CONTENTS

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION AND REVIEW OF LITERATURE 1

1.1 Fundamentals of ZnO 1
1.2 Crystal structure and surface state of ZnO 2
1.3 Application of ZnO and Review of Literature 4
1.3.1. Novel deposition method to grow ZnO nanorods 5
1.3.2. Nanostructured solar cell based on ZnO 5
1.3.3 Sensing characteristics of tin-doped ZnO 6
1.3.4. Studies on growth of ZnO thin films 6
1.3.5. Synthesis and optical properties of ZnO 7
1.3.6. Characterization of Undoped and In doped ZnO thin films 7
1.3.7. Study of ZnO for UV detection 9
1.3.8. Ethanol sensing property of ZnO thin film 10
1.3.9. Characterization of ZnO nanowires 10
1.3.10. Synthesis dependent morphology of ZnO 11
1.3.11. ZnO as thin film transistors 12
1.4. Motivation and objective of the work 13

CHAPTER 2 EXPERIMENTAL METHODS 14

2.1. Deposition Technique 14
2.2. Spray pyrolysis technique 15
2.2.1. Atomization Procedure 17
2.2.2. Aerosol Transport of Droplets 19
2.2.3. Precursor Decomposition 20
2.3. Characterization technique 21
2.3.1. Structural Characterization 21
2.3.2. Surface Morphology Characterisation 24
2.3.3. Optical Characterisation 24
2.3.4. Electrical and Gas sensor characterization 25

CHAPTER 3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 28

3.1. Preparation of Zinc Oxide Thin films 28