Digital Interfacing

1. What is digital interfacing? Differentiate between analog & digital

interfacing.
Answer:
Digital Interfacing: A digital interface is the medium through which humans
interact with computers (digital devices). It provides a way to facilitate the movement of
data between computer and peripheral devices.

2. Describe the methods of PDT with relevant figures.

3. Define & classify Handshaking. Why it is required?
4. Describe the implementation of 8255 handshaking with operational modes.
5. Design a control word register for 8255.
6. Explain Mode Set & Bit Set Control word for the following inputs.
11010111, 11100010
7. Name the basic steps of interfacing a µP to a keyboard.
8. Briefly describe software keyboard interfacing with necessary figure.
9. Why hardware interfacing with keyboard is used? Explain it.
10. Write short notes on the following.
a. Hall Effect Key switches
b. Capacitive Key switches
c. 2-key Rollover
d. Seven Segment Display
11. Define SCSI. Explain the phases of SCSI.
12. Convert the following binary data from serial to parallel/parallel to serial.
10111001, 11011010
13. Differentiate between serial & parallel interfacing.
14. Explain different types of transmission modes with figures.
15. How can we ensure different equipment of different manufacturer will operate
correctly? Draw RS232/V24 standard D-type connection circuit.

Analog Interfacing

16. Define OP-Amp. Why an amplifier is called OP-Amp? Write down some basic
characteristics of OP-Amp.
17. Differentiate between inverting & non-inverting OP-Amp.
18. What is voltage gain? Explain open & closed loop voltage gain.
19. Write short notes on the following.
a. OP-Amp as comparator
b. Adder Amplifier
20. Mathematical Problems.
21. What is sensor? Explain some characteristics of sensor.
22. What is light sensor? Explain the mechanism of Photodiode.
23. Define Thermocouples? Explain the mechanism & problems of thermocouples.
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 24. How to measure force or weight? Explain the concepts of Strain Gages.
25. How to measure flow rate? Explain the mechanism of ‘Paddle Wheel’.

Direct Memory Access (DMA)

26. What is DMA & DMAC? Write down advantages & disadvantages of DMAC.
27. Briefly explain the mechanism of DMAC along with circuit diagram.

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