History of ITDP

Founded in 1985, the Institute for Transportation and Development Policy (ITDP) has become a leading
organization in the promotion of environmentally sustainable and equitable transportation policies and
projects worldwide. ITDP was created by sustainable transport advocates in the U.S. to counteract the export
to developing countries of costly and environmentally damaging models of dependence on the private
automobile. In its first ten years, ITDP successfully advocated for the redirection of lending activity by the
World Bank and other multi-lateral institutions away from an exclusive focus on road projects and toward
more multi-modal transport solutions.
In more recent years, we have focused on working with municipalities and non-governmental organizations in
developing countries to implement projects that demonstrate how transport emissions and accidents can be
reduced, or how the basic mobility of the poor can be improved. ITDP’s primary programs include the
development of bus rapid transit (BRT) systems, promoting the use of Transit-oriented Development (TOD),
and planning facilities for bicycles and pedestrians. Further programs include traffic demand management
(TDM), parking regulations, and the revitalization of city centers. Below is a brief history of ITDP and how our
work has developed.

2016
Global communities take note of successful projects. The Yichang BRT wins the ADB Best Performing Project
and the Sustainable Transport Award, Chennai’s NMT Policy and pedestrian projects earn it the international
Sustainia Award, and several cities join India’s Smart Cities initiative to invest in sustainable infrastructure for
rapidly growing regions.

2015
ITDP celebrates our 30th year advancing sustainable transport and livable cities. ITDP has worked in over 100
cities in more than 35 countries, improving quality of life for millions.
ITDP welcomes new CEO Clayton Lane. In addition, ITDP is instrumental is bringing car-free days to Chennai
and Coimbatore, India, and Vision Zero to Mexico City. New ITDP-led BRT systems in Yichang, China and Pune,
India receive regional and international acclaim. In two of the most critical, high-level agreements, the
Sustainable Development Goals and the Paris Climate Summit, advocacy by ITDP and our partners help cities,
transport, and people achieved unprecedented recognition.
2014
In Brazil, Rio de Janeiro’s Transcarioca is awarded a BRT Standard Gold rating. Two additional gold-standard
corridors open in Belo Horizonte. ITDP releases an updated version of the BRT Standard in 2014, refining and
improving details on evaluating best practices.
Chennai adopts India’s first NMT policy, guaranteeing that 60% of the city’s budget be dedicated to walking
and cycling initiatives. Rio de Janeiro saw the delivery of 380 km of cycling and walking infrastructure, and Belo
Horizonte made significant progress toward its 100km goal. São Paulo also gained an impressive 400km of
pedestrian and cycling. Lanzhou, China launched a new bike share, complementing the city’s recently opened
BRT corridor.

2013
Buenos Aires, Argentina, expands its BRT along the world’s widest avenue, 9 de Julio. In Mexico City, Line 5 of
the Metrobús BRT is the first corridor in the country to feature a complete street model, integrating green
space, pedestrian and cycling-friendly measures.
ITDP releases updated BRT and TOD Standards, as well as a Bike-Share Planning Guide. The BRT and TOD
Standards define and refine best practices, and provide metrics for evaluation of specific projects. The Bike-
Share Planning Guide tracks the growing bike-share trend and evaluates key aspects for creating successful
systems moving forward.

2012
ITDP releases the BRT Standard, the first tool of its kind to clearly define the essential features of Bus Rapid
Transit (BRT). Rio de Janeiro opens its first true BRT corridor, TransOeste, which scores a gold ranking on the
BRT Standard. The Lanzhou BRT opens in December, and is Asia’s second-highest capacity BRT system, after
Guangzhou. Mexico City’s Metrobus opens its forth corridor this year, notable for its path through the historic
center.
At the Rio+ 20 Summit, ITDP and our partners are instrumental in winning a commitment from the eight
largest multilateral development banks to direct $175 billion to sustainable transport over the next decade.

2011
ITDP launches Our Cities Ourselves, a visioning, exhibition, and design program to help cities plan more
sustainable transportation. 2011 sees OCO programs in cities around the world, including New York City,
Mexico City, Buenos Aires, Ahmedabad, Johannesburg, Rio de Janeiro and Guangzhou.
Buenos Aires opens its first line of BRT in May, with 12 km of dedicated lanes. The city also constructs more
than 40 kilometers of bike lanes and opens a bike share system. In India, the Ahmedabad BRT grows to 50
kilometers with over 130,000 passengers per day.

2010
In our 25th year, ITDP realizes a major goal in establishing a world class Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) system in each
region where we work. On February 21, Guangzhou, China opens a 22.5km (14-mile) BRT. It is the first BRT to
directly connect to a metro system, the first BRT system in China to include bike parking, and has the world’s
highest number of passengers, highest bus frequency, and the longest BRT stations. ITDP serves as the lead
technical advisor to the city.
In non-motorized transit, Mexico City’s Ecobici bike-share system opens as the largest in Latin America, initially
attracting 10,000 users and more than 2,000 trips daily.

2009
Ahmedabad’s Janmarg (‘The People’s Way’ in Hindi), BRT system opens. ITDP serves as a lead technical advisor
to the city in developing the system. It is the first BRT integrated system in India. Rea Vaya BRT opens in
Johannesburg, South Africa after a two-year planning and construction process. This innovative BRT connects
the township of Soweto to the central business district, becoming the first real public transit system
implemented since the end of apartheid. ITDP, together with local authorities, begins working with taxi
operators to help transform the industry and launch BRT operating companies.
2008
Amidst global financial concerns, investment in public transportation holds steady. Cities around the world
commit to building BRT, bike lanes, and affordable, efficient housing. Plans to add bike lanes on major roads
are advanced in Mexico City, Guadalajara, Harbin, Delhi, São Paulo, and Bogotá.
Ridership on TransJakarta increases to over 120,00 riders per day, and approximately 97 kilometers (60.3
miles).

2007
ITDP releases the BRT Guide, providing detailed support and guidance on the creation of high quality BRTs.
The guide is translated into Portuguese, Spanish, and Chinese for international use. TransJakarta opens five
new lines, dramatically increasing access and ridership through the city. Ahmedabad begins construction on
the eagerly anticipated Janmarg BRT system.

2006
With a renewed focus on city center revitalization, ITDP begins work with Sao Paulo and Mexico city to protect
their Historic Centers through pedestrianization and traffic control.
ITDP co-sponsors a conference with the National Urban Development Ministry in India, which leads to a new
urban transport policy and qualifies BRT projects for government funding. This results in the approval of new
BRT systems in Pune, Indore, Jaipur, and Bhopal.
2005
Bogotá, Colombia win the first ever Sustainable Transport Award, recognizing leadership and vision in
sustainable transportation and urban livability. Bogotá continues to serve as a model for BRT implementation,
bike path integration, and the establishment of public space. As TransJakarta expands, it more than triples its
ridership, from an average of 30,000 passengers in its first year to nearly 100,000 by the end of 2005. ITDP
research examines the link between transportation and healthcare in rural Africa.

2004
In January, Jakarta, Indonesia unveils Asia’s first Bogotá-inspired BRT system built outside of Latin America,
TransJakarta. ITDP is a key technical advisor on the project. Implemented in an unprecedented 9 months,
TransJakarta has new, enclosed stations, pre-paid ticketing, high levels of security, and comfortable, air-
conditioned buses, revolutionizing perceptions of bus-based travel in the country.

2003
As ITDP continues to grow and diversify program areas, progress is achieved on multiple issues around the
world. BRT work begins in Cape Town; a pilot Traffic Demand Management project is implemented in Sao
Paulo; Yogyakarta, Indonesia pedestrianizes the important commercial and cultural street, Malioboro Avenue;
thousands of low-cost ‘California Bikes’ are brought to Senegal, Ghana, and South Africa; and brownfield
cleanup and redevelopment continues in the Czech cities of Plzen, Sternberk, Olomouc and Brno.
2002
ITDP grows presence in Asia, working with the cities of Guangzhou, China, and Jakarta, Indonesia, to develop
BRT systems and funded in part by a United States Agency for International Development grant.
ITDP launches the California Bike Coalition, an initiative to bring a high quality and affordable bicycles to rural
households in Africa. In global policy, ITDP has achieved significant progress in our goal to shift the World
Bank’s Urban Transport Policy toward giving priority to non-motorized transport and improving public transit.

2001
TransMilenio continues to expand and improve, moving approximately 550,000 people per day in its first year,
making it the world’s busiest BRT system. Building off TransMilenio’s success, ITDP sponsors and organizes
workshops and presentations on Bus Rapid Transit in over 15 cities, winning support for BRT projects in many
and laying the groundwork for future projects. ITDP begins work replicating the success of the cycle rickshaw
project in Yogyakarta, Indonesia, and implementing pedestrian projects in Guangzhou, China.

2000
Bogotá, Colombia opens the progressive TransMilenio BRT system, created and developed by then-Mayor
Enrique Peñalosa and influenced by ITDP papers. It inspires the spread of BRT globally and catalyzes ITDP’s
work in promoting and providing technical support for BRT projects. ITDP’s Indian Cycle Rickshaw
Modernization Project successfully completes its mission, with more than 8000 modern cycle rickshaws
improving lives across India. ITDP provides technical support to several institutions in Central and Eastern
Europe to guide growth toward denser, mixed land use developments.
1998
In 1998, ITDP coordinates the second General Assembly in Manila for Sustainable Transport Action Network
for Asia and Pacific (SUSTRAN), a network of organizations dedicated to transport policies and investments
that foster social equity, ecological sustainability, health, and safety. This conference initiates sustainable
transport campaigns in Jakarta, Manila, New Delhi, Penang, and Calcutta.
ITDP launches Afribike in South Africa, which helps distribute hundreds of bikes to poor communities and
healthcare workers.

1997
ITDP leads efforts to refocus guidelines of the Global Environmental Facility (GEF) transport program, opening
up millions of dollars for BRT and non-motorized transport projects around the world.

1996
ITDP chairs a transport caucus at UN Habitat II in Istanbul, Turkey in June. Habitat II focus on the dual
objectives of adequate shelter for all and sustainable cities. UN Habitat II also marks the first time official
dialogue sessions with NGOs, including ITDP, are incorporated into the conference. ITDP Executive Director
Walter Hook is the primary dissident to World Bank paper, ‘Sustainable Transport’ which focuses on
privatization as solution to poor quality transit and ignores motorization as an issue.
1995
ITDP’s review of a European Investment Bank (EIB) highway in Hungary helps initiate efforts to make EIB more
accountable.

1993
The Transportation Alternatives program, which works on multilateral policy reform, is launched. ITDP and
allies, including the EPA, Friends of the Earth, and IIEC, convince the US Treasury to call on the World Bank to
draft a formal transport policy consistent with environmental and poverty alleviation goals.
ITDP establishes the ‘Laboratwa Esperance’ at the Albert Schweitzer Hospital in Deschapelles, Haiti. The facility
trains local people to assemble, repair, design, and fabricate non-motorized vehicles for use in the hospital
and community organizations in the area.

1991
ITDP writes a seminal paper, Non-Motorized Vehicles in Asian Cities, for the World Bank’s Asia Transport
Sector Study, identifying strategies to protect and strengthen cycling in modernizing cities.

1990
ITDP helps establish the Campaign for New Transportation Priorities (CNTP). CNTP is a coalition of 37
environmental, labor and citizen groups from across the United States working toward efficiency and
environmental priorities in domestic transportation policies. ITDP & CNTP draft four transportation policy
papers that play a key role in the creation of the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act (ISTEA), a
bill that passes in 1991.
1989
ITDP reaches its goal of sending over 10,000 bicycles to Nicaragua, which are used to finance a new local
bicycle assembly industry there. ITDP wins budget language in the U.S. Congress that helps spur U.S. bicycle
programs, including convincing the Peace Corps to put its volunteers on bicycles rather than motorcycles.

1986
ITDP releases a seminal paper by Michael Replogle entitled ‘Sustainable Transport’, which laid out the
fundamental principles of ITDP.
ITDP organizes a new task force on non-motorized transportation in developing countries under the
sponsorship of the Transportation Research Board of the U.S. National Academy of Sciences. Organizing
annual meetings dedicated to promoting innovation and progress in transportation through research, this new
task force soon grows into a full committee with a unique emphasis on integrating the economic, social, and
environmental issues of the developing world into transportation planning.

1985
The Institute for Transportation & Development Policy (ITDP) is founded as an umbrella organization for
several worldwide peace and development initiatives and advocacy efforts. ITDP’s largest campaign is Bikes
Not Bombs, a movement begun in 1984 to send bicycles to health and education efforts in Nicaragua. The first
shipment of several hundred bikes arrives in Nicaragua during the war with the Contra guerillas.