Group 2

JEWISH EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM

Introduction
 The transmission of the tenets, principles and religious laws of Judaism
 The emphasis and value of education is strongly embedded in Jewish culture
 Judaism places a heavy emphasis on Torah study
 The tradition of Jewish education began with the old testament during biblical times
 Parent should have transmitted Jewish morals, faith and values to their children

EARLY EDUCATION
HOME – center of education
Mother’s Role: Teach the domestic rites and songs of the weekly festivals, feasts and the annual festival
Father’s Role: Providing moral, religious and handcraft instruction for growing sons.
AIMS OF EDUCATION
1. Simeon ben Shetah & Joshua ben Gamla
- Elementray school learning was regarded as compulsory
2. Rabbi Meir Sincha of Dvinsk (in his Meschech Chochma)
- Observes that God’s statement is an implicit mitzuah to teach Judaism
3. Judah ben Tema
 At five years stage (5) – studying bible
 At Ten (10)– studying the Mishnah
 At thirteen (13)– fulfilling the mitzuah
 At fifteen (15) – studying the Talmud
TYPES OF EDUCATION
Sex Segragation
Boy – education primarily focused in the study of Jewish
scriptures (Torah & Talmud)
Girls – obtain studies both is Jewish education as well as broader secular subjects
 Drama – based education
 Theatrical
 Sports – based education
 Sports volunteering program
 Perceived role of sports
Student Organizations
 Torah Study  Social activities
  national networking oppurtunities
 Summer Camps
 Sports specialty camp
 Teen leadership Institute
 Programs for youth with Special Needs
 Number of Israel Travel Programs
JEWISH SCHOOLS
 Synagogue
 Supplementary religious school
 Hebrew school
 Congregational schools

CONTRIBUTION TO PRESENT EDUCATION

 Importance of Cultural Education
 Affecting and Advancing the world culture
 The modern idea of kindergartens
 Teaching people who deaf ad mute
 General educational history and in educational research

HINDU ANCIENT EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM

Introduction
In ancient indian the child follow the occupation of his father.
 Religious
 Professional
 House

AIMS OF EDUCATION
To provide a good training to young men and women in the performance of their social, economic
and religious duties. Also a preservation and enrichment of culture, character and personality development
and cultivation of noble ideals.
TYPES OF EDUCATION
 Vedic - Sanksrit
 Buddhist – Pali

UNIQUENESS OF ANCIENT INDIAN EDUCATION

 The state and the society did not interfered with the curriculum of studies or regulating the payment of fees
or hours of instruction.
 It was fully and compulsorily residential. The student had to live in the house of his teacher for the whole
duration of his studies and learn from him not only what was thought but also observe how
 His teacher responded to different situation arising in daily life and learn from it.
  Stress was laid on having a personal relation between the teacher and the taught. Each student had to meet
the teacher separately and learn from him from separate instruction and guidance.
 Education was absolutely free and the teacher after the primary needs of the students including food and
clothing.
 Upheld the dignity of labour. Hence even a student aiming at the highest philosophical knowledge was
 Duty bound to do some manual labour daily such as collecting fuel, tending cattle, etc.
 Education in ancient india was more of seminar type where the student used to learn through discussions
and debates.
COMMENCEMENT OF EDUCATION
Under Vedic System of Education:
 Education of a child under 5 years old commenced w/ a ceremony called “VIDYARAMBHA.”
It was marked by learning alphabet for the first time and offering worship to Goddess. “Saraswathi”
 Saraswathi is the Hindu Goddess of knowledge, music, arts, wisdom and learning.
Under Vedic System of Education:
 Education of a child under 8 years old commenced w/ a ceremony called “UPANAYANA.”
Child used to leave his parent's home and go to stay in the house of his teach to commence his study.
He was now called “Brahmacharin” .
UPANAYANA ceremony was conducted by the Brahmin. Specialized as priests, teachers(acharya) and
protectors of sacred learning across generations.
 Indian text suggest that brahmins were often agriculturist and warriors in ancient and medieval
india
 education of a child under 10 years old commenced w/ a ceremony called “KSHATRIYA.”
“To protect society by fighting in wartime and governing in peaceful time.”

In the vedic system, education bramachari after finishing his education was eligible to become a gihasta or
householder.

BUDDHIST SYSTEM OF EDUCATION

A child commenced his education at the age of eight after initiation ceremony called probajya or pababajja.
After the initiation ceremony the child left his home to live in a monastery under the guidance and supervision
of his preceptor(monk). He was now called sramana(seekers, one who performs acts of austerity, ascetic) use to
wear a yellow robe.
EDUCATION OF WOMEN
 In the Vedic ystem, education women were trained in the art of housekeeping, music and learning.
 CLASSES OF EDUCATED WOMEN
 SADYOWAHAS - who prosecuted studies till their marriages.
 BRAMHAVADINIS - who did not marry and pursued their studies throughout their lives.
  Women were also taught the Vedas and Vedangas, but the extent of thier study was restricted only to
those hymns which neccesary for the Yajna(sacrifice) or other ritualistic operations.
 Women sages were called Rishikas.
 The Rigveda mentions the name of some of the famous women seers like Gosha, Apala,
 Lopamudra, Visvavara, Indrani, etc. who composed hymns.
 During the upanishad period we find scholarly women like maitreyi and gargi taking part in public
debates and discussions with philosophers and sages.

SUBJECT OF STUDY
The main subjects of study in the Vedic System of Education were the:
• Four Vedas
• Six Vedangas (phonetics, ritualisc knowledge, grammar, exegetics, metrics and astronomy)
• Upanishads
• Six Darshanas (nyanya, vaiseshika, samkya, yoga, mimams & vedanta)
• Puranas (history)
• Tarka Shastra (logic)
The main subjects of study in the buddhist system of education were the:
• Three pitakas (sutta, vinaya, and abhidhamma)
• The works of the 18 schools of buddhism.
• Hetu-vidya
• Sabda- vidya
• Chikitsa- vidya
VOCATIONAL EDUCATION
Sixty-Four Arts:
• Weaving • Art of Dancing
• Agriculture • Art of tanning leather
• Manufaturing Boats • Art of training Elephant and Horses
• Manufacturing Perfumes • Building houses
• Art of making jewels • Music
• Sculpture • Profession of Chemist
• Veterinary Science • Implements and Equipments
• Medical Science • Dyeing
METHODS OF LEARNING
 Memorization  Introspection
 Critical Analysis  Story Telling
 Seminar  Question and Answer
  Hands- On

PERIOD OS STUDY
 12 years to master one Veda. Hence, depending upon the wish of the student to learn as many subjects the
period study varied. for example:12 yrs, 24 yrs, 36 yrs or 46 yrs.
- A graduate was called Snataka and the graduation ceremony was called Samavarta.

TYPES OF TEACHER
 Acharya - Does not charging student for fees.
 Upadhaya - partly practicing his profession to earn livelihood and taught only a portion of the Veda or
Vedangas.
 Charakas - wandering scholars toured the country in quest of higher knowledge. Thought not normally
competent as teachers they were regarded as possible source of knowledge by Sapatapatha Brahmana.
 Guru - was the one who used to lead a gruhasta life and earn his livelihood after imparting education to
his disciples
and maintain his family.
 Yaujanasatika - a teacher who was famous for their profound scholarship that students from distant
places,
as far as a distances of hundred of miles would come to seek their guidance.
 Shikshaka - a teacher who gave instruction in arts like dancing.
EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS
 Gurukul  GhathikasAgraharas
 Parishads  Mathas
 Goshti or Academies  Brahmapuri
 Ashramas or Hermitages  Vihara
 Vidyapeeta
EPIGRAMMATIC EXPRESSION
Illiterate person considered as “PASU”, because without education he will not be able to rise above his
physical self.
Golden rules
 Who is helping you, Don't forget them.
 Who is loving you, Don't hate them.
 Who is trusting you, Don't cheat them.
- Life after death is Reincarnation.
- Universal law of cause and effect is Karma.
THANKYOU FOR LISTENING!
GODBLESS