WORLD LITERATURE
apprehension and comprehension
Literature – from Latin word ‘LITERA’ w/c means
acquaintance w/ letters
a) body of literary production containing
imaginative language
b) provides insights and intellectual stimulation;
discovers beauty of language
c) product of culture; creation of human
experience
d) art that reflects works of imagination,
aesthetics and creative writing
Literary Approaches
Literary Standards
a) Universality – it appeals to everyone
regardless of diversity
b) Artistry – has an aesthetic appeal and
beauty
c) Intellectual Value – stimulates critical
thinking
d) Suggestiveness – how man defines
symbolisms, images and implied meanings
e) Spiritual Value – elevates spirit and soul
f) Permanence – timeliness: occurring at
particular time, timelessness: remains
invariable throughout time
g) Style – ways on how man sees life
evidenced by the formation of ideas
Literary Models
a) Cultural Model – understand and
appreciate culture diff from one another
b) Language Model – promotes language
development
c) Personal Growth Model – achieve lasting
pleasure and satisfaction
Classification of Literature
a) Structure
a. Fiction – work of imaginative
narration
b. Non Fiction – literary work of real life
narration; based on history and facts
b) Form
a. Prose – common flow of language in
sentences and paragraph; everyday
speech patterns
b. Poetry – verse, measure, rhythm,
sound, imaginative language
c) Genre
a. Fiction – imaginative recreation of
life; world of objective reality –
human actions & experience; world
of subjective reality – human
b. Poetry – patterned form of
expression of ideas in imaginative
and rhythmical terms
c. Essay – tentative exploration or
evaluation of a subject that explains
viewpoint
d. Drama – story told in dialogue and
action with intention of eventual
performance
a) Formalistic or Literary Approach – literature is
viewed intrinsically independent of author,
age; based on “literary elements”
b) Moral or Humanistic Approach – discuss
man and nature; man is rational and
intellect; close to “morality”
c) Historical Approach – reflection and
product of time w/c when it was written;
literature is understood more if one knows
the time of its creation
d) Sociological Approach – expression of a
man w/in a given social situation; man is
divided into haves and not haves –
proletarian approach; highlights social
relevance and commitment
e) Cultural Approach – manifestation of one’s
culture; what goes under culture; reciprocal
function b/w culture and literature; richest
way to arrive at one’s culture and
appreciate literature
f) Psychological Approach – expression of
personality, inner drive, neurosis; psychology
of author and creation; exhaustive
‘psychological analysis’ of the content
g) Impressionistic Approach – elucidate
“reaction-response” – personal, relative, &
fruitful; see how pieces communicated and
taking impact as a whole.