DIY IR Sensor Module Circuit Diagram

10/9/2017 DIY IR Sensor Module Circuit Diagram
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IR Sensor Module Circuit (/electronic-circuits/ir-sensor-circuit-diagram)

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Infrared Sensor Module Circuit Diagram
Sensors are very important part of electronics, especially in Robotics (http://circuitdigest.com/robotics-projects) and Automations. Sensors in electronic
devices make our life easy by automatically sense and control the devices, without human interaction. There are many kinds of sensors like Fire sensor,
humidity sensor, motion sensor, temperature sensor, IR sensor etc. In this article, we will explain about IR sensor (Infrared sensor), how it works and how
to build an IR sensor Module.
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IR sensor is very popular sensor, which is used in many applications in electronics, like it is used in Remote control system, motion detector, Product
counter (http://circuitdigest.com/electronic-circuits/object-counter-circuit-diagram), Line follower Robots (http://circuitdigest.com/microcontroller-
projects/line-follower-robot-using-arduino), Alarms etc.
IR sensor basically consist an IR LED and a Photodiode, this pair is generally called IR pair or Photo coupler. IR sensor work on the principal in which IR
LED emits IR radiation and Photodiode sense that IR radiation. Photodiode resistance changes according to the amount of IR radiation falling on it, hence
the voltage drop across it also changes and by using the voltage comparator (like LM358) we can sense the voltage change and generate the output
accordingly.
The placing of IR LED and Photodiode can be done in two ways: Direct and Indirect. In Direct incidence, IR LED and photodiode are kept in front of one
another, so that IR radiation can directly falls on photodiode. If we place any object between them, then it stops the falling of IR light on photodiode.
https://circuitdigest.com/electronic-circuits/ir-sensor-circuit-diagram 1/9
And in Indirect Incidence, both the IR LED and Photo diode are placed in parallel (side by side), facing both in same direction. In that fashion, when a
object is kept in front of IR pair, the IR light gets re ected by the object and gets absorbed by photodiode. Note that object shouldn’t be black as it will
absorb all the IR light, instead of re ect. Generally IR pair is placed in this fashion in IR sensor Module.
To build an IR module, we mainly need IR pair (IR LED and Photodiode) and LM358 (http://circuitdigest.com/lm358-circuits) with some resistors and a
LED.
IR LED
IR LED emits light, in the range of Infrared frequency. IR light is invisible to us as its wavelength (700nm – 1mm) is much higher than the visible light
range. Everything which produce heat, emits infrared like for example our human body. Infrared have the same properties as visible light, like it can be
focused, re ected and polarised like visible light.
IR LED looks like a normal LED and also operates like a normal LED, it consumes 20mA current and 3vots power. IR LEDs have light emitting angle of
approx. 20-60 degree and range of approx. few centimetres to several feets, it depends upon the type of IR transmitter and the manufacturer. Some
transmitters have the range in kilometres.
PhotoDiode
Photodiode is considered as Light dependent Resistor (LDR), means it has very High resistance in absence of light and become low when light falls on it.
Photodiode is a semiconductor which has a P-N junction, operated in Reverse Bias, means it start conducting the current in reverse direction when Light
falls on it, and the amount of current ow is proportional to the amount of Light. This property makes it useful for IR detection.
Photodiode looks like a LED, with a Black colour coating on its outer side. It is used in reversed biased, as showed in circuit diagram below.
LM358
LM358 is an operational ampli er (Op-Amp) and in this circuit we are using it as a voltage comparator. The LM358 has two independent voltage
comparators inside it, which can be powered by single PIN, so we can use the single IC to build two IR sensor modules. We have used only one
comparator here, which have inputs at PIN 2 & 3 and output at PIN 1. Voltage comparator has two inputs, one is inverting input and second is non-
inverting input (PIN 2 and 3 in LM358). When voltage at non-inverting input (+) is higher than the voltage at inverting input (-), then the output of
comparator (PIN 1) is High. And if the voltage of inverting input (-) is Higher than non-inverting end (+), then output is LOW.
IR sensor Module
Components
IR pair (IR LED and Photodiode)

IC LM358
Resistor 100, 10k, 330 ohm
Variable resistor – 10k
LED
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You can see the connections in the IR sensor circuit diagram. Photo diode is connected in reverse bias, inverting end of LM358 (PIN 2) is connected to
the variable resistor, to adjust the sensitivity of the sensor. And non-inverting end (PIN 3) is connected to the junction of photodiode and a resistor.
When we turn ON the circuit there is no IR radiation towards photodiode and the Output of the comparator is LOW. When we take some object (not black)
in front of IR pair, then IR emitted by IR LED is re ected by the object and absorbed by the photodiode. Now when re ected IR Falls on Photodiode, the
voltage across photodiode drops, and the voltage across series resistor R2 increases. When the voltage at Resistor R2 (which is connected to the non-
inverting end of comparator) gets higher than the voltage at inverting end, then the output becomes HIGH and LED turns ON.
Voltage at inverting end, which is also called Threshold Voltage, can be set by rotating the variable resistor’s knob. Higher the voltage at inverting end (-),
less sensitive the sensor and Lower the voltage at inverting end (-), more sensitive the sensor.
This whole circuit can be placed on PCB (http://circuitdigest.com/article/how-to-make-a-pcb-at-home) to build a proper professional IR sensor Module.
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DIY IR Sensor Module
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Comments (28)
reply (/comment/reply/210/3538)
KATTENS
waow ..this is good information about IR . I have been searching for something like this
Jun 17, 2016
Johnny V
Hello. What is the best material to use as a re ector? Could a normal marble be used for example?
Jul 16, 2016
prabu
Super
Aug 22, 2016
ali
plz..tell me what should be the setting value for variable resistor in this circuit....
plz help me in this
l
Sep 12, 2016
Abhishek (/users/abhishek)
You can adjust it according to the sensitivity you need. Sensitivity means, from how far it should detect the object.
Oct 06, 2016
(/users/abhishek)
Marie
I tried making one but it wasn't working. At certain value of my potentiometer, the LED output is HIGH and becomes LOW when detects an
obstacle. What could be the problem? I used all components just similar to yours. Thank you.
Oct 14, 2016
Arthur Petitjean
I tried making one but it wasn't working. At certain value of my potentiometer, the LED output is HIGH and becomes LOW when detects an
obstacle. What could be the problem? I used all components just similar to yours. Thank you.
Dec 17, 2016
S.M. Bakhtiar
DEAR CONCERN,
EXCELLENT TUTORIAL.
FINALLY I SUCCESSFULLY ASSEMBLED THE PROJECT
THANKS A LOT ALL OF YOU AND YOUR FAMILY
Dec 13, 2016
Maddy (/users/maddy)
Thanks S.M. Bakhtiar!
Jan 28, 2017
(/users/maddy)
Yameenah
Thanks alot... It help us great deal ..
Jan 30, 2017
ilman
can this be used in arduino
Feb 18, 2017
alan
thank you for the circuit and design part.
Feb 26, 2017
Praveen T
what is the function 330ohm resistor here
Feb 26, 2017
Maddy (/users/maddy)
Its just a current limiting resistor for LED.
Feb 27, 2017
(/users/maddy)
brian
I am currently living in the Philippines and wantedto do a laser tag set up for the neighbor kids. I have a basic knowledge of electronics but do
not know how to form the necessary circuitry to both send ir and detect ir to make the plastic guns work. Can you point the way? No need to
reinvent the wheel if someone has done this already.
Mar 06, 2017
omar
hello my circuit is not working just led is on but I can not do any measurement
Mar 21, 2017
Bian
This circuit working well but distace of re ection still short, help me to get solution that can make distace of IR LED can longer and re ect more
far of distance (ex: 1 meter). I need your help, I wait your reply by email.Thx.
May 19, 2017
rashid
is that output pin connected to arduino's digital pin?
Jun 08, 2017
Mohammad Hussein
Hi,
I really do appreciate your job!!!
you helped me a lot! Thanks
Aug 22, 2017
Mohammad Hussein
Hey there,
I think that this sensor has a limited sensibility, am i right?
if yes how can i increase it?
Aug 23, 2017
B.Aswinth Raj (/users/baswinth-raj)
What do you mean by sensibility here?
If you are talking about the range, then sorry nothing much can be done to improve it.
(/users/baswinth- Aug 23, 2017
raj)
Sandipan patra
Your circuit is superb . But it detection range is small. How I increase it's range. I mean how I make long range IR module circuit ? Please say.
I am waiting for your email .
Sep 13, 2017
The range of the IR sensor can be controlled by changing the reference voltage of the op-amp. In this circuit, the potentiometer can be
varied to change the reference voltage.
(/users/baswinth- Sep 14, 2017
raj)
kk
what is distance can measred
Sep 30, 2017
Hritika
Could you please explain me what is the need of ground this circuit.
Sep 14, 2017
Hi Hritika,
Its not just this circuit, every circuit will need a ground. As we know current always ows from positive to negative, this negative potential
(/users/baswinth- is usually referred as ground.
raj) Sep 14, 2017
Ryuzaki
Hi, can i use a 9v batt here or should i use Lm7805 to decrease my 9v batt to 5v?
Sep 28, 2017
anonymous
-Is the operational ampli er inverting or non inverting?
-Would another model of Operational ampli ers work as well? If so which do you recommend. Does the TL084CD work too?
-Where would be best to obtain these elements?
Oct 04, 2017
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10/9/2017 DIY IR Sensor Module Circuit Diagram

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IR Sensor Module Circuit (/electronic-circuits/ir-sensor-circuit-diagram)

Infrared Sensor Module Circuit Diagram

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IR pair (IR LED and Photodiode)

Download PDF File

Free DWG Viewer

Cheap PCB prototype -

Free Practice Tests

Fall 2017 Trends

DIY IR Sensor Module

Recommended Electronics Engineering Websites:

circuitdigest.com circuitdigest.com circuitdigest.com circuitdigest.com

Add new comment (/electronic-circuits/ir-sensor-circuit-diagram#comment-form)

No HTML tags allowed.

Universal IR Remote Control using Arduino and Android App (/microcontroller-projects/universal-ir-remote-control-using-arduino-android)

+12V and -12V Dual Power Supply Circuit (/electronic-circuits/12v-dual-power-supply-circuit)

Obstacle Avoiding Robot using PIC Microcontroller (/microcontroller-projects/obstacle-avoiding-robot-using-pic16f877a)

Interfacing Flex Sensor with Raspberry Pi using ADC0804 (/microcontroller-projects/raspberry-pi- ex-sensor)

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