(al) Definite Particle La 35 > -J! The definite particle J! is prefixed to an ism which is is (indefinite) and it causes it to become % + (definite), and it also causes the tanween at the end to be dropped. The definite particle (al) corresponds to the English ‘the’ This is a doctor. Cub ia The doctor is sitting, Us Cbs The Arabic alphabet consists of 28 letters. Of these 14 are called Solar Letters “Hcl! BY, and the other 14 are called Lunar Letters Endl OY Bi In the articulation of the Solar Letters the tip or the blade of the tongue is involved in the pronunciation. The tip or the blade of the tongue does not play any part in the articulation of the Lunar Letters, (refer to lesson 3, pg.19 Madinah bk.1). When dis prefixed to an ism beginning with a Solar Letter the lam of ‘al’ is not pronounced but is written, and the first letter of the ism takes a shaddah —. For example, {= (ash-shamsu). When US! is prefixed to an ism beginning with a Lunar Leiter the laam of ‘al’ is pronounced and written. For example, =! (al-qamaru). * the Connecting Hamzah. If it is not preceded by a word it will be In the definite particle J! (al) the | (a) is known as 2%!pronounced with the vowel marking ~ (fathah). If it is preceded by a word it is dropped in pronunciation, though remains in writing. ‘The student is sitting and the Lady (0015 St teacher is standing, (wa [-mudarrisu...). JV atoll is a beneficial sentence ( ), and it is made up of 2 parts known as ‘7! {424 (al-mubtada wa l-khabar). (1) G2Ni is fom the Arabic word :!4) meaning the beginning or starting, and from its origin is that it comes at the beginning of the sentence. \ is an ism that is the subject of talk or discussion. at @ tes £55;4 (marfoo’) meaning it takes a dhammah or dhammataan on the last letter of the ism. in its "(Col (origin) precedes ‘Ss (the khabar). in its “(Cel (origin) is 3x4 (definite), 10completes a benefit with (3) “al in its “Lot (origin) is 3.5% (indefinite) (4) {all is £54 (marfoo") meaning it takes a dhammah or dhammataan on the last letter of the ism. The mosque isnear, U3 3 entail J