Machine Visi n

Lecture # 11: Fundamentals of DIP

(Point Operations)
Bonus Marks: 10, 8, 31

Muhammad Rzi Abbas Department of Mechatronics and Control Engineering

muhammadrziabbas@uet.edu.pk
Lecturer, Mechatronics Dept.
University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore
Point Operations
Point Operations
• Addition
• Using the fact that for stationary images noise is not stationary, if
we average out multiple images then we can considerably reduce
the noise
• There are two basic assumptions for this to work
• The noise in successive images is uncorrelated
• The noise has a zero mean value
• Bear this in mind that addition of images is treated exactly as
addition of two matrices
Point Operations
• Addition
Point Operations
• Subtraction
• Pixel values of two images are subtracted on point-by-point basis
• This operation is useful in eliminating a known pattern of
superimposed noise and also is widely used in motion detection
applications
• For motion detection, after subtraction, stationary objects cancel
each other while moving objects are highlighted
• The process of subtracting uninterested background from the
foreground is called Background Subtraction
Point Operations
• Subtraction
Image after
moving one
Original Image
coin

Image after subtracting

second image from
the original image
References
• Machine Vision by David Vernon, Published in 1991
• Chapter 4 (Sections up to 4.1)
• Digital Image Processing by Rafael C. Gonzalez and Richard E. Woods,
3rd Edition.
• Chapter 3 (Section 3.2.3 and 3.2.4)
• Image Processing, Analysis and Machine Vision by Milan Sonka,
Vaclav Hlavac and Roger Boyle, 3rd Edition, 2008.
• Chapter 5 (Section 5.1)