REPORT

(BUILDING CONSTRUCTION)
(SEM IX)
 LONG SPAN STRUCTURES

INTRODUCTION

 Long span structures are generally defined as those structures with larger span of
15m to 20m. Long span roofs can create flexible, column-free internal spaces and

can reduce sub-structure costs and construction times.

 They are commonly found in a wide range of building types such as factories,
warehouses, agricultural buildings, large shops, public halls, and gymnasiums.
 For such structures span is unable to achieve with ordinary R.C.C. construction.

 Steel is major material in long span structures.

 Steel, concrete, timber are the materials used for long span structures.

 There are many types of structures which can be used according to their spans,

material and aesthetics.

Common structural system for long span structures:-

 Long span beams – The use of long span beams results in a range of benefits,

including flexible, column-free internal spaces, reduced foundation cost and

reduced steel erection times. Many long span solutions are also well adopted to

facilitate the integration of services without increasing the overall depth.

 Long span trusses – A truss is essentially a triangulated system of straight

interconnected structural element. The most common use of trusses is in buildings,

where support to roofs, the floor and internal loading such as services and

suspended ceiling, are readily provided. The main reasons for using truss are: -

long span, lightweight, reduced deflection, etc.

TYPES OF LONG SPAN TRUSSES

  Long span roof structures – Long span roofs can create flexible, column-free

internal spaces and can reduce sub-structure costs and construction times.

These are main types of long span roof structure:-

Tensile structures folded plates

Shell structure Vaults

Dome structure