A friend of mine ______ father is the manager of a company helped me to get a job.
A. whose
B. whom
C. which
D. who

Jawaban : A
Keyword : A friend of mine; father
Pembahasan : Kata yang tepat untuk melengkapi kalimat tersebut adalah whose yang berarti “yang
…nya” (yang ayahnya).
5. Eko : “Which is your mother, Lily?”
Lily : “There she is; the one ______ is coming here.”
A. who
B. whom
C. which
D. whose

Jawaban : A
Keyword : she
Pembahasan : Kata the one merujuk pada your mother yang berfungsi sebagai subjek dalam kalimat. Kata
ganti subjek orang adalah who.

6. Mary introduced me to her former lecturer _____ she married after she had graduated.
A. of whom
B. whose
C. of which
D. whom
Jawaban : D
Keyword : her former lecturer; she married
Pembahasan : Kata ganti whom digunakan untuk menggantikan objek orang (her former lecturer).

7. Angiosperms inhabit relatively diverse environments and may be found _____ higher plants can
survive.
A. There
B. Wherever
C. Somewhere
D. Then

Jawaban : B
Keyword : may be found
Pembahasan : Karena mengacu pada diverse environments yang menunjukkan tempat, maka pilihan yang
tepat adalah wherever.

8. _____ hardiness, daylilies can be cultivated particularly easily.

A. Their
B. Since their
C. It is their
D. Because of their

Jawaban : D
Keyword : hardiness
Pembahasan : Karena mengacu pada daylilies yang berbentuk jamak, maka kata ganti yang digunakan
adalah their.

9. The spiral threads of a spider’s web have sticky substance on them _____ insects.
A. Traps
B. Trap its
C. Which traps
D. Which it traps

Jawaban : C
Keyword : sticky substance
Pembahasan : Kata ganti yang dibutuhkan merujuk pada sticky substance. Karena rujukannya adalah
benda, maka kata yang tepat adalah which.

10. The Good Earth, _____ is a novel set in China.

A. Which by Pearl Buck
B. Which was written by Pearl Buck
C. Was written by Pearl Buck
D. Pearl Buck being the one who wrote it

Jawaban : B
Keyword : The Good Earth
Pembahasan : Karena menerangkan The Good Earth yang merupakan judul novel/nama benda, maka
relative pronoun yang digunakan adalah which.

11. State universities bear the name of their state, and its achievements are recognized as state
achievements.

Jawaban : C
Keyword : State universities
Pembahasan : Karena state universities adalah benda jamak, maka penggunaan kata ganti it tidak tepat.
Seharusnya yang digunakan adalah their.

12. The Pilgrims were 102 English emigrants whom, after arriving on the Mayflower, became the
firstEuropean settlers in New England.

Jawaban : A
Keyword : emigrants
Pembahasan : Karena adjective clause pada kalimat tersebut sebagai pengganti subjek untuk orang, maka
seharusnya yang digunakan adalah who, bukan whom.

13. When them strike, the cobras raise themselves high above the ground on their tails and then fall
forward.

Jawaban : A
Keyword : when them strike
Pembahasan : Kata ganti yang diperlukan pada kalimat ini seharusnya kata ganti untuk subjek. Jadi them
tidak tepat karena merupakan kata ganti untuk objek. Seharusnya yang digunakan adalah they.

14. Quasars, which relatively small objects, emit an enormous amount of energy.

Jawaban : A
Keyword : which relatively
Pembahasan : Karena adjective clause harus dalam bentuk klausa, seharusnya which are relatively.

15. The philanthropist did not feel sad when he donated his only to the museum.

Jawaban : D
Keyword : his only to the museum
Pembahasan : Possessive adjective harus diikuti noun. Jadi pilihan yang mungkin adalah his only money
Condition center
1. If the students _____ late to submit the scholarship application to the board, they will not be listed as
candidates.
A. be
B. are
C. were
D. have

Jawaban : B
Keyword :will not be listed
Pembahasan : Kalimat ini merupakan kalimat conditional atau pengandaian tipe 1 karena ada kata if dan
will + V1. Jadi jawaban yang tepat adalah are karena tense-nya present.

2. If your brother ______ here, he ______ us with this works.

A. is - would help
 B. was - will help
C. were - will help
D. were - would help

Jawaban : D
Keyword :If
Pembahasan : Pasangan yang tepat untuk melengkapi kalimat tersebut adalah pilihan D karena sesuai
dengan pola pengandaian tipe 2.

3. Aldo : Did you attend the meeting last Monday?

Fery : I would if I had been invited.
The underlined utterance means ______.
A. Fery didn’t attend the meeting
B. Fery plans to attend the meeting
C. Fery knew about the meeting and he attended the meeting
D. Fery was not invited to the meeting but he came

Jawaban : A
Keyword :I would if I had been invited
Pembahasan : Kalimat pada jawaban berarti “Saya mungkin akan datang jika diundang.” Jadi Fery tidak
datang pada pertemuan itu (Fery didn’t attend the meeting).

4. You _____ the job if you were not late to the interview.
A. would get
B. would be gotten
C. would have gotten
D. would have been gotten

Jawaban : A
Keyword :were not late
Pembahasan : Kalimat ini adalah kalimat pengandaian tipe 2. Polanya adalah If S + V2, S + would + V1.

5. We would get the tickets, ______

A. Weren’t there so much rush at the cinema
B. Because there were so much rush at the cinema
C. There were not so much rush at the cinema
D. Although there were so much rush at the cinema

Jawaban : D
Keyword :would get
Pembahasan : Kalimat ini adalah kalimat pengandaian tipe 2. Polanya adalah If S + V2, S + would + V1.

6. Fortunately you assisted to push the car. If you hadn’t helped him, he ______ with you.
A. will get angry
B. would have gotten angry
C. should angry
D. would get angry

Jawaban : B
Keyword :hadn’t helped
Pembahasan : Kalimat ini adalah kalimat pengandaian tipe 3. Polanya adalah If S + had + V3, S + would
+ have + V3.

7. If Rani were not busy at the moment, she would go out with me, said Maria.
From Maria’s utterance we know that Rani ______ with her.
A. goes
B. went
C. didn’t go
D. doesn’t go

Jawaban : D
Keyword :would go
Pembahasan : Pernyataan tipe 2 jika dijadikan kenyataan berubah menjadi kalimat dengan menggunakan
bentuk present tense, dan jika kalimatnya positif berubah menjadi negatif dan sebaliknya.

8. ______ her shyness, she would have become a great teacher.

A. She had overcome
B. If had she overcome
C. If she overcame
D. If she would overcome

Jawaban : B
Keyword :would have become
Pembahasan : Kalimat ini adalah pengandaian tipe 3. Polanya adalah If S + had + V3, S + would + have
+ V3.

9. If we don’t hurry, the meeting ______ by the time we get there.

A. would have started
B. will have started
C. will be started
D. will start

Jawaban : D
Keyword :don’t hurry
Pembahasan : Kalimat ini adalah pengandaian tipe 1. Polanya adalah If + S + V1, S + will + V1.

10. If I had a lot of time, I would study German.

From this sentence we know that _____.
A. I have a lot of time, so I study German
B. I studied German because I had a lot of time
C. I want to study German because I have a lot of time
D. I would like to study German, but I don’t have much time

Jawaban : D
Keyword :If I had a lot of time, I would study German
Pembahasan : Kalimat ini adalah kalimat pengandaian tipe 2, yang subjeknya tidak mempunyai
kemungkinan untuk mencapai tujuan pengandaiannya. Jadi kita dapat menyimpulkan bahwa I would like
to study German, but I don’t have much time.

11. If studied more, he would have been able to pass the exam.
Jawaban : A
Keyword :If studied
Pembahasan : Kalimat dengan if di sini belum mempunyai subjek. Selain itu dari bentuknya kita dapat
menyimpulkan bahwa ini adalah pengandaian tipe 3. Polanya adalah If S + had + V3, S + would + have +
V3. Jadi studied seharusnya diganti he had studied.

12. If the United States had not entered the Second World War, probably the 1940 unemployment rate of
14% would rise still further.

Jawaban : D
Keyword :had not entered
Pembahasan : Kalimat ini adalah pengandaian tipe 3. Polanya adalah If S + had + V3, S + would + have
+ V3. Jadi would rise seharusnya diganti would have risen.

13. George would certainly have attended the proceedings were he not had a flat tire.

Jawaban : C
Keyword :would certainly have attended
Pembahasan : Karena kalimat ini merupakan pengandaian tipe 3 dengan menghilangkan if, maka
penggunaan were tidak tepat. Seharusnya digunakan had.